Second Source Of Information Research Articles

(048) Women's Knowledge about Female Masturbation

Abstract Introduction The scarcity of in-depth studies on female masturbation testifies to the lack of attention paid to this crucial subject and to the cultural hurdles to talking about such a subject. This absence of evidence prevents healthcare practitioners from understanding women's experiences, needs, and challenges regarding their sexuality and sexual autonomy. It is therefore imperative to fill this knowledge gap with research studies that look at the cultural, social, and religious specificities specific to female masturbation. Objective The main objective of this study is to assess the knowledge of women regarding female masturbation taking into consideration their cultural, social, and religious backgrounds. Methods We present a cross-sectional study based on an online 15-item questionnaire posted once per week, 5 weeks in a row from March 14, 2023. The online self-administered questionnaire was presented in the local written dialect. The questionnaire was divided into a sociodemographic section, a general knowledge assessment of genitalia and the sexual female function, and a section about the misconceptions and knowledge about female masturbation. All participants were self-designated female participants over the age of 18, recruited from sports centers' Facebook and Instagram pages. Results The study included 213 participants, 82% of who have attended high education institutions, and 70% were single. The mean age was 25 [18, 45]. Internet was the participants' primary informational source in 64%. Friends were the second source of information with 15%. With regard to the participants' knowledge, the results of the study reveal a diversity of levels of knowledge within our population. Some participants demonstrated a limited or incorrect understanding of female masturbation, often influenced by cultural, and religious beliefs or preconceived ideas. This inaccurate knowledge contributes to the spread of negative stereotypes and judgments about practice. Conclusions It is important to recognize that female masturbation often remains a difficult subject to discuss and is surrounded by social taboos. In light of our findings, it is clear that additional efforts are needed to promote better understanding and acceptance of female masturbation through comprehensive sexuality education programs. Disclosure No.

Identification of Secretary Duties at Bank Nagari Main Branch Padang West Sumatra

The secretary assists the leader in carrying out activities. At Bank Nagari, Main Branch Padang, West Sumatra, the chief secretary has routine duties, namely receiving incoming letters and dispositions to branch heads and distribution to related work units, carrying out mail and document storage, managing reception, receiving calls and answering calls, maintaining and managing harmony and cleanliness . Special tasks, namely having the task of managing and organizing the implementation of meetings, taking care of the leadership's official travel, providing information about the leadership. Special duties, namely having the task of providing and maintaining equipment, as a second source of information. The receptionist's job is to receive and answer telephones, receive guests and provide the best service. Social tasks have the task of holding family gatherings, sending congratulations, sending and replying to congratulations. Incidental tasks, namely having the task of representing the leadership in meetings. The business meeting task has the task of determining the time and place of the business meeting, providing equipment for the meeting, and preparing snacks. Creative tasks have the task of mastering the skills of using office equipment and preparing souvenirs for leaders and their organizational relations.

Perilaku Pencarian Informasi Siswa Dalam Memenuhi Kebutuhan Informasi di MAN 2 Deli Serdang


 This study aims to determine information seeking behavior in meeting information needs at MAN 2 Deli Serdang. This study uses qualitative research methods, using a descriptive analysis approach. The findings of this study, students who meet their information needs prioritize visiting the library rather than going to the internet or other libraries. While the information source that students use the most is the third source of information (tertiary source), namely textbooks (textbooks) compared to the first source of information (primary source) and the second source of information (secondary source). Meanwhile, before conducting an information search, namely by looking at and reviewing the syllabus and preparing some of the notes needed in accordance with the theme of the task (starting). After that they determine the subject and use the core reference to link the search for the desired subject (chaining). Behavior when searching for information, they perform searches on collection shelves, OPAC, and the internet (browsing). The last behavior is that after searching for information, they carry out monitoring, extracting, checking, and ending. The obstacle faced by informants when searching on the internet is the lack of information search strategies applied by them, especially in determining the subject. In addition, the information they get is very much (overloaded). While the obstacles faced in the library are that they often do not get the collections they are looking for because the arrangement and placement on the collection shelves is not appropriate, so they look for other collections.
 Keywords: Behavior, Search, Information

Factors Shaping Performance of Polish Biodiesel Producers Participating in the Farm Accountancy Data Network in the Context of the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union

