Scientific Note Research Articles

Scientific note: overlapping temporal distributions of drone flights of Apis laboriosa and Apis cerana in Bhutan

Scientific note: overlapping temporal distributions of drone flights of Apis laboriosa and Apis cerana in Bhutan

Scientific note: First report of small hive beetle in South Asia and their potential invasive pathway

Scientific note: First report of small hive beetle in South Asia and their potential invasive pathway

First Record of the Tribe Orthopodomyiini in the Yucatan Peninsula.

Updating the mosquito fauna occurring in a specific area is crucial, given that certain species serve as vectors capable of transmitting zoonotic arboviruses. This scientific note presents the first records of mosquitoes of the tribe Orthopodomyiini in the Yucatan Peninsula. Immature mosquitoes were collected on 2 occasions inside a large tree hole in Felipe Carrillo Puerto, Quintana Roo, Mexico. Thirteen adult specimens, reared from the immatures, were obtained and identified as Orthopodomyia kummi based on external characteristics of females and males. This species has been recorded in Panama, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, and marginally in the United States, but its presence in the Yucatan Peninsula had gone unnoticed until now. The knowledge about mosquitoes of the genus Orthopodomyia is limited, and their epidemiological importance remains uncertain. Therefore, further studies could provide insights into the ecological and infection dynamics associated with this species.

A scientific note on the differential handling behaviour of two large carpenter bees on an inverted keel flower

A scientific note on the differential handling behaviour of two large carpenter bees on an inverted keel flower

First report of feeding injury of Proba fraudulenta Stäl (Hemiptera: Miridae) to Cynara cardunculus (L.) Fiori (Asterales: Asteraceae) in Brazil

An outbreak of Proba fraudulenta Stäl (Hemiptera: Miridae) causing feeding injury to leaves and inflorescences, and leading to economic damage of artichoke, Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus (L.) Fiori (Asterales: Asteraceae), was observed for the first time in plantations located in the municipalities of Piedade (23°43′S, 47°25′W) and Ibiúna (23°39′29.88″S, 47°12′40.68″W), São Paulo state, Brazil. This is the first formal record of the mirid bug P. fraudulenta as an insect pest of artichoke. This scientific note aims to describe the feeding injury and economic importance of P. fraudulenta for artichoke production. Nymphs and adults of P. fraudulenta were manually collected from inflorescences of artichoke plants at “Sítio Osako”, a property located in the municipality of Piedade. The second author, a taxonomist specialist in Miridae, identified the species based on morphological diagnostic characteristics. Feeding by P. fraudulenta on artichoke was observed to cause yellowing and drying of leaves, reduction of plant vigor and inflorescence size and quality, and plant death, which directly affects yield. This report is a relevant finding because the state of São Paulo is the biggest artichoke-producing region in Brazil, and this insect could pose a threat to artichoke production if it were to invade other producing regions including Europe and the United States.

Scientific note: First mainland records of an unusual island bee (Anthophora urbana clementina) highlight the value of community science for adventive species detection and monitoring

Scientific note: First mainland records of an unusual island bee (Anthophora urbana clementina) highlight the value of community science for adventive species detection and monitoring

Variation in Genuine Handwriting While Writing on an Unusual Surface

Forensic handwriting analysis is a specialized field within forensic science that aims to identify and compare handwriting samples for investigative purposes. This scientific note provides an overview of the fundamental principles, methodologies, and techniques involved in the examination of handwriting evidence. The note explores the importance of handwriting analysis in criminal investigations, discusses the underlying scientific principles, and highlights the challenges faced by forensic experts in this field. Additionally, it explores the advancements in technology that have aided the analysis of handwriting and conclude with the potential future directions of research in forensic handwriting analysis. This study focuses on the natural variation that occurs due to the unusual surfaces of tables and bricks, the variation occurs mostly in the class characteristics of the person like slant, speed, line quality, alignment, etc. Samples are collected on two different surfaces; a table and a wall (smooth and rough surfaces). And on the basis of these two surfaces, the variations in the characteristics of the individual are observed. The significance of the research is to find out the range of natural variation that occurs in the individual handwriting whenever there is a change in the writing surface.

Mechanisms for ensuring the development of the future economy in the context of global changes

The aim of the article is to analyze the main mechanisms for ensuring the development of the future economy in the context of global changes. In the course of the research, the methods of data collection, analysis, and interpretation of the results were used. Databases such as Scopus were used to search for scientific articles. Bibliometric analysis, together with citation and co-citation analysis, is a powerful way to analyze the patterns and characteristics of already published works in any scientific field. Search engines have identified more than 95 articles on the development of the future economy in the context of global change. Only 25 of the most relevant sources from 2018 to 2023 were used in the selection process. The results consider the main global changes in the economy; digital technologies in ensuring the development of the future economy; the need for new types of institutions in the digital era of the future economy, as well as talent management and competence development and risks associated with the digital economy in terms of economic security. The scientific novelty note that the main development of the economy of the future is the process of digitalization, which is a way to increase productivity and profitability, which contributes to the transition of material productivity into digital power. The biggest challenges for developing countries in this process are the integration of the fourth industrial revolution into their economies, stimulating small and medium-sized enterprises, and transforming monopoly companies into more competitive structures with a presence in global markets.

