Screw Turbine Research Articles

Numerical Investigation of Archimedes Screw Turbines under Low-Head Conditions

The development of screw turbines for micro-hydro power generation has garnered heightened interest lately, attributed to their capability to perform efficiently despite low head and low discharge. The present numerical work aims to evaluate the prospect of low-head water energy widely available in the Aceh region. In this region, the Archimedes Screw turbine is the most commonly used. In the present numerical study, the characteristics of the Archimedes screw turbine were studied under the constant of the head of 1 meter and the inclination angle of 30o, with the flow rate served as the varying parameter. In the simulation, a three-dimensional numerical investigation of pressure characteristics, flow velocity, and kinetic energy turbulence due to the change in the flow rates was carried out using the Navier-Stokes equations. Next, the turbulence model of K-Epsilon was also implemented. The comparisons between the experimental and the simulation results were carried out to ensure the accuracy of the simulation model, and the results indicated that the changes in flow rates have a marked influence on pressure distribution, the flow velocity field, and turbulent kinetic energy. It was found that the performance of the Archimedes double screw turbine was improved by increasing the flow rate due to the uniform distribution of pressure, flow velocity, and turbulent kinetic energy. Moreover, the optimum condition was achieved in a turbine with 8 screws. Therefore, maintaining the inflow rate is crucial as it significantly impacts the efficiency of the Archimedes Screw Turbine.

Design of Archimedes screw turbine: exploring the influence of pitch ratio, radius ratio, and inclination angle on outer diameter size

Design of Archimedes screw turbine: exploring the influence of pitch ratio, radius ratio, and inclination angle on outer diameter size

SCADA implementation in microhydro power plant control and monitoring systems of screw turbine type

Screw turbine-type micro-hydro power plants are still controlled manually by humans when there is a change in the electrical load on the generator output. If there is a change in the electrical load, the generator output voltage will change, thus affecting the rotation of the turbine being used. In this case, humans are needed to manually regulate the flow of water entering the turbine to maintain the stability of the generator output voltage by controlling the sluice gate. The water discharge entering the screw turbine will rotate the generator through a belt/gearbox pulley transmission, thus producing an electrical voltage at the generator output. To maintain the stability of the generator output voltage, it is necessary to control the water discharge entering the screw turbine. The expected goal of this research is to design a control system for a screw turbine type microhydro power plant to stabilize the generator output voltage and monitor the output of a screw turbine type generator using a SCADA (Supervisory Control, and Data Aquisition) system. The method used is the research and development method, namely the system design stage based on secondary data that has been collected, where the system design includes hardware design and software design, followed by making hardware such as control panels and devices. Software, which includes display design and leader diagrams and testing, is carried out by testing the system on software, hardware, and overall system testing. From the results of the discussion and analysis, the screw turbine type microhydro power plant control design system was created, a load control system consisting of 6 groups and sluice gate opening control that uses an ultrasonic sensor to determine the water level. With the results of controlling the sluice gate at a door opening of 30 mm, the generator voltage is 18.42 Volts DC, DC current is 0.0 Ampere at a load of 0 watts, when the load is 30 watts the generator voltage decreases by 18.40 volts, current is 1.37 Ampere. Through the on-line monitoring system, electrical parameters are obtained which are displayed on the SCADA system by looking in real-time at the history of DC voltage and DC current, DC power, and DC energy generated by the screw turbine-type DC generator. The voltage read is 18. 57 volts, current 1.37 Amperes, DC electrical power is 25.4 watts with a DC light load of 30 watts.

Investigation of pressure distribution in an Archimedes Screw Turbine with head below one meter using CFD

In the shift from fossil fuel-based energy, the imperative of tapping into water resources as a renewable energy reservoir is underscored. This study delves into the potential of low-head water for small-scale power generation, specifically focusing on the Archimedes turbine designed for operation in such conditions. The primary objective is meticulously examining pressure characteristics at varying heads (0.7 m, 0.8 m, 0.9 m, and 1 m) using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). These parameters play a crucial role in defining the turbine's performance landscape. Data analysis reveals a notable reduction in the Archimedes turbine's efficiency as the head diminishes. Interestingly, the double-screw Archimedes turbine demonstrates optimal performance at higher flow rates, particularly at a volumetric flow rate of 0.025 m3/s. Despite the peak performance at a 1-meter head, discernible pressure patterns suggest sufficient kinetic energy within lower head flows (down to 0.7 meters) to facilitate turbine rotation. This study contributes to a more rigorous understanding of the Archimedes turbine's performance under varied head conditions, emphasizing the potential for practical power generation at lower head levels.

