Search Of Literature Sources Research Articles

ВЛИЯНИЕ ВНУТРИКОРОНКОВОГО ОТБЕЛИВАНИЯ НА МИКРОТВЕРДОСТЬ ДЕНТИНА: КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ С ОБЗОРОМ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ

Aim. Analysis of literature sources about the effect of intracoronal bleaching on the microhardness of dentin, as well as demonstration of a clinical case of successful correction of tooth discoloration caused by endodontic sealant using the method of intracoronal bleaching with a one-year follow-up period. Materials and methods. A search of literature sources was carried out in the PubMed, Google Scholar, CyberLeninka databases on September 24, 2023 using keywords. Articles in English and Russian were selected for analysis. Inclusion criteria: original articles, in vitro and in situ studies, studies on extracted human teeth, studies that assessed dentin microhardness. As a result of the search, 11 sources were found in the PubMed database, 171 in the scientific electronic library e-library, and 2 in the CyberLeninka database. After eliminating duplication and assessing the inclusion/non-inclusion criteria, 7 literary sources remained. The presented clinical case demonstrates the successful correction of discoloration caused by endodontic sealant using intracoronal bleaching with 35 % hydrogen peroxide gel. Results. When analyzing the literature, laboratory studies revealed various conditions that make it possible to reduce the negative effect of the bleaching agent on dentin tissue, namely activation with an ultraviolet lamp, addition of a dye, and treatment with fluoride varnish after bleaching. In the clinical case, the desired shade was achieved in three bleaching procedures, then the existing defective restoration was replaced with a new shade-matching one. During the year of observation, there was no return of color, the aesthetic result was assessed as stable, the patient expressed high satisfaction with the result obtained. Conclusion. The intracoronal bleaching procedure can have a negative effect of varying severity on dentin microhardness. Identifying approaches that reduce this impact is a promising direction for future research. The clinical case demonstrates that intracoronal bleaching provides acceptable esthetic results and high patient satisfaction.

Critical Steps and Conditions to Be Included in a Business Model in Logistics, Seeking Competitive Advantage from the Perspective of the Modern Digital Age and Industry 4.0

The main purpose of this study is to research the literature and examine how logistics companies can effectively integrate modern digital technologies of Industry 4.0 internally and then present the most critical steps and conditions that determine the successful operation of an innovative business model in logistics, as well as the expected benefits of this process. This study was written entirely as a literature review. Four steps of literature review research were completed: (a) initial formulation of the problem, (b) search of literature sources, (c) selection and evaluation of articles, and d) final classification and presentation of data. The results show that the most critical steps and conditions that contribute to the successful adoption of new Industry 4.0 technologies in the business models of logistics companies are Business Model Innovation, Digital Transformation, Quality 4.0, Human Resource Management, and Logistics 4.0. These critical prerequisites and Industry 4.0 architecture are now at the forefront of logistics, proving the key role they play in modernizing a business and gaining competitive advantage, and to fully reap these benefits, businesses must be prepared to adapt their organizational culture, embrace change, and invest in the necessary resources.

Current Aspects of Regenerative Endodontics: A Systematic Review

Relevance. The modern concept of endodontic treatment in most clinical cases involves extirpation of the pulp with the loss of its plastic, trophic, sensory, and protective functions. In this regard, the search for ways to recreate lost cells and the main substance of the pulp and periodontium to replace the intraradicular space with “vital” tissue. Regenerative endodontics based on the principles of tissue engineering and offers techniques for restoring damaged tissues of the pulp-dentin complex based on the use of stem cells, growth factors, and an organic matrix. Aim. Systematize information presented in scientific articles about research conducted, opportunities and development prospects in the field of regenerative endodontics. Materials and methods. A search of literature sources was carried out in the PubMed, dissercat.com, elibrary database.ru, cyberleninka.ru, by keywords, “regenerative endodontics”, “stem cells”, “growth factors”, “pulp-dentin complex” with a choice of article types “Clinical Trial”, “Meta-Analysis”, “Review”, "Systematic Review". Results. After analyzing the literature review, an idea was obtained about the current stage of development of regenerative endodontics, preclinical and clinical studies on the restoration of the pulp-dentin complex. Clinical cases based on the triad of regenerative endodontics are presented, as well as an algorithm for performing these therapeutic procedures. Conclusions. Regenerative endodontics is a rapidly developing discipline whose clinical advances are primarily related to the treatment of immature tooth roots, which results in continued root development. Subsequent scientific research is aimed at obtaining significant results in the treatment of a fully formed permanent tooth, which will ensure a unique restoration of the immunological, sensory and protective properties of the pulp-dentine complex.

