Seating Arrangements Research Articles

Effective Classroom Management as a Quick Solution to Improve Student Participation and Motivation in the Learning Process

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of classroom management in increasing student participation and motivation at MI Darul Akhlak, Tanjung Jabung Timur Regency. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation. This study observes how the implementation of good classroom management can create a conducive learning environment and encourage students to be more active in learning. The results of the study indicate that effective classroom management, including careful planning, flexible seating arrangements, the use of relevant learning media, and positive interactions between teachers and students, can increase student focus and involvement in the learning process. Some obstacles in the implementation of classroom management include low student awareness of learning responsibilities, and the existence of disruptive extracurricular activities. In conclusion, good classroom management plays an important role in creating a conducive learning atmosphere and increasing student motivation. It is recommended that teachers maximize classroom management strategies and involve students in the learning process. Students are also expected to be able to increase awareness of the importance of active participation in teaching and learning activities.

Effects of Classroom Seating Arrangement on the Academic Performance in Mathematics of Students in Public Day Schools in Musanze District, Rwanda

Effects of Classroom Seating Arrangement on the Academic Performance in Mathematics of Students in Public Day Schools in Musanze District, Rwanda

Do facilitators and barriers to community ambulation differ among stroke survivors in low resource settings? A cross-sectional study in Nigeria

ABSTRACT Purpose Stroke survivors (SSV) in many low- and middle-income countries experience frustrating participation restriction in community ambulation (CA), which impedes community life. This study assessed facilitators and barriers to CA among community-dwelling SSV in a southwest state of Nigeria. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 66 community-dwelling ambulating SSV, purposively recruited from physiotherapy out-patient clinics of selected hospitals in southwest Nigeria. Semi-structured questionnaire containing physical and social environment elements of the ICF domains was administered on respondents. Mobility status at home and community, socio-demographic and clinical data of SSV were also obtained. Responses from open-ended questions were triangulated with appropriate close ended options. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression at p < 0.05 Alpha value. Results Majority of the SSV were independent in their homes (59.1%), used mobility aids (87.9%) and assisted in CA (66.7%). They identified limited physical accessibility by crowds 25 (37.9%), lack of inclined surfaces 40 (95.2%), uneven floors 36 (87.8%), public seating arrangements 33 (78.6%), rain (73.8%) and inability to use services, systems and policies (77.3%) as barriers to CA. Built physical environment was a significant predictor of home (OR = 0.754, p = 0.001) and community mobility (OR = 0.850; p = 0.018), while post-stroke depression was a significant predictor of community mobility (OR = 1.038; p = 0.014). Conclusion Mobility aids, social attitudes and general support were identified as facilitators, whereas barriers to CA included built physical environment, services and policies, products and technology. Facilitators and barriers to CA are similar to some HIC contexts, perceived difficulties and experiences differ for infrastructural and social reasons among others.

Fusing Transformer and diffusion for high-resolution prediction of daylight illuminance and glare based on sparse ceiling-mounted input

Accurate prediction of workplane daylight illuminance and eye-height glare is crucial for lighting control. Existing studies used machine learning to predict illuminance at predetermined locations based on indoor sensors, but they may encounter challenges in scenarios 1) with flexible seating arrangements, 2) with dynamic shading devices, and 3) requiring the prediction of glare. To address these challenges, we proposed a novel method fusing Transformer and Diffusion models, with the input being data collected from sparse ceiling-mounted illuminance sensors, and the outputs being high-resolution workplane illuminance and glare. The model works well for rooms without and with dynamic roller shades. For the former, the mean absolute errors for illuminance below 3000 lx and Daylight Glare Index (DGI) are only 20.77 lx and 0.20, and the error rates in detecting illuminance <500 lx and DGI>22 are only 0.85 % and 5.55 %. For the more complicated latter case, the aforementioned four numbers are 34.78 lx, 0.59, 2.47 % and 23.13 %. The model significantly outperforms the linear and the ANN models, particularly in glare prediction. The influence of sensor number and placement strategy on model performance was also revealed. The model can potentially enhance lighting control, especially in cases with dynamic shading, with flexible seating arrangements, and where glare is of interest.

