Scientific Methodological Approach Research Articles

The Path of Constructing Cultural Confidence under the View of Materialistic History

Cultural self-confidence is the most basic, deepest, and lasting force in the development of a country and a nation. Cultivating and constructing cultural self-confidence requires scientific theoretical guidance. As a theory revealing the general laws of human social development, the Marxist materialist concept of history is a great “cognitive tool” for analyzing and solving social problems, which not only provides a profound theoretical and philosophical foundation for firming cultural self-confidence but also provides a scientific methodological approach for fostering cultural self-confidence. The General Secretary has mentioned cultural self-confidence many times, pointing out that culture is a kind of soft power of the country and explaining the importance of culture. Cultural self-confidence from the perspective of historical materialism is embodied both at the level of principles and at the level of methodology. The basic principles of the materialist concept of history are the theoretical guidance of cultural self-confidence. At the same time, cultural self-confidence under the guidance of the materialist concept of history is also of great significance to the construction of a strong modern socialist country.

Methodological approaches to competitive potential assessment of an enterprise

Methods. During the research, the following methods were used: analysis – when studying the experience of applying methods of assessing competitive potential; abstraction – in the process of creating a comprehensive approach to assessing competitive potential; comparative analysis – to compare methodological approaches to assessing the competitive potential of the enterprise; logical analysis – to build the logic of research. The results of the study are clearly displayed using a graphic method. Results. A critical analysis of existing approaches to determining the components of an enterprise's competitive potential was conducted, as a result of which such components as: personnel potential, financial potential, production potential, innovation and investment potential, and market potential were singled out. It has been demonstrated that each of the considered methodological approaches is characterized by certain advantages and disadvantages, which have a significant impact on the choice of an appropriate method for assessing the competitive potential of an enterprise under the specified conditions. The authors of the article formed a scientific and methodological approach to the assessment of the competitive potential of the enterprise with the application of assessment approaches and methods that are components of methodological approaches or the result of their combination. Novelty. During the analysis of methodical approaches to the assessment of the competitive potential of the enterprise, a comprehensive approach to the assessment of the competitive potential based on the assessment of the components of the potential was defined, and its advantages were revealed. The application of a scientific-methodological approach to the assessment of competitive potential is proposed, which ultimately makes it possible to obtain a reliable result and make balanced management decisions regarding the management of the enterprise. Practical value lies in the possibility of applying the developed and provided proposals regarding the toolkit for assessing the competitive potential of enterprises in various sectors of the economy in order to improve the efficiency of their management. The obtained conclusions and research results, as well as the provided methodological recommendations, will contribute to the effective functioning of industrial enterprises.

TRENDS OF THE SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT IN IVANO-FRANKIVSK REGION

The purpose. Analysis of the activities of small and medium-sized enterprises in the Ivano-Frankivsk region and the study of their development trends. Methods. To achieve the goal, a wide range of general scientific and special methods of analysis and synthesis, economic and logical methods of comparison, grouping, graphic method and others were used. The results. The structure of small and medium-sized business entities by region of Ukraine was studied. The predominance of the number of small enterprises compared to the average in all regions was determined, which is explained by the ease of registering business activities, a simplified taxation system, and less dependence of small enterprises on attracting long-term and significant amounts of financial resources. It is shown that the number of small enterprises in all regions of Ukraine varies between 93-96.5%, and the number of medium-sized enterprises is between 3 and 7%. An analysis of the activity of small and medium-sized business entities in the Ivano-Frankivsk region was conducted, which showed that there was a decrease in the number of employed workers at small and medium-sized business enterprises. Labor costs and volumes of products sold by enterprises of the Ivano-Frankivsk region, which had a steady trend of growth among small and medium-sized enterprises, were also analyzed. On the basis of the conducted analysis, the directions of the economic recovery of the Ivano-Frankivsk region with regard to the activation of small and medium-sized businesses, which will contribute to the improvement of the business climate, the attraction of investment resources and the establishment of competitive economic activity in the region, are substantiated. Scientific novelty. A scientific-methodological approach to assessing the state of small and medium-sized business entities is proposed. The practical significance. The results of the research consist in the possibility of practical use of the mentioned approach for evaluating the activity of small and medium-sized enterprises of Ukraine and recommendations for their development.

