School Boy Students Research Articles

Comparison of learning achievement of Science and Language Competence of Govt. School Boy Students at Secondary Level

The increasing importance of science education over the decade has resulted a vibrant area of academic scholarship as well as critical studies on the subject. There is an extensive body of research based literature on the subject of impact of language on science learning. Before all else there is a need to shift through relevant studies on the subject of impact of language on science learning to understand the work already done and finding already made so as to avoid duplication of research work and also to understand the issues involved clearly. The main purpose of the research is to study the impact of language on the science learning competence of secondary level students: a comparative study. In this present paper, I would attempt a comparison on the basis of gender and types of school as a result of analysis, interpretation and discussion of the data collected from different areas of study the investigator.

Comparison of Performance and Movement Kinematics of Virtual Reality Practice with Real-World Practice in the Dart-Throwing Skill

Background: Researchers are pursuing the enhancement of sensorimotor skills through the application of virtual reality (VR) in the sports environment. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the performance and kinematics of VR with real-world dart-throwing. Methods: Twenty-four healthy junior high school boy students participated (aged = 13.66, SD = 0.48) in this semi-experimental study in the year of 2017. We examined mean radial and bivariate variable errors as the performance variables. The maximum flexion angle, release time angle, and angular velocity was examined as the kinematic variables. Standard dartboard, the Xbox360, the Kinect, and a high-speed camera (sampling at 240 Hz) were used to measure the performance and kinematics characteristics of upper limb motion. We used Kinovea 0.8.26 and MATLAB R2015b to analyze videos and data smoothing. One-way MANOVA was used to analyze variables. Results: The results revealed (P = 0.392) no significant differences in MRE between VR and real-world (RW) training in pre-test, acquisition, and retention outcomes, F (3, 20) = 1.05. The results indicated (P = 0.024) significant differences in BVE between VR and RW training in the pre-test, F (5.83). In addition, kinematic dependent variables (P = 0.692) had no significant difference between groups, F (9, 14) = 0.711. Conclusions: These findings achieved the same results in performance and kinematics of dart-throwing by VR intervention in the RW context. Basic similarities between VR and RW movement patterns in the same task bring motor skills improvement and transfer of learning.

Prevalence of smoking and its related factors among Iranian adolescents

ABSTRACT Background Given that adolescence is important in community health, and planning, preventing and treating the smoking-caused health problems need to estimate the precise statistics on the prevalence of smoking and consider the effective factors among adolescents, the present study aimed to determine the frequency of and effective factors on smoking among adolescents. Methods The present descriptive-analytical study was conducted during 2019 among 363 secondary high school boy students in Sanandaj, Iran. Sample was selected by cluster sampling method and data were collected by using a valid and reliable questionnaire. Data were entered in SPSS 23 and analyzed by using descriptive statistics and logistic regression. Results Based on the results, the prevalence of smoking among the students under study was 19% (n = 69). The results related to logistic regression test indicated age and educational grade, as well as the educational level of father and grade point average (GPA) of previous semester as the factors affecting smoking (P < .05). Conclusion Due to the greater smoking prevalence among students with more age, higher educational grade, and less GPA in the previous semester, as well as having mother with lower educational level, paying more attention to the above-mentioned students is suggested in designing the smoking prevention educational programs.

King Faisal College: An educational initiative in Baghdad, terminated in 1948

Analysis is made of the circumstances that could have led to the demise of a unique Iraqi Government educational initiative in the 1940s established in Baghdad of an elite secondary school with the name of King Faisal College. It was intended to provide special educational programmes while catering exclusively to gifted high school boy students chosen from all over the country. The analysis serves to show an abject example of how an educational project planned to serve the long-term national interests could be irreversibly damaged by petty political squabbles among its young students. It shows how political, religious and sectarian juvenal dogma could have been nurtured also by external interests targeting young students who were largely destined otherwise to have a very bright future.

