Scrotal Calcinosis Research Articles

A Clinicopathological Study of Scrotal Calcinosis and Literature Review.

Objective. We aimed to investigate the clinicopathological features and pathogenesis of scrotal calcinosis. Methods. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained slides were performed on 14 patients with scrotal calcinosis, and the clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed together with clinical data. Meanwhile, 81 patients with extrascrotal calcinosis cutis and 7480 patients with epidermoid cysts without calcification in the skin of various parts of the body were collected and analyzed to explore the etiology and pathogenesis of scrotal calcinosis in conjunction with the literature review. Results. All our patients were adult men with a mean age of 38.2 years, with clinical manifestations of multiple scrotal nodules of varying sizes, microscopically characterized by intradermal calcium deposits, of which 3 lesions had a cystic cavity lined with squamous epithelium. Conclusions. Scrotal calcinosis is a rare benign disease that presents clinically as single or multiple hard nodules in the scrotum, usually asymptomatic, and it is histopathologically characterized by intradermal calcium deposition. There is still controversy as to whether it is idiopathic. We believe that scrotal calcinosis is not idiopathic and originates from epidermoid cysts. Prolonged local compression or injury may be one reason for the development of calcification, and perhaps there are other unknown factors contributing to the development of the disease. Surgical excision is the main treatment for this disease with satisfactory therapeutic effectiveness.

Excessive collagen fiber deposition in idiopathic scrotal calcinosis: a case report

BackgroundIdiopathic scrotal calcinosis (ISC) is a manifestation of idiopathic calcinosis cutis, and its etiology is still unknown.Case presentationWe report a 36-year-old patient manifested multiple gradually increasing yellowish-white scrotal nodules with occasional itching and stinging in the past 6 years and was successfully cured via surgical excision. The laboratory test combined with pathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of ISC. Like pathological calcinosis in other soft tissues, a large amount of collagen fiber deposition was observed around the calcification nodule, suggesting that abnormal collagen fiber deposition might be an important factor leading to idiopathic calcinosis in the scrotum. Moreover, koilocytes, which indicate human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, were also detected around calcified nodules, indicating the potential pathogenic role of HPV infection in ISC.ConclusionsHere, we report that ISC shows abnormal excessive deposition of collagen fibers around calcified nodules, which may be a vital factor contributing to the disease. Furthermore, combined with the literature review, a new pathogenic mechanism of ISC is proposed, and the site specificity of scrotal calcinosis is explained, providing a basis for further exploration of the pathogenic mechanism of ISC.

Scrotal Calcinosis: A Comprehensive Case Report with Literature Review

Scrotal Calcinosis: A Comprehensive Case Report with Literature Review

A comprehensive study on idiopathic scrotal calcinosis: pathological features, treatment approaches, and future directions.

A comprehensive study on idiopathic scrotal calcinosis: pathological features, treatment approaches, and future directions.

Scrotal calcinosis cutis an unrelated finding in benign prostatic hyperplasia patient, is treatment sine qua non? A case report

Calcinosis cutis is a reactive and nonmalignant lesion characterized by solitary or multiple cutaneous nodules that can affect different parts of the body including the scrotum among other structures. Treatment is often sought because of cosmesis, itching, or pain. Despite this, it remains unclear or unimaginable why patients will be reluctant to accept treatment in the face of disfigurement. Several reasons have been documented, but the fear of genital mutilation from open surgical intervention is an unfamiliar reason advanced by the index case for declining open surgical intervention. Its diagnosis requires careful clinical evaluation and is confirmed by lesional biopsy for histological confirmation. This is a case of a 50-year-old trader who presented to our facility with a 35-year history of multiple, painless scrotal nodules and difficulty in passing urine for six months’ duration. He was diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with the indication for surgical therapy and idiopathic scrotal calcinosis cutis. He consented and had endoscopic therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) but was reluctant to open surgical intervention for idiopathic scrotal calcinosis cutis despite disfigurement because of the fear of genital mutilation. The current treatment options include follow-up observation, medications, cryotherapy, laser, and surgical excision, depending on the patient’s choice, availability, and surgical expertise. The surgical option is often favored and encouraged due to its associated reduced chances of recurrence. Therefore, it is pertinent to respect the patient’s opinion and should override other considerations in clinical practice. The lesson herein can assist other clinicians in avoiding justifiable medical litigations, hence, the need for this case report and a review of the literature.