Forest Therapy for Women with Gynaecological Cancer—A Feasibility Study to Find New Alternatives in Cancer Rehabilitation

Cancer can have a significant impact on one’s life situation, with many patients reporting psychosocial discomfort, worry, anxiety, fear of recurrence, depression, tiredness/fatigue, sleep problems, pain and numerous other problems even long after active medical treatment. Psychosocial support during cancer rehabilitation has proven to be insufficient. In a recent debate article, the scientific committee of CancerRehabFund, Sweden, demands more rehabilitation alternatives for individuals living with cancer. Nature-based treatment is one of the alternatives mentioned as the way forward, but more research is needed. Therefore, we want to evaluate the patient’s experience of a ten-week forest bathing intervention, as an add-on to the standard care, and whether it can improve general health and well-being in women suffering or recovering from gynaecological cancer. The study will run between the autumn of 2022 and until the end of 2023. It is a prospective single-case study, including quantitative and qualitative approaches using validated self-administered instruments (pre–post measurements) and semi-structured interviews (post) on women’s lived experience of the 10-week forest bathing intervention. The quantitative outcome measurements will be the quality of life, fatigue and depression/anxiety. There will also be a questionnaire on perceived sensory dimensions experienced in the forest environment. The study will include 24 participants, divided into four groups of 6 participants. Once a week for ten weeks, the participants will be offered a session of a 2.5-hour stay in the forest with breathing exercises, slow movement, time in silence and privacy and a social gathering to conclude each session. Before and after each session, the participants will be invited to fill in the Profile of their mood state to describe their mood/feelings. There will be three different forest locations with varied forest cover types, i.e., evergreen, deciduous and mistands. Participation in this study will be voluntary, and all results will be anonymously presented on a group level. This paper is a protocol paper describing in detail the venues/forest sites, the forest therapy intervention and the scientific methodological approach for evaluating the ten-week intervention. To our knowledge, this is the first study on forest bathing for cancer survivors in Sweden. The Swedish Ethical Review Authority has approved the study [Dnr 2022-02083-01].

Діагностика розвитку управління ризиками телекомунікаційних підприємств

The article provides an in-depth diagnosis of the development of risk management of telecommunications enterprises, taking into account the existing level of organization of risk management and the level of the enterprises’ economic stability in the context of digitalization of business processes. Thus, the imperatives for diagnosing the efficiency of risk management development are substantiated; a typology of clusters of telecommunication enterprises has been formed to determine the level of development of risk management; a system of indicators for assessing the level of organization of risk management of telecommunication enterprises and for determining the level of economic stability of the enterprise, taking into account risk factors, is proposed. Based on the proposed scientific-methodological approach, the coefficients of efficiency of risk management development are calculated and the level of efficiency is determined. It is found that the leading telecommunication enterprises of Ukraine, namely, PJSC «Kyivstar», PJSC «VF Ukraine», LLC «lifesell» and PJSC «Ukrtelecom» have a fairly high (above average or average) level of risk management development. The highest level of risk management development and the least «radical» focus of changes in risk management strategy is provided by Kyivstar PJSC. This enterprise has a progressive level of organization of risk management and the highest level of economic stability among the studied enterprises. PJSC «VF Ukraine» (2nd place after PJSC «Kyivstar») and LLC «lifesell» (respectively – 3rd place) have a sufficiently high (on the scale of «above average») level of risk management development. It is determined that at the present stage these enterprises have a standard, with elements of progressive, level of development of risk management and are sufficiently prepared for the use of innovative risk reduction mechanisms.

Problems of waste rock formation during mining of Western Donbass coal reserves: state-of-the-art and solutions

Purpose. The research purpose is to analyze and generalize the problems of waste rock accumulation, as well as to determine the directions for their possible solution in order to improve the ecological-economic conditions for mining coal reserves in the Western Donbass. Methods. A comprehensive scientific-methodological approach is used, which consists in studying regional accounts on the state of the environment, data from the register of waste disposal sites in the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, peculiarities of placement of dumps according to the Google Earth program and collected mine data. To study the feasibility of processing dumps, a SWOT-analysis is used, as well as the analysis of existing technologies for processing the rock mass from waste dumps, based on foreign and domestic experience. Findings. Nine rock dumps have been identified, formed as a result of the functioning of the Western Donbass coal mines, where almost 130 million tons of waste rocks have been accumulated on an area of about 190 hectares. It is noted that the reclamation of disturbed lands as the main means of rock utilization is insufficient. Based on a thorough analysis of the SWOT-analysis results, a strategic direction for processing has been determined – the use of rock mass as a raw material for construction (materials and roads) with accompanying extraction of coal, aluminum and iron. The existing technologies for the processing of waste rocks have been systematized. It has been determined that the largest scaling of waste dump processing in the Western Donbass mines can be achieved with a combination of mechanical-chemical methods, among which gravity and magnetic beneficiation methods, mechanical grinding and chemical leaching are priority. Originality. The mechanisms for handling coal waste from coal mines in the Western Donbass have been determined to solve ecological-economic problems associated with their accumulation. Practical implications. The research results reveal possible ways of solving the problems of waste rock accumulation in the Western Donbass mines, which makes ecological and economic sense.

