Scale Development Methods Research Articles

Championing in Sales Management: Construct Definition and Measurement Development

This study advances the understanding of a recently identified leader behavior known as championing, which is argued to be especially effective in a sales context. Championing occurs when sales managers protect their salespeople from nonessential tasks, enabling them to focus on activities that enhance sales performance. Building on the exploratory work by Peesker et al. (2019), the current study delves deeper into the theoretical underpinnings and practical implications of championing. The first major section is a literature review that relates championing to established leadership theories, including path-goal, transformational, ethical, and servant leadership. This review demonstrates how championing aligns with and reinforces these theoretical frameworks, providing a deeper understanding of the behavior. Following this theoretical groundwork, the authors developed a new multi-item measurement scale for championing by integrating traditional scale development methods with innovative techniques involving artificial intelligence. Specifically, items for the scale were generated using a chain-of-thought prompting process with ChatGPT-3.5. These items were empirically tested through conventional scale development procedures, which included analyzing data from a sample of 254 salespeople using both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. This approach resulted in the creation of a robust four-item scale with a one-factor solution that demonstrated strong construct validity. Future researchers can use this measure to examine how championing interacts with other established leader behaviors to generate positive work outcomes, such as reduced role stress, increased trust in managers, and higher sales performance. Overall, this study contributes to a more nuanced understanding of championing by highlighting its relevance within the broader leadership literature, making a strong case for its effectiveness in a sales context, and offering a validated measurement tool for future research.

Quiet Quitting reason and behavior scale design and development process.

The concept of "Quiet Quitting", which might be considered new in the literature, is used to describe a passive and silent giving up. The aim of this study is to develop a scale to evaluate both the causes and consequences of "quiet quitting" which is believed to be increasing for various reasons in our country as well as in the world. Five-stage scale development method which was presented by Cohen and Swerdik was used in the process of developing the Quiet Quitting Reason and Behavior Scale (QQRBS). First, the conceptual structure of the scale was determined. In the second stage, the scale was structured. Structuring the scale is deciding on the scale type and scaling technique. The third stage is the first application of the scale. After the scale was applied, factor analysis, internal consistency assessment and validity studies were carried out in the item analysis section, which is the fourth stage. The fifth stage is the second application stage of the scale and at this stage, the scale was reviewed by test-retest and an application guideline was prepared. Cronbach's alpha value of draft items is 0.87, quiet quitting behavior sub-dimension Cronbach's Alpha value is 0.76 and reasons for quiet quitting Cronbach's Alpha value is 0.820. It was decided to keep the remaining 35 items after EFA analysis because the corrected correlation numbers of the items were >0.30. This study explains the design and development process of the QQRBS in Turkish society. According to this developed scale, as the scale mean score of the total and sub-dimensions increases, the tendency to quiet quitting increases.

Resilience Servant Leadership In Creating Performance Organization

Organizations are institutions that are formed both formally and non-formally. This cannot be separated from the vision and mission of an organization in achieving goals. The purpose of this study is first to find out the extent of the publication output of "servant leadership" and "organization performance" in 2015-2022, and second, how the results of visualization of servant leadership research trends" and "organization performance. This study used the systematic literature review method with SPIDER and PRISMA techniques to obtain the expected results. Furthermore, the search for the article's source is assisted by Pubish or Perish. Then, to obtain image visualization assisted by Vosviewers software. The research findings show that 40 relevant articles were reviewed after reducing the article using the SPIDER and PRISM techniques. Second, the correlation of servant leadership during the period 2019 to 2021 can be related to leader-member exchange, human resource management, customer orientation, innovative service behavior, and proactive personality. Then, research methods can be followed up using multilevel analysis, meta-analysis, and scale development methods.

Development and Validation of a Photonumeric Scale for Evaluation of Lip Fullness.