UJI PENGARUH VARIASI SUDU TURBIN PADA SUDUT KEMIRINGAN POROS 15 DERAJAT TERHADAP DAYA DAN EFISIENSI TURBIN ARCHIMEDES

The need for electrical energy sources increases along with the increasing population in Indonesia. While the electrical energy used today is sourced from fossils that are starting to run out. So there is a need for alternative energy sources to replace fossils. One of them is by utilizing the river flow which is converted into electrical energy which is called a screw turbine power plant. This study uses an Archimedes Screw Turbine, with a tilt angle of 15 degrees, at variations of blade 1,2 and blade 3 to test the electrical power and efficiency of the turbine. The results of the 1 blade test at an angle of 15 degrees obtained electrical power of 8.17 watts and turbine efficiency of 75.92655%. The results of the 2 blade test at an angle of 15 degrees obtained an electric power of 7.16 watts and a turbine efficiency of 66.54028%. The results of the 3 blade test at an angle of 15 degrees obtained an electric power of 7.45 watts and a turbine efficiency of 69.23534%. Thus the use of blade 3 at an angle of 15 degrees produces greater electrical power and efficiency for blade 1, the result is greater than blade 2 and blade 3

Cost-benefit analysis of a hydro-solar microsystem with Archimedean screw hydro turbine sized for a prosumer building

This work aims to identify a cost-effective solution for improving the energy performance of a grid-connected prosumer, possibly equipped with electric vehicle chargers. The solution is based on a small-scale energy system based on renewable energy sources (RES). The system is equipped with an Archimedes Screw Turbine (AST) and photovoltaic panels. Energy storage in batteries is also considered. A simple yet efficient method for sizing the AST is proposed. A cost-benefit analysis of the small-scale energy system is performed for six case studies covering different combinations of energy consumers. Three economic scenarios are considered for each case study. The results suggest that the AST-based solution leads to reasonable costs for the prosumer and less impact of energy price fluctuations. Also, if EV chargers are used, their consumption can be covered directly by RES.

Optimization of screw turbine design parameters to improve the power output and efficiency of micro-hydropower generation

Optimization of screw turbine design parameters to improve the power output and efficiency of micro-hydropower generation

Pengaruh Jarak Antar Ulir Terhadap Daya Output Pada Turbin Archimedes Screw

The need for energy sources currently continues to increase, especially electrical energy, even exceeding existing estimates. Along with the need for electrical energy, further research is needed to utilize new renewable energy as alternative energy, one of which is hydroelectric power plants. Hydropower and PLTMH have different output capacities, one of the turbines that can be used as a PLTMH is the screw turbine (Archimedes screw). The efficiency of the Archimedes screw turbine is influenced by many factors, one of which is the turbine design. The existing turbine design needs to be evaluated by several factors such as inner and outer screw diameter, slope, screw pitch, number of blades, and inlet and outlet conditions as well as head and water flow. This research aims to find out how the design of the distance between the screws affects the efficiency of this screw turbine. The variable used in this research is the distance between threads, namely 8 cm, 10 cm, and 12 cm with a 12VDC 5W, 10W, and 15W lamp load. The results of this research show that the turbine with a distance between the threads of 12 cm produces the highest generator rotation, namely 532.1 rpm at no load and at a load of 15 watts the rotation decreases to 227.1 rpm. The highest voltage produced is 27.1 Volts when there is no load and when the load is 15 watts it is 8.9 Volts. while the current and power are 0.64 Ampere 5.70 Watt respectively, so that the highest efficiency is produced in a turbine with a screw spacing of 12 cm at a turbine head angle of 40 , namely 10.10%.