Peculiarities of developing global value chains in the Context of chemical industry

Purpose. To identify organizational, operation, and development peculiarities of the global value chains in the chemical industry. Methodology. Tools of analysis and synthesis, generalization and scientific abstraction were applied to classify the world economy branches in terms of indices of value chain length and its geographical distribution while determining features of global value chain organization in the context of paint and coatings sector of the chemical industry; and static, economic, and comparative analyses were applied to define and interpret amounts of the value multiplier. Findings. Global value chains in the context of the chemical industry are studied. It has been identified that they are of more pronounced regional nature; moreover, their development is based upon a principle of approximation to a consumer. Distribution of the value within such chains is of dispersed nature; in addition, they differ in high length. The global value chains are analysed at the level of certain companies in paint and coatings sector of the chemical industry. Such chains are referred to a producer-driven type. It has been defined that they are characterized by heavy expenses associated with R&D as well as composition of paints and other coatings. The majority of production activities, implemented throughout the world, are performed by industrial manufacturers. It has been defined that the chains are developed generally as horizontally integrated structures. The major players in the paint and coatings market actively put into practice merger and acquisition strategies to extend supply chains and increase regional share. Computation of value multiplier helped prove that vertically integrated companies can generate greater value to compare with the companies which function and grow following the principles of horizontal integration. Originality. The paper substantiates scientific methodological approach to the analysis of the global value chains in the context of chemical industry which made it possible to single out characteristic features of their organization and functioning. Practical value. Determination of peculiarities of organizing the global value chains helps select possible management methods and tools which will make it possible to improve their functioning efficiency as well as their future progress potentials.

The impact of the oblast center on regional socio-economic development: the center-periphery dimension

Purpose. The paper aims to examine the impact of the oblast center on regional socio-economic development in the context of the center-periphery relationship.
 Methodology / approach. The general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, generalization, systematization, graphic method) and special ones (statistical analysis, comparison, organizational and managerial modeling) were the basis of the methodological approach. The author improved the scientific-methodological approach to the comprehensive evaluation of a region’s socio-economic development in terms of the center-periphery relationships based on interrelated stages and methods. It stipulates the research of the impact each district of a region has on the major socio-economic parameters of an oblast; calculation of the District Socio-Economic Development Index and its comparison with the district’s distance to the oblast center; evaluation of interdependencies between the districts’ shares in major socio-economic parameters of respective oblasts and their distance to the oblast center; and analysis of the development intensity of the oblast districts depending on their distance to the oblast center.
 Results. Testing the scientific-methodological approach on the example of three oblasts of Ukraine (Lvivska, Poltavska, and Chernihivska), which are developing in different spatial-geographic, socio-economic, and demographic conditions, has contributed to substantiating the features of generation and development of the center-periphery relationships in the regions with different initial development conditions; outlining the areas of socio-economic centers’ impact on the districts; detecting the intensity of positive stimulus generation and their absorption in the region considering the role of local “growth poles” in the process. 
 Originality / scientific novelty. The paper further develops the theoretical-methodological foundations of researching the center-periphery relationships in a region at the oblast center – oblast area level. The results of calculations following the author’s methodological approach have allowed developing the space structure for Ukrainian regions under research in the context of the center-periphery relationships.
 Practical value / implications. The conducted research based on the methodology developed by the author is quite important both in terms of the scientific-methodological aspect and in the context of addressing the important regional development tasks and searching for balanced and coherent spatial development.