Invisible Divides: The Subtle Power of Marginalized Seating

This article investigates the ways in which seating arrangements contribute significantly to the maintenance of social hierarchies and exclusion in a variety of settings, including restaurants, public transportation, meetings, and classrooms. Although it is frequently seen as unimportant, a person's seat might indicate underlying dynamics of rank, power, and influence. This article explores how seating arrangements are shaped by caste, class, gender, and disability, and shows how spatial structuring reinforces social disadvantage

Impact of work and working conditions on chronic low back pain among fisher women: a cross sectional study in Trivandrum

Background: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of chronic low back pain, its severity and associated factors among fisherwomen. Methods: Cross-sectional survey conducted among 336 fisherwomen aged 18-49 years from 7 fishing villages in Trivandrum. The prevalence of chronic low back pain estimated using Nordic body map. Pain severity was assessed using the pain numeric rating scale. Results: Prevalence of chronic low back pain was 45%. High BMI, UTI history, stress-induced headaches, falls, physical abuse, water-collection frequency, work-experience, and standing duration were associated with chronic low back pain. The pain severity prevalence was 23.8% mild, 51.65% moderate and 24.5% severe. Income, continuous-standing, improper-seating, and stipulated rest-time were associated with seventy of chronic low back pain. Standing continuously and improper seating were predictors of pain severity. Conclusions: Low back pain is common among fisherwomen contributed by work-related behavior. Posture correction measures such as educating the fisherwomen on appropriate posture and need for relaxation will improve their health conditions. Improved working environments which include proper resting place, designated space for vending with proper seating arrangement with chairs and with back support will improve the LBP status of fisherwomen.

Strategi Pengelolaan Kelas dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pembelajaran Fiqih di MDT Al-Munjiyat Pontianak

This study aims to identify the factors that support and hinder classroom management strategies and evaluate the effectiveness of these strategies in enhancing the quality of learning. The research methodology employed is descriptive in nature and adopts a qualitative approach. The primary data sources consist of interviews, observations, and documentation obtained from school principals, teachers, and staff members. Secondary data sources include relevant journals, books, and websites. The data analysis entails data display, data reduction, and drawing conclusions. The findings of the study reveal the following: 1) Teachers employ various strategies in classroom management such as maintaining a positive classroom atmosphere, adopting personal approaches towards students, organizing seating arrangements, providing individual attention, and offering constructive warnings. These efforts significantly contribute to improving the learning process and outcomes. 2) The supporting factors for effective classroom management strategies encompass the availability of adequate facilities, a relevant school curriculum, teachers' abilities and competencies, a conducive learning environment, collaborative interactions among teachers, school administrators, and principals, an efficient school management system, and a strong teacher-student rapport. 3) Teachers also employ strategic initiatives in classroom management, including the provision of school facilities, the inclusion of Quranic reading prior to lessons, the enhancement of teacher competence, self-evaluation by teachers throughout the planning and implementation stages of teaching, including lesson planning, and efforts to assess the students' circumstances. In conclusion, enhancing the quality of learning is contingent not only upon the efforts of teachers but also necessitates support from various factors, such as teacher competence, adequate facilities and infrastructure, and a conducive learning environment.

MỐI LIÊN HỆ GIỮA VỊ TRÍ CHỖ NGỒI TRONG LỚP HỌC VỚI KẾT QUẢ HỌC TẬP MÔN HỌC “MẠNG MÁY TÍNH”

The paper investigates the correlation between seating positions in the classroom and academic performance in the subject of Computer Networks, specifically focusing on students from the Faculty of Information Technology at Thai Nguyen University of Information and Communication Technology. The research methodology employed scenarios, situations, interview questions, and real experimental cases involving 500 students. These students were assigned different seating arrangements in classrooms throughout the course, from the beginning to the end. Through specific input data, the study quantitatively assessed the relatively accurate research outcomes, based on the final exam results. The research results, comparisons, and practical evaluations indicate that seating positions are related to students' academic performance. Specifically, students achieving grades of C or higher are predominantly found in the front and middle rows, while those with grades below C are in the remaining rows

Enumerating seating arrangements that obey social distancing

We illustrate the power of symbolic computation and experimental mathematics by investigating maximal seating arrangements, either on a line, or in a rectangular auditorium with a fixed number of columns but an arbitrary number of rows, that obey any prescribed set of ‘social distancing’ restrictions. In addition to enumeration, we study the statistical distribution of the density, and give simulation algorithms for generating them.

