School Science Lessons Research Articles

Gakera Educational Game Media on Nusantara Kingdom Material

Teachers still need to work on providing learning media, especially technology-based media. The impact of this is low student learning outcomes. Thus, this research aims to develop technology-based learning media for grade IV elementary school science and science lesson content on Nusantara Kingdom material to improve student learning outcomes. This research is research and development (R&D). The development model used is the ADDIE development model. The data collection methods were observation, tests, questionnaires, and interviews. The data collection instruments are questionnaires and test questions. The research subjects are media experts and learning material experts. The test subjects, namely in the small-scale trial, were 6 students, while on a large scale, there were 18 students. Data analysis techniques use descriptive qualitative, quantitative analysis, and inferential statistics. The results of the feasibility test for Gakera's educational game media products, assessed by a team of experts, obtained an average score of 90% from media experts, which was included in the very feasible category. Furthermore, the average feasibility score by material experts was obtained at 87.5% with very feasible criteria. Next, a t-test was obtained with a Sig value. (2-tailed) of 0.000 on a small scale and a large scale. The Gakera educational game media was feasible and practical to be applied in the learning process because it increased student motivation and learning outcomes.

Examination of studies on artificial intelligence and chatbots in the context of secondary school science course: content analysis

This study aims to investigate the applications of artificial intelligence and chatbots in secondary school science lessons through descriptive content analysis. Using a qualitative case study approach, 20 theses from YÖKTEZ database and 10 international articles from Google Scholar were analysed, focusing on chatbots in science education. The results of the analysis revealed a notable increase in AI and chatbot-related theses between 2012 and 2023, especially in the last two years, highlighting the growing interest in e-learning and AI in STEM fields. Positive effects on student and teacher attitudes towards STEM education have been widely reported. However, besides the limited number of international studies, the discovery of only one secondary school thesis on chatbots unrelated to Science in Turkey points to a significant research gap in AI and chatbot integration into Science education. Addressing this gap may improve the application of AI and chatbot technologies in science teaching and reveal the need for further research to explore their potential benefits and applications in educational settings.

PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN MIND MAPPING BERBANTUAN MEDIA AUDIO VISUAL TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR

IPAS is a learning that prioritizes students' critical thinking skills. However, the lack of use of attractive learning models and media results in students not being interested in participating in social studies learning, so that students' social studies learning outcomes decrease. This study aims to determine the influence of the Mind Mapping learning model assisted by audio-visual media on the critical thinking skills of grade V students in science learning in elementary school cluster IV, Kediri district for the 2023/2024 school year. The population of this study is all class V in Cluster IV Kediri, with as many as 180 students. This research was conducted using a pseudo-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group. The results of data analysis showed that students who learned with the Mind Mapping model and audio-visual media had a significant increase in critical thinking skills compared to students who did not use this approach. The average score of critical thinking ability of students who used the Mind Mapping learning model was 88.39%, while students who did not use the model only achieved an average score of 80.32%. This shows that the mind-mapping learning model assisted by audio-visual media has a positive impact on the critical thinking ability of grade V students in science lessons in elementary school.

«FRIPPED CLASSROOM» TECHNOLOGY IN COMPUTER LESSONS IN PRIMARY GRADES

The article is devoted to the "flipped classroom" technology. Purpose: to carry out a systematic analysis of the application of the "flipped classroom" technology in computer science lessons in primary school. The article uses theoretical methods of scientific and pedagogical research, in particular: system-structural analysis, synthesis, classification, comparison, abstraction, generalization. The essence of the "flipped classroom" technology has been clarified. A comparative analysis of the researched technology with the traditional learning technology was carried out according to certain characteristics. The reasons for using the "flipped classroom" technology in computer science lessons in primary school are outlined. The peculiarities of the application of the researched technology are analyzed. The optimal methods and means of the "inverted classroom" technology are singled out. Models of implementation of this technology were analyzed as well. A number of recommendations on the effective use of technology in computer science lessons in primary school are highlighted. On the basis of the conducted research, it was concluded that the "flipped classroom" technology, in case it is organized properly, can be effective, increase the level of motivation and success of primary school children. The "flipped classroom" allows to change an approach from passive to active learning, thanks to which primary school children in computer science classes will have more time for practical work, which can help them develop digital skills. The features of the researched technology are that it focuses attention on the effective use of learning time in the classroom, promotes individualization of learning, allows younger students to take responsibility for learning, strengthens the interaction between the teacher and the student and changes the role of the teacher in the educational process from a translator to a facilitator. In the course of the research, the implementation model of the "flipped class" technology was adapted for computer science lessons in primary school, and tasks were developed for selected topics. It was found that the choice of the model depends on many factors, in particular: the topic of the lesson, the level of training of students, access to resources, planning of each stage. Therefore, the flipped classroom technology has significant potential to improve the quality of computer science education in primary school.