Human Genome as an Object of Interdisciplinary Socio-Humanitarian Research and a System of Appropriate Methodological Means

The research is based on a comprehensive analysis of scientific articles devoted to the problems of obtaining, storing and using genomic information about a person. As a result of the analysis, the author put forward a hypothesis about the interdisciplinary interaction of social sciences and humanities in the process of research, the object of which is the human genome. The study tests the proposed hypothesis on the basis of the disclosure of its subject - the human genome as an object of interdisciplinary social and humanitarian research and the system of methodological means corresponding to them. During the research, the author relied on the general philosophical means of the methodology of science (categories of materialistic dialectics, foundations, conditions and principles of scientific knowledge), the systemstructural method and general logical methods (analogy, synthesis, analysis) used in socio-humanitarian studies. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the special significance of the consequences of the study and use of human genome for society and each individual personally determines the a priori social and humanitarian interdisciplinary connections, due to which human genome becomes the object of interdisciplinary social and humanitarian research. The analysis of these studies allowed revealing their subject orientation towards the social regulation of genomic research, the legal protection of genomic information and the focus on standardization (and in this sense, foreseeability) of research on human genome and the use of their results. At the same time, the use of methodological means of three levels is traced: philosophical and methodological analysis, general scientific methodological principles and a special scientific methodological approach.

Науково-практичний підхід до реалізації рефлексивного просторово-процесного управління складовими економічного потенціалу на підприємствах

The article considers the prerequisites for the implementation of spatial and process management of enterprises, taking into account modern development trends. It is determined that the implementation of enterprise potential management processes is possible in spaces that ensure effective functioning in the external environment. The developed scientific-methodological approach to the assessment of its components on the basis of a structural and logical model of strategy formation in the conditions of spatial and process management of economic potential of enterprises in the process of structural transformations is presented. The reasons and components that led to the change of the external environment are substantiated, with influencing which the enterprise can efficiently manage its own internal changes, constantly be committed to innovation and thereby ensure strong competitive positions. The assessment of their level of influence is carried out in accordance with the proposed stages. A structural and logical model for the formation of a strategy for managing the economic potential of enterprises in the process of structural transformations depending on the level of economic potential, the form of financial provision and the influence of the external environment, on the basis of the proposed cube of strategies, was developed, which allowed to form an aggregate of functional strategies. The positioning of machine-building enterprises in the cube of strategies was carried out in order to form a strategy for managing economic potential depending on the form of financing, the level of economic potential and the impact of the external environment.

Основные положения по управлению структурой источников наружного противопожарного водоснабжения и средств пожаротушения населенных пунктов

Purpose. Large-scale wildfires and mass fires in settlements result in people loss, damage the environment and country's economy. In this regard, the authors raise the issue of improving organization of extinguishing such emergencies in settlements, as well as the need to develop a scientific-methodological approach to managing the structure of external fire water supply sources and fire extinguishing equipment in settlements. This will allow evaluating and justifying means and forces to ensure protection and safety of settlements as well as readiness of local authorities for a fire hazard period and protection of rural settlements from fire exposure; reducing response time to fires; preventing or reducing population loss. Methods. To obtain the results, general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge were used: analysis, synthesis, generalization, which were based on the concepts of systems theory, mathematical statistics apparatus, algorithms theory, sets theory and reliability theory, theory of information and mathematical logic, the main methods of justifying and evaluating the effectiveness of water supply systems elements in settlements. Findings. An algorithm for controlling the structure of external water supply sources and fire extinguishing equipment for settlements in case of large-scale or mass fires has been developed. Research application field. The obtained results are recommended for use in developing summary plan for extinguishing forest fires in territorial subjects of the Russian Federation; passport of a settlement subjected to forest fires hazard; activities plan for preventing and eliminating natural and man-made emergencies in territorial subjects of the Russian Federation. Conclusions. The developed scientific and methodological approach to managing the structure of external water supply sources and fire extinguishing equipment in settlements in case of large-scale or mass fires is the theoretical basis for decision support to be used by fire and rescue units in protecting settlements from the impact of large-scale or mass fires.