The Relationship Between God Attachment Styles with Tendency to Drugs among Students

The present research was designed to investigate the relationship between God Attachment Styles with Tendency to Drugs among Students. This study is descriptive and correlational. The population of this research includes all the high school boy students in Karaj city in the academic year of 2016-2017, which included 15000 students. Based on the Krejcie and Morgan table, the number of the sample was determined as 375 individuals, which were selected through a multistage cluster sampling. The data collection was performed through the addiction potential scale of Weed et al., (APS) (1992) and the god attachment questionnaire. For analyzing the data, Pearson correlation and multiple regression methods were used, and the data were analyzed by using SPSS v. 17. Findings showed that in families of 14.4% of the individuals, there is an addiction background, and in 85/6% there is no addiction background in the family. The correlation results showed that the components of God attachment have a negative and significant relationship with the tendency to addiction, and affection multiple regression explain components of God attachment have predicted the tendency to addiction in students. Regarding the importance of the role of God attachment in drug tendency among students, the results of the present study can be useful in planning and making appropriate policies for the purpose of promoting educational programs to families and their wards.

Effectiveness of Goal-Setting Training on the Psychological Flourishing of Students

Background: Goal-setting is believed to have an effective role in life owing to certain properties, such as highlighting the importance of individuals’ understanding about their existence and helping them plan for and reach their goals of having a worthwhile life. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of goal-setting training on the psychological flourishing of primary school boy students in 2019. Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The research population included all the primary school boy students in Dowlatabad city, Isfahan province, Iran in 2019. Using convenience sampling, we selected 40 students and randomly divided them into experimental and control groups (n=20 per group). The experimental group underwent nine sessions (90-minute sessions and three sessions a week) of goal-setting training whereas the control group received no intervention. The research tool was Human Flourishing Questionnaire (HFQ). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed in SPSS software version 24.0 to analyze the data. Results: The mean ± standard deviations (SD) of the post-test scores for positive emotion, relationships, meaning, and achievement were respectively 24.58 ± 5.02, 23.05 ± 3.67, 24.05 ± 3.03, and 22.70 ± 3.35 in the experimental group and 21.45 ± 5.29, 18.80 ± 2.87, 19.35 ± 2.97, and 19.15 ± 3.13 in the control group. The results indicated that goal-setting training was effective on the psychological flourish and its parameters of the primary school students (p <0.001). Conclusion: Goal-setting could result in educational life satisfaction among students and provide the opportunity for their psychological flourish and development.

Awareness, Attitude, and Life Skills Related to Cigarette Smoking among High School Boy Students

Background: Life skills training is one of the ways to deal with stressful situations and risk-taking behaviors. Given the importance of life skills to deal with risk-taking behaviors such as smoking, the objective of this study was to examine the association between awareness, attitude and life skills and smoking status among boy students in Ilam, Iran. Methods: This was a descriptive study that was performed on 553 students in high school boy students in Ilam in 2018. Sampling was conducted in two steps: first, schools were selected by a random sampling method; second, one class was selected randomly from each school and each grade, and all of the students of the selected class were included using the census method. Data were collected through a valid and reliable three-part questionnaire, including demographic characteristics, life skills, and smoking status, and then analyzed by using descriptive and analytical tests at SPSS22 software. Results: The mean age of students, age of smoking initiation as well as the mean of individuals Grade Point Average (GPA) was 13.58, 11.27, and 17.95, respectively. The mean score of awareness toward the harmful effects of smoking, attitude toward smoking, and normative expectations were estimated at 82.18, 32.6, and 68.04, respectively. The total score of life skills was 57.3, which was higher than average. The highest and lowest life skills score was related to problem-solving skills (56.75) and compatibility skills (52.21). Besides, having friends and family members who smoke, attitude toward smoking as well as normative expectations were significantly associated with cigarette smoking status (P-value &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: Given the results of the study, the life skills score was moderate and far from the ideal status. Therefore, considering the smoking experience at an early age and focusing on life skills training is essential in elementary schools.

Intestinal parasitic infection among middle school boy students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Background: Intestinal parasitic infection with protozoan and helminthic parasites are among the major health affairs especially in tropical and subtropical regions like Saudi Arabia. Globally, billions including school students are infected and millions suffer from symptoms and complications, while others are asymptomatic. Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate infections of middle school boys in Jeddah with intestinal parasites and the risk factors involved. Materials and Methods: Stool samples were collected from 265 boys from two middle schools in Jeddah. The samples were examined physically then by different techniques including: direct smears, sedimentation technique, two permanent staining methods and a rapid immuno-chromatographic assay. Information about each student and his family was collected in a questionnaire form related to lifestyle and socio-demographic data. Results: 46 students (17.35%) were infected with intestinal parasites including seven protozoa; mainly Blastocystis spp.Giardia lamblia, Endameba histolytica/dispar, and three helminth parasites including Hymenolepis nana, Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura. Conclusion: Several factors were associated with the intestinal parasitic infections, including age, proper washing of hands and cutting fingernails. There is a need for regular health education programs for students and their parents to increase awareness about intestinal parasites

