Seasonal Variation In Proximate Composition Research Articles

Seasonal Variation in Proximate Composition and Fatty Acid Profiles of Three Scorpion Fish from the Mediterranean Sea, Turkey

ABSTRACT The protein, lipid, and fatty acid levels of three fish scorpion caught from Mediterranean changed significantly among the seasons (p <0 .05). The highest protein levels were determined in winter, spring, and summer for S. scrofa and in summer for S. elongata and H. dactylopterus. The highest lipid contents were determined in the spring for S. scrofa and S. elongate and in autumn for H. dactylopterus. The dominant fatty acids for three species were detected as SFA>PUFA > MUFA. As a result, low PUFA/SFA ratios, low EPA levels, and dominant SFAs in the muscle of three species. However, low n6/n3 ratio and high protein, and poor lipid content are nutritionally important.

SEASONAL VARIATION IN PROXIMATE COMPOSITION OF GREEN MUSSEL (Perna viridis, LINN. 1758) FROM MOHESHKHALI CHANNEL, THE BAY OF BENGAL, BANGLADESH

Seasonal variation in proximate composition in immature (&lt;40 mm in length) and mature (&gt;40 mm) green mussel (Perna viridis) from Moheshkhali channel of the Bay of Bengal was studied for one year. The percentage values (dry weight) of protein, carbohydrate, ash and lipid in mature mussels were found to be varied from 52.73 to 70%, 11.02 to 33.24 %, 9.05 to 14.22% and 4.52 to 7.89% respectively. While the immature mussels contained 54.42-64.17%, 17.33-30.11%, and 9.59-11.55% and 5.88-6.95% protein, carbohydrate, ash and lipid respectively. However, no significant variation was noticed in proximate composition between mature and immature mussels. The mature mussels showed prominent seasonal variation than the immature ones. The higher values during the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon periods and the lower values during the monsoon period were found for both the mature and immature mussels. Significant positive correlation between protein and lipid, protein and ash, lipid and ash and negative correlation between protein and carbohydrate, carbohydrate and lipid, carbohydrate and ash in both mature and immature mussels were found.&#x0D;

Seasonal variations in proximate composition and metallic elements of three cyprinids from a Central Himalayan river Alaknanda in Garhwal Himalaya, India

Fish is an irreplaceable, highly nutritious aquatic food in a balanced diet. On the contrary, fish can also be a source of metal contamination when ingested in excess through food and water. The aim of the present study was to determine the seasonal variations in the proximate body composition and levels of Na, K, Ca, Fe, Zn, Cu, and Pb in the muscle tissue of three fish species namely, Schizothorax plagiostomus, Schizothorax progastus and Barilius bendelisis dwelling in Central Himalayan river Alaknanda at Srinagar (Garhwal) in Garhwal Himalaya. The protein (21.01-21.74%) and carbohydrates (2.31-2.69%) were found maximum in summer season in all the studied fishes while lipid was found to be highest during monsoon season in S. plagiostomus (2.73%) and S. progastus (2.70%) and lowest (1.62-1.68%) in the winter season. B. bendelisis showed a different pattern of variation in lipid content being highest (6.32%) during summer and lowest (3.34%) in monsoon season. Significantly (F=5.69, p&lt;0.04) high content of lipid was found in B. bendelisis as compared to S. plagiostomus and S. progastus during the three seasons. Na, Ca, K, and Fe were detected highest during monsoon, Pb, and Cu during summer and Zn during the winter season. However, Pb was not detected in all the fish samples during monsoon season. B. bendelisis was significantly (p&lt;0.001)rich in Na and Ca, S. plagiostomus in K (p&lt;0.01), and S. progastus in Fe (p&lt;0.001) content during all three seasons. Ca was rich among macroelements while Fe among microelements in all the studied fishes. The amount of Zn (1.48-4.55 mg/100g), Cu (0.429-0.869 mg/100g), and Pb (0.117-0.447 mg/100g) were within the permissible limits of International food safety guidelines. The seasonal variations in the parameters are attributed to food availability, temperature changes, fish metabolism, and prevailing environmental conditions. Thus, these cyprinid species were regarded as safe and useful for human consumption.

