A 54-year-old man had a history of subxiphoid pericardial window due to suspected tuberculous effusions. Seventeen years later, following chronic heart failure and implantation of a pacemaker, he again developed pericardial and pleural effusion, re- quiring repeated percutaneous pericardiocentesis, pleurocentesis and chest tube drainage. A 5×5-cm section of pericardium was successfully resected with video-assisted thoracic pericardial window. No recurrence of pericardial effusion has since been encountered during 36 months follow-up. An 85-year-old woman had a history of percutaneous pericardiocentesis and pleurocentesis due to chronic pericarditis. The effusion of unknown origin was refractory to medication and additional pericardiocentesis and percutaneous pericardial and chest tube drainage. A 4×4-cm section of pericardium was also success- fully resected. No recurrence of pericardial effusion has been seen during 8 months follow-up. Video-assisted thoracoscopic pericardial window is an effective procedure for treating intractable pericardial effusion. ACTA MEDICA NAGASAKIENSIA 57: 105-107, 2012