Collaborative Learning Practices by Gender: A Case of a Community School in Nepal

This study explores the situation of basic level community school boy and girl students’ science and health learning through collaborative culture. Fifth, sixth and seventh-grade students (both boys and girls) took part in this study. As per the aim of this study, a set of questionnaire was developed and administered to the sampled students. Two hundred and fifty-eight students were selected from the sampled school using the census sampling technique. All the students were involved in collaborative learning activities such as building trust and open communication, establishing group interaction, respect diversity and sharing creative ideas based on the basic level science and health curriculum aiming at promoting inquiry learning through collaboration. A quantitative analysis involving the use of the Chi-square test at 0.05 level of significance, Likelihood ratio and Somer’s symmetric was conducted to see the association between the variables. The results showed that science and health collaborative learning activities by gender were not associated significantly. There was no statistically significant difference (α=0.05) between the variables studied. The findings showed a weak association with gender and collaborative science and health learning activities in the classrooms.

The Mediating Role of Identity Styles in the Relationship Between Procrastination and Academic Performance in High School Boy Students

The Mediating Role of Identity Styles in the Relationship Between Procrastination and Academic Performance in High School Boy Students

The effectiveness of cognitive-behavioural coaching on negative prefectionism and scholastic self-handicapping among students

This study aims to consider the effect of cognitive-behavioral coaching on negative perfectionism and scholastic self-handicapping among academic high school students in Semnan city. Research Design was semi-experimental and pretest- posttest type with control group. The study population included all of high school boy students in Semnan city. Of this students, 56 high school boy students were selected by multistage random cluster sampling method and randomly placed in experimental and control group. The experimental group encountered with 8 psycho educational sessions of cognitive-behavioral coaching. Data gathering process was performed by positive and negative perfectionism scale constructed by Terry-Short et al and Jones & Rhodewalt self-handicapping in pretest and post test for all participants in two groups. Gathered data analyzed using analysis of covariance.. The results showed that there is significant difference in the negative perfectionism and self-handicapping among experimental group and control group (p<0/001) and cognitive-behavioral coaching was effective in reducing the negative perfectionism and self-handicapping among high school students.

Comparative examine of effectiveness of training behavioral activation and education based on acceptance and commitment on increasing psychological well-being among high school boy students of Grade nine in Kerman

Comparative examine of effectiveness of training behavioral activation and education based on acceptance and commitment on increasing psychological well-being among high school boy students of Grade nine in Kerman

The Effect of Virtual Reality Training on Learning and Kinematics Characteristics of Dart Throwing

Background: Numerous studies proposed the improvement of movement skills on sport-context by virtual reality interaction. Objectives: The purpose of this study was investigating the effect of virtual reality on dart throwing performance and kinematics. Methods: A total of 24 healthy junior high school boy students (aged = 13.54, SD = 0.50) participated in a virtual reality game of dart throwing in the Iranian academic year of 1396-97. We investigated the mean radial error and bivariate variable error to measure performance outcomes, and preparation time, throwing time, maximum flexion angle, release time angle, and angular velocity to measure movement kinematics. The X-box Kinect (Microsoft, USA) body movement track, standard dart board (unicorn ELIPSE HD) and Casio High-Speed camera (EX-ZR1000, China) sampling at 240 Hz were used to measure performance and capture dominant upper limb motion during dart throwing play. Before exporting data to SPSS 25, Kinovea and MATLAB R2015b were used to analyze videos and smoothing data. Repeated measure ANOVA was used to analyze variables separately. Results: The results showed that virtual reality intervention was significantly effective on performance and movement kinematics. Mean radial error (P = 0.004) decreased from 19.67 ± 6.20 in the pre-test to 17.46 ± 5.81 in the acquisition, and 14.75 ± 4.01 in the post-test. Bivariate variable error (P = 0.001) decreased from 11.46 ± 1.21 in the pre-test to 11.20 ± 1.56 in the acquisition, and 10.03 ± 1.11 in the post-test. Other kinematics factors showed the significant difference in phases. Conclusions: These findings suggest that virtual reality can be applied as an effective instrument in discrete motor skill learning.