The Effect Of Pitch Ratio On Screw Turbine Performance With Tip Fin

A water turbine is an energy conversion machine that converts water head into shaft movement. In screw-type turbines, performance is influenced by several parameters including outer diameter, inner diameter, rotor length, head angle, number of blades, and pitch distance. This research uses a screw turbine type with a tip fin. The research aims to determine the performance of screw turbines with tip fins on mechanical power and efficiency. The research independent variables consist of pitch ratio and flow rate. The pitch ratio variations used are 1.2; 1.4 and 1.6 while the variations in flow rate used are 3 l/s, 3.5 l/s, and 4 l/s. The method used in this research is experimental. This study's data analysis employed the two-way Anova method with an alpha (α) of 5%. Anova's results show that the P-value of the interaction of the two independent variables, pitch ratio and water discharge, is <0.05, meaning that the independent variables have a significant influence on the performance of the screw turbine. The highest turbine performance results were at a pitch ratio of 1.4 at a water flow rate of 4 l/s resulting in an efficiency value of 34.91% and a mechanical power value of 6.82 watts at a rotational speed of 125 RPM. The lowest turbine performance results at a pitch ratio of 1.2 with a flow rate of 3 l/s resulting in an efficiency of 22.64% and a mechanical power of 3.32 watts at a rotational speed of 56 RPM.

An Experimental Investigation of Various Control Systems for an Archimedes Screw Turbine in a Micro-Hydropower Plant

The control system for a micro-hydropower plant using an Archimedes screw turbine is the focus of this work. Three control systems were implemented based on a Barreda micro-hydropower plant (Spain) currently in operation: an optimal water level control (OWLC) system, a maximum power point monitoring (MPPT) system, and a water level control (WLC) system. The comparison was made using several assessment indicators: electricity production, micro-hydropower plant efficiency, and gearbox fatigue. The electricity production is similar in the OWLC and MPPT systems (energy gain +0.5%) and significantly lower in the WLC system (energy gain −12%). The efficiency of the micro-hydro plant is similar in the OWLC and MPPT systems (average efficiency gain +0.9%) and significantly lower in the WLC system (average efficiency gain −15%). The mechanical stress on the gearbox is similar in the OWLC and WLC systems and significantly higher in the MPPT system. It can be concluded that the OWLC system performs better as concerns the three assessment indicators used, followed by the MPPT system. The WLC system is not recommended for use, due to its low electricity production and low efficiency of the micro-hydropower plant.

Modeling of design parameters of a screw turbine for a microhydro power plant

Modeling of design parameters of a screw turbine for a microhydro power plant

Performance Analysis of the Archimedes Double Screw Turbine as a Micro Hydro Power Plant with Varying Flow Rate

Samadua is an area in South Aceh Regency which has a lot of water energy potential to be used as energy to drive water turbines. The potential for water energy, it is necessary to develop renewable energy power technology, namely micro hydro power plants that can be utilized by the community. The type of water turbine that is suitable for application in the area that have water potential with low head and discharge is the Archimedes Double Screw Turbine. The Archimedes double screw turbine is a type of turbine that capable of operating with a low head of 1-15 m in river flows and irrigation and has the advantage of being environmentally friendly. The aim of this research is to design and manufacture an Archimedes Double Screw turbine that is appropriate and in accordance with the real conditions in the stream of Samadua river, -South Aceh, then analyze the influence and determine the torque ratio on the performance of the Archimedes Double Screw Turbine by measuring rotation speed, torque, power and efficiency based on variations in river flow rate. The Archimedes Double Screw turbine is made from 201 stainless steel which has dimensions of N = 2 blades (= 260 mm, = 140 mm) with a pitch of 2Ro, turbine length (L = 2 m), head = 1 m, angle θ = 300. The variables measured and observed are turbine rotation, torque, and flow rate. Tests were carried out on 3 variations of flow discharge, namely 0.02 m3/s, 0.009 m3/s, and 0.003 m3/s. The test results showed that the highest turbine rotation and power occurred at a flow rate of 0.02 m3/s of 292.10 rpm and 122.20 watts and the maximum turbine efficiency was 62%. Thus, the turbine with maximum power is obtained when the flow rate is 0.02 m3/s, while the turbine with maximum efficiency is obtained when the flow rate is 0.02 m3/s. For the numerical simulation results, the optimum pressure distribution value is 4.873 kPa and the minimum is 0.1536 kPa, so the comparison of the experimental results with the numerical simulation is that the numerical simulation optimum torque value is 2.50 N/m and the experimental optimum torque value is 2.00 N /m.