The shape, proportion, and fullness of one's lips are associated with overall facial beauty and attractiveness. Lip augmentation, due to personal preference or to reverse natural aging, has become a standard clinical procedure to improve lip volume or proportion. Several options are available to redefine the lips. To objectively evaluate treatment-related improvements in clinical practice and research, a validated photonumeric scale is needed. To present scale-development methods for the Merz Lip Fullness Assessment Scale (MLFAS) and establish its reliability. A 5-point photonumeric scale was developed to objectively assess loss of lip volume using male and female subjects of various ages and skin types. To establish intra- and interrater reliability, 8 board-certified dermatologists and plastic surgeons evaluated 64 subjects live in 2 sessions, 2 weeks apart. The weighted kappa for intra- and interrater agreement were ≥ 0.6 in all cases. Intrarater agreement between the 2 rating sessions was nearly perfect (median weighted kappa = 0.911 and 0.930 for the upper lip and lower lip, respectively). Substantial interrater agreement between each rater pair was also demonstrated for both rating sessions, and ratings of upper and lower lip fullness showed comparable reliability. The MLFAS is a validated and reliable photonumeric scale for rating loss in lip volume. The scale maintains its reliability with reproducible results across a diverse group of males and females of various ages and Fitzpatrick skin types. J Drugs Dermatol. 2023;22(3): doi:10.36849/JDD.7309.

Sağlık Hizmetleri Öğrencilerine Yönelik Mesleki Kaygı Ölçeği Geçerlik Güvenirlik Çalışması: Geçerlilik Çalışması

Objective: This study aims to conduct a validity and reliability study of the Occupational Anxiety Scale for health care students. Material and Methods: 973 people participated in this descriptive study. During the descriptive research phase, data was gathered using a questionnaire form and a Google form. The 5-stage scale development method presented by Cohen and Swerdlik was used to develop the occupational anxiety scale for health worker candidates who have undergraduate and associate degree education. First of all, the conceptual structure of the scale, the scale type, and the scaling technique were decided. The implementation phase of the scale, factor analysis in the item analysis part, and internal consistency and validity studies were carried out. Results: A structure consisting of a total of 32 questions with 5 factors was formed for undergraduate students; a structure consisting of a total of 30 questions with 4 factors was formed for associate degree students. It is seen that the standard factor loading values for the items in the professional knowledge factor vary between λ=0.41 and λ=0.80, and the error variances vary between ε=0.36 and ε=0.83. It is seen that the standard factor loading values for the items in the working life factor vary between λ=0.49 and λ=0.72, and the error variances vary between ε=0.48 and ε=0.76. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.84 for the undergraduate scale and 0.81 for associate degree students. Conclusion: A valid and reliable measurement tool was created to measure occupational anxiety in health care students.

Development and Validation of a Photonumeric Scale for Evaluation of Jawline Contour.

A naturally aged face is often characterized by a noticeable lack of jawline contour and decreased volume in the lower region. Several options are available to redefine the jawline. To objectively evaluate treatment-related improvements in clinical practice and research, a validated photonumeric scale is needed. To present scale-development methods for the Merz Jawline Assessment Scale and establish its reliability. A 5-point photonumeric scale was developed to objectively assess jawline volume loss and contour disruption using male and female subjects of various ages and skin types. Seven board-certified dermatologists and plastic surgeons evaluated 90 subjects live in 2 sessions, 3 weeks apart to establish intra- and interrater reliability. The weighted kappa for intra- and interrater agreement were ≥ 0.7 in all cases. Intrarater agreement between the 2 rating sessions was nearly perfect (median weighted kappa = 0.908). Substantial interrater agreement between each rater pair was also demonstrated for both rating sessions. The Merz Jawline Assessment Scale is a validated and reliable photonumeric scale for rating loss of jawline volume and contour. The scale maintains its validity and reliability with reproducible results across a diverse group of males and females of various ages and Fitzpatrick skin types. J Drugs Dermatol. 2023;22(2):203-209. doi:10.36849/JDD.7193.

Scale development for school administrators' corporate reputation building studies

PurposeThe aim of this research is to develop a scale that determines the views of teachers on the efforts of educational administrators to build corporate reputation within the scope of modern education paradigms.Design/methodology/approachThe research is based on a scale development method whose validity and reliability analyzes have been completed.FindingsAs a result of the research, a 1-dimensional and 15-item scale was obtained, which aims to evaluate the corporate reputation building efforts of school administrators from the perspective of teachers. When the literature is examined, there are many scales on corporate reputation; however, the literature determined that there is no scale that aims to determine the opinions of teachers about the reputation building efforts of education administrators.Originality/valueEducational administrators engage in efforts to build corporate reputation through stakeholder analysis, needs analysis, strategic plan development, organizational design and change management (Lawler et al., 2006). Specializing in this field is very important for training managers by taking training on human resources in order to carry out effective work in the process of corporate reputation formation, and the human resources of the institution are the groups that will best evaluate the reputation building efforts of the managers (Lockwood, 2007).

