Sleep problems can harmfully affect every aspect of a child’s physical and psychological health, which has been recognized as a public issue in the whole world. While several studies in English shed some light on sleep problems among Chinese children, there exist similar studies in Chinese. These may be unavailable to non-Chinese practitioners and researchers due to the language barrier. The current study is to make a comprehensive review of these studies to bridge the gap. Electronic searches of the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), the most comprehensive search engine in China, were conducted by two authors. The time period for the searches was 1974 to June 2013. Keywords included ”sleep”, ”sleep disorder”, ”sleep problems”, ”sleep disturbances”, ”infant”, ”child”, ”nursling”, ”preschool-aged children”, ”pupil”, ”school-aged children” and extensions of these terms. A total of 553 potential studies were initially identified, but only 98 studies met the criteria for this review: the child’s age was from 0 to 18; studies published in Chinese language. The selected studies can be organized into four major categories: Review of the current studies abroad ( n = 10). Survey research ( n = 62) subdivided into three subcategories: survey among general participants ( n = 47), survey aimed at the special group who were fat, poor or suffering from diseases ( n = 15), correlation analysis between sleep disorder and other characteristics ( n = 13). Studies of some sleep disorders ( n = 13) and 2 case studies. In general, the majority are based on studies abroad and lack empirical research. Except for questionnaires, only 4 of them have applied other methods such as EEG. While there is no uniform conclusion on the characteristics, influencing factors, and incidence rate of sleep problems in different areas of China, some common results do exist: sleep problems and short sleep patterns are common in Chinese children. Different ages and stages indicated different developmental features. The main influencing factors were family environment, pregnancy state, sleep habits, biological factors, parental pattern, and so forth. Although studies in the Chinese language regarding pediatric sleep problems are relatively limited, they definitely contribute to research and clinical settings of sleep medicine. Further endeavors should include making existing studies in Chinese language available to non-Chinese researchers and practitioners, and publishing new studies in Chinese, English and other languages. We thank the previous researchers whose studies made our review possible.