Extensive scrotal calcinosis in a young adult

Scrotal calcinosis is a rare condition characterized by the presence of multiple calcified nodules within the scrotal skin. These nodules are usually painless and benign but can cause significance cosmetic concern and physiological distress due to their appearance. The exact cause is not well understood, but it is believed to be associated with deposition of calcium salts in the soft tissue. It is commonly seen in middle aged adults. We present a case involving a 30 year old male patient who presented with multiple, painless nodular swellings over the scrotum that had gradually increased in size and number since 9 years. The patients medical history did not reveal any metabolic, inflammatory, or systemic conditions, nor any history of trauma. Local examination revealed multiple, firm, painless, subcutaneous nodules within the scrotal wall with no ulcerations (Figure 1). Testis were normal and there was no inguinal lymphadenopathy. All the routine blood investigations were done and a Xray of pelvis was done which showed multiple calcified lesions over the scrotum

Scrotal Calcinosis: A New Observation and Review of the Literature

Scrotal calcinosis is a rare condition of still highly debated etiology, manifested by the appearance of scrotal nodules. Although benign, this pathology can have a significant impact on patients' quality of life. We report on our experience in the management of a case of scrotal calcinosis in a young patient treated by surgical excision, and after a review of the literature, we discuss the ethiopathogenic, clinical and anatomopathological aspects of this rare pathology.

Scrotal Calcinosis Managed at Zinvie Hospital in Benin: Review of the Literature

Background: Scrotal calcinosis is a rare idiopathic pathology. The aim of our study was to describe the etiopathogenic and therapeutic aspects of scrotal calcinosis. Case Report: This was a 38-year-old patient who consulted us for painless nodules of the scrotum that had been evolving for 15 years and who was seeking treatment for aesthetic reasons. Clinical and paraclinical examination led to the diagnosis of scrotal calcinosis. A scrotal excision, including all lesions, and a scrotal plasty were performed. The diagnosis of scrotal calcinosis was confirmed by histopathological examination of the surgical specimen. Postoperative follow-up was straightforward after 18 months. Conclusion: Scrotal calcinosis is a rare and benign condition. The etiology remains unclear, and treatment is limited to surgical excision of the nodules, which also restores the aesthetics of the bursa. However, the risk of recurrence is not zero.

Scrotal calcinosis- A rare condition diagnosed on FNAC

Scrotal calcinosis is a rare condition characterised by single or multiple hard, painless nodules in the scrotal skin. It is uncommon and subtype of calcinosis cutis. It appears mainly in men aged 20‑40 years of age as hard, yellowish nodules varying in size (1 mm to several centimetres). They are usually asymptomatic; however, may be complicated with heaviness, itching or discharge. FNAC (Fine needle aspiration cytology) can prove to be a useful tool for diagnosis of this rare disorder. A diagnosis by FNAC may at times be comforting for the patient and the treating Doctor and can help avoid unnecessary surgery. Reports on this issue are sparse and thus we are reporting uncommon condition of scrotal calcinosis diagnosed on FNAC rarely used to diagnose this condition.