The aim of this study was to present factors shaping biodiesel production in Poland influenced by the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the European Union (EU). The performance of Polish biodiesel producers was analyzed. A regression model was built to identify the factors that impacted biodiesel production in Poland. The Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) was the main source of information about Polish biodiesel farmers. The FADN is the most comprehensive and detailed source of economic and agricultural data in Poland. Changes in the number of biodiesel producers in the Polish market were analyzed with the use of indicators. In the last stage of the study, the impact of selected variables on the performance of rapeseed farms was determined in a regression analysis. The second source of information was Eurostat data, which provided information about pure biodiesel production in the European Union (EU) countries from 2004 to 2019. The biggest producers of pure biodiesel in the European Union are Germany, France, Spain, and Italy. Poland is also an important producer of biodiesel in the European Union (EU). Both descriptive statistics and statistical analyses are presented. First, we used descriptive statistics to present changes in pure biodiesel production in the European Union. Second, we used statistical analyses to present factors shaping the economic performance of biodiesel producers in Poland. The study demonstrated that the number of rapeseed producers in Poland has increased and that farm performance has improved during the period analyzed. Rapeseed farms have increased their land area and the value of fixed and current assets. The land area under rapeseed cultivation has increased after Poland joined the EU, which suggests a positive response to a growing demand for biofuels.

Indirect Area Estimates of Disease Prevalence: Bayesian Evidence Synthesis with an Application to Coronary Heart Disease

Risks for many chronic diseases (coronary heart disease, can cer, mental illness, diabetes, asthma, etc) are strongly linked both to socio economic and ethnic group and so prevalence varies considerably between areas. Variations in prevalence are important in assessing health care needs and in comparing health care provision (e.g. of surgical intervention rates) to health need. This paper focuses on estimating prevalence of coronary heart disease and uses a Bayesian approach to synthesise information of dif ferent types to make indirect prevalence estimates for geographic units where prevalence data are not otherwise available. One source is information on prevalence risk gradients from national health survey data; such data typ ically provide only regional identifiers (for confidentiality reasons) and so gradients by age, sex, ethnicity, broad region, and socio-economic status may be obtained by regression methods. Often a series of health surveys is available and one may consider pooling strength over surveys by using information on prevalence gradients from earlier surveys (e.g. via a power prior approach). The second source of information is population totals by age, sex, ethnicity, etc from censuses or intercensal population estimates, to which survey based prevalence rates are applied. The other potential data source is information on area mortality, since for heart disease and some other major chronic diseases there is a positive correlation over areas be tween prevalence of disease and mortality from that disease. A case study considers the development of estimates of coronary heart disease prevalence in 354 English areas using (a) data from the Health Surveys for England for 2003 and 1999 (b) population data from the 2001 UK Census, and (c) area mortality data for 2003.

Analysis on the Effectiveness of Bung Hatta University's Promotion

There has been tight and steep competition in Indonesian universities for prospective students due to the increasing growth of private higher education or universities in all regions. Bung Hatta University as one of the largest universities in the Higher Education Service Institutions (LLDIKTI) region X also faces the impact of this competition. This study aims to analyze and measure the effectiveness of promotions that have been carried out by Bung Hatta University in attracting new prospective students. This research is a descriptive study that aims to describe, explain, and validate research findings. This study found that the main source of information for students obtaining information about Bung Hatta University, including all faculties available, was the nuclear family or close family at 37.99%, the second source of information with a proportion of 19.55% was promotions on social media, internet and websites. Information from students currently studying comes in the third place with a proportion of 12.99%. The fourth place is alumni with a proportion of 8.84% , the fifth place is information from friends or neighbors, as much as 7, 82%, the sixth place is from electronic media at 5.17%, the seventh place is from Senior high school teachers in which the students study 2.09%, the eight source is from the visit of the university promotion team is 1.96%, the ninth source is from mass media, 1.96% and the last one, in the tenth place is information from employees or lecturers of Bung Hatta University is 1.54%. Several factors that encourage students to study at Bung Hatta University are the first one is the image of Bung Hatta University as Higher Education with a proportion of 60.20%, secondly is the economic aspect of 16.62%, the third factor is the student activities with a proportion of 14.11% and the fourth place is the physical aspect with the proportion of 9.08%.

Covid-19 communication management in Spain: Exploring the effect of information-seeking behavior and message reception in public’s evaluation

The World Health Organization (2011) has emphasized communication as one of the biggest challenges and places risk communication among the essential competencies required to tackle a pandemic. In light of the Covid-19 crisis, the aim of this paper is to assess how information forms and sources influence the public’s information-seeking behaviors, and the perception of government’s crisis response strategies during the pandemic. An online survey was conducted between March 14 and April 14, 2020, the first four weeks after the declaration of the State of Alarm in Spain. The online questionnaire included questions regarding information-seeking behavior, trust in different sources and channels, perception of government communication management, message retention, and demographic questions. Findings show a synchronous use of multiple media and platforms in line with channel complementarity theory. Three of the four most used information channels are considered mainstream news media. However, the second source of information is WhatsApp. People who relied more on the mainstream news media for Covid-19 information are generally most likely to express positive opinions of the government’s communication strategy. Findings also show that people less able to make correct attributions of governmental information were the most critical of the government’s crisis response. Finally, trust in public authorities’ decreases as the crisis evolves as a general matter. It is specially truth for the WHO, but there is also a striking exemption for local governments. Implications for theory and empirical research and recommendations and new issues to address are identified and discussed.

