Sclerosis Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma Research Articles

Трудности диагностики лимфомы Ходжкина у ребенка с бронхиальной астмой

Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is a B-cell malignant lymphoproliferative disease. It is characterized by the presence of giant Reed-Berezovsky- Sternberg cells, which can be detected by microscopy of affected lymph nodes. The incidence of HL in the Russian Federation is 2.2 per 100,000 per year, and it ranks 26th among other malignancies worldwide. The disease has two peaks, occurring at the ages of 15–19 years and after 50 years. Men are slightly more commonly affected than women. Young patients with HL are predominantly women, while older patients are predominantly men. The etiology of HL remains unclear. Clinically, the disease is characterized by asymptomatic lymph node enlargement, intoxication, intermittent fever, and, in patients with massive mediastinal involvement, chest pain, cough, dyspnea, and symptoms of superior vena cava syndrome. The article discusses the prevalence, specifics of treatment, and association with allergic diseases, and describes a 13-year-old child with nodular sclerosis classic Hodgkin's lymphoma. KEYWORDS: Hodgkin's lymphoma, nodular sclerosis, allergic disease, asthma, lymphoproliferative disease, differential diagnosis. FOR CITATION: Belykh N.A., Chernenko A.P., Mikhaylova Yu.V., Piznyur I.V. Challenges in the diagnosis of Hodgkin lymphoma in a child with asthma. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2024;8(3):176–182 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2024-8-3-9.

Classical Hodgkin's lymphoma of the thyroid

Abstract Hodgkin's lymphoma is characterized by the presence of Reed–Sternberg cells. The majority of cases originate at nodal sites and only rarely does it occur in extranodal locations. Here we report a case of a woman with a classical Hodgkin's lymphoma of the thyroid developed from a Hashimoto thyroiditis. She presented with a mass in her thyroid which was surgically removed. Biopsy showed a nodular sclerosis classical Hodgkin's lymphoma. Our results were similar to previously reported cases. It would appear that the lesions grew over a MALT tissue created by the lymphoid proliferation of the thyroiditis. Differential diagnosis was made between the different types of lymphomas considering those most commonly occurring in extranodal lymphoid tissues. A final diagnosis was reached after consideration of the histopathology, immunophenotyping and molecular biology.

Clinicopathological features and outcomes: analysis of 21 cases of lymphoma in pregnancy

To evaluate the clinicopathological features and outcomes of lymphoma in pregnancy. A total of 21 patients with lymphoma in pregnancy were diagnosed and treated at our hospital between January 1999 and January 2012. The clinicopathological data were analyzed retrospectively. There were 11 cases of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and 10 cases of nodular sclerosis classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (NSCHL). And, among 10 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL), there were diffuse large B cell lymphoma (n = 6),B-cell lymphoma, non-classifiable with features intermediate between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma (n = 1), small lymphocytic lymphoma (n = 1), anaplastic large cell lymphoma with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) positive (n = 1) and T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (n = 1). The median age was 26(22-35) years.Superficial lymphadenopathy was more common in HL than in NHL (10/11 vs 3/10, P = 0.008). At diagnosis, bulky disease and extranodal involvement were more prevalent in NHL than in HL (8/10 vs 2/11, P = 0.009; 7/10 vs 2/11, P = 0.030). All patients received chemotherapy and those with early stages also had combined radiotherapy. Ten patients with HL and 6 patients with NHL achieved complete remission. During a median follow-up of 90 months for HL, the 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 87.5% and 100% respectively. And during a median follow-up of 31 months for NHL, the 2-year PFS and OS rates were 66.7% and 77.8% respectively. The values of PFS and OS of NHL were inferior to those of HL (P = 0.073 and P = 0.066 respectively).One case of HL and 1 case of NHL received chemotherapy in the second trimester. The patients and their children experienced good outcomes. NSCHL is the most prevalent subtype of HL during pregnancy. B cell lymphoma and aggressive subtypes are most common for NHL during pregnancy. The outcomes of NHL are inferior to those of HL during pregnancy.

Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative disorder developed following autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for relapsing Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) are lymphoid or plasmacytic proliferations that develop as a consequence of immunosuppression in a recipient of a solid organ, bone marrow or stem cell allograft. The development of PTLDs is usually associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and the disorder is also termed EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD). The development of PTLD is a rare complication in autologous bone marrow/peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. In the present study, we report a case of EBV-associated LPD which developed following autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for relapsing Hodgkin's lymphoma. A 51-year-old male presented with swelling of the left cervical lymph nodes. A biopsy revealed nodular sclerosis classical Hodgkin's lymphoma. Following four courses of ABVd (adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine) therapy, the Hodgkin's lymphoma relapsed. CHASE (cyclophosphamide, etoposide, cytarabine, dexamethasone) therapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation were performed. In the 128 days following the transplantation, lymph node swelling was noted and a biopsy specimen demonstrated EBV-associated LPD. The serum copy number of EBV-DNA was 2.7×10(3) copies/ml. The occurrence of EBV-associated LPD may be on the rise due to the increased number of patients undergoing immunosuppression therapy. The measurement of the serum EBV-DNA copy number and the detection of EBV-infected atypical lymphocytes using in situ hybridization are significant in establishing an early accurate diagnosis and initiating the correct treatment for EBV-associated LPD in patients with immunosuppression.

Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors in Chinese patients with Hodgkin’s lymphoma

The aim of our study is to investigate the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors in Chinese Hodgkin's lymphoma patients. It is known that clinical characteristics and epidemiology of Hodgkin's lymphoma in China are different from Western countries. In total, 137 consecutive, previously untreated patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma at Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center were enrolled. Among these patients, 92 were male and 45 were female, with a median age of 28 (range: 2-76) years. The bimodal age curve of classical Hodgkin's lymphoma analyzed from our patients was not obvious as the Western population, showing an early peak in 25 years and a second peak in 45 years. Most of the patients (41.6%) were classified as nodular sclerosis classic Hodgkin's lymphoma. Results showed that the 5-year overall survival, event-free survival, and disease-free survival rates were 97.7, 85.0, and 94.0%, respectively. Lymphopenia at diagnosis was related to poorer overall survival (P = 0.015) and event-free survival (P < 0.001) in all-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma patients. Multivariate analysis showed that lymphopenia as an independent unfavorable prognostic factor influenced event-free survival (P = 0.015). The international prognostic score ≥ 5 was also the only independent prognostic factor of disease-free survival in advanced-stage patients (P = 0.046). Our findings demonstrated that some clinical characteristics of Hodgkin's lymphoma in China were different from those in the Western countries. Lymphopenia was an effective prognostic predictor in both early stage and advanced stage.