Michigan School Research Articles

Addressing Patient Concerns at the University of Michigan Dental School

Effective communication between patients and dental providers is crucial for successful dental appointments, fostering trust and comfort. However, patients often carry unspoken concerns into dental clinics that significantly influence their experiences. The dental profession needs a standardized approach to record and address these concerns, leading to inconsistencies in how patient feedback is collected and acted upon. This can result in unresolved issues and patient dissatisfaction. Recognizing this problem, the University of Michigan School of Dentistry thought to improve how patient concerns are documented and addressed.

Recovery ecosystem: More than treatment

Andre L. Johnson, Psy.D., founder and CEO of the Detroit Recovery Project, shared his vision of a “recovery ecosystem” at the annual meeting of the Association of Addiction Professionals (NAADAC) in Washington, D.C. last week. “The world has changed, it's not the world of the 80s,” he said. Johnson, after he was sober for two years, went to Morehouse for an undergraduate psychology degree and went on to work at a hospital in Detroit, where he “sat down with CEOs and CFOs and learned how money is moved around and how programs are designed based on resources,” he said. After completing a clinical internship at Tarzana Treatment Center treating 12‐18‐year‐olds, he received a doctorate in clinical psychology from the Michigan School of Psychology. What he stressed at NAADAC was this: “we needed to develop a recovery support program.” Treatment alone wasn't working in the drug‐ravaged city. The time of 120 days in treatment was over.

Determining the Failure Rate of Direct Restorations-Chart Review versus Electronic Health Record Reports.

Amalgam and composite restorations are used to treat minor dental issues. University of Michigan, School of Dentistry Electronic Health Record (EHR) reports show a 2.31% failure rate for amalgam and 1.14% for composite. Our study aims to determine the true failure rates through manual EHR chart reviews. Patient data from the University of Michigan School of Dentistry were utilized-216 amalgam restorations from 2020 to 2022 and 350 composite restorations in 2021 were searched. We defined failure and retreatment as replacing a restoration with the same material and failure and alternate treatment as replacing restoration with an alternative treatment within one year. The failure rate refers to a combination of replacement with the same and alternative treatment material within one year. For Amalgam: 1.85% failed and were retreated; 7.87% failed and were received an alternate treatment. Composite: 9.71% failed and retreated; 2.86% failed and received alternate treatment. In total anterior composite: 10.5% retreated, 2.6% failed; posterior composite: 9.1% retreated, 3.0% failed. Our study revealed higher restoration failure rates than the reports extracted in the EHR. This highlights the need to foster a culture of precise documentation to align EHR reports with hand-search findings.

Association between asthma and periodontitis: A case–control analysis of risk factors, related medications, and allergic responses

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to investigate the association between asthma, related allergies and medication use, and the presence and severity of periodontitis among individuals at the University of Michigan School of Dentistry.MethodsEmploying a case–control design, the study analyzed data from 892 patients, half with asthma and half without asthma. Data collection included demographics, asthma history, medication use, allergies, and periodontal examination outcomes, including probing pocket depth (PPD), mobility, furcation involvement, and radiographic bone loss (RBL). Logistic regression models assessed the relationship between asthma and periodontitis, adjusting for confounders.ResultsAsthmatic patients exhibited significantly lower odds of periodontitis (OR = 0.10, p < .001) and were less likely to present with advanced stages (OR = 0.23, p < .001) and grades of the disease (OR = 0.31, p < .001) compared to non‐asthmatic patients. The study also found a higher proportion of females in the asthmatic group (67% vs. 51.8%, p < .001). Smoking was identified as a significant factor associated with periodontitis in patients with asthma, with former smokers at more than double the odds (OR = 2.28, p = .035) and current smokers at a slightly lower yet significant odds (OR = 1.87, p = .050). Additionally, asthmatic patients on adrenergic inhalers had an increased likelihood of developing periodontitis (OR = 1.76, p = .045). Allergies to codeine and latex were associated with higher odds of periodontitis, with ORs of 3.41 and 6.09, respectively.ConclusionsAsthma was found to be associated with lower odds of periodontitis. However, this association appears to be modified by smoking habits and the use of certain asthma medications, which are related to an increased likelihood of periodontitis among asthmatic patients.