Development and Validation of a Photonumeric Scale for Evaluation of Infraorbital Hollowing.

The infraorbital hollow is characterized by a sunken hollowing appearance of the junction between the lower eyelid and the cheek. Dermal fillers provide a suitable option to reduce the appearance of infraorbital hollowing. To objectively evaluate treatmentrelated improvements in clinical practice and research, a validated photonumeric scale is needed. To present the scale development methods for the Merz Infraorbital Hollow Assessment Scale and establish its reliability and clinical relevance. A 5-point photonumeric scale was developed to objectively assess the infraorbital hollowing among subjects of varying sex, age, and skin type. Intra- and inter-rater reliability was evaluated using live assessments conducted 2 weeks apart. The clinical relevance of a 1-point difference in scale-severity grade was evaluated through side by-side comparisons of photographs with either same grade or a one-grade difference. The scale demonstrated excellent reliability when used by trained physicians and other healthcare practitioners. Intra-rater agreement between the 2 live-subject rating sessions was nearly perfect. Substantial inter-rater agreement between the raters from both live sessions was also demonstrated. The mean absolute difference (95% confidence interval) in scale ratings was 1.08 (1.02, 1.14) for "clinically different" pairs and was 0.34 (0.27, 0.41) for "clinically same" pairs, suggesting a 1-point difference is clinically relevant. The Merz Infraorbital Hollow Assessment Scale is a validated, reliable, and clinically relevant photonumeric scale for rating infraorbital hollowing. The scale maintains its validity and reliability with reproducible results across a diverse group of males and females of various ages and Fitzpatrick Skin Types. J Drugs Dermatol. 2023;22(1):74-81.doi:10.36849/JDD.7191.

A tale of six climates: Reflections and learnings after the development of six industry-specific safety climate scales

Introduction: Researchers are finding merits in utilizing industry-specific safety climate scales that capture the nuances of context, and tend to show stronger associations with safety behavior and outcomes like incidents. Yet, to date, guidance around the practicalities of developing and validating such industry-specific scales is lacking in the safety science literature. Method: In this paper we outline our experiences developing six industry-specific safety climate scales and highlight strengths and limitations of our approach. We also briefly review the industry-specific safety climate literature and offer highlights for consideration when developing such scales. Our method to develop industry-specific safety climate scales followed an established best practice structure: literature review of existing published industry scales, collation and review of existing scale items, consultation interviews with industry experts, item drafting, exploratory and confirmatory statistical analyses, and finally, a real-world ecological validity test. Results: Our research highlighted the diversity of safety climate dimensions (both the conceptual and content domains of each dimension) when it is considered at an industry level. Also, the literature reviews revealed a dearth of industry-specific safety climate scales in the areas we engaged with, so our project filled a glaring gap in research and practice. Best practice safety climate scale development methods are provided to stimulate further research. Conclusions: We conclude with reflections on the nature of safety climate within and across industries, and offer suggestions for future lines of research across other contexts (e.g., national culture, geography, and regulatory settings). We suggest that industry-specific safety climate scales have a specific use case, such as identifying specific areas to improve and evaluating the impact of safety interventions. Practical Applications: This article provides applications for both applied researchers (to improve capabilities in safety climate scale development) and practitioners who wish to measure organisational safety climate and design effective interventions. Engaging with regulators to build safety climate scales is powerful because their personnel have rich experiences to share across multiple workplaces. Organisational researchers can engage with survey panels to build robust scales. Finally, industry-specific nuances can lead to richer insights into an organisation’s safety climate.

