School Education Research Articles

School education for postponing the end of the world? The illusion of sustainable capitalism and the education in the work Ailton Krenak

The objective of this bibliographical research was to develop a more rigorous reflection on the contradictions between sustainable capitalism and some of Ailton Krenak's ideas about school education. Mainly because this author is a critic of the destructive process that planet Earth is going through, a result of the predatory mechanisms engendered by marketing practices. The methodology used was qualitative, bibliographic, and sought to answer the question: what is the role of school education in postponing the end of the world? The conclusion is yes, school education is relevant to reconfigure this situation of environmental destruction, but it is necessary to change the ways in which we experience the educational process.

Do Chinese secondary schools develop global citizens?

ABSTRACT This paper examines the nature of global citizenship education in Chinese secondary schools by investigating what kind of global citizens these institutions try to develop in the twenty-first century. Drawing on qualitative data from six high schools in China, the study reveals a distinctive Chinese perspective shaping the understanding of global citizenship. Educators purposefully harmonise the attributes of global citizens with cultural and traditional values inherent to the Chinese context, actively seeking common ground while adhering to national government policies. The research underscores a deliberate effort to connect global citizenship with the necessity of adapting to international competition and China’s role in world leadership. Furthermore, notable variations emerge among schools in their conceptualisations of developing global citizens, reflecting diverse expectations aligned with the different strata of students within China’s highly centralised education system. This exploration provides insights into the nuanced nature of global citizenship education in Chinese secondary schools.

語言知識和主題熟悉度對越南高中生第二外語寫作的聯立效應:一個簡易的SEM 模式

AbstractThis study seeks to investigate the impact of linguistic knowledge and topic familiarity on upper secondary school students’ L2 writing performance in the Vietnamese context. A structural equation modeling (SEM) model was employed to analyse quantitative data collected from 131 students from Binh Duong province. Results revealed that linguistic knowledge positively influenced L2 writing performance, with mid-to-low-frequency vocabulary knowledge having the greatest impact. High-frequency vocabulary knowledge and grammar knowledge were also significant but to a lesser extent. Furthermore, self-reported familiarity with the topic did not account for variances in L2 writing performance when students were given the same topic. The study provides implications for research and teaching of L2 writing, suggesting that linguists, teachers and researchers should consider both linguistic knowledge and topic familiarity in designing and implementing effective L2 writing instructions in Vietnamese public secondary schools.

Teacher knowledge: insights for continuing education in Southern Brazil

The pandemic caused by Covid-19 has caused education, on a global scale, to face increasing challenges in considerable aspects, from the social and economic inequality of students and teachers to the so-called learning deficit at all levels. Considering the essential dialogue between the university, through its teacher education courses and the basic education school, an applied research project was developed (participatory action research) whose theme presupposes technological innovation from a double perspective, as a means and an end. Means, through the proposed teaching methodology, integrated with technology with a view to changes and innovation in the work processes of basic education teachers when implemented. End, considering the pedagogical products generated after implementing the methodology, digital learning objects that, by nature, encompass different technologies for learning purposes. Furthermore, through the effective participation of teachers linked to the action research proposal, the results suggest the effectiveness of teaching resignification, made possible by continuing education, regarding their role as mediators and curators of the pedagogical process, aware that their knowledge of teacher involves the content, pedagogical and technological dimensions, as well as the role of information and communication technologies as an integral part of their pedagogical work.

It's more than just beating teen pregnancy: Incentivizing comprehensive sex education programs in the United States

AbstractCurrently in the United States, many states provide abstinence only education to students, if sexual education is mandatory at all. This is largely because of the 2017 policy that redirected funding through grants from comprehensive sexual education to abstinence only education. This Note proposes that the current administration redirect the money back to comprehensive sexual education policies that were productive during the early 2010s. The federal government should also provide a level‐based curriculum to states to ease the implementation of comprehensive sexual education in schools.