Idiopathic giant scrotal calcinosis: a rare case report and literature review

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/HwWU4JYsovA Background: Scrotal calcinosis is a rare abnormality of external genitalia. To date, the pathogenesis of this con is still debated. However, reconstructive surgical therapy is still the treatment of choice in managing this disease. This case report presents our experience in performing extensive excision followed by reconstruction of scrotal defects in patients diagnosed with scrotal calcinosis. Case Presentation: A 62-year-old healthy man was referred to our department with multiple nodules on the testicular sac that did not cause symptoms but began to disrupt his quality of life. The diagnosis was made by physical examination, and anatomic pathology examination results from a needle biopsy that had been done before. Extensive excision of the scrotum lesion was followed by defect closure. There were no significant intraoperative or postoperative. The procedure was uneventful, and the reconstruction results showed satisfying results. Conclusion: Scrotal calcinosis is an uncommon skin disease caused by insoluble calcium salts accumulated in scrotal skin tissue. Although the origin and etiology of scrotal calcinosis are debatable, surgical excision is the preferred treatment with a low recurrence rate and good cosmetic results.

Idiopathic Scrotal Calcinosis: Surgical Treatment of a Rare Cutaneous Disorder

Idiopathic scrotal calcinosis is a rare, painless and benign disease characterized by the presence of multiple painless calcified nodules of the scrotum with no abnormalities of phosphocalcic metabolism. The main reason for consult among patients is the aesthetic discomfort. Histology shows basophilic calcium deposits in the scrotal dermis and calcified fibroids surrounded by foreign body giant cell granulomas. Treatment is based on surgical removal of the nodules. We report the case of a 27-year-old patient with no notable pathological history who consulted for multiple cystic nodular lesions of the scrotum, painless and non- infected, with no notion of previous trauma, evolving for 12 years. The patient underwent surgical removal of the scrotal nodules under local anesthesia. No recurrence was noted; the follow-up was one year. After a review of the literature, we discuss the pathogenic, clinical and therapeutic aspects of this poorly understood pathology.

Cavernosal abscess and primary scrotal calcinosis in the diabetic patient: A case report and review of literature

Abstract A cavernosal abscess is a rare urological condition to occur. It is classified as primary and secondary. The primary is mostly idiopathic, whereas the secondary is associated with some precipitating factors. Most of the cases were diagnosed clinically. In some cases, imaging such as an ultrasound of the local region or magnetic resonance imaging may be required. Cavernosal abscesses can be treated using a minimally invasive procedure such as image-guided drainage or incision and drainage along with systemic antibiotics. A 52-year-old uncircumscribed uncontrolled diabetic patient presented with a complaint of swelling in the penile region for the 1-week duration. He also complains of pain in the penile region for a 5-day duration. He is a known case of type 2 diabetes on oral hypoglycemic drugs for the past 2 years. Clinical examination confirmed the diagnosis of cavernosal abscess. The patient underwent circumcision with incision and drainage of abscess under higher antibiotic coverage (vancomycin and metronidazole). The patient underwent local excision of primary scrotal calcinosis after 1 month. The patient is followed up for more than 2 years without any evidence of recurrence or impotence. The cavernosal abscess is one of the rare urological conditions, which needs immediate surgical intervention to reduce future complications such as erectile dysfunction and recurrent abscess. Uncontrolled diabetes has a high chance of developing cavernosal abscesses even without precipitating factors.

SCROTAL CALCINOSIS: CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Idiopathic scrotal calcinosis is a rare benign disorder of the scrotal skin. It consists of multiple nodules of the scrotal skin with no evident underlying cause, often with normal calcium and phosphate metabolism. The pathogenesis of scrotal calcinosis is still controversial. Metabolic and hormonal work-up needs to rule out other causes. Surgical excision is the choice of treatment both for conrming the diagnosis as well as for treatment. More studies need to be carried out on the best option for scrotal reconstruction

Idiopathic Calcinosis Cutis Presenting As Multiple Sebaceous Cysts - A Case Study and Review of Literature

We report a case of 41 years old male, medically free presenting with multiple hard nodules of varying sizes in the scrotum for last 18 years. The diagnosis of sebaceous cysts was made initially. The patient underwent day care surgery for the removal of nodules. The diagnosis of scrotal calcinosis was made on histopathological examination of the specimen.

Scrotal Calcinosis in Juvenile Systemic Sclerosis.

Calcinosis cutis is the deposition of insoluble calcium in the skin and subcutaneous tissues, frequently associated with autoimmune connective tissue diseases, including systemic sclerosis (SSc).1 Calcinosis in SSc presents as subcutaneous nodules of variable size and shape, most frequently on the fingers, but can also affect other locations.2.