Peran Metode Cerita Islami dalam Menanamkan Moral Keagamaan Mata Pelajaran Akidah Akhlak di Kelas III MI Model Panyabungan, Mandailing Natal, Sumatera Utara

This article investigates how Islamic tales might be used to teach moral lessons to young children. The research hinges on the idea that Islamic storytellers can effectively teach religious morals to primary school students by using relatable, real-world examples. class absences, class lists, class decisions, and classes that will be awarded are just some of the activities carried out by MI educators in the Panyabungan Model. Researchers play integral roles throughout the entire process, from ideation to implementation to data collecting and analysis and finally report writing, in this method of conducting qualitative research. Methods of information gathering that include keeping detailed notes and conducting interviews. Secondary statistics come from the documentation of Grade III A in the MI Model of Cooperative Education, while primary data come from teachers and students in that grade. According to the results of this research, there is a multi-step process involved in integrating the Islamic storytelling technique into the third-year curriculum of Akidah Akhlak at the MI Model Panyabungan. First and foremost, a person's upbringing, environment, and access to educational materials can all strengthen or weaken Islamic worldviews. First, Michigan's school system Each Panyabunga model has spent countless hours working with infants and toddlers, gaining invaluable knowledge along the way. Both sets of kids have religious backgrounds and were encouraged by their parents to get an education. Books, the Internet, and audiobooks are three of the most accessible educational resources for teachers. However, time, classroom management, and storytelling tools are three areas where Islamic storytelling falls short.

Effect of different instrumentation techniques on students' performance and outcomes of nonsurgical root canal treatment.

This study compared, retrospectively, the incidence of clinical errors and effects on treatment outcomes, when students were exposed to two different instrumentation techniques: a hybrid rotary technique (HYB), consisting of both hand instrumentation with hand stainless steel and Ni-Ti files plus the use of a rotary system (Vortex Blue, Dentsply Sirona), versus a full reciprocation instrumentation technique (WaveOne Gold [WOG], Dentsply Sirona). A total of 368 endodontic cases (n=184) in anterior and premolar teeth, completed by dental students at the University of Michigan School of Dentistry from 2013 to 2022, were used for the study. The groups were evaluated by two calibrated clinicians, observing the incidence of clinical errors: file separations, over-instrumentation, ledges and transportations. Treatment outcomes were also observed. Data were analyzed statistically by Fisher's exact test and Mann-Whitney U test (p<0.05). No significant difference in file separations, ledges, and transportation was observed between the two groups. However, the WOG Group experienced significantly more over-instrumentation than HYB group, although this did not significantly affect tooth survival or periapical index (PAI). Cases with PAI scores of 5 were found to have significantly less tooth survival compared to the other PAI scores. It can be concluded that both techniques in our study are well suited to advancing the endodontic dental education of students and novice operators, anticipating relatively successful outcomes of tooth survival, as long as the cases selected are less severe in progression preoperatively.

Language as social action: Gertrude Buck, the "Michigan School" of rhetoric, and pragmatist philosophy.

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Gertrude Buck and collaborators developed a sociologicallyand pragmatist-informed approach to language that has been neglected in later scholarship. Buck approached the study of language from the standpoint of pragmatist functional psychology, which is indebted to John Dewey's pragmatism at the University of Michigan, and which views language as a normal, dynamic action of human organisms engaged in necessary cooperative relations with one another. Her approach overcomes the small-minded pragmatism that would criticize figurative or poetic language as impractical, and instead shows how figuration is essential to the particular ways in which language is action that conveys meaning to others and serves broader social functions. Buck's forgotten work helps overcome criticisms of the application of pragmatic action theory to language and literature, sketching how language structure may be explained on the basis of language as a natural social-communicative act, how figurative language is inherent in the normal act of communicating situated bodily experiences to others, and how rhetorical speech and writing contributes to participation in democratic social processes. This paper also indicates how Buck's work has been partially rediscovered in Composition Studies, as well as prefigures later reader-response esthetics and feminist analyses of language.