Collaborative Professional Development on Authentic Science May Reduce Barriers to Implementation in High School Classrooms

Teachers face challenges implementing authentic high school science lessons, particularly around inquiry practices and contemporary context. We created a collaborative curriculum design workshop to integrate authentic science activities on local invasive species into their classrooms while supplementing content knowledge via field trips to research sites and invasive species infestations. 36 teachers attended then implemented lessons they revised at the workshop in their classrooms. After implementation, we interviewed participants about barriers to lesson implementation. Teachers reported barriers of standardized testing, district mandates, time, and collaboration with other educators, all identified in previous literature. We also identified physical proximity as a barrier. Following professional development, several of the barriers were reduced or expected to be reduced for implementation of authentic science lessons, including collaboration, time, and physical proximity. We demonstrate the power of authentic science practice-based teacher professional development workshops that emphasize collaborative planning time for teachers while incorporating content presentations, in line with recommendations for teacher professional development writ large. We recommend collaborative professional development designs bringing together personnel from the same job site or district as well as from different districts while partnering with universities to retain university campus features such as access to active, authentic research sites.

Development of Elementary School Science Lessons for Cultivating Critical Thinking

Development of Elementary School Science Lessons for Cultivating Critical Thinking

ANALISIS MINAT BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA SD DAN SMP DI SD SMP SATAP 1 JEROWARU

Study This aim For analyze interest Study student on eye elementary and middle school science lessons at SD SMP Satap 1 Jerowaru . Type study This is method study descriptive. Form design used​ in researcher is qualitative. Technique data collection used as tool measuring or instrument covers Teacher interviews and Questionnaire to students, Questionnaires, and Observation to student. Interview used For get related data influencing factors​ interest study science. Questionnaire used For data collection with method submit question written For answered in a way written by students, with questionnaire We Can obtain information from respondents about self personal student or student things​ know. Questionnaire used For get related data profile interest students learn science. Observation used For obtain data related to the learning process in the classroom . Subject study This is all over class V and class VII at Satap Middle School Jerowaru , fifth grade teacher and class VII. Based on Results Questionnaire There are 10% of fifth grade elementary school students who are interested And on There are 15% of class VII junior high school students who are interested . Based on Results Questionnaire There are 15% of fifth grade elementary school students who are interested And on There are 15% of seventh grade junior high school students interested . Based on Results Questionnaire There are 30% of fifth grade elementary school students who are interested And on 20% of class VII junior high school students are sufficient interested . Based on Results Questionnaire There are 45% of fifth grade elementary school students who are interested And on There are 50% of class VII middle school students who are offline interested . So necessity cooperation between teacher and parent as well as environment school For create atmosphere learning fun​ For increase interest Study student especially on science learning . Replace pattern think students who think learning scary become learning fun​

Pengembangan Video Tutorial Dampak Penggunaan Zat Aditif Pada Makanan Dan Minuman Mata Pelajaran IPA Sekolah Menengah Pertama