The Effect of Life Skills Training on Reducing the High-Risk Behaviors among High School Students in Kermanshah, North West of Iran

Background The prevalence of high-risk behaviors in adolescents is one of the most important concerns of the community; this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of life skills training on decreasing high risk behaviors among high school boy students. Materials and Methods In a quasi-experimental study, the statistical population included Mullah Sadra boy high school students in the academic year of 2017-2018. In this research, the sampling was done in two stages; first, to identify the individuals with high-risk behavior questionnaire, was used and 30 students who have high-risk behavior and willing to participate were selected and randomly assigned to intervention group (n=15) and control group (n=15). The educational intervention consisted of 12 sessions (each session was 60-120 minutes). The Life Skillsquestionnaire was completed by two groups before, after and one month after intervention; and data were analyzed using SPSS software version 23.0. Results The mean of pre-test, post-test and follow-up scores in the intervention group for variances of substance abuse, violence, insecure sexual behavior and high-risk behaviors were lower than the control group. But the mean score of life skills in the intervention group was higher than the control group. The results of the analysis of variance showed that the post-test difference of the studied groups (intervention and control) in the components of high risk behaviors in the health area, substance abuse and violence was significant (P<0.05), but in insecure sexual behavior (p=0.766) was not significant. Conclusion According the results, Educational intervention had a positive impact on reducing of high-risk behaviors in boy high school students.

Comparing the Effect of a Jump Rope Training on Physical and Motor Fitness Components Among Primary School Boy and Girl Students

Comparing the Effect of a Jump Rope Training on Physical and Motor Fitness Components Among Primary School Boy and Girl Students

The Relationship between Parenting Styles and Addiction Potentiality in Ilam high School Students: The Mediating Role of Novelty Seeking

Introduction: Addiction is a physical and mental disorder, which because of its progressive nature endangers the health of individual and community in all aspects of life. The present research aimed to understand the mediating role of novelty seeking in the relationship between Parenting styles and addiction tendency in high school students in the city of Ilam. Materials & methods: The statistical population of present research consisted of all high school boy students in the first semester 2015-2016 academic years; therefore, 410 students were selected with multistage random sampling, and completed the Baumrind parenting styles questionnaire, Cloninger novelty sensation scale and Zargar addiction potentiality. The data have been analyzed by Pearson correlation test and path analyses using Amos -16. Findings: Results showed that the proposed model had sufficient fitness with data of research. Path analysis showed that parenting styles significantly affected novelty sensation and addiction potentiality directly. Also, it was found out that novelty sensation had mediating role in the relationship between parenting styles and addiction potentiality. Discussion & conclusions: According to present research results, novelty sensation is one of the most effective reasons on students tendency to drug abusing. With this in mind, the hygienic officials and activists should make policies to increase parents information in suitable parenting styles education field and the important role of personality characteristic in tendency to addiction.

Cigarette Smoking Experience and its related Socio-demographic and Environmental Risk Factors in High School Boy Students, Shiraz- Iran

Background: Several environmental and psychosocial risk factors are known for adolescent smoking as the single cause of preventable diseases and premature death. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of cigarette smoking, socio-demographic factors associated with cigarette smoking (age, education level, parents’ job, and family’s socioeconomic statues), and the role of family and friends in cigarette smoking by high school students.Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study which was conducted in Shiraz, Iran, 900 high school boy students (grades 9-11) were selected through multistage random cluster sampling. They responded a researcher designed anonymous questionnaire about smoking experiences of themselves- and their friends and family members. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U test and Binary logistic regression analysis were used to analysis of the data, using the SPSS version 17.0.Results: The mean age of the participants was 16.11 (1.16) years and 19.7% of the students were ever smokers. Students’ higher educational grade (P=0.001), fathers’ lower education level (P=0.03), live with one parent or people other than parents (P=0.024), father’s, siblings’, and friends’ smoking, and family members’ cigarette smoking at home (P<0.001), were significantly related to the students’ smoking experience. Indeed, having smoker siblings was the strongest predictor of smoking among the students.Conclusion: Cigarette smoking is a public health concern in all families from different socio-economic status. Special attention to orphans and children of divorce, setting rules about cigarette smoking in families, monitoring and being aware of offspring’s and their friends’ behavior can be recommended.