A surge in queries: Analyzing the increased public interest in dry needling using Google trends – A cross-sectional observational study

BackgroundTo monitor public interest (PI) in information related to Dry needling (DN) therapy and examine potential temporal, seasonal, and income-related trends that may impact PI by using the relative search volume (RSV) from the Google Trends tool for the keyword "Dry Needling." MethodsFor this cross-sectional observational study, a dataset was created using the Google Trends tool from 2004 to the present in the United States (US). To examine potential income-related disparities in PI in DN across the US, RSV values were recorded in the five states with the highest and the lowest median income (Maryland, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Utah, and Washington and Mississippi, West Virginia, Arkansas, New Mexico, Kentucky, respectively). ResultsA linear regression model showed that the PI in DN increased significantly (R2 = 0,902, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences between the RSV values between the month of the year and the season of the year (p = 1.000 and p = 0.997, respectively). RSV values of the five highest-income and low-income states showed significant increases (R2 = 0,624, p < 0.001, and R2 = 0,477, p < 0.001, respectively). More rapid growth in interest in DN in states with high income compared to those with low income (p < 0.001). ConclusionsPI in DN treatment is increasing in both high and low-income states. States with higher incomes are more interested. DN treatment is expected to become more popular, which will lead to a rising demand for comprehensive education in medical schools and clinician training programs. In addition, there will also be a need for easily accessible, high-quality information resources.

Study on socio-economic status and farming practices of fish farmers in Pachrauta Municipality, Bara, Nepal

An interview-based questionnaire survey was done in 2021 to assess the socio-economic conditions, farming practices adopted, and problems faced by fish farmers and to analyze the cost and benefits of fish farming in the Fish super zone area of Pachrauta Municipality, Bara district. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 60 respondents for the study and the information collected was analyzed and processed by MS-Excel and SPSS. The majority of respondents were male, belonged to the age group of 25–36 years, and had a secondary level of school education. The mean total land holding size was found to be 3.65 ± 2.57 bigha with a total pond area of 1.38 ± 1.08 bigha and a small minority (18 %) practiced contract farming. Most of the farmers were found to have experience of 6–11 years (40 %). The farming system was polyculture and mostly Intensive (60 %). While the use of modern equipment was low (25 %), the majority of farmers (>90 %) practiced regular drying and liming of ponds. Mid-April to Mid-July was the most preferred time of stocking and the big fraction of feed used was locally prepared (70 %). Fertilizer use and Multiple harvesting were also common. Fish farming in the study area was found to fetch an average annual income of 0.95 million NRs. The major problems faced by farmers were Expensive feed (0.67), Lack of quality seeds (0.60), and Lack of proper marketing channels (0.55). Despite the constraints, Economic analysis revealed fish production in the study area as a profitable business with a BC ratio of 2.20 and a high gross margin value (Rs. 1330341.6 per hectare).

Assessing a Child's Readiness for Kindergarten Learners Based on Age and Skills: Views of Teachers

This phenomenological study unfolded the views of teachers in assessing a child’s readiness for kindergarten based on age and skills. The narratives reflected the lived experiences, challenges, coping mechanisms and insights of the kindergarten teachers. There were eight (8) teacher-participants who have experiences kindergarten assessment, and they are purposively selected as informants. The data gathering of information in this phenomenological inquiry had employed in-depth interview of participants through virtual conference and limited face-to-face subsequently observing strict compliance of standard health protocol. Using thematic analysis, the views of the teachers in assessing a child’s readiness for kindergarten based on age and skills were as follows: Diverse Developmental Levels, Social and Emotional Variances, and Language Development Evaluation. On the coping mechanisms they employed to address challenges, the following were the themes and findings of the study: Adaptability to Individual Needs, Professional Development and The importance of observation. Lastly, the following were the insights drawn from the findings of the study: Data-Informed Decision Making and Parental Involvement Strategies. The goal of this study was to understand the experiences of teachers in terms of assessing school readiness based on age and skills. The new knowledge drawn from this study is noteworthy for quality delivery of education in school.