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the development of video tutorials for junior high school science classes about the impacts of additive use on food and beverages, as well as to gauge the effectiveness of the tutorials. The five steps of the ADDIE development model analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation are used in this work. This study discovered that junior high school science classes have gone through multiple phases of developing video lessons on the impacts of utilising chemicals on food and beverages. Among them are validation from material experts, which received a very decent rating of 95.4 percent, and validation from media experts, which received a decent assessment of 86.4 percent. Field trials were conducted to measure the effectiveness of this video tutorial media. This includes a 93% science teacher trial with very decent assessments; a small group trial with 9 students showed a result of 84.8% with a decent assessment; and a large group trial with 25 students from class IX C at SMP Negeri 1 Muaro Jambi showed a result of 90.8% with a decent assessment. This development shows that video tutorials on the effects of additive use on food and beverages, especially those related to science lessons in junior high school, can be considered a feasible, efficient, and high-quality learning method. This development shows that video tutorials on the effects of additive use on food and beverages, especially those related to science lessons in junior high school, can be considered as feasible, efficient, and high-quality learning methods. Based on this development, it is suggested that many people, especially science teachers in junior high schools, consider using this video tutorial as one of the most useful learning media. Therefore, it is expected to increase students' understanding and interest in learning about the impact of the use of additives on food and beverages in science studies.

Assessment and practical science: identifying generalizable characteristics of written assessments that reward and incentivise effective practices in practical science lessons

ABSTRACT High-stakes assessments prominently influence what is done in secondary school science lessons (‘washback’ effects). It is therefore important that assessments of knowledge and understanding gained from practical work are constructed to reward and incentivise effective practices in practical work. To do that, they must differentiate between pupils who have experienced practical work in different ways. This empirical, mixed-methods study identifies generalizable characteristics of written assessments that differentially reward pupils who experienced practical activities through hands-on work, teacher demonstration, video demonstration, or reading about the activity. Conclusions are drawn from 1486 post-intervention tests completed by pupils aged 14–15 in England, from lesson observations and teacher interviews. This study also identifies pedagogical practices that were more noticeable in practical work that was most rewarded by the written assessments: the work was teacher-guided; and pupils were encouraged to be active participants. Existing literature describes negative washback effects of high-stakes, written assessments that limit the use and effectiveness of practical work as a pedagogical tool. We describe ways in which written assessments could be constructed to better reward effective practices in practical work (practices that better support learning), with the intention of having positive washback effects on pedagogy by better incentivising these practices.

Integrating historical cases in middle school science curriculum: Copernican revolution and the solar system

Research shows that middle school science teachers in the United States rarely integrate history of science or historical cases in their lessons (Hottecke & Allchin, 2020). History of science plays a great role in building robust foundational knowledge in science disciplines, especially in the hearts of middle school students. This article describes a step-by-step teaching technique on how to integrate historical cases in middle school science lessons. In this paper, the author used a historical case of Copernican revolution and the solar system as an illustration to demonstrate how middle school science teachers could effectively explain scientific concepts to their students through historical perspectives.

Teacher and Parent Perceptions of Student's Learning Loss in Post-Pandemic Science Learning

This study aims to see how teachers and parents perceive learning loss of students after the pandemic, especially in junior high school science lessons. The research method uses a qualitative approach with the qualitative data analysis model used is Miles and Huberman, includes data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion. The study result that students have started to forget the atmosphere of brave learning, but habits such as wanting to easily get lesson results are still carried over to this day. Parents also feel that their children have revived their interest, motivation and learning outcomes when compared to the pandemic two years ago. The existence of online learning has an impact on learning, especially interest, motivation, and student learning outcomes. This impact has even caused learning loss for students until after the pandemic. Although slowly but surely, students' interest and learning motivation began to show an increase in line with the return to normal face-to-face learning.

DEVELOPMENT OF SHARED-TYPE INTEGRATED E-MODULE WITH THEME “MOTION OF OBJECTS AND LIVING THINGS IN OUR ENVIRONMENT” FOR SECONDARY SCHOOL SCIENCE LESSON

This study aims to develop a shared-type integrated e-module with theme “Motion of objects and living things in our environment” for secondary school science lesson. Plomp model is used in this Research and Development study, which consist of three stages namely: preliminary research, prototype stage, and assessment stage. A set of questionnaires was prepared to test validity and practicality of product. Validity test was conducted involving three lecturers from Science Education department, and practicality test was conducted involving 9 students and 3 science teachers at SMPN 1 Kampar. The results of the validity test gave the value of 89.79% which belongs to highly valid category, practicality test with students gave the value of 90.74% and with teacher 93.75% which belong to highly practical.