Methodological Basis of the Comparative Evaluation of Inclusiveness Level of Economic Development

Abstract The article is devoted to the methodological basis of comparative assessment of the level of inclusion of economic development in different areas and regions. The article focuses on the methodological problems of analyzing, evaluating, and raising the level of inclusiveness of economic development. The importance of raising the level of inclusion in the context of new development trends in society and the economy is interpreted. The need for a new look at the scientific and theoretical basics of economic development are emphasized. Available studies on inclusive development issues are analyzed. Indicators and sub-indices characterizing the inclusive development of the society are proposed. An analysis of international scientific research on the problems of inclusive development was conducted. As the increase in the inclusion of the economy leads to an increase in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), the urgency of developing its prospects is justified. Ratings of advanced countries on inclusive economic development indices were analyzed. Indicators of inclusive development of international economic organizations have been identified and based on them, relevant improvements have been made and additions have been made. Indicators and sub-indices characterizing the inclusive development of society are offered. The evaluation of inclusive development at the international level is analyzed. The methodological basis of the evaluation of the inclusiveness level is explained and a technique is developed. Key efficiency indicators for inclusive growth and development have been identified. The country's National Inclusive Development Index (NII) is proposed as a dependency on sub-indices that reflect several areas. Subindices and indicators forming the level of inclusion of national economic development have been proposed. The scientific-methodological approach proposed for the assessment of inclusion at the national level is presented in the form of algorithms and conceptual stages. Assessment of the level of national inclusion is offered as Level I - inclusion at the national, social, or macro-level; Level II - inclusion of regional or individual cities and regions; Level III - intersectoral or sectorial inclusion; Level IV - inclusion in the private sector, non-governmental structures; Level V - inclusion in non-governmental and public administration; Level VI - inclusion in the micro or enterprises, production level; Level VII - in several sub-levels as individual inclusion in homes and families. National and international evaluation of the inclusive society and economic development is studied. The main factors of inclusive development of Azerbaijan's economy such as GDP per capita, labor productivity, expected healthy life length, employment level, Gini index of income, poverty level, Gini index of wealth, monthly household income, net savings, carbon capacity, public debt to GDP indicators such as ratio, demographic load ratio have been developed. The importance of the use of inclusion technologies was highlighted and reported on. It was noted that the effective platform for increasing the inclusion of the information society has many opportunities. It was noted that the globally implemented “Internet of Things” (IoT), Cloud computing, soft-computing, Big Data technologies, and components of the 4.0 Industrial Revolution will create additional opportunities for joint effective activities of citizens in society, increasing the level of inclusion.

Scientific-methodological approach for standardization of herbal raw materials and herbal preparations using high-performance thin-layer chromatography procedure

The high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) is widely used for quality control of herbal raw materials (HRM).
 The purpose of this work were to define the problematic issues of quality control of herbal drugs in Ukraine and to develop a systematic scientific and methodological approach for the standardization of HRM and herbal drugs using the modern analytical technique of HPTLC: to optimize the existing and develop new methods of identification and determination of adulterations, and to develop alternative methods of quantitative determination, as well as studying of the stability.
 As a result of a critical evaluation of existing approaches for the standardization of HRM and herbal drugs of Ukraine’s flora, numerous problematic issues were identified, including the existence of a limited number of national monographs / national parts of monographs on the HRM of the Ukraine’s flora, which were not previously standardized by other pharmacopeias; non-consideration of Ukraine’s flora species (non-pharmacopoeial) in monographs on closely related species that introduced in the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine; lack of specificity of combinations of physical and chemical methods used for quality control; lack of specificity and reproducibility, the labor intensity of methods; necessity of usage of toxic solvents and precursors; use of different groups of markers and methods for the HRM and its finished product or HRM and its closely related species, etc. The proposed systematic scientific and methodological approach includes: a preliminary collection of information about the object of study, markers/groups of bioactive substances, approaches to its standardization; theoretical evaluation of existing techniques of quality control in monographs on HRM and experimental approbation using samples of domestic plants, determination of the need for optimization of existed methods by the parallel development of specific, reproducible and documented methods for identification, adulterations’ detection, quantification, and bio-detection (if necessary) by HPTLC method. The approach is illustrated with examples.
 The proposed approach can be used for comprehensive HPTLC analysis of domestic HRM and herbal drugs for research, prevention of adulteration, standardization of initial HRM and its finished product, pharmaceutical development, and stability studies.