Organizational career management: a review and future prospect

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to review the research about organizational career management (OCM) and provide an integrated understanding of OCM research.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the authors systematically review 85 OCM-related papers published in highly influential journals over the past four decades (1978–2021). This paper reviews the definitions, measurements, antecedents, outcomes, mediators and moderators of OCM.FindingsDiverse definitions of OCM exist, with three key common factors: what should be included in OCM, who is responsible for OCM and the goal of OCM. Scholars use different OCM measures, which might be due to different nations, industries, groups and scale development methods. More than 20 papers demonstrated the positive influences of OCM, providing convincing evidence of the necessity of OCM. About 90% of the current papers we reviewed (27 out of 30 papers) dominantly examined the influence of OCM on individuals’ attitudes or work behavior. The influence of OCM on organizational outcomes was less addressed.Originality/valueFirst, the authors review the existing OCM measurements and distinguish two ways of measuring OCM: OCMP (organizational level, rated by HR managers or HR vice president or CEO, capturing the real practices) and POCM (Perceived OCM, individual level, rated by employees, capturing subjective perception of practices). This distinction reduces the ambiguity in existing measurements. Second, we summarize the empirical findings of OCM, including the antecedents, outcomes, mediators and moderators. These findings uncover the benefits/risks of OCM and the factors that may influence its effectiveness. Third, the review provides several practical implications as the findings can help managers improve their career development programs.

Exploring the determinants and indicators of poultry feces management behaviors in rural Western Uganda

Animal ownership has reported financial and nutritional benefits but has also been associated with enteric and respiratory infections, and inadequate sanitation and hygiene can lead to children touching and ingesting animal fecal matter. We identified key indicators for poultry feces management and investigated their social determinants using data from a baseline survey of a randomized-controlled trial of a poultry management training program in rural Western Uganda. The baseline survey was conducted in the Masindi and Kiryandongo districts of Uganda in September 2019, and data collected from 609 households were used. We evaluated indicators for poultry feces management behaviors using scale development methods, including descriptive statistics, bivariate correlation analyses, and Factor Analysis of Mixed Data. We also investigated social determinants of key poultry feces management behaviors using logistic and multinomial logistic regression models. A significant increase in odds of having free-roaming poultry was found for each additional poultry owned (OR = 1.18, P < 0.001). The odds of a household having an observed enclosure for poultry increased by 5% with each incremental poultry owned (OR = 1.05, P < 0.001), and by 4% with increasing wealth with each additional point on the poverty probability index score (OR = 1.04, P < 0.001). Our results also suggest enclosures are intermittently used and constructing them without further intervention likely will not be sufficient for effectively managing animal fecal contamination. We recommend that future studies on animal feces management measure indicators for corralling and feces disposal practices and evaluate their relationship to enteric pathogen exposure and health outcomes. Insights from this work can inform the development of robust indicators of poultry feces management behaviors that can be used for monitoring and evaluation purposes.

Classifying and measuring the service quality of AI chatbot in frontline service

AI chatbots have been widely applied in the frontline to serve customers. Yet, the existing dimensions and scales of service quality can hardly fit the new AI environment. To address this gap, we define the dimensions of AI chatbot service quality (AICSQ) and develop the associated scales with a mixed-method approach. In the qualitative analysis, with the coding of the interviews from 55 global organizations in 17 countries and 47 customers, we develop new multi-level dimensions of AICSQ, including seven second-order and 18 first-order constructs. Then we follow a 10-step scale development method to establish the valid scales. The nomological test result shows that AICSQ positively influences customers’ satisfaction with, perceived value of, and intention of continuous use of AI chatbots. The innovative dimensions and scales of AI chatbot service quality provide conceptual classification and measurement instruments for the future study of chatbot service in the frontline.