Empowering Learners to Improve English Language Performance through Group Discussion Strategy in Selected Secondary Schools in Rwanda

This study investigates the impact of the group discussion strategy on English language performance among secondary school students in Rwanda. Recognizing the critical role of English proficiency in academic achievement and future career opportunities, the research addresses the persistent challenges faced by students in mastering the language through traditional teaching methods. The study adopts a descriptive research design using a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative data to assess the effectiveness of group discussions in enhancing students' comprehension, speaking, reading, and writing skills. This study was guided by Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory. Data were collected through filled questionnaires from students, teachers’ and administrative staff. Results indicate that the group discussion strategy significantly improves students' English language performance by fostering interactive and collaborative learning environments. Students showed increased engagement, motivation, and confidence in using English. The findings suggest that incorporating group discussions into the curriculum can effectively empower learners and enhance English language education in Rwandan secondary schools. The study established that group discussions significantly contribute to improving various language skills among students. The interactive nature of these discussions fosters engagement and participation, leading to heightened confidence and motivation among students. The study recommends integrating structured group discussions into Rwanda's English curriculum, supported by teacher training. It emphasizes creating supportive environments, leveraging technology, promoting peer support, and implementing continuous assessment and feedback. These measures aim to improve English proficiency, enhancing students' academic success and future prospects in a globalized world.

Caregiver recruitment strategies for interventions designed to optimize transitions from hospital to home: lessons from a randomized trial

Challenges to recruitment of family caregivers exist and are amplified when consent must occur in the context of chaotic healthcare circumstances, such as the transition from hospital to home. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic during our randomized controlled trial provided an opportunity for a natural experiment exploring and examining different consent processes for caregiver recruitment. The purpose of this publication is to describe different recruitment processes (in-person versus virtual) and compare diversity in recruitment rates in the context of a care recipient’s hospitalization. We found rates of family caregiver recruitment for in-person versus virtual were 28% and 23%, respectively (p = 0.01). Differences existed across groups with family caregivers recruited virtually being more likely to be younger, white, have greater than high school education, and not be a spouse or significant other to the care recipient, such as a child. Future work is still needed to identify the modality and timing of family caregiver recruitment to maximize rates and enhance the representativeness of the population for equitable impact.

Reading landscape by high school graduates in Czechia: the perspective of high school teachers and academic geographers

Understanding and practicing the skill of reading landscape is paramount for responsible behavior. The European Landscape Convention underscores the importance of comprehending the ongoing processes in one’s surroundings, with a dual aim of landscape preservation and efficient utilization. This proficiency should extend beyond geography graduates, becoming an integral part of school education. Surprisingly, the development of reading landscape has been largely overlooked in both school curricula and educational research. This study engaged 21 high school geography teachers and academic geographers who provided 274 questions in response to photographs depicting diverse landscapes, including urban, rural, and natural, at varying levels of detail. Teachers exhibited greater creativity and posed questions demanding more active interaction with the images compared to academic geographers. Notably, some photographs evoked strikingly similar inquiries. Through a rigorous qualitative analysis of the questions offered, we crafted a definition of reading landscape tailored for high school graduates, expressed as expected outcomes. This definition holds promise as a practical guide for geography educators seeking to cultivate these essential skills and offers a foundation for further exploration in the realm of reading landscape.

Peran Komunikasi Orang Tua Dengan Pihak Sekolah Tadika Didik Bestari Gemilang Dalam Layanan Anak Autisme di Lembaga Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini

This research aims to analyze the role of inclusive education in optimizing the development of children with autism, with a focus on the Tadika Didik Bestari Gemilang School in Malaysia. The research method used is a case study with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques used in this research include interviews, in-depth observations with parents and teachers and documentation studies at the research location. The data analysis technique used is qualitative data analysis technique, which includes data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that BL, a child with autism, experienced significant positive changes in social interaction, language, behavior and fine motor skills after joining an inclusive school. Effective collaboration between parents, teachers, and special educators in schools plays a crucial role in supporting BL development. The conclusion of this research is that inclusive education not only facilitates the active participation of children with autism in the learning process, but also supports them in achieving their full potential in a supportive educational environment.