Calcinosis escrotal idiopática: Reporte de un caso.

Calcium participates in many physiological processes. Calcinosis cutis is a disease caused by calcium deposition in the dermis. Idiopathic scrotal calcinosis (ICS) is a common form of idiopathic calcinosis cutis. A 28-year-old male patient was evaluated, with symptoms of multiple white masses in the scrotum, of various sizes, not painful. Calcium and phosphorus levels were with-in normal ranges, characteristic of idiopathic calcinosis, while vitamin D and PTH were outside the normal limits. Minor surgery was performed on circum-scribed nodular lesions of various sizes with regular borders. Post-biopsy histo-logical examination confirmed the diagnosis of calcinosis cutis. A low-calcium diet was prescribed as a long-term preventive method. Despite the infrequency of this condition, it should be taken into account when making a differential diagnosis. Its etiology is still unknown and it can present asymptomatically. The important thing is to provide the patient with a better quality of life, avoid discomfort and low self-esteem due to the aesthetic aspect.

Giant idiopathic scrotal calcinosis: an exceptional case report in Mauritania

Abstract Background Scrotal calcinosis is a rare idiopathic and benign condition, first described over a century ago by Lewinski. We report an exceptional case due to its size of a scrotal calcinosis. Case presentation Our patient is a 60-year-old African man with no remarkable medical history who complains of a large scrotal mass that has been evolving for 20 years and which had been causing discomfort and sexual problems. We performed a one-step surgical excision of the scrotal mass. Histopathological evaluation of the specimen confirms scrotal calcinosis. Calcium and phosphate blood tests are within normal range. There has been no recurrence after a one-year follow-up. Conclusions Scrotal calcinosis is a rare and benign condition whose treatment is surgical once diagnosed and has a good prognosis.

IDIOPATHIC SCROTAL CALCINOSIS :REPORT OF A LESSER KNOWN ENTITY

Idiopathic Scrotal Calcinosis is a well-known entity since 1883. Controversial etiopathogenesis and rare occurrence make it an unusual lesion. It is a benign dystrophic calcication of scrotal dermis and surgical excision is the treatment. We present a case of a 52 years old male who presented with a single itchy scrotal nodule which on histopathological examination was diagnosed to be Idiopathic Scrotal Calcinosis.

Clinical aspects and management of scrotal calcinosis

Scrotal calcinosis is a benign idiopathic cutaneous calcinosis characterized by the presence of calcified nodules of the scrotal skin. The aim of the study is to report the clinical, histological and therapeutic aspects. This was a prospective descriptive study from 2014 to 2020 in the department of urology. Patients were included, aged at least 15years, consulting for nodules of the scrotal skin whose clinical and paraclinical assessment concluded to scrotal calcinosis. The variables studied were clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary. Informed consent of the patients and anonymity in the use of scientific photographs were observed. In 6years, 8 cases of scrotal calcinosis were diagnosed and operated on, i.e. 1.3 per year. The average age of the patients was 36.2years. The average age of the lesions was 4.2years, the general condition was good (n=8). The unsightly appearance (n=5), pruritus (n=2), recommendation of the spouse (n=2), psychological trauma (n=5), and fear of cancerous degeneration (n=3) were the reasons for consultation. The lesions were scattered or in clusters. Serologies were positive: HIV (n=2), chlamydia (n=4) and syphilis (n=3). Treatment was surgical (n=8). Histological analysis concluded to scrotal calcinosis. The average hospital stay was 2days. The mean time to complete healing was 19.6days without recurrence. Scrotal calcinosis is a benign, rare idiopathic pathology. The treatment is surgical.

Multiple nodules in the scrotal wall

Herein, we report a rare case of extensive ISC. It affects dark‐colored skin men aged from 20 to 40 years old, suggesting an ethnic susceptibility. Pathogenesis of scrotal calcinosis remains controversial.