Higher order thinking in social science education

The aim of this article is to discuss what kinds of higher order thinking are encouraged in social science lessons in lower secondary school. The study used a research design employed by Klette et al. (2017) with video-taped lessons from social science education in Denmark and Norway. We identified teaching segments that included activities promoting higher order thinking and analysed them to produce an overview of the characteristics of cognitively demanding teaching. We found several examples of teaching that encouraged students’ higher order thinking, either by facilitating student’s interaction with complex knowledge or engaging them in demanding cognitive processes. By analysing selected examples, we found that the relationship between knowledge and processes was not linear: it seems possible to have a cognitively demanding task with little knowledge, and simple tasks performed oncomplex knowledge. We argue for using a two-dimensional model that captures cognitive processes as well as different types of knowledge required.

The Effect of Augmented Reality Technology on Environmental Thinking, Environmental Behavior and Attitude toward Environment Variables in Science Lesson

The use of technology in science learning is quite common. One of these widely used technologies is Augmented reality (AR) technology. This research was purposed to examine the effectiveness of AR technology on students' attitudes, thinking, and behaviors toward the environment and to examine the relationship between these variables. The research will have a meaningful context in the literature as it supports raising individuals with positive behaviors, thinking, and attitudes toward the environment. The research process was arranged according to the quasi-experimental design's pre and post-test control group model. It was conducted with an experiment and a control group. While AR technology was used in the experimental group, it was applied to the existing program in the control group. The sample consisted of 53 participants in the 5th grade, which are 27 students in the Control group and 26 in the Experimental group. In the study, data was collected with the environmental attitude scale. MANOVA and correlation coefficient analyzed data collected in the context of research. The results showed that using AR positively contributes to secondary school students' attitudes, thinking, and behaviors toward the environment. In addition, it was determined that there were positive or negative relationships between some of the environmental attitudes, behavior, and thinking variables in the experimental and control groups. According to the research results, it is recommended to utilize AR technology in lessons to raise individuals who develop positive thinking, behaviors, and attitudes towards the environment within the context of secondary school science lessons.

Integrating augmented reality into inquiry-based learning approach in primary science classrooms.

Notwithstanding the advantages of incorporating Augmented Reality (AR) in education, AR's concrete uses as compared to other technologies are not fully recognised. Moreover, many of the existing studies have neglected to examine the impact of pedagogy and its corresponding instructional models, whilst implementing AR in teaching and learning. In leveraging the affordances of AR, an inquiry-based learning framework, referred to as QIMS, was proposed in this study. A learning package was developed on the topic of plant reproduction for primary 5 students (aged 11-12) based on the QIMS framework. Using a quasi-experimental approach, this study evaluated three conditions (AR and QIMS; QIMS; Non-AR and Non-QIMS) for a series of science lessons in a primary school. 117 students took part in this study. The quantitative results showed that although there was no statistically significant difference in students' academic performance when AR was used, students' self-directed learning and creative thinking skills increased significantly after partaking in the QIMS inquiry-based lessons. The usage of AR and QIMS had a significant effect in increasing students' critical thinking and knowledge creation efficacy skills. Moreover, in view of students' academic outcomes, the integration of QIMS and AR proved to be more beneficial to low-progress students. Qualitative analysis of the interview data from teachers and students aids in accounting for the quantitative results and indicate productive implementation strategies. The findings of this study will guide the design of future AR interventions, by providing insights for both researchers and practitioners on how to integrate and implement AR with pedagogical approaches.

Interactive Game Media Development Wordwall Website Based on Class V Elementary School Science Lessons

Interactive Game Media Development Wordwall Website Based on Class V Elementary School Science Lessons

Development of Prezi-Based KOH Link Learning Media in Elementary School Science Lessons

The background of this research is because the Prezi application-based KOH Link learning media has not yet been developed in science learning. In the learning process, the teacher already uses learning media but is less creative, while at school the facilities and infrastructure are adequate, such as LCD projectors. This study aims to determine the process of developing prezi-based KOH Link learning media products, to determine the level of effectiveness of learning media. This type of research is research and development (research and development) of the Four-D model which consists of defining, designing, developing, and disseminating. Data collection techniques are carried out by carrying out effectiveness. Data analysis techniques are performed by calculating the average value of the results of effectiveness. The results showed that classical completeness was 81.48% with very good criteria and student responses obtained an average of 3.7 with very positive criteria. Thus, it can be concluded that the Prezi-based KOH Link learning media in classifying animals based on the type of food is very effective as one of the media in science subjects.