Exploring Individual Changes in Disability Status and Their Relations to Reading Comprehension Development

This study used data from Michigan schools participating in the Reading First program to examine the stability of students’ disability status in Grades 1 to 3. Reading First aimed to improve at-risk students’ reading comprehension through research-based instruction. We analyzed how changes in students’ disability status were related to reading comprehension growth. The sample consisted of n = 10,196 students from 191 schools who took the Iowa Test of Basic Skills (ITBS) Reading Comprehension subtest. Data were collected from 2003 through 2008. We observed considerable changes in disability status for students with speech–language disorders or a specific learning disability ( n = 1,193). These students had lower achievement levels and made less progress than students without disabilities. Overall, achievement gains did not differ between students with different stability and change patterns in their disability status. However, students changing from speech–language disorders to a specific learning disability demonstrated the smallest achievement gains.

Perilaku Memilih Masyarakat pada Pilkada Kabupaten Sidoarjo Tahun 2020

This study generally aims to find out the voting bahavior in the Sidoarjo 2020 election. There are three independent variables (X); Party identification (X1), group ties (X2), and candidate competency (X3). Meanwhile, there is one dependent variable: Voting Behavior in the 2020 Sidoarjo election (Y). Using quantitative methods and is included in the explanatory research category, and based on three voting behavior theory: sociological approach (Columbia school, psychologica approach (Michigan school), and rational approach. There were 100 respondents spread across all districts (18 districts) in Sidoarjo. From the results of the research and statistical analysis carried out, it is known that three supporting party variables (X1), Group Association (X2), and Candidate Competency (X3) are related to Voting Behavior in the 2020 Sidoarjo election (Y). In addition, it is known that voters for candidate number one (BHS-Taufiq) are more likely to be driven by the candidate’s competency variable, while voters for candidate number two (Mudhlor-Subandi) are more driven by party giver variables and group ties.

School turnaround in a pandemic: An examination of the outsized implications of COVID-19 on low-performing turnaround schools, districts, and their communities

Turnaround schools and districts that were charged with making rapid and dramatic improvements before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic faced considerable challenges carrying out improvement efforts during pandemic schooling. Using survey and administrative data collected during the pandemic, we document some of the ways in which students and educators in Michigan's turnaround schools and districts experienced the pandemic. We show that the communities in which turnaround schools are located were hardest hit by the pandemic and school and district operations were substantially disrupted. By extension, turnaround districts and especially the lowest performing schools in those districts that were targeted for school-level turnaround experienced high rates of student absenteeism, low student and parent engagement, and, ultimately, significantly smaller gains on math and reading benchmark assessments than non-turnaround districts. Our findings have implications for policy as states resume school and district turnaround efforts that were disrupted by the pandemic.

Memories and Musings: My Experiences with Marcia Gentry and More

ABSTRACT Marcia Gentry personified a life well-lived. In this tribute to her work and legacy, her early ideas are highlighted. The author describes her professional experiences with Marcia during the years when Marcia was a doctoral student at the University of Connecticut. Recalling her initial motivation for a more inclusive form of identification of gifted students, the author shares Marcia’s experiment with cluster grouping while still working in a public school in Michigan and describes how that experience grew into one of Marcia’s major lines of inquiry in her quest for more inclusive and authentic strategies for identifying gifted and talented youngsters. The author relates how this line of inquiry mirrored her own work in identifying twice-exceptional students using more authentic identification methods. Also explored is Marcia’s early experience with authentic learning as she developed curriculum for Project High Hopes, and how this problem-based curriculum was a precursor for Marcia’s extensive work with Enrichment Clusters as a means to extend gifted pedagogy to all students. The author then details her own research in using authentic learning as a research-based intervention for twice-exceptional students.

A reading board for literacy justice

A Michigan school district established a districtwide reading board as a different but necessary alternative to a response to intervention model. The reading board sought a new way to acknowledge the depth and breadth of individualized diagnoses, instructional needs, and social justice in their school district. In addition, the reading board sought to subvert the overrepresentation of subgroups of students, primarily students of color, in special education. By altering traditional referral processes, students benefited from an asset-based, culturally and linguistically restorative, and equitable approach to literacy identity and growth.