Functional transcranial dopplerography is a diagnostic tool for cognitive impairment syndrome

Functional transcranial dopplerography (FTCD) is a non-invasive ultrasound examination that allows recording the dynamics of cerebral blood flow parameters under conditions of factors stimulated the activity of the structures of the central nervous system. Judgments about the sensitivity and specificity of FTCD are based on the close connection between changes in the activity of the nervous (somatic) system and the response of regional cerebral blood flow (CBF). The technique is a portable and accessible diagnostic method used in assessing the possibility of expanding functional activity during the recovery period after a stroke. An increase in mental activity in response to the presentation of a cognitive task, accompanied by an increase in glucose and oxygen consumption and naturally requiring an increase in cerebral perfusion parameters, can also be assessed by changes in regional blood flow parameters while maintaining the reactive mechanisms of autoregulation. A search of literature sources was carried out in the electronic databases PubMed and Scopus. For the subject search, Medical Subject Headings were used. A total of 36 sources that mentioned the terms «cognitive function» and «functional transcranial Doppler» were selected for preliminary analysis. At the present stage, methodological problems are obvious, requiring the development and implementation of a standard package of targeted functional tests to assess cognitive status. Available equipment and software require technological solutions to ensure objective recording of changes in cerebral blood flow during testing and training.

Эссенциальная младенческая эзотропия

Relevance. Essential infantile esotropia (EIE) is the most common type of childhood strabismus. The incidence of EIE varies on average from 0.1 to 1.0% in the general population of children, which is significant for timely diagnosis and provision of appropriate assistance to this category of patients. The exact etiology of infantile essential esotropia remains unknown, but historically a number of conflicting theories have been proposed. Purpose. To summarize the accumulated experience in the field of studying EIE to determine the optimal path to achieving the main goal of treatment – achieving orthoposition with the subsequent formation of binocular vision in this category of patients. Material and methods. To complete the review, a search of literature sources was carried out in the PubMed and Scopus abstract databases for the period up to 2022 inclusive. A total of 32 articles relevant to the review topic were selected and analyzed. Results. Having analyzed the literature data, we can conclude that today there is no unified classification of infant essential esotropia, but a certain symptom complex of clinical manifestations has been identified that are pathognomonic for this type of strabismus. Usually, EIE manifests in the first 6 months of life, appears a large horizontal esodeviation, may be accompanied by latent nystagmus, compensatory head rotation, and cross-fixation syndrome. This type of strabismus occurs in infants with normal age-related refraction and normal neurological status. The clinical approach to tactics and methods of treatment of infantile esotropia varies widely in the strabismus world. There are conflicting opinions regarding the following issues: the optimal timing for the operation, the most effective type of operation, and what determines the favorable outcome of the treatment of essential congenital esotropia. Conclusion. Many aspects of EIE remain controversial and poorly defined. To optimally realize the main goal of EIE treatment – achieving orthoposition with the subsequent formation of binocular vision – is a feasible task, which will soon find a solution. Key words: essential infantile esotropia, latent nystagmus, cross fixation syndrome, binocular vision

New approaches to radio- and chemosensitization using proton pump inhibitors through the lens of tumor cell microenvironment patterns

Background. Chaotic and improper angiogenesis in the tumor tissue causes deficit in O2 perfusion in tumors, a decreased capacity to deliver nutrients and remove metabolism products from cells, creating preconditions for the formation of hypoxic and alkaline microenvironment which drives tumor progression, invasion and metastases. Recent studies have shown that the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) increases sensitivity of the tumor cells that are resistant to cytotoxic drugs and radiation therapy.
 Purpose – to provide insight into the modern data on the possibilities of the use of proton pump inhibitors for overcoming radio- and chemoresistance.
 Materials and methods. The selection of publications was performed in such databases as Pubmed, eBook Business Collection, Clinical Key Elsevier, Cochrane Library in which the data on the ways of overcoming radio- and chemoresistance of tumor cells using PPIs were described. At the first stage, the search of literature sources was carried out by the following keywords: radioresistance, proton pump inhibitors, tumor cell microenvironment. At the second stage, the abstracts of the articles were studied, and those publications that did not match the criteria of our work were excluded. At the third stage, full texts of the selected articles were studied for relevance and eligibility to be included in the references.
 Results and discussion. The modulation of the acidic tumor cell microenvironment is a prospective direction of antitumor treatment. The abnormal pH-gradient between the extracellular environment and the cell cytoplasm is mediated by different ion/proton pumps, including vacuolar H+-ATPase, Na+/H– exchangers, monocarboxylate transporters, carbonic anhydrases, etc. Several studies have revealed that PPIs inhibit not only the H+/K+-ATPase in gastric parietal cells, but also the vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) overexpressed in tumor cells. The addition of PPIs to treatment regimen has demonstrated effectiveness in tumor processes of different localization, including those in colorectal cancer, ovarian cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, and breast cancer.
 Conclusions. The obtained data from the analysis of literature sources indicate the potential of conducting preclinical and clinical trials of the effectiveness of PPIs as the new radio- and chemosensitizing drugs in Ukraine.