Unveiling the Merdeka Curriculum: A Review of Local Wisdom Integration in Civic Education for Junior High Schools

Unveiling the Merdeka Curriculum: A Review of Local Wisdom Integration in Civic Education for Junior High Schools

O-109 Reproductive health education: collaborative design of a learning platform for secondary school education involving reproductive health experts, pupils, and teachers

Abstract Study question Which reproductive health information do pupils miss in their education and what is the optimal way of building a learning platform to close that gap? Summary answer Teachers and students alike would welcome a novel fertility education platform. Ideally, the platform should organize information based on the educational objectives for enhanced usability. What is known already Research on fertility awareness in the general population reveals lack of understanding among young people regarding crucial aspects of reproductive health, for example the age-related impact on fertility. Literature suggests that this knowledge gap should be addressed through diverse channels, including schools. Presently, school sexual education predominantly concentrates on preventing unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases. Notably, the updated educational objectives in Flemish Secondary Education have recently incorporated the influence of lifestyle factors on fertility. Consequently, teachers have been urged to create novel instructional materials centered on this crucial theme. Study design, size, duration This mixed-method observational study encompassed a baseline measurement with open and closed questions among 1700 third-grade secondary education pupils. Additionally, it involved focus group discussions with 6 teachers and 24 pupils. The baseline measurement occurred between February and April 2022, while the focus group interviews took place in April and May 2022. Participants/materials, setting, methods A baseline measurement examined the knowledge of secondary school pupils aged between 15 and 19 years in Flanders (Belgium), explored current sexual education topics, their evaluations, and preferences for future reproductive health education. Focus group discussions investigated optimal delivery methods and structural frameworks for fertility learning materials. Main results and the role of chance Survey results revealed that most pupils desired more information on reproductive issues, with some expressing a preference for a dedicated weekly course. Over 50% noted the absence of discussions about infertility, IVF, and egg freezing topics in school and expressed a desire for more information, a sentiment that was echoed in the focus groups with pupils. Teachers, in their focus groups, favored an online platform with structured teaching materials aligned with learning goals. With anticipated new learning goals by September 2023, teachers welcomed fertility-specific learning materials. Their preference went out to versatile resources (videos, quizzes, infographics) rather than ready-made courses or presentations, providing flexibility in lesson integration. Considering these insights, the following platform was developed: www.allesovervruchtbaarheid.be/en. Ongoing refinement occurred through workshops where teachers provided feedback for further enhancements to meet their instructional needs. Limitations, reasons for caution A limited number of motivated teachers participated in the focus group discussions. Structured feedback collection has not taken place yet but is scheduled for February 2024. Wider implications of the findings Implementing fertility education in secondary schools poses challenges due to an overloaded curriculum. The introduction of new learning goals, including one on the impact of lifestyle on fertility, provided an opportune momentum to integrate a fertility education learning platform. Trial registration number not applicable

The implementation of compulsory relationships and sex education in English secondary schools: qualitative research in the 2022–23 school year

ABSTRACT The quality of sex education varies. In England from 2020, the government attempted to improve provision by making lessons a statutory requirement. We assessed implementation in 25 secondary schools in 2022–23, framed by May’s general theory of implementation. This identifies processes of sense-making, cognitive participation, collective action and reflexive monitoring, influenced by an intervention’s capability, stakeholder potential (individual and collective commitment), and institutional capacity (norms, and material and cognitive resources). Interview data from staff leading relationships and sex education (RSE) were coded thematically informed by May’s concepts. Those leading implementation ‘made sense’ of statutory guidance, finding it relevant and clear. ‘Cognitive participation’ among participants was strong, promoted by individual support for RSE but undermined by social norms prioritising academic attainment, limited skills among non-specialist teachers, and lack of ‘collective commitment’ among some staff and students. ‘Collective action’ varied across schools, influenced by availability of material resources and specialist staff. Schools undertook internal the ‘reflexive monitoring’ of provision, supported by school leaders’ awareness work would be assessed by government inspectors. On its own, statutory status is likely insufficient to achieve a step-change in RSE implementation. Other forms of support may be needed including training and offering support to more specialist teachers.