ANALYSIS OF THE PERFORMANCE OF PIKO HYDRO TURBINE ACRHIMEDES POWER PLANT ON THE EFFECT OF WATER PRESSURE

Turbines are the most important component in Pikohidro Power Plant (PLTPH). The turbine used in this PLTPH modeling is the Archimedes screw turbine. This Archimedes screw turbine is still very rare to use in the city of Pontianak. This study aims to make it easier to conduct tests related to parameters that affect the performance of the Archimedes screw turbine, one of which is the influence of water pressure. This study will discuss the influence of water pressure on the rotation produced by the Archimedes screw turbine so that it can be seen the voltage, current, power generated by the generator, in PLTPH modeling. The change in water pressure given is 3 psi, 4 psi, 5 psi. The results showed that the increase in water pressure given caused the performance of PLTPH to increase, where the highest efficiency was obtained at a pressure of 5 psi and the lowest efficiency was obtained at a pressure of 3 psi.
 Keywords— , PLTPH, Archimedes Turbine and Screw,Water Pressure

Numerical and experimental investigation of an Archimedes screw turbine for open channel water flow application

AbstractLow‐head turbines are becoming an agricultural imperative due to their high efficiency, low cost, ability to operate at low flow rates and minimal environmental impact. Therefore, the Archimedes screw turbine (AST) can play a leading role for producing electric power, especially in Pakistan's rural areas where most of the places have less than 1 m head. In this research work, performance evaluation of AST was carried out at different flow velocities in terms of power coefficient and torque generated. Design parameters such as blade width, blade pitches, and blade rotational angles are also used for performance evaluation. For this purpose, computational fluid dynamic (CFD) analyses of AST blades were conducted at different water flow velocities (e.g., 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, and 3.5 m/s). ANSYS FLUENT was used for AST blade simulations using three different design parameters such as blade width, blade pitch, and blade rotational angles. Additionally, CFD simulations have inherent errors and uncertainties that may lead to findings and deviations from their exact or real values. To prevent these uncertainties and errors, an experimental study was also conducted to provide validation for the CFD simulation results. The results revealed from CFD simulations for optimized design parameters were then compared with experimental data. From the results, it was examined that the numerical findings were in good agreement with the experiment data. The highest power coefficient and power output values were obtained under optimized design parameters such as inner and outer diameter, blade pitch, blade width, blade rotation angles and shaft length (e.g., 40 mm, 120 mm, 130 mm, 2 mm, 60°, and 850 mm respectively). The findings can be useful to implement the AST unit for those places where the available water head is ranging from 1 to 6.5 m and a flow rate of 0.2–6.5 m3/s, especially for rural areas of Pakistan.

Performance analysis of a ductless Archimedes screw turbine array for deep-sea power supply

This study proposes the use of ductless Archimedes screw turbine (DAST) arrays to provide power to deep-ocean observation platforms. The primary objective is to expand the deployment range and reduce the environmental effects associated with deep-ocean observations. An experimentally validated numerical model was developed to assess the efficiency and self-starting capability of the DAST arrays considering different configurations, rotation directions, and flow orientations. To address the limitations of fixed rotational speeds and phase angle differences, a variable step-length optimal rotational speed tracking algorithm was incorporated into the numerical model. The findings illustrate that the optimal triangular DAST array, in comparison with an isolated DAST, can enhance the maximum power coefficient by 8%, reaching a value of 0.37. Moreover, this array can maintain high performance for more than one-third of the incoming flow directions without the need for a yaw device. Furthermore, a novel full-process simulation platform was devised to evaluate the power generation capacity of DAST arrays with varying dimensions under different flow velocity conditions. The results suggest that in typical deep ocean current scenarios, an optimal DAST array with a turbine radius of 500 mm can generate an excess of 25 Wh of daily power supply, which is adequate to support the periodic operations of miniature autonomous underwater vehicles such as ZF-01.

Optimalisasi Kinerja Archimedes Screw Menggunakan Sistem Transmisi Terhadap Output Daya (Watt)

Water energy sources at low head and discharge can be utilized as a generator of electrical energy, one of which is by using the Archimedes screw turbine, the Screw turbine is used in Pico Hydro Power Plants (PLPTH) as a small-scale power plant by utilizing water energy from river flow. The purpose of this research is to optimize the performance of the Archimedes screw turbine Pico Hydro Power Plant so as to produce a better power output. In this study the authors designed an Archimedes screw turbine model with a screw angle of 28°, 5 blade type screw, and 40° turbine tilt. This study focuses on a transmission system using a belt and pulley ratio of 1:3, with two levels of transmission, and a turbine tilt angle of 40°. The method used in this study is the experimental method. As a result, after trials were carried out on a stream located in the Sungailiat Archipelago Fishing Port area, the highest turbine rotation value was 146 rpm and generator rotation 756 rpm, resulting in a power output of 8 watts within 45 minutes of the trial period in the field. This means that after modifying the Archimedes screw turbine with the transmission system and the turbine tilt angle of 40°, the resulting power output increases.

