Scottish Universities Physics Alliance Research Articles

Connecting the large- and the small-scale magnetic fields of solar-like stars

A key question in understanding the observed magnetic field topologies of cool stars is the link between the small- and the large-scale magnetic field and the influence of the stellar parameters on the magnetic field topology. We examine various simulated stars to connect the small-scale with the observable large-scale field. The highly resolved 3D simulations we used couple a flux transport model with a non-potential coronal model using a magnetofrictional technique. The surface magnetic field of these simulations is decomposed into spherical harmonics which enables us to analyse the magnetic field topologies on a wide range of length scales and to filter the large-scale magnetic field for a direct comparison with the observations. We show that the large-scale field of the self-consistent simulations fits the observed solar-like stars and is mainly set up by the global dipolar field and the large-scale properties of the flux pattern, e.g. the averaged latitudinal position of the emerging small-scale field and its global polarity pattern. The stellar parameters flux emergence rate, differential rotation and meridional flow affect the large-scale magnetic field topology. An increased flux emergence rate increases the magnetic flux in all field components and an increased differential rotation increases the toroidal field fraction by decreasing the poloidal field. The meridional flow affects the distribution of the magnetic energy across the spherical harmonic modes.

Solvation thermodynamics of organic molecules by the molecular integral equation theory: approaching chemical accuracy.

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTSolvation Thermodynamics of Organic Molecules by the Molecular Integral Equation Theory: Approaching Chemical AccuracyEkaterina L. Ratkova†‡, David S. Palmer‡§, and Maxim V. Fedorov*‡∥View Author Information† G. A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademicheskaya Street 1, Ivanovo 153045, Russia‡ The Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences, Inselstrasse 22, Leipzig 04103, Germany§ Department of Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, Scotland G1 1XL, United Kingdom∥ Department of Physics, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA), University of Strathclyde, John Anderson Building, 107 Rottenrow East, Glasgow G4 0NG, United Kingdom*Phone: +44 141 54 84 012. Fax: +44 141 55 22 891. E-mail: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2015, 115, 13, 6312–6356Publication Date (Web):June 15, 2015Publication History Received16 January 2014Published online15 June 2015Published inissue 8 July 2015https://doi.org/10.1021/cr5000283Copyright © 2015 American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views4146Altmetric-Citations141LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (9 MB) Get e-AlertsSUBJECTS:Free energy,Molecules,Solution chemistry,Solvation,Solvents Get e-Alerts

Nano Meets Spectroscopy

The multidisciplinary two-day Nano Meets Spectroscopy (NMS) event was held at the National Physical Laboratory (NPL), Teddington, UK, in September 2011. The event was planned from the outset to be at the interface of several areas—in particular, spectroscopy and nanoscience, and to bring together topics and people with different approaches to achieving common goals in biomolecular science. Hence the meeting cut across traditional boundaries and brought together researchers using diverse techniques, particularly fluorescence and Raman spectroscopy. Despite engaging common problems, these techniques are frequently seen as mutually exclusive with the two communities rarely interacting at conferences. The meeting was widely seen to have lived up to its billing in good measure. It attracted the maximum capacity of ~120 participants, including 22 distinguished speakers (9 from outside the UK), over 50 posters and a vibrant corporate exhibition comprising 10 leading instrument companies and IOP Publishing. The organizers were Professor David Birch (Chair), Dr Karen Faulds and Professor Duncan Graham of the University of Strathclyde, Professor Cait MacPhee of the University of Edinburgh and Dr Alex Knight of NPL. The event was sponsored by the European Science Foundation, the Institute of Physics, the Royal Society of Chemistry, NPL and the Scottish Universities Physics Alliance. The full programme and abstracts are available at http://sensor.phys.strath.ac.uk/nms/program.php. The programme was quite ambitious in terms of the breadth and depth of scope. The interdisciplinary and synergistic concept of 'X meets Y' played well, cross-fertilization between different fields often being a source of inspiration and progress. Fluorescence and Raman spectroscopy provided the core, but the meeting had little repetition and also attracted contributions on more specialist techniques such as CARS, super-resolution, single molecule and chiral methods. In terms of application the event bridged as far as medical application of nanotechnologies. It could have turned out that such a hotchpotch produced an incoherent event that lacked direction and focus, but in truth, as the feedback showed, the delegates revelled in the diversity and depth of quality. Excellent speakers, the common application to biomolecules and common language of spectroscopy were probably the reasons why things worked out so well. I am delighted to bring together in this special feature in Measurement Science and Technology a selection of contributions from the meeting and I thank all the authors for their excellent contributions. Included are papers on nanoparticles, plasmonics, sensing and imaging. This special feature, and indeed similar meetings in the future, will undoubtedly help sustain the 'nanomeeters' message of NMS.

Laser-driven proton oncology — a unique new cancer therapy?

In 2000, the University of Strathclyde, collaborating with the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, organized the first workshop dealing with the potential of high-power laser technology in medicine. Two areas of potential were identified: firstly the production of positron emission tomography (PET) isotopes; and secondly, the potential for laser-accelerated proton and heavy ion beams for therapy. The attendees, mainly clinicians and radiation physicists, emphasised that the laser community should concentrate on developing laser and target technology for therapy rather than isotope production because of the potential advantages over conventional accelerator technology for that purpose. On the 30 March 2007, the universities of Strathclyde and Paisley organized a follow-up meeting to identify the progress made in laser-driven proton and ion beam technology with applications leading to proton and ion beam therapy for deep-seated tumours. The meeting was supported by the Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA)--an organization set up in Scotland to bring together all of the physics departments collaborating with life scientists to work on ground-breaking new science which no single university could attempt. This is a summary of the meeting.