Abstract 10927: Development and Psychometric Testing of A Heart-Healthy Information Questionnaire

Introduction: Acquiring sufficient information about cardiovascular prevention is a prerequisite for individuals’ decision making to practice heart-healthy lifestyle behaviors. However, no well-validated instrument currently exists to measure the knowledge about information on heart disease symptoms, risk factors, and benefits of heart-healthy behaviors for cardiovascular prevention targeting healthy people. We used systematic scale development procedures to create a scale of the Heart-Healthy Information Questionnaire (HHIQ) based on the Information-Motivation-Behavioral skills model and recent scientific guidelines of cardiovascular prevention. Methods: Standard scale development methods were used to create items and test their psychometric properties. Participants were 1,315 people without cardiovascular diseases, who were residing in Seoul Metropolitan city. Results: We created preliminary 70 items using a 3-point True/False format with a Don’t know option. The items were two times reviewed by a panel of eight experts in terms of the relevance and clarity of the items, and 54 items were selected by using the cut-off score of content validity index (0.8 or greater). Next, we administrated the questionnaire of 54 items for 1,315 participants, and finally selected 50 items by using the cut-off scores of difficulty index ( &lt; 0.95), discrimination index ( &gt; 10), and item-total correlation (tetrachoric coefficient &gt; 0.2). The Kuder-Richardson formula 20 coefficient for the HHIQ indicated good internal consistency (0.85), and the test-retest reliability coefficient with a 15-day interval also indicated that it had good stability (0.78). Finally, individuals (n = 107) who were informed from heart-healthy education sessions showed significantly higher scores of the HHIQ than those (n = 1,208) who were not informed (p = 0.009). A total score of the HHIQ was significantly correlated with a total score of the Heart Disease Facts Questionnaire (r = 0.61, p &lt; 0.001) and significantly correlated with a total score of the Evaluation Tool for Metabolic Syndrome Modification Lifestyles (r = 0.23, p &lt; 0.001). Conclusion: The HHIQ may be useful to evaluate the knowledge levels of heart-healthy information in the areas of cardiovascular prevention

MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS IN HIV AND AIDS PATIENTS LIVING IN PAKISTAN: A PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS

AIDS is still a burning issue in Pakistani culture, but it does not get much attention so does the mental health of PLHIVs and that is why there is no indigenous tool for the assessment of mental health problems. The present study aimed to explore mental health problems in HIV and AIDS Patients across four stages of the disease. The traditional method of scale development was adopted. The study took place in Lahore Pakistan; participants were recruited from an HIV treatment center. A list of 36 mental health problems was finalized and administered to 230 HIV-positive participants to establish the factorial structure of the scale. As a result of exploratory factor analysis, four factors (i) Anxiety, (ii) Paranoia, (iii) Elation, and (iv) Depression were identified and a scale consisted of 26 problems was finalized. The Cronbach Alpha for Mental Health Scale HIV/AIDS (α= .801) and GHQ-12 (α= .79) show strong internal consistency and concurrent validity of the scale. All four factors have a significant correlation. One week later test-retest reliability was r= 0.40** (*p &lt; .01) that indicated the reliability of the scale. The scale is an indigenous disease-specific assessment tool that preliminary reflects on while living in Pakistan what kind of mental health problems are faced by PLHIVs across four stages of the disease. HIV= Human Immune Deficiency Virus, AIDS= Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, PLHIVs= People Living with HIV and AIDS, TG= Transgender, Gay= Men having sex with men. Keywords: HIV/AIDS, Mental Health Problems, Pakistan

Developing a rigorous measure of the pre-school home mathematics environment

Children begin pre-school with varying levels of school readiness. Those children who enter pre-school with better foundational mathematics skills are more likely to succeed in school than those who do not. This initial variation in early mathematics suggests that experiences outside of the school setting, namely the home environment, may support learning and development. This study aims to systematically develop a comprehensive home mathematics environment questionnaire that reliably assesses the experiences of pre-school children (i.e., 3–5-year-olds) following recent recognised scale development and validation methods. Four studies were used to develop and validate the Pre-school Home Mathematics Questionnaire (PHMQ). Study 1 focused on 1) item generation through individual, in-depth interviews with parents of young children and 2) identifying previous questions from other home mathematics environment (HME) questionnaires to be incorporated into the PHMQ. Study 2 involved questionnaire refinement and was used to assess the psychometric properties of the new measure while addressing construct validity (i.e., factor structure and scale score reliability). Study 3 assessed content and criterion validity of the scale. Finally, Study 4 focused on construct validity through confirmatory factor analysis. Overall, the four studies demonstrate construct, content, and criterion validity. Hence, the newly developed PHMQ satisfies the American Psychological Association (APA) standards for psychometric adequacy.