Transmission of micron-size droplets inside an air-conditioned sports-utility-vehicle: a numerical study

A 3D Euler-Lagrangian CFD model to simulate dispersion of micron-sized droplets (generated by coughing action) within a three-row air-conditioned sports-utility-vehicle is reported. The model is first validated against experimental data on droplet evaporation and flow field in an enclosure. Three turbulence models are compared. The study explores four sets of practical scenarios. First, varying air velocities from dashboard AC ports affect droplet dispersion, with higher velocities resulting in increased dispersion. For instance, at 3 m/s and 2 m/s, the percentage of particles falling on exposed surfaces is 93% and 36%, respectively. The second set investigates the impact of passenger seating arrangements (back-to-back and staggered). Staggered seating demonstrates a lower infection spread probability (0%) compared to back-to-back seating (20%). The third set examines the position of cough droplet exhalation, revealing that events in the rear (3rd) row pose the least risk (0% infection spread probability), while those initiated in the front (1st) row present the highest risk (60% infection spread probability). Finally, the fourth set assesses the influence of additional AC vents toward the rear of the vehicle, demonstrating a risk reduction from 60% to 20% infection spread probability when such vents are present.

For Da Brothas: a call for fat, black male and masculine folx literature

PurposeThis study rigorously explores the intersectional challenges faced by black fat males, emphasizing the amalgamation of anti-fat bias, gender and sexuality and racial discrimination within educational contexts. The purpose of this study is to dissect the complex dynamics of this intersection, shedding light on the nuanced experiences of black men. Central to this exploration is the advocacy for creating inclusive educational sanctuaries, providing a safe space for these individuals to thrive, learn and engage in holistic personal development.Design/methodology/approachTo accomplish our objectives, this paper reviewed existing literature on anti-fatness, intersecting with issues of race, gender and sexuality. Drawing upon qualitative data, this study incorporated personal narratives and experiences to offer a comprehensive perspective. Our research methodology also involved an analysis of metrics like body mass index (BMI) and its impact on health-care practices and policies, particularly concerning the black community.FindingsThe research discerns that black fat males encounter multifaceted challenges in educational settings, often rooted in societal prejudices and systemic biases. It highlights the inadequacy of conventional metrics like BMI in capturing the complexity of these experiences. The study identifies the urgent need for safe school spaces, emphasizing the importance of inclusive language, varied seating arrangements and tailored educational content. These findings underscore the imperative for proactive measures in dismantling anti-fatness within academic institutions.Originality/valueThis research contributes significantly to the academic discourse by pioneering an in-depth exploration of the intersectional challenges black fat males face in education. This study offers a novel perspective by focusing on the unique amalgamation of anti-fat bias and racial discrimination. The proposal for educational sanctuaries tailored to the needs of this demographic represents an innovative solution, bridging gaps in the existing literature. Through its nuanced approach and advocacy for inclusivity, this study stands as an original and pioneering contribution to the field, urging educators and policymakers to reevaluate their practices and create equitable learning environments.

Visual Materials in Classroom Teaching Learning: A Case Study on Nonformal Primary School

The evolution of technology and the paradigm shift triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic have reshaped educational practices, transitioning from conventional to digital mechanisms. The integration of digital learning resources has introduced a new dimension to the classroom environment. This paper aims to investigate the practicality of utilizing existing visual learning materials in non-formal educational settings. The case study focuses on non-formal primary schools operated by the JAAGO Foundation in Dhaka, serving as a representative sample. Data for this study were gathered through semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and observation notes from teachers, learners, and experts in the sampled non-formal primary schools. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze and present the collected data. The findings of the study underscore significant positive effects of employing visual learning materials in non-formal primary classrooms. These effects manifest in the areas of motivation enhancement, assessment of prior knowledge, and promotion of active participation, particularly among disadvantaged learners. The study also highlights the effectiveness of visual materials in facilitating clear comprehension, fostering creativity and imagination, enhancing critical thinking skills, and promoting digital literacy as essential 21st-century skills. Moreover, the research reveals that visual learning materials play a crucial role in achieving desired learning outcomes, aligning with both learners' psychology and pedagogical perspectives. However, the study identifies key challenges hindering the effective use of visual materials in non-formal classrooms, including infrastructural inconveniences such as poor projection systems, noisy sound systems, and inadequate seating arrangements for students. In light of these findings, the study recommends the implementation of professional training sessions for educators and emphasizes the need for school authorities to take responsibility in addressing identified challenges. By doing so, the study advocates for the creation of an environment conducive to effective classroom practices utilizing visual materials in non-formal educational settings. Teacher’s World: Journal of Education and Research, 49 (2),37-51

Spatial Structure of Peer Networks and Academic Achievement Based on a Random Control Trial Experiment

AbstractThis paper investigates whether changing the seating arrangement in a classroom can facilitate positive spillovers from top‐performing students to others, using a field experiment conducted in a Chinese high school. Among study groups with balanced abilities, the treatment altered the spatial distribution by assigning the two top students to seats in the spatial center of each group. In the reference groups where students were allowed to choose their own seating arrangements, the lowest performing were significantly less likely to sit next to a top student than they would be under a random assignment. The results suggest that, in the treated groups, there could be enhanced academic spillovers from the top students. The treatment especially benefited the two lowest performing students in science subjects. In contrast, the treatment exerted negative effects on the test scores of the two middle‐performing students, due to a disruption mechanism. The results suggest that the spatial layout of a peer network can have a significant impact on learning outcomes.