Laparoscopic training workshop to assess medical students’ skill acquisition and interest in surgical careers

BackgroundWith its minimally invasive approach, laparoscopic surgery has transformed the medical landscape. As the demand for these procedures escalates, there is a pressing need for adept surgeons trained in laparoscopic techniques. However, current training often falls short of catering to medical school education. This study evaluates the impact of a custom-designed laparoscopic training workshop on medical students’ surgical skills and career aspirations.MethodsThis prospective experimental study was conducted at the E-Da hospital in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. Medical students from Taiwanese medical schools undergoing Clerk 5, Clerk 6, and Postgraduate Year 1 and 2 were invited to participate. Medical students (n = 44) underwent an endoscopic skill training workshop consisting of lectures, box training, and live tissue training. The trainees performed multiple tasks before and after training using our objective evaluation system. The primary outcome was assessed before and after training through a questionnaire assessing the influence of training on students’ interest in surgery as a career. The secondary outcome measured improvement in skill acquisition, comparing the task completion time pre- and post-workshop. For the primary outcome, descriptive statistics were used to summarize the questionnaire responses, and paired t-tests were performed to determine significant changes in interest levels post-workshop. For the secondary outcome, paired t-tests were used to compare the time recorded pre- and post-training.ResultsPost-training, participants exhibited significant proficiency gains, with task completion times reducing notably: 97 s (p = 0.0015) for Precision Beads Placement, 88.5 s (p < 0.0001) for Beads Transfer Exercise, 95 s (p < 0.0001) for Precision Balloon Cutting, and 137.8 s (p < 0.0001) for Intracorporeal Suture. The primary outcome showcased an increased mean score from 8.15 pre-workshop to 9.3 post-workshop, indicating a bolstered interest in surgery as a career. Additionally, post-training sentiment analysis underscored a predominant inclination toward surgery among 88% of participants.ConclusionThe custom-designed laparoscopic workshop significantly improved technical skills and positively influenced students’ career aspirations toward surgery. Such hands-on training workshops can play a crucial role in medical education, bridging the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical skills and potentially shaping the future of budding medical professionals.

Educational Public Policies for The Rural Area: An Analysis of the Closure of Basic Education Schools in Brazil

Access to education for peasants in the history of Brazilian society has always been denied, with the absence of public policies for peasants, as the result of a political and social process of denial of minority groups. The text address the issue of closure of schools in the countryside as a growing social phenomenon that has been expanding in the countryside of Brazil. Thus, the general objective of this text is to analyze the issue of the right to education for peasants, focusing on the high number of school closures in the countryside, seeking to understand the consequences for the peasantry. The closure of this institutions has become a problem that effects the importance of the countryside in Brazil, given that access to education is a right for everyone, including those who live and are from the countryside. However, public management has closed activities in schools in the countryside, making it difficult the access to education for peasants. The research has a qualitative character, where initially a survey and bibliographic review was carried out supported by Magalh&amp;atilde;es (2017), Ribeiro (2012), Brasil (2010), Diniz (2010), Nogueira (2019), Silva (2018) and other authors. In a second segment, data was collected on the number of schools closed in Brazil between the years of 1997 to 2022, and finally, data and information processing and analysis thereof. The results indicate that the closure of schools in the countryside violates the right to human development of the peasantry, as it is understood that the uprooting of peasant culture, the lack of educational policies for the countryside and the cutting of spending on education are linked to the closure of these institutions.

The Association Between a Neighborhood Adverse Childhood Experiences Index and Body Mass Index Among New York City Youth.