ANALISIS POTENSI PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA PIKO HIDRO ARCHIMEDES SCREW TURBINE DI CURUG SAWER

People all across the world depend on electricity, which is now primarily produced by fossil fuel power plants. The world is currently switching to use a sustainable and affordable energy source, new renewable energy, or NRE. Water is a energy source of NRE, making it one of the potential sources of NRE around the world. Sukabumi, which is spread out across a large region and has a lot of hydropower potential, has a great chance of being used to run Piko-scale hydropower. Curug Sawer, a popular tourist destination with the potential of hydro power plants, is one of the PHPP potentials in the Sukabumi region. Based on CaSimir and Simulink MATLAB simulations, this study presents an examination of the potential for a pico hydro power plant with an Archimedes Screw turbine. With an area discharge of 0.67 m3/s and a Head height of 1.1 m, the natural reservoir area at Curug Sawer served as the study's source of hydropower. With these parameters, this PHPP can generate 4.67 kW of electricity and 110 kWh of power each day. The tourism destination curug sawer area might save Rp 1,768,680.00 per month on power because of this possibility.

Rancang Bangun Pembangkit Listrik Pikohidro Menggunakan Turbin Screw Pada Aliran Danau PCR

Picohydro is a power plant that produces 5 kW of power which consists of 3 components, namely air flow, turbine, and generator to convert maximum energy into electrical energy. Picohydro is an alternative power plant as a substitute for fossil fuel power plants (diesel and gasoline). The PCRlake flow has a flow of 0.019 m3/s which can be used as a potential source of energy to generate electricity, where the tools used are screw turbines, V-belt transmission, and DC generators. The results of the design of the screw turbine that are made have a turbine length specification of 1,140.5 mm, an outside diameter of 419.4 mm, an inside diameter of 225 mm, a turbine pitch of 503.2 mm, a number of blade turns 2 pieces, a turbine angle of 26o, a thread angle of 21o, and a head of 0.5 m. For the transmission, there are 2 type A -V belts that connect the turbine rotation to the DC generator rotation. The results obtained that the theoretical power available in the PCR lake flow is 95.01 watts. The average rotation produced by the 1,398 rpm generator is able to stably turn on as many as 6 DC lamps with a total load of 60 watts. By testing the DC lamp load, a total load of 60 watts produces a generator power of 29.14 watts, a screw turbine power of 34.08 watts. By testing using a braking system at turbine rotation it produces a maximum torque of 13.12 Nm with a screw turbine power of 46.70 watts and a turbine mechanical efficiency of 49.16%.

Generation of Electricity From a Hydraulic Turbine in the Djonou River (Benin)

The shortage of electricity in rural areas despite the hydraulic potential they possess is becoming a challenge for Benin. To date, nearly 140,000 people spread over the 42 lakeside villages of this country live in energy inaccessibility, insecurity and poverty. To overcome this situation, the present study is therefore interested in the production of electrical energy on an experimental basis in low water periods thanks to an Archimedean screw turbine which operates at low flow rates and height of fall on the river. Djonou located in southern Benin a few kilometers from the University of Abomey-Calavi. The geometrical and hydraulic parameters of the screw were therefore determined and the device was modeled using Autocard software. A prototype was then made with local recycled materials and tested on the river. The screw specifications indicate an inside and outside radius of 0.072 m and 0.135 m. The length of the screw was set at 0.46 m for a blade radius estimated at 0.137 m. The number of screw blades is equal to 2 with a flow rate of 0.049 $ m^{3}/s $. The inclination angle of the screw is $25^{\circ}$. The device on the experimental site produces a voltage of 16 V and provides a current of about 0.12 A which can power a 2 W lamp. This performance of the prototype made on a small scale is a reliable indicator of the optimal use of this technology in the national hydraulic network of Benin to supply populations with electrical energy.

Monitoring of fish upstream and downstream passage at a screw turbine and migration screw facility

Monitoring of fish upstream and downstream passage at a screw turbine and migration screw facility