Classification of periodic arrivals in event time data for filtering computer network traffic

Periodic patterns can often be observed in real-world event time data, possibly mixed with non-periodic arrival times. For modelling purposes, it is necessary to correctly distinguish the two types of events. This task has particularly important implications in computer network security; there, separating automated polling traffic and human-generated activity in a computer network is important for building realistic statistical models for normal activity, which in turn can be used for anomaly detection. Since automated events commonly occur at a fixed periodicity, statistical tests using Fourier analysis can efficiently detect whether the arrival times present an automated component. In this article, sequences of arrival times which contain automated events are further examined, to separate polling and non-periodic activity. This is first achieved using a simple mixture model on the unit circle based on the angular positions of each event time on the p-clock, where p represents the main periodicity associated with the automated activity; this model is then extended by combining a second source of information, the time of day of each event. Efficient implementations exploiting conjugate Bayesian models are discussed, and performance is assessed on real network flow data collected at Imperial College London.

Enhancing information retrieval performance by using social analysis

In recent decades, researchers have realized that social networks are important sources for adhering to the evolution of many aspects of Information Retrieval (IR). These social networks have produced vast amounts of important information that are not covered by traditional IR systems. This improvement, which has become one of the main applications of IR, offers several social features such as the conversational exchange and the share of opinions by users, and the association of users with the same interests. This work introduces a model of Social Information Research that takes into account social information on users and exploits them as a second source of information for a given query. In the proposed IR system, the quality of results improved by the analysis of user’s needs and by comparing other users’ social data.

Uşak İli nin Destinasyon Markalaşma Analizi ve Strateji Önerileri

The aim of the study is to examine the destination image of Usak and develop recommendations for effective destination branding strategies in line with the results obtained. The questionnaire was applied to 630 consumers living outside of Usak who had information about Usak. According to the results of the research, the participants get their information about Usak from the close circle. The second source of information is the internet, and the third is social media and television. Among the perceptual/cognitive destination image elements of Usak, the five highest scores are geographical location, historical features, traffic situation, natural beauties, hospitality and university. The five lowest rated properties are shopping opportunities, general price level, job opportunities, accommodation facilities and climatic conditions and health services. Among the emotional destination image elements of Usak, the three highest scores are calmness, cuteness and cleanliness. The three lowest scores were outward opening, modernity and development. In the conclusion part of the study, in accordance with the findings obtained, destination branding strategies that can be effective are proposed.

Sources of information preferred by guardians of severely disabled children in Klang Valley Malaysia

This paper extends the information needs, seeking behavior and information sources preferred by guardians of children with severe disabilities. The aims are to explore the information needs, seeking behavior and sources preferred by guardians of children with severe disabilities in Klang valley, Malaysia. The study focused on both personal lives and broader social contexts. Eight common information sources were identified. This paper concentrates on two information sources. Findings showed that guardians relied heavily on professional advice. Most guardians of children with severe disabilities referred to doctors and nurses as their sources of information. Traditional healers were also preferred as a second source of information. This study is useful for policy-makers and information service providers to adopt a more holistic approach to meet the needs of families of children with severe disabilities in Malaysian setting.

Temperature monitoring by channel data delays: Feasibility based on estimated delays magnitude for cardiac ablation

Ultrasound thermometry is based on measuring tissue temperature by its impact on ultrasound wave propagation. This study focuses on the use of transducer array channel data (not beamformed) and examines how a layer of increased velocity (heat induced) affects the travel-times of the ultrasound backscatter signal. Based on geometric considerations, a new equation was derived for the change in time delay as a function of temperature change. The resulting expression provides insight into the key factors that link change in temperature to change in travel time. It shows that velocity enters in combination with heating geometry: complementary information is needed to compute velocity from the changes in travel time. Using the bio-heat equation as a second source of information in the derived expressions, the feasibility of monitoring the temperature increase during cardiac ablation therapy using channel data was investigated. For an intra-cardiac (ICE) probe, using this “time delay error approach” would not be feasible, while for a trans-esophageal array transducer (TEE) transducer it might be feasible.