Stress Detection and Mitigation through Discovery of Optimal Lecture Delivery Method for STEM-Enrolled University Students

The high availability of technology-related jobs is currently not fulfilled by enough supply of technology graduates, specifically the ones coming from science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) courses. This is related to the low enrolment rate of STEM-based courses at Universities. The notion that STEM subjects are intense and difficult to pass could be the reason of such phenomena. This research experimented different lecture delivery methods comprising of different seating arrangements, inclusion or exclusion of break, group size, and room size to investigate the generated levels of stress among STEM students, so that the method that would induce minimum stress could be discovered. The analysis of the generated heart rates as stress indication concludes that the level of difficulty of STEM subject’s topic is the one that most affected students’ level of stress, while inclusion of break during class is imperious to destress students. Class arrangement with far seating was discovered to be potentially more stressful for certain students indicated by the high level of resting heart rate in one of the experiments. Importantly, it was also found that regardless of lecture delivery method, STEM subjects in general remained challenging that was suggested by the consistently high recorded heart rates, which was also a sign of active learning engagement - besides implying the level of stress. Finally, gender-wise, there is no visible data pattern that could hint that certain gender is more vulnerable to stress when handling STEM subjects.

"We do not go outside, though We want to": Unequal Access to Public Transport and Transport-Related Social Exclusion of Older Adults in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

This study investigated key physical and social barriers to accessing public transport in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and how the unequal accessibility of transport leads to the social exclusion of older adults. Employing a transport disadvantage perspective and drawing on visual surveys and in-depth interviews, the study explores the context and lived experiences of older adults using public transport in their everyday lives. Difficulty in accessing buses due to overcrowding and congestion, struggling to get on rickshaws due to height, avoiding CNG (an autorickshaw) and cabs due to high fares, disliking Laguna (a small four-wheeler human haulier for carrying passengers) for compact seating arrangements, undesirable behavior, and social attitudes discourage older adults from participating in social activities and produce a feeling of social isolation and exclusion. Hence, more inclusive transport policies are essential in low- and middle-income countries to reduce transport-related social exclusion and improve the well-being of older adults.

IMPLEMENTATION OF STORYTELLING METHOD IN LEARNING TO READ AND WRITE THE QUR'AN FOR THE FORMATION OF STUDENTS' CHARACTER AT TPQ AISYIYAH KEPATIHAN

The aim of this research is to obtain an overview of the implementation of the storytelling method in learning to read and write the Qur'an for the character formation of students at TPQ Aisyiyah Kepatihan. This is qualitative research that focuses on a phenomenological approach. This research was carried out carefully, in a structured manner, and continuously. The data obtained in this research is descriptive, consisting of words and observable behavior. The aim of this research is to explain various subjects or subject situations clearly and concisely. To obtain accurate data for this research, researchers came to TPQ Aisyiyah Kepatihan, Menganti-Gresik, to obtain the data. Researchers use the following data sources: 1) Data sources are primary data, data directly from the research location, or the first source of research subjects. Like a TPQ ustadzah 2) Secondary data sources are data that researchers have personally collected to support primary sources. It can be said that the data is organized in the form of documents. The research results show that there are three stages: planning, implementation, and evaluation. The ustadzah or teacher must prepare the following steps in the planning process: choosing the material to present, comprehending the material's main points, selecting material that meets the needs of the students, choosing props, and determining seating arrangements. Second, in its implementation, there are several stages: Opening for 5 minutes, reading Iqro' for 25 minutes, listening to the story for 45 minutes, reflection for 10 minutes, closing for 5 minutes. The last one is evaluation. There are two stages of reflection and observation. For reflection, it is carried out directly after the ustadzah has finished telling the story, and for observation of the results of the learning process, it is notified to the student's guardian once a month. The students are very enthusiastic to hear the story from the ustadzah.