НАУЧНО-МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЙ ПОДХОД К ОЦЕНКЕ КАЧЕСТВА ФИНАНСОВОЙ СТАБИЛЬНОСТИ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ-ЗАЕМЩИКОВ

In modern conditions, it is necessary to form an indicator that reflects the properties of the financial stability of borrowing enterprises for partner banks. The article forms a system of indicators of the quality of financial stability of enterprises. Developed the scientific-methodological approach to assessing the quality of financial stability of enterprises. A distinctive feature of the presented approach is the integral indicator of the quality of financial stability, which, depending on the result obtained, allows you to attribute the enterprise to one of the four quality levels: absolute, normal, satisfactory, or unsatisfactory. Based on the data of five enterprises, the presented approach was tested. As a result of the calculations, it is determined that the advantages of the proposed integral indicator of the quality of the financial stability of the enterprise are, first of all, that its components are generally accepted, proven in practice financial indicators. In addition, information for calculating the generalizing quality indicator is provided by the company's financial and tax reporting data.

Науково-методичний підхід до оцінювання економічної безпеки будівельного підприємства

The article is aimed at developing a scientific-methodological approach to a comprehensive assessment of the economic security of a construction enterprise. The author proposes the scientific-methodological approach consisting of the following stages of assessment: 1) assessment of the level of economic security according to the functional components of the construction enterprise, based on the taxonomic approach to the formation of the general integral indicator by V. Plyut method; 2) assessment of the influence of the stakeholders’ interests on the level of economic security of a construction enterprise according to certain groups based on the expert method of score and factor analysis; 3) assessment of the impact of useful (opportunity) and destabilizing (threat) factors on the economic security of a construction enterprise by groups of stakeholders using the factor analysis methods; 4) ranking of stakeholder groups taking into account the priority of influence on the level of economic security of the construction enterprise; 5) determination of the general level of economic security of the construction enterprise, taking into account the interests and factors of influence by groups of stakeholders on the basis of the construction of a comprehensive integrated indicator of economic security of the construction enterprise. Carrying out an assessment of the economic security of a construction enterprise on the basis of the proposed scientific-methodological approach, taking into account the impact of the implementation of stakeholder interests and factors of influence by stakeholder groups, provides an opportunity to obtain a comprehensive assessment of the level of economic security of the enterprise, which contributes to the adoption of more effective managerial decisions to improve the level of economic security, stability of the functioning and development of the construction enterprise.

АНАЛІЗ ТА ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ РЕЗУЛЬТАТІВ ФІНАНСОВОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ АВІАЦІЙНОЇ ПРОМИСЛОВОСТІ

The article presents the results of the review and evaluation of the dynamics of economic effects from business financial policies based on the developed scientific methodological approach. A comprehensive assessment of the economic performance dynamics as an outcome of financial policy has been carried out according to the sustainability and turnover criteria for selected enterprises: SE «Antonov», LLC «Kyivaeroproekt», SE «Konotop Aircraft Repair Plant «Aviacon», SE «Lviv State Aircraft Repair Plant», SE «Kharkiv Machine-Building Plant (FED)» and PJSC «Motor Sich». The study employed integrated indicators subject to priorly defined criteria aimed at determining the deviation of the total value of the regulatory and optimizing financial tools efficiency that will enable to assessing the degree of enterprise enhancement. To evaluate the financial policy effectiveness, a methodological approach has been suggested based on the use of a hierarchical model and integrated indicator which includes basic indicators, in particular, the dynamics indicators as to the financial policy objects. The findings have revealed the objects of financial policy that need direct actions to improve the position of aviation enterprises by the criteria of sustainability and turnover. The study has also identified the key objects that urge critical changes and enhancing financial tools to manage stocks, financial assets, receivables, investments, loans, etc. Emphasis is placed on the optimization strategy and the need to build an effective depreciation policy. It is argued that the proposed methodological approach to evaluating the economic effects of the financial policy in the aviation industry will contribute to assessing its current state and adjusting the decision-making policy, as well as to modernizing the management framework and its economic effects on financial processes to boost innovation driven enterprise development.