Effects of Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care on Psychotic Symptoms in Girls

Neurodevelopmental theories of psychosis highlight the potential benefits of early intervention, prevention, and/or preemption. How early intervention should take place has not been established, nor whether interventions based on social learning principles can have preemptive effects. The objective was to test whether a comprehensive psychosocial intervention can significantly alter psychotic symptom trajectories during adolescence-a period of heightened risk for a wide range of psychopathology. This study was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care (MTFC) for delinquent adolescent girls. Assessment of psychotic symptoms took place at baseline and then 6, 12, 18, and 24 months post-baseline using a standardized self-report instrument (Brief Symptom Inventory). A second source of information about psychotic symptoms was obtained at baseline or 12 months, and again at 24 months using a structured diagnostic interview (the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children [DISC]). Significant benefits for MTFC over treatment as usual for psychosis symptoms were observed over a 24-month period. Findings were replicated across both measures. Effects were independent of substance use and initial symptom severity and persisted beyond the initial intervention period. Ameliorating nonclinical psychotic symptoms trajectories beginning in mid-adolescence via a multifaceted psychosocial intervention is possible. Developmental research on nonclinical psychotic symptoms and their prognostic value should be complemented by more psychosocial intervention research aimed at modifying these symptom trajectories early in their natural history. Clinical trial registration information-Juvenile Justice Girls Randomized Control Trial: Young Adult Follow-up; http://clinicaltrials.gov; NCT01341626.

Self-Efficacy, Self-Care Behaviors and Glycemic Control among Type2 Diabetic Patients in Saudi Arabia

of information sources on satisfaction, were conducted with SPSS. Results: People aged between 55 and 94 years, 66%(203) female, returned 306 usable questionnaires. Respondents were taking between 0 and 20 prescription medicines and most, 93%(285), had taken one in the last 24 hours. Sources of information were ranked in order of use and doctors were most frequently ranked 1 (77%) and pharmacists 2 (60%). Those reported to have a large effect on satisfactionwere doctors (84%) and pharmacists (60%). Rasch analysis showed suitability of the SIMS scale for group use (PSI1⁄40.81) in Australia. Few people (8%(23)) received too much information, 23%(69) had just the right amount of information and 69%(211) did not have all the information they would like. Multiway ANOVA revealed that three information sources influenced satisfaction with prescription medicines information: doctors, pharmacists and the internet, with an interaction between pharmacists and doctors (F1⁄46.50;p1⁄40.011). Respondents who ranked the internet as their first or second source of information were less satisfied than those who did not (F1⁄46.10;p1⁄40.014). Conclusion: Few people had received too much information about their prescription medicines. When all other factors were taken into consideration, satisfaction with prescription medicines was higher if doctors and/or pharmacists had a large influence and lower if the internet was a primary source of information. [1]. Horne R, Hankins M, Jenkins R The Satisfaction with Information about Medicines Scale (SIMS): a new measurement tool for audit and research. Qualitative Health Care. 2001;10:135–140.

Familiarisation of Children with Medicines and their Sources of Information

Familiarisation of Children with Medicines and their Sources of Information

Challenges and perspectives facing the development of entrepreneurship education and training in South Africa

Purpose – The study aims to investigate some of the interventions which have been introduced by the South African Government through its various agencies (Sector Education Training Authorities or SETA, for example) to support youth entrepreneurship and explore the challenges these agencies face, namely policy development, operational and pedagogic impediments.Design/methodology/approach – The approach used to collect data was twofold; first, desk research was conducted on selected work in the area of entrepreneurial education and training. The second source of information was from empirical investigations on the impact made by the various Sector Education Training Authorities (SETAs) in supporting small, medium and micro enterprises (SME) levy payers in skills development. In addition to the information from SETAs, data are also used from impact assessment studies conducted for the South African Department of Trade and Industry and the Department of Science and Technology.Findings – The study found that t...