Sex and seasonal variation in proximate composition and fatty acid profile of &lt;/em&gt;Scomber scombrus&lt;/em&gt; (L. 1758) fillets from the Middle East Coast of Tunisia

This study investigates the impact of season and sex variations on the total lipid contents and fatty acid composition of Scomber scombrus fillets from the Middle East Coast of Tunisia in order to dertermine the most favorable periods for consumption, and to see if the nutritional quality of the meat depends on the sex of the animal. The effect of fishing season induced significant changes in the lipid profile, and the highest values for total lipids were obtained in the spring for females with 13.2% and for males with 18.9%. The highest values for proteins were obtained in the summer for females with 22.0% and for males with 21.8%. Protein content variations were not significant (p &gt; 0.05). The n-3/n-6 ratio showed a significant level, indicating a tendency toward n-3 fatty acid accumulation in mackerel fillets mainly represented by DHA, whose values were high during the study period for both sexes, except in autumun, which is the period of mackerel gonad maturation, when DHA decreased significantly (p &lt; 0.05), reaching 23.2 and 34.0% for males and females, respectively. It was concluded that Scomber scombrus has high levels of proteins, lipids, and fatty acid contents mainly n-3 PUFA. DHA sex variations were not significant (p &gt; 0.05). The Atherogenicity index (AI) and Thrombogenicity index (TI) were calculated. In our study the AI index was comprised between 0.3 and 0.6 for males and between 0.4 and 0.5 for females. The TI index values ranged from 0.6 to 0.8 for males, and was about 0.6 for females.

Seasonal Variations in Proximate Composition of Nine Freshwater Fish

The variation in proximate composition was determined in relation to season and body weight of nine freshwater fish i.e. Mystus vittatus, Ompok bimaculatus, Channa striata, Wallago attu, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, Labeo bata, Labeo calbasu, Cirrhinus reba and Puntius javanicus. The samples were collected in different seasons from different places and divided into small and big body weight groups. Nutritional composition of fish species was determined during the three seasons i.e. S1 (January-April), S2 (May-August) and S3 (September-December) of the year. Protein content ranged from 12.52–19.19% among the species on wet weight basis. Protein content was higher (P 100 g) during January-April. Protein, fat and ash content of P. javanicus was higher (P 100 g) during S3 (September-December). Protein content was higher (P 500 g) size group. Fat content of the L. bata was higher (P 100g size group during S1 (January-April). Protein content was higher in W. attu of >1000 g size group during S2 (May-August). P. hypopthalamus of (>1000 g) size group revealed that fat content was higher (P<0.01) during S3 (September-December). Thus, Indian freshwater fish are rich in protein, fat and ash contents and qualify as health food though there were some seasonal variations in proximate composition within the fish species.

Seasonal Changes in the Chemical Composition of the Beadlet Anemones (Actinia equina) from Mersin Bay, Northeastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey

In this study, the effects of seasonal variation in proximate composition and fatty acid profile as a component of chemical compositions of Mediterranean Sea anemone species (Actinia equina L.,1758) living in Mersin Bay were investigated. Chemical composition analysis of anemone samples showed that while the highest levels of protein and water were obtained in winter, the highest lipid and total mineral substance (TMS) levels were obtained in autumn. In terms of fatty acid analysis, during all four seasons the dominant saturated fatty acids (SFA) were palmitic (C16:0) and stearic acids (C18:0), the dominant monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were oleic (C18:1n9) and vaccenic acids (C18:1n7) and the dominant polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were linoleic acids (C18:2n6), linolenic acid (C18:3n3), gamma linolenic acid (C18:3n6), arachidonic acid (C20:4n6), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n3) for A. equina. The highest values of gamma linolenic acid, EPA and DHA levels were obtained in autumn as 0.44%, 14.83% and 14.10%, respectively.