A geoarchaeological methodology for sourcing chert artefacts in the Mediterranean region: A case study from Neolithic Skorba on Malta

AbstractThis article introduces a robust scientific methodological approach that has been effective on accurately sourcing prehistoric chert artefacts. The research focuses on the lithic assemblage of Skorba, a late Neolithic site of Malta, and local chert rock sources. This assemblage is mainly consisting of chert tools and artefacts, but the origin of the raw materials remains inconclusive. Although chert outcrops are reported on Malta, they have yet to be investigated and their petrological characteristics are unknown. Moreover, it was always assumed that nonlocal chert material has been only imported from Sicily. This, however, remains at a theoretical level and elaborate provenance research is necessary to test it. This archaeological background serves an excellent opportunity to employ an interdisciplinary methodology and address uncertainties that conventional archaeological practices seem unable to provide clear answers. This methodology includes geological techniques that focus on petrological and geochemical characteristics of chert formations. The collected results provide the necessary scientific evidence to connect some artefacts with their actual sources and provided useful information about the possible origin of others. This paper further aims to demonstrate the great prospects of this suite of techniques and its suitability for similar provenance studies of chert material worldwide.

Зрілість бізнес-процесів як основа для оцінки економічної безпеки підприємства торгівлі

A holistic understanding of the state of economic security of enterprise is ensured by the implementation of process management and assessment of security based on the maturity of business processes. Introduction of measures to improve the economic security of the enterprise on the bases of maturity of business processes allows to optimize the operational and investment activities of the enterprise and ensures its safety against the risks of inconsistent implementation of measures in accordance with the spheres of activity. The purpose of the research is to substantiate the maturity of the business processes of trade enterprise as a criterion for their economic security and on this basis the development of a system for assessing the economic security of the business processes of the enterprise. The ground for linkage of conceptions of process management and security management are the economic interests of the enterprise, which have to be protected (in terms of economic security) and implemented (in terms of process management). The attributes of maturity of business processes (safety of business process taking into account the materialization of the stakeholders’ interests, completeness of business process implementation) and the criteria for evaluation on their basis (effectiveness, efficiency, quality, completion of the management cycle) are allocated, which are taken into account for the formalization of the system of assessment of the level of economic security of the enterprise on the basis of maturity of their business processes. The developed system of indicators for assessment of business processes of trade enterprise allows to identify the level of maturity of business processes and determine on this basis the level of economic security of the enterprise. Prospects for further research in this direction are the substantiation of a scientific-methodological approach to the assessment of economic security of trade enterprise on the basis of maturity of its business processes.

Scientific-methodological approach to the substantiation of the rational seasonal scenario of using combine harvesters by large-scale agricultural producers

Аnnotation Purpose. To increase the efficiency of technological processes of grain harvesting by large-scale agricultural producers due to the rational use of combine harvesters available on the farm. Methods. In the course of the research the methods of system analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, system-factor and system-event approaches, graphic method were used. Results. Characteristic events that occur during the harvesting of grain crops, both within a single production unit and the entire agricultural producer are identified. A method for predicting time intervals of use and downtime of combine harvesters of production units has been developed. The roadmap of substantiation the rational seasonal scenario of the use of grain harvesters of large-scale agricultural producers is developed, which allows estimating the efficiency of each of the scenarios of multivariate placement of grain harvesters on fields taking into account influence of natural production and agrometeorological factors on the efficiency of technological cultures. Conclusions 1. Known scientific and methodological approaches to optimization of machine used in agriculture do not take into account the risks of losses of crops due to late harvesting, as well as seasonal natural and agrometeorological conditions of each production unit of the farmer, which requires a new approach to the rational use of rational seasonal combines of large agricultural producers. 2. The developed new approach to the substantiation of the rational seasonal scenario of the use of combined harvesters of large-scale agricultural producers allows taking into account the costs of harvesting of grain and the cost of the lost crop because of the lateness of harvesting at optimum variants of attraction of additional free combine harvesters. provides more profit. 3. The practical application of the developed road map will allow large-scale agricultural producers to use combine harvesters more efficiently and reduce harvesting costs. Keywords: combine harvesters, use, production divisions, risk, seasonal scenario, large-scale agricultural producers.

Physicochemical and Methodological Approaches to the Development of Integrated Processes for the Preparation of High-Purity Substances

This paper summarizes results of studies aimed at developing physicochemical and scientific methodological principles of the preparation of high-purity substances by integrated technological processes. We rely on the identification and chemical transformations of impurities in the recovery from raw materials, synthesis, and ultrapurification of substances by various methods. A scientific methodological approach has been developed for choosing and substantiating integrated processes for the preparation of extrapure-grade (6N or 7N) compounds with a total content of trace impurities from 0.1 to 1 ppm by weight from standard and unconventional raw materials. We have obtained batches of high-purity arsenic- and gallium-containing substances and tested them in the technology of advanced microelectronic and optical materials.