The effects of desk-partition layout on cough droplet dynamics relating to seasonal influenza

The use of physical dividers as control measures for short-range viral transmission in indoor settings has gained increasing attention. However, the understanding regarding their correct usage under different seating arrangements is incomplete. In this study, we focused on assessing the effectiveness of physical dividers in impeding the transient transmission of cough droplets in three representative layouts using the large-eddy simulation technique with the Eulerian–Lagrangian model. We computationally also investigated the effects of ventilation on viral droplet transmission under three representative desk-divider layouts. The ventilation approach was tested using two different ventilation rates (1.0 and 1.8 m/s). A comparative analysis of the ventilation flow fields, topologies, and particle directions has been studied. The findings indicate that the sitting arrangements, ventilation rates, and partition layouts play a significant role in designing effective control measures for indoor infection under the office setup considered. The protected occupied zone ventilation (POV) worked best in situations of low ventilation (1.0 m/s) for cross-partition in protecting the three healthy persons. In addition, the POV performed well for low (1.0 m/s) and high (1.8 m/s) ventilation rates for face-to-face layout. The side-by-side configuration performed poorly for the POV considered in protecting the healthy person seated directly opposite the infected person. The numerical predictions may be used to validate other experimental studies and educate office workers and engineers on indoor airborne infection control.

Probability distributions for stochastic comfort in railway vehicles

Comfort has traditionally been assessed as a single deterministic index that can be assigned to each railway vehicle type (at a given speed on a given track quality level). However, it is now well established that passengers influence vibration and, as a consequence, occupancy level and seating arrangement influence comfort, thus turning it into a stochastic variable. The concept of Compound Comfort, presented in Palomares et al. [Is the standard ride comfort index an actual estimation of railway passenger comfort? Veh Syst Dyn. 2022;1–14. doi: 10.1080/00423114.2022.2148543], is used in this paper to evaluate several train types. Simplified models are used as a first approximation for vibration analysis. Despite model simplicity, since the number of possible seating arrangements is intractable, a Monte Carlo procedure is used to obtain compound comfort probability density distributions from a randomised subset of cases. The results from the work presented here will show that the information provided by stochastic distributions is much richer than a single deterministic index. Nevertheless, obtaining distributions from Monte Carlo tests (numerical or experimental) is impractical for any commercial assessment of comfort. Therefore, an inference procedure is called for and has been devised in order to obtain probability density function parameters from just one tare test, along with ten runs of a half laden test. This recipe has been adapted from one presented previously to be able to accommodate the skewed distributions that emerge when a wide range of train configurations is considered.

Surveying the Social Comfort of Body, Device, and Environment-Based Augmented Reality Interactions in Confined Passenger Spaces Using Mixed Reality Composite Videos

Augmented Reality (AR) headsets could significantly improve the passenger experience, freeing users from the restrictions of physical smartphones, tablets and seatback displays. However, the confined space of public transport and the varying proximity to other passengers may restrict what interaction techniques are deemed socially acceptable for AR users - particularly considering current reliance on mid-air interactions in consumer headsets. We contribute and utilize a novel approach to social acceptability video surveys, employing mixed reality composited videos to present a real user performing interactions across different virtual transport environments. This approach allows for controlled evaluation of perceived social acceptability whilst freeing researchers to present interactions in any simulated context. Our resulting survey (N=131) explores the social comfort of body, device, and environment-based interactions across seven transit seating arrangements. We reflect on the advantages of discreet inputs over mid-air and the unique challenges of face-to-face seating for passenger AR.

Adaptive Workplace with Indoor Health and Comfort Approach Toward Sustainable City

The Covid-19 pandemic has an impact on public health, including workplace occupant. The spread of the coronavirus occurs a lot in the workplace. Indoor health and comfort play an important role in providing a healthy and comfortable workplace. Work patterns during the Covid-19 pandemic have changed with the work from home and physical distancing policies. The arrangement of the workplace interior accompanied by indoor health comfort can affect the work experience of occupant. This study aims to produce an adaptive workplace layout design with an indoor health and comfort approach based on occupant perception toward sustainable city. This study uses mix methods with observation and questionnaire survey techniques. The object of research is ten offices in the Medan city, Indonesia. Observations were made to analyze the layout of the workplace, then questionnaires were distributed to employees to analyze their perceptions of comfort and the application of health protection in the workplace. The variables are lighting, ventilation, temperature and humidity, distance of workbench, and health protection. The results showed that the workplace must provide good air quality with the exchange of air through ventilation. Workbench spacing and the use of barriers are most recommended. A workplace with cubical layouts can be arranged parallel to the desk divider as a screen between desks. Whereas in a workplace with non-cubical layouts, work desks can use zig-zag or non-parallel seating arrangements and dividers between tables. Office buildings should prepare a workplace that concerned with space efficiency and comfortable indoor space.