Seasonal Variation in Proximate Composition and Fatty Acid Profile of Grey Triggerfish (Balistes capriscus) Captured Along the Coast of Portugal

Proximate composition (ash, moisture, total protein, and fat contents) and fatty acid profile of Balistes capriscus (grey triggerfish) were assessed over a 6-months period (April to September, 2011) in animals captured along the coast of Peniche (Portugal). High protein (18.9% to 21.4%) and low lipid (0.5% to 0.8%) contents were determined. The highest lipid level was found in June-captured animals. High proportions of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) were observed (53.87 ± 2.00%) together with substantial quantities of oleic acid (27.58 ± 1.09%) and palmitic acid (16.52 ± 0.93%). Docosahexaenoic acid accounted for 77% of the total PUFA and was 7 times more abundant than eicosapentaenoic acid, and the n-3/n-6 ratio was 7.2. Gender did not influence lipid levels and the fatty acid profile, but seasonal variations were observed for PUFA and monounsaturated fatty acid contents. Overall, the nutritional properties of this underexploited species may be comparable to those of other lean fish species with higher economic value.

Variación estacional de la composición proximal del mejillón Tagelus peruvianus (Bivalvia: Solecurtidae) del Golfo de Nicoya, Puntarenas, Costa Rica

Marine bivalves are a very important food source for human consumption, and species that has not been of traditional use as a fishery resource are gaining interest. Seasonal variation in proximate composition, condition index and energy or caloric content of the mussel Tagelus peruvianus were studied in the Gulf of Nicoya, Puntarenas, Costa Rica. From November 2007 to October 2008, a total of 35 to 40 specimens per month were collected. The proximate composition using the AOAC methods was determined. Results showed that the condition index during December, January and May decreased, indicative of two spawning periods and one gonadal resting phase. Soft tissues were respectively characterized by protein (61.9 +/- 4.3%), carbohydrates (15.7 +/- 2.4%), ash (14.0 +/- 1.9%) and lipids (8.5 +/- 1.7%). The average caloric content was 5.0 +/- 0.1 kcal/g. The results showed that the decrease in protein and fat percentage, and calories content, occurred during the spawning seasons. We suggest that T. peruvianus has an optimal nutritional value for human consumption because of the low-fat and moderate protein content.

Seasonal evaluation of nutritional benefits of two fish species in the eastern Mediterranean Sea

SummaryFish are a good nutritional source of proteins, essential fatty acids and minerals. Societies with high fish intake have lower rates of acute myocardial infarctions and atherosclerosis, better cognitive functions, and better neural and visual development in foetuses. In the present work, we evaluated seasonal variation in proximate composition of two commercial fish species, the rabbitfish Siganus rivulatus, an algaevore, and the white sea bream Diplodus sargus, a carnivore from the eastern Mediterranean. Fifteen fish were collected on the second weekend of each of 8 months covering the four seasons. Results show that the nutritive value of a species of fish varies throughout the year. Furthermore, rabbitfish tissue generally contains more lipids than white sea bream, and fillet yield from rabbitfish is greater than from sea bream. As both fish are sold at a similar price in Lebanese markets, results suggest that rabbitfish offers better value for the price than does white sea bream.

Atlantic Mackerel (Scomber scombrus, L): Seasonal Variation in Proximate Composition and Distribution of Chemical Nutrients

ABSTRACTThe chemical components of Atlantic Mackerel (Scomber scombrus) were investigated. An average of 53.5% of the fish consisted of edible portions, with more than 16% protein. PER values for raw and cooked muscles were 3.7 and 3.1, respectively, with casein being 2.5. The amino acid profile indicated equal or above average values for the essential amino acids when compared to casein. Lipid levels varied seasonally with the moisture content in various edible portions. A 1:3 ratio of saturated to polyunsaturated fatty acids was observed in this species. Sodium levels were 0.07% on a wet basis which suggests inclusion of this species in low sodium diets.

SEASONAL VARIATION AND’ FROZEN STORAGE STABILITY OF BLUE MUSSFLS (Myths edulis)

ABSTRACTProximate composition of blue mussels Mytilus edulis collected in Duxbury Bay, Duxbury, MA, was determined monthly on fresh mussels and after frozen storage. There was seasonal variation in proximate composition. This seasonal variation in the blue mussel affects the freezer life of the cooked product. Mussels harvested in the spring retain their sensory acceptability for longer than fall or winter mussels. Frozen storage does not affect the composition of the initial product, fat, moisture, ash and extractable protein remaining constant over frozen storage.