Investigating the Effects of 'Philosophy for Children' Program on the Reduction of Psychosomatic Disorders Symptoms in 9-11 Age Boys

This study is investigating the impact of “Philosophy for Children” Program on the reduction of the symptoms of psychosomatic disorders in children aged 9 to 11 years in Iran. The sample of the study consists of 45 primary school boy students who were randomly selected using multistage random cluster sampling from among 19 districts of Education. This is a Quasi-experimental method research with experimental and control groups. Research tool in this study was Achenbach questionnaire form YSR (Youth Self-report). At first, using this questionnaire, all third and forth graders in two schools were selected by screening in which 45 ones got a score which showed psychosomatic disorders that all of them were eager to take part in the study. The test group, during a 12 sessions in a week, for 1 hour, participated in community of philosophical inquiry-the method of “Philosophy for Children” Program-with a training coach. After the end of the sessions, Achenbach’s re-test, on both control and test groups, was taken to determine the effect of holding the “Philosophy for Children” Program on psychosomatic disorders. The results of this study showed that the implementation of this program has a significant effect in reducing symptoms of psychosomatic disorder of test group.

Predictors of Smoking among the Secondary High School Boy Students Based on the Health Belief Model.

Background:Smoking is one of the most important risk factors for health and also health problems, such as heart diseases, especially for young people. This study aimed to investigate the effect of factors related to smoking among the secondary high school students in the city of Marivan (Kurdistan-Iran), in 2015, based on the constructs of health belief model (HBM).Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted in 470 secondary high school students in Marivan in 2015. The samples were selected by random cluster sampling. A question with four sections was used to collect data (demographic questions, knowledge section, attitude section, and questions related to e constructs of HBM).Results:According to the results, the correlation of smoking was stronger with attitude (r = 0.269 and odds ratio = 0.89) but weaker with perceived barriers (r = 0.101). There was not a significant correlation between smoking behavior and knowledge of the harms of smoking (r = −0.005). Moreover, Cues to action was effective predictor of smoking behavior (r = 0.259).Conclusions:The findings of this study show that the prevalence of smoking in the studied sample is somewhat lower than other regions of Iran, but it should be noted that if no interventions are done to prevent smoking in this age group. The findings of the study also showed that the structure of attitudes, self-efficacy, and Cues to action are the strongest predictors of smoking among students. Albeit, attitude was strongest predictor of smoking that shows the prevalence of smoking can be reduced by focusing in this part. Considering the mean age of participants (16/2 ± 0.25 years), that shows the riskiest period for smoking is 16 years and authorities can make change in policies of cigarette selling only for over 18 years.

A Nutritional Study on Weight Status among Urban Male High School Students and Its Related Determinants in Urmia, IRAN

Several studies have so far been carried out to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Iranian children but few studies have investigated the relationship between eating habits, socio-demographic differentials and obesity in these children. So, this study tried to assess the body weight status among the urban high school boy students of Urmia, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we measured weight, height and BMI of 1026 boy students with an age range of 15 to 19 years by multi-stage sampling. Then a questionnaire was completed based on their dietary habits and behaviors related to their physical activity. Overweight and obesity were defined based upon the World Health Organization’s growth charts. Statistical analysis was fulfilled by estimating absolute and relative frequencies. Results: Underweight prevalence in the studied population was 9.84% (95% CI: 8.49%-10.72%). The prevalence of overweight and obesity among the studied students was 12.77% (95% CI: 11.89%-13.3%), and 5.07% (95% CI: 4.5%-5.9%), respectively. Factors significantly correlated with the participants' body weight were the frequency of energy dense foods intake during a week (P<0.001), duration of computer use per day (P<0.01), and the kind of their schools (P<0.05). No significant association was found between other studied dietary variables (such as the time spent for eating over 24-hours, and breakfast eating times per week) and overweight/obesity. Conclusions: In the present study, we found that two changeable parameters (i.e. the number of times for intake of energy dense foods during a week, and working with computers) could influence the 15-19 years old school boys' body weight in the study region