Development of Sparkol Videoscribe-Based Learning Media in Fourth-Grade of Elementary School Science Lessons

Learning media that are generally used are less attractive and cannot be used optimally independently. Meanwhile, at the fourth-grade level of elementary school, students need engaging media that can be used independently at home. Sparkol Videoscribe-based learning media can help students understand the material and foster interest in learning and independent learning. This study aims to develop Sparkol Videoscribe-based learning media in science lessons for fourth-grade of elementary schools and determine its feasibility. The research method used is Research and Development (RD) which was conducted in two elementary schools in Jakarta. The research model used is 4D with define, design, develop, and disseminate stages. The data collection technique used was a questionnaire. The results related to media expert validation were 86.1%, material expert validation results were 88.8%, and linguist validation results were 94.7%, so overall, it became 89.7% with a very decent category. The results of user trials conducted by teachers and students obtained a value of 92.5% for teacher trials and 92.3% for students. These results make Sparkol Videoscribe-based learning media in the fourth grade of elementary school science lessons feasible. If implemented, it will increase learning effectiveness and motivate learners to be more active and creative.

WEBQUEST TECHNOLOGY IN COMPUTER LESSONS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL

The article is devoted to webquest technology in computer science lessons in elementary grades. The purpose of the article is to provide a general description of the webquest technology, to study the specifics of its application in elementary school computer science classes, as well as to identify the impact of webquests on the quality of education. The essence of the concepts “webquest” and “webquest technology” has been clarified. The main idea of the webquest is defined, which consists in the active partnership interaction of students with each other and with web resources, which contributes to the development of motivation to study, information literacy and digital competence of schoolchildren. The main elements of webquest technology (scenario, tasks, resources, interactivity, evaluation) are defined. It was found that there are several classifications of webquests, one of the most optimal is the division of webquests by the level of technical complexity. The algorithm for preparing and conducting a webquest has been adapted for computer science lessons in elementary school. It was found that the webquest is built according to the logic of the technology of problem-based learning: from posing a problem to ways of solving it, presenting the result and reflection, which is aimed at the development of the student of education as an active subject of life: Several online resources for webquests are offered, which are advisable to use in lessons computer science in elementary grades (LearningApps.org, Kahoot!, Quizlet, Quizizz, Edpuzzle, Webquest). The topics in computer science for the fourth grade are offered, from which it is advisable to conduct webquests. The main features of the use of webquests in computer science lessons in elementary school are analyzed. Tethodological recommendations for teachers have been developed. It was found that when using webquests in computer science classes, certain challenges and limitations should be taken into account when using webquest technology in the educational process. It was determined that webquest technology is an effective means of developing information literacy and digital competence of junior high school students in computer science lessons in elementary grades.

Development of E-Comic Based on Local Wisdom to Improve Scientific Literacy

This research is the development of local wisdom-based e-comics to increase scientific literacy. Learning media can help achieve learning objectives. This study aims to develop e-comic learning media based on local wisdom to improve scientific literacy in grade IV elementary school. The type of research used is Research and Development with the ADDIE development model namely Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. This study used test subjects by carrying out validity tests on media experts, material experts, learning experts and the responses of ten fourth grade elementary school students. Data collection using a questionnaire instrument. Research data were analyzed by means of descriptive quantitative and descriptive qualitative. The results of the media expert validator are categorized as very valid. The results of the material expert validator are categorized as very valid. The results of the learning expert validator are categorized as very valid. As well as the results of the responses of ten fourth grade elementary school students categorized as very valid. The overall results of the validator test are categorized as very valid so that e-comic media based on local wisdom can be used with learning alternative energy sources in grade IV Elementary School Science lessons.