Various fractional-order type operators and some of their implications to certain normalized functions analytic in the open unit disc

Abstract In this scientific research note, certain necessary-basic information in relation to some types of the operators specified by fractional calculus of arbitrary order will be firstly introduced, various argument properties of certain analytic functions specified by those fractional-order type operators will be then determined, and a number of special consequences of those extensive properties will be also pointed out.

An analysis of preservice teachers’ scientific attitude in analytical chemistry laboratory with experiential learning

The aim of this study is to examine in detail the effect of experiential learning in analytical chemistry laboratory on preservice teachers’ scientific attitudes and to examine their views on the qualitative analysis in analytical chemistry laboratory. The study group consisted of 27 preservice chemistry teachers. The study was designed by mixed method. The scientific attitude scale and note to self-form were used as data collection tools. From the results, it was observed that the scientific attitudes of preservice chemistry teachers increased significantly. When the scores in the sub-dimensions of the scientific attitude scale are compared, it is noteworthy that there is a significant difference in the third dimension “being a scientist or working in a job.” According to the note to self-form preservice teachers’ notes were categorised as cognitive field note, sensory field note, and psychomotor field note.

A scientific note on the transmission of chalkbrood via field collected pollen

A scientific note on the transmission of chalkbrood via field collected pollen

Nasal sprays for treating COVID-19: a scientific note.

Clinical management of COVID-19 has been a daunting task. Due to the lack of specific treatment, vaccines have been regarded as the first line of defence. Innate responses and cell-mediated systemic immunity, including serum antibodies, have been the primary focus of practically all studies of the immune response to COVID-19. However, owing to the difficulties encountered by the conventional route, alternative routes for prophylaxis and therapy became the need of the hour. The first site invaded by SARS-CoV-2 is the upper respiratory tract. Nasal vaccinesare already in different stages of development. Apart from prophylactic purposes, mucosal immunity can be exploited for therapeutic purposes too. The nasal route for drug delivery offers many advantages over the conventional route. Besides offering a needle-free delivery, they can be self-administered. They present less logistical burden as there is no need for refrigeration. The present article focuses on various aspects of nasal spray for eliminatingCOVID-19.

A proposal to clarify the use of Sum of Bases in the Brazilian Remineralizer Regulation and in Soil Science

The term Sum of Bases has different meanings in Soil Science and the Remineralizer Regulations. This issue may cause misunderstandings in communication, particularly between the agricultural community and the mining community, becoming an obstacle to the advancement of the use of this soil amendment. In this scientific note we propose the use of subscript “R” (SBR), standing for Rock, in English, and Rocha, in Brazilian Portuguese, and “S” (SBS) standing for Soil in English and Solo in Brazilian Portuguese. [...]

Scientific note: the nesting behaviour of two large carpenter bees of the genus Xylocopa (Hymenoptera: Apidae) from Vietnam

Scientific note: the nesting behaviour of two large carpenter bees of the genus Xylocopa (Hymenoptera: Apidae) from Vietnam

Flujo digital en ortodoncia, ¿estamos preparados?

Recently, intraoral scanners and 3D printers have revolutionized many aspects of general dentistry, including orthodontics. Some examples of this progress have been the possibility of immediate printing of digital intraoral records, the pre-visualization of treatment objectives, the preparation of indirect bonding guides for braces, the development of aligner systems through companies and the possibility of in-office manufacture and, the adaptation and design of orthodontic appliances with resin and metal alloy direct printing. The objective of this scientific note is to describe some advances of the digital flow in orthodontics.

Scientific note: a stingless bee species attempting to invade a foreign region

Scientific note: a stingless bee species attempting to invade a foreign region

Bee brood as traditional human food on Andros Island, Greece

Entomophagy, the consumption of insects by humans, is a traditional practice in many countries around the world. In the northern part of Andros Island in Greece, a significant number of the inhabitants used to include bee brood in their diet. In this scientific note, results are presented from conducted interviews of field research during 2020 and 2021. The consumption varied greatly regarding the way bee brood was prepared (raw to well-cooked) and was abandoned ca. 60 years ago.

Filtering, editing, and cropping yield maps in a R environment with the package cleanRfield

AbstractCleaning yield monitor observations to remove erroneous points can improve the accuracy of yield estimates used for farm record keeping or on‐farm research data collection, but current practices are time‐intensive and cumbersome. cleanRfield is an open‐source R package to improve the efficiency of processing spatial agricultural data such as yield maps. Compared with current standard yield monitor data cleaning solutions, cleanRfield can read and interpret a broader range of input data formats. Other key features of cleanRfield include automatic field boundary delineation and batch processing of data from multiple fields. In this Scientific Note, we overview functions within the cleanRfield package and introduce an integrative pipeline to evaluate and visualize yield monitor data. The package is being distributed under the GNU General Public License 2, and a more detailed tutorial including downloading instructions is available at https://github.com/filipematias23/cleanRfield.

Scientific note about the negative impacts of male competition on Epicharis albofasciata mating

Scientific note about the negative impacts of male competition on Epicharis albofasciata mating

A scientific note on in-hive positioning determines small hive beetle trap efficacy

The small hive beetle (SHB), Aethina tumida, a parasite of honey bees is endemic to Sub-Saharan Africa and has become a global invasive pest. Adequate surveillance methods based on trapping methods need testing and verification of their efficacy. We tested the efficacy of top frame supplied cardboard traps. The efficacy was extremely low (0.9%) and significantly less effective than bottom board placed traps.