Background: The role of neighborhood factors in the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and body mass index (BMI) has not been widely studied. A neighborhood ACEs index (NAI) captures neighborhood environment factors associated with ACE exposure. This study examined associations between BMI and an NAI among New York City (NYC) youth. An exploratory objective examined the NAI geographic distribution across NYC neighborhoods. Methods: Data for students attending NYC public general education schools in kindergarten-12th grade from 2006-2017 (n = 1,753,867) were linked to 25 geospatial datasets capturing neighborhood characteristics for every census tract in NYC. Multivariable hierarchical linear regression tested associations between BMI and the NAI; analyses also were conducted by young (<8 years), school age (8-12 years), and adolescent (>12 years) subgroups. In addition, NAI was mapped by census tract, and local Moran's I identified clusters of high and low NAI neighborhoods. Results: Higher BMI was associated with higher NAI across all sex and age groups, with largest magnitude of associations for girls (medium NAI vs. low NAI: unstandardized β = 0.112 (SE 0.008), standardized β [effect size]=0.097, p < 0.001; high NAI vs. low NAI: unstandardized β = 0.195 (SE 0.008), standardized β = 0.178, p < 0.001) and adolescents (medium NAI vs. low NAI: unstandardized β = 0.189 (SE 0.014), standardized β = 0.161, p < 0.001, high NAI vs. low NAI: unstandardized β = 0.364 (SE 0.015), standardized β = 0.334, p < 0.001 for adolescent girls; medium NAI vs. low NAI: unstandardized β = 0.122 (SE 0.014), standardized β = 0.095, p < 0.001, high NAI vs. low NAI: unstandardized β = 0.217 (SE 0.015), standardized β = 0.187, p < 0.001 for adolescent boys). Each borough of NYC included clusters of neighborhoods with higher and lower NAI exposure, although clusters varied in size and patterns of geographic dispersion across boroughs. Conclusions: A spatial index capturing neighborhood environment factors associated with ACE exposure is associated with higher BMI among NYC youth. Findings complement prior literature about relationships between neighborhood environment and obesity risk, existing research documenting ACE-obesity associations, and the potential for neighborhood factors to be a source of adversity. Collectively, evidence suggests that trauma-informed place-based obesity reduction efforts merit further exploration as potential means to interrupt ACE-obesity associations.

Improving Soccer Coaching: Considerations of Individual Learning Styles, Intelligence Levels, and Motivation

Problem statement. In the increasingly complex and competitive world of soccer, training approaches that do not consider differences in individual learning styles, intelligence levels, and player motivation can be a serious obstacle in producing quality players. The lack of a holistic coaching approach based on differences in learning styles, intelligence levels, and motivation in training soccer players, which has the potential to hinder the development of optimal soccer playing skills among students, is a specific problem in this study. Purpose. The purpose of this study is to develop a holistic and innovative soccer coaching approach, which not only takes into account differences in individual learning styles and intelligence levels, but also increases player motivation. Thus, it is expected to be able to produce high-quality soccer players and improve the mastery of big ball games in physical education in schools. Methods. This type of research is a Quasy experiment with a study population of 140 men, the sample amounted to 44 male students. The instruments used were soccer playing skills test and general intelligence test. The data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance with the help of Statistical Package for the Social Sciens 23. Results. The results of the study are as follows: (1) in general, the soccer playing skills of students who learn to use the global method are better than the elementary method; (2) there is an interaction between training methods and intelligence levels on the ability to play soccer; (3) at high intelligence levels, the global method is better than training using elementary learning methods to improve students' soccer playing skills; (4) at low intelligence levels, the elementary method is better than training using the global method in improving students' soccer playing skills. Conclusions. It can thus be concluded that improving soccer training cannot be underestimated without seriously considering individual learning styles, intelligence levels, and player motivation. Based on the findings, a holistic approach that integrates learning style preferences, designs training strategies that match intelligence levels, and understands motivational factors, opens the door to more adaptive and successful soccer learning. Keywords: Methods, Learning, Intelligence, Play, Soccer.

Exploring Science Education in Last-Mile Schools: Experiences and Challenges

This study examines the experiences and challenges faced by science educators in last-mile schools in Ilocos Norte, Philippines, particularly during the pandemic. Employing a participatory qualitative action research method rooted in the pakasaritaan theory, the research highlights the unique cultural and contextual factors influencing science education. The study reveals that despite high scientific literacy, students struggle with retention, reasoning, and real-life problem-solving skills. The Department of Education's Last Mile School program aims to address these issues by improving facilities and faculty capabilities. The findings underscore the need for localized, culturally sensitive teaching strategies and the integration of sustainable development goals (SDGs) into the curriculum to enhance science education outcomes.