Challenges and Perspectives Facing the Development of Entrepreneurship Education and Training in Cameroon

Purpose – The study investigates some of the interventions which have been introduced by the Cameroonian government to support entrepreneurship and job creation and explore the challenges these interventions face, namely policy development, operational and pedagogic impediments.Design/methodology/approach – The approach used to collect data was twofold; first desk research was conducted on selected work in the area of entrepreneurial education and training. The second source of information was from empirical investigations on the impact made by the various structures in supporting small, medium and micro enterprises (SME) levy payers in skills development. Findings – The study found that there are no inter-disciplinary approaches in entrepreneurship training; that make entrepreneurship education accessible to all Cameroonians, and where appropriate creating teams for the development and exploitation of business ideas. Another finding is the fact that students from business to engineering studies are not connected, while entrepreneurship courses are just for business students.Originality/value – This study has explored the nature of entrepreneurial education development through well designed entrepreneurial development efforts. An appropriate scheme in terms of cultivating an entrepreneurial spirit around training and concentrating efforts on supporting the growth of new ventures is suggested. Limitations – The concept of entrepreneurship is not mastered; and there is a large confusion between entrepreneurship and small business management; while the first creates job, the latter is self centered on the founder of the business.

Gender Discrimination and Economic Outcome in European Union

This project presents a systematic and complete agenda to study the gender labour market discrimination in European Union (EU) member states. This agenda will allow us not only to properly detect gender discrimination but also fully understand its consequences. I seek to do this by using three different sources of information. The first source of information is a new and rich longitudinal data set containing detailed labour market histories of a representative sample of 3 parts of European member states: (1) member states to 2004, (2) member states from 2004, (3) member states from 2007 including CROATIA in this group The Social Protection Survey (SPS). This data set it will be available in the beginning of the research. My second source of information will be a new survey, carefully designed to measure cognitive and non-cognitive abilities at the individual level. Finally, I plan to use the information from an audit study in which I will send written applications to real job advertisements in particular selected states. Altogether, these sources of information will provide a unique opportunity to (i) re-analyse the previous findings in the literature and (ii) go beyond what have been done in EU to detect and understand the gender labour market discrimination phenomenon. With the first source of information (SPS) I will correct the estimates of gender discrimination by adding controls for the labour history of the workers, marital and maternal histories, family characteristics (parents education, number of siblings, etc.) and school performance and quality. The second source of information will be I think the first attempt in EU to measure cognitive and non-cognitive abilities and their effects on economic outcomes. Recent outstanding theoretical and empirical literature centres its attention on these issues. Finally, with the audit study (the third component of my agenda) we will be able to follow the field experiment approach to study the presence of gender discrimination in the labour market. In this experiment I will send pairs of identical written applications differing only in the applicant's gender. Additionally, I will explore the importance of the neighbourhood effects and beauty by introducing the dimension of geographical location and including pictures in the job applications. I expect my study to have a major influence on the way public policy is designed in EU.

Incorporation of evolutionary information into Rosetta comparative modeling.

Prediction of protein structures from sequences is a fundamental problem in computational biology. Algorithms that attempt to predict a structure from sequence primarily use two sources of information. The first source is physical in nature: proteins fold into their lowest energy state. Given an energy function that describes the interactions governing folding, a method for constructing models of protein structures, and the amino acid sequence of a protein of interest, the structure prediction problem becomes a search for the lowest energy structure. Evolution provides an orthogonal source of information: proteins of similar sequences have similar structure, and therefore proteins of known structure can guide modeling. The relatively successful Rosetta approach takes advantage of the first, but not the second source of information during model optimization. Following the classic work by Andrej Sali and colleagues, we develop a probabilistic approach to derive spatial restraints from proteins of known structure using advances in alignment technology and the growth in the number of structures in the Protein Data Bank. These restraints define a region of conformational space that is high-probability, given the template information, and we incorporate them into Rosetta's comparative modeling protocol. The combined approach performs considerably better on a benchmark based on previous CASP experiments. Incorporating evolutionary information into Rosetta is analogous to incorporating sparse experimental data: in both cases, the additional information eliminates large regions of conformational space and increases the probability that energy-based refinement will hone in on the deep energy minimum at the native state.

Personal, popular and information portals – Olympic news and the use of mobile phones among migrant workers in Fuzhou

Based on theory regarding mobile communication in general, this essay relates the experiences of migrant workers from both rural and urban areas in Fuzhou, who used mobile phones to stay in contact with the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games, to how these contacts supported and encouraged migrant workers to persist in gathering Olympic Games information. In other words, does the relationship between demographics and knowledge about the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games differ according to the use of mobile phones among migrant workers? Results indicate that television became the primary source of Olympic Games news for migrant workers, but actually with few advantages as the respondents considered the mobile phone as their second source of information. Given the higher than average mobile media penetration rate among the sample of migrant workers and their information expectations, we cannot ignore the mobile phone's impact as a channel for information and public services. This essay's focus is also on how the government, the official press and service providers (China Mobile and China Unicom) appreciated the mobile phone as a means of spreading the Olympic Games' influence, making it possible for a large majority of people to enjoy the Olympic Games, and popularizing knowledge.