Enhancing Middle School Learning about Geography and Topographic Maps Using Hands-on Play and Geospatial Technologies

The objective of this research was to determine if and to what extent students’ learning of geographic concepts can be improved through incorporation of hands-on play with Play-Doh® and LEGO® and geospatial technologies, specifically drones. The project team conducted six months of biweekly, collaborative instruction at Comstock Middle School in Michigan incorporating in-class activities such as drawing mental maps, creating contour lines of model landscapes in water boxes, constructing 3D landscapes from 2D topographic maps, building and operating small drones, and more. Compared pre- and post-tests reveal a 14% increase in overall scores, a statistically significant improvement in student performance.

Supplement Consumption and Periodontal Health: An Exploratory Survey Using the BigMouth Repository.

Dietary supplements have been investigated for their impact on the periodontal apparatus (alveolar bone, mucosa, periodontal ligament, and cementum) and their hypothetical protective role against periodontitis. There remains a gap in the field in this area. Thus, the present study aims to examine the correlation between populations who report taking different dietary supplements and their relative periodontal health. The BigMouth dental data repository derived from the dental Electronic Health Records (EHRs) of the University of Michigan school of dentistry was used to extract data relating to all patients who fulfilled the eligibility criteria. The prevalence of periodontitis compared to periodontal health as related to supplement consumption was assessed. A total of 118,426 individuals (55,459 males and 62,967 females) with self-reported consumption of the dietary supplements of interest were identified in the University of Michigan database via the BigMouth repository. Associations with the following vitamins were investigated, Vitamin B, Vitamin C, Vitamin D, Vitamin E, Multivitamins, Fish oil, Calcium, Omega 3, Saw palmetto, Zinc, Sildenafil, Flax seed, Folic acid, Garlic pills, Ginger pills, Ginko, Ginseng, Glucosamine, Iron, and Magnesium. Out of these supplements, only multivitamins and iron were found to significantly favor periodontal health, while folic acid and vitamin E significantly favored periodontitis. This study found a minimal association between the consumption of dietary supplements with periodontal health.

Editorial introductions.

Current Opinion in Rheumatology was launched in 1989. It is one of a successful series of review journals whose unique format is designed to provide a systematic and critical assessment of the literature as presented in the many primary journals. The field of Rheumatology is divided into 15 sections that are reviewed once a year. Each section is assigned a Section Editor, a leading authority in the area, who identifies the most important topics at that time. Here we are pleased to introduce the Journal's Section Editors for this issue. SECTION EDITORS W. Joseph McCuneW. Joseph McCuneDr W. Joseph McCune, MD, is Michael and Marcia Klein Professor of Rheumatic Diseases and Director of the Lupus Program at the University of Michigan. Following an Internal Medicine residency at the University of Michigan and a fellowship in Immunology and Rheumatology at Harvard Medical School and the Brigham and Woman's Hospital, Dr McCune has been a member of the faculty at the University of Michigan where he specializes in the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of lupus and systemic vasculitis. Sara K. TedeschiSara K. TedeschiDr. Sara K. Tedeschi, MD, MPH, received her medical degree from Vanderbilt University, USA and her MPH degree from the Harvard School of Public Health, USA. She joined the rheumatology faculty at Brigham and Women's Hospital, USA, after completing her internal medicine residency and rheumatology fellowship there. Her clinical research on calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease is supported by the National Institutes of Health. David FoxDavid FoxDr. Fox is a graduate of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard Medical School. Following internal medicine residency and rheumatology fellowship at the Brigham and Women's Hospital, he joined the faculty of the University of Michigan School of Medicine in 1985. Dr. Fox is Professor of Internal Medicine and, from 1990 to 2018, was Chief of the Division of Rheumatology. In 2013, Dr. Fox became the Frederick G. L. Huetwell and William D. Robinson, M.D. Professor of Rheumatology. He is currently a Deputy Director of the Immune Tolerance Network. Dr. Fox's research focuses on defining and characterizing pathways of human T cell activation, determining the role of these pathways in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease, investigating T cell interactions with synovial fibroblasts, and exploring novel approaches to the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and scleroderma. He is author of more than 260 scientific papers and book chapters. Dr. Fox is also active in the clinical care of patients with rheumatic diseases and in teaching students and fellows in both clinical and research settings. From 2007–2008, Dr. Fox served as the seventy-first President of the American College of Rheumatology and the sixth ACR President from the University of Michigan

Barriers to School-Based Mental Health Resource Utilization Among Black Adolescent Males.