Development of Measures for the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP): A Collaborative Scale Development Project.

In this article, we describe the collaborative process that is underway to develop measures for the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP). The HiTOP model has generated much interest in the psychiatric literature in recent years, but research applications and clinical translation of the model require measures that are specifically keyed to the model. To that end, the Measures Development Workgroup of HiTOP has been engaged in a collaborative effort to develop both questionnaire and interview methods that (a) are specifically tied to the elements of the HiTOP structure, and (b) provide one means of testing that structure. The work has been divided among five subgroups that are focused on specific HiTOP spectra. Our scale development methods are rooted in the principles of construct valid scale development. This report describes Phase 1 of this project, summarizes the methods and results thus far, and discusses the interplay between measurement and HiTOP model revisions. Finally, we discuss future phases of the scale development and the steps we are taking to improve clinical utility of the final measures.

Reinventing the Universal Structure of Human Values: Development of a New Holistic Values Scale to Measure Indian Values

This article investigates the universal values scale, Schwartz Value Survey (SVS) for its applicability to measure cultural context-specific values. The study establishes a need to construct a new scale by identifying and incorporating Indian culture-specific values in SVS. Deriving data using self-assessment questionnaires from 709 respondents in 2 studies and analysing them using principal component analysis and structural equation modelling, the article reconceptualizes Schwartz’s Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ) and the 10 motivational value factors and develops a new 76-item Holistic Values Scale (HVS) to measure Indian values using well-established scale development methods. The article further presents the research and policy implications and future research areas in this domain.

Culinary acculturation assessment inventory (CAAI): Construction and validation in first generation immigrant consumers in Turkey

The effect of immigration upon immigrants’ choice of food should be captured not only with dietary intake, but also through assessing culturally-based culinary exposures. This approach would advance dietary acculturation research towards culinary acculturation. For this purpose, Culinary Acculturation Assessment Inventory (CAAI) is developed, using visual items. Validity and reliability of CAAI relating to the Turkish Cuisine were determined in a group of first-generation immigrants. Recommended scale development methods were employed. The initial version, including 40 items across two domains of dietary intake and culinary exposures was administered to 256 participants (162 immigrants from 53 countries, 94 Turkish participants). Exploratory factor analyses were performed to identify dietary and culinary practice patterns. Final version of CAAI included 37 items, comprising five factors in dietary domain as basic, meat-heavy, starch-heavy, and accessory foods patterns (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.834), and one factor in cuisine-related practices domain (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.732). Construct validity was investigated by Multiple Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) comparing CAAI factor scores between the immigrant and Turkish participants. Among immigrants, comparisons were made according to acculturation proxies, while accounting for potential covariates. Factor scores that differed significantly between the immigrants and Turkish people (basic and cuisine-related practices patterns) also differed significantly among immigrants with high vs. low fluency in Turkish. In conclusion, CAAI is a reliable and valid measure of culinary acculturation of immigrant population. This novel instrument and its short version can be adapted and used in other countries to capture the culinary acculturation of their immigrants.

A Measure of Tourist Responsibility

In a post-pandemic context, destinations are questioning mass tourism, and are focusing on more sustainable segments, looking for more responsible tourists. This requires obtaining relevant information to assess what kind of tourists visit the destination and, at the same time, to monitor changes in tourists’ behavior and attitudes. This study aims to respond to this challenge by creating a measure to assess the tourist’s responsibility. Using a scale development method, a sequential mixed-method approach is conducted to identify scale dimensions and items. An initial qualitative approach is implemented for item generation using focus group and face-to-face interviews. Then, a second study based on a survey is conducted for exploratory factor analysis. A third study, also based on a survey is performed to obtain a new sample for confirmatory factor analysis. Findings show two dimensions: civic responsibility and philanthropic responsibility, allowing an understanding of how tourists can act responsibly in destinations without compromising the ecological footprint on the planet. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.

Attractive and facilitating store atmospheric stimuli

PurposeThe majority of past studies on the physical store environment have focused on the impacts of distinct store environmental cues like music, crowding and décor on consumers' responses. However, recent research posits that consumer is more likely to experience several cues in a combination