Endothelium state in Ph-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms

Thrombotic complications contribute significantly in morbidity and mortality of patients with Ph-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) including polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, and primary myelofibrosis. Vascular endothelium is essential component of hemostatic system, and its functionality failure plays important role in prothrombotic states development. This review comprises analysis of available data on assessment of endothelium state characteristics in Ph-negative MPN and their detection with different methods. The search of literature sources was carried out using PubMed and eLibrary databases. The analysis of research results obtained with the use of different estimation techniques indicates that patients with Ph-negative MPN are characterized by endothelium activation, damage, and, consequently, dysfunction. Endothelium abnormalities associated with myeloproliferation have an effect on all endothelial functions fulfillment. Endothelial dysfunction represents important component of thrombosis pathogenesis in Ph-negative MPN.

Long head of the biceps tendon ruptures treatment: literature review

Ignas Floreskul1, Dainius Misevičius1, Jokūbas Vitkus1 1 Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Academy of Medicine, Kaunas, Lithuania Abstract The long head of the biceps tendon is a common site of anterior shoulder pain. The complex anatomical position often causes ruptures associated with rotator cuff lesions. These ruptures require clinical evaluation and appropriate treatment. When conservative treatment is not possible, two main surgical procedures are chosen: tenotomy and tenodesis. Both of these methods achieve effective clinical results, although in clinical practice there is still a dilemma in choosing one of them. Tenodesis is technically more complex and, even though it requires longer rehabilitation, does not cause cosmetic defects. Tenotomy is simpler, faster, and less invasive. Aim: evaluation of the advantages of tenodesis and tenotomy by analyzing clinical outcomes. Methods: the search of literature sources was carried out using these databases: Pubmed, UpToDate, Medline and ScienceDirect. Used keywords: „biceps“, „tenotomy“, „tenodesis“, „rotator cuff“, „long head of the biceps tendon“, „rotator cuff injuries“, „shoulder“. The newest articles, representing the topic were analyzed. The article provides a comprehensive review of the analyzed literature on biceps long tendon treatment by tenodesis and tenotomy methods. Conclusions: In majority of the literature reviewed, the results of ASES, CMS, and VAS do not differ between both tenotomy and tenodesis. The most important difference is the Popeye deformation, which was statistically more common after tenotomy in all the literature reviewed. The flexion and rotation force of the forearm also did not differ between the outcomes of the two surgical treatments in most of the studies. Keywords: tenodesis, tenotomy, rotator cuff, biceps. https://doi.org/10.53453/ms.2021.06.14

Chemistry at the 2′ Position of Constituent Nucleotides Controls Degradation Pathways of Highly Modified Oligonucleotide Molecules

A forced degradation study of a proprietary short interfering RNA (siRNA) molecule most of whose constituent nucleotides have been modified at the 2' position was conducted to assess degradation pathways and stability liabilities. The siRNA was subjected to various conditions as a solid and in solution followed by analysis with reverse-phase ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Positional isomers of degradants gave rise to multiple chromatographic peaks with identical masses. In some instances, the exact location of a modification was elucidated, but in most cases although the identity of the nucleotide affected was proposed with a high degree of confidence, its position within the oligonucleotide sequence was not determined. Reaction mechanisms were proposed for all observed major degradants based on reverse-phase ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry data generated in this laboratory and a search of literature sources. This work demonstrates that the chemistry at the 2' position of constituent nucleotides controls degradation pathways of highly modified siRNA molecules under various conditions and that classes of degradants can be predicted with a fair amount of confidence. A table of mass differences is presented that can be used as an aid to making partial structural assignments in oligonucleotide molecules containing similarly modified nucleotides.