Black adolescent males use available mental health services at a disproportionately lower rate compared to males of other racial groups. This study examines barriers to school-based mental health resource (SBMHR) use among Black adolescent males, as a means of addressing reduced usage of available mental health resources and to improve these resources to better support their mental health needs. Secondary data for 165 Black adolescent males were used from a mental health needs assessment of two high schools in southeast Michigan. Logistic regression was employed to examine the predictive power of psychosocial (self-reliance, stigma, trust, and negative previous experience) and access barriers (no transportation, lack of time, lack of insurance, and parental restrictions) on SBMHR use, as well as the relationship between depression and SBMHR use. No access barriers were found to be significantly associated with SBMHR use. However, self-reliance and stigma were statistically significant predictors of SBMHR use. Participants who identified self-reliance in addressing their mental health symptoms were 77% less likely to use available mental health resources in their school. However, participants who reported stigma as a barrier to using SBMHR were nearly four times more likely to use available mental health resources; this suggests potential protective factors in schools that can be built into mental health resources to support Black adolescent males' use of SBMHRs. This study serves as an early step in exploring how SBMHRs can better serve the needs of Black adolescent males. It also speaks to potential protective factors that schools provide for Black adolescent males who have stigmatized views of mental health and mental health services. Future studies would benefit from a nationally representative sample allowing for more generalizable results regarding barriers and facilitators to Black adolescent males' use of school-based mental health resources.

Training Michigan School Providers (Nurses And Mental Health Specialists) In Pediatric Pain Management Strategies: Increasing Access To Care In Rural Communities

Training Michigan School Providers (Nurses And Mental Health Specialists) In Pediatric Pain Management Strategies: Increasing Access To Care In Rural Communities

Between Michigan and Rochester: Identity-based thinking is cognitively primary

This article synthesizes a large body of research in the social and cognitive sciences to develop a distinctly cognitive understanding of political identity. Building on dual-process and computational theories of mind, the article defends three claims about the mental and behavioral implications of identity in political domains: (1) identity-based thinking is people’s default (often fast, automatic, and cognitively inaccessible) way of mentally representing politics and of drawing inferences based on those representations; (2) people are not limited to identity-based thinking and can sometimes learn to override it via slow, volitional, and conscious reasoning; and (3) the cognitive complexity of identity-based thinking is in-between the levels of mental sophistication that the Michigan and Rochester Schools in political science posit. This account of political identity illuminates, inter alia, why even low-information voters can quickly identify their political allies and opponents, why even high-information politicians can misperceive their constituents, why affective polarization has been increasing in the United States in recent decades, and why many normative theories of justice advise people to override identity-based thinking.

Clinical Judgment Measurement Model Helps Maximize Case-Based Didactic and Clinical Learning.

Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Systems, Populations and Leadership, University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor. Correspondence: Clinical Assistant Professor Karen Harden, Department of Systems, Populations and Leadership, University of Michigan School of Nursing, 400 North Ingalls St, Room 4108, Ann Arbor MI 48109 ([email protected]). The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Accepted for publication: February 2, 2023 Early Access: February 22, 2023

Impacts of Emergency Financial Management as Governance Reform in Michigan Schools

This mixed-methods case study examines the emergency financial management legislation enacted in Michigan from 2009 to 2018 as an education policy for governance reform in three local school districts: Detroit, Highland Park, and Muskegon Heights. From its inception, the emergency financial manager law was an intervention strategy for local municipalities in financial emergencies. Still, in 2009 it was used to enable state takeovers of three local school districts experiencing financial emergencies. This study addresses the gap in the literature regarding the effectiveness of emergency management as an education policy in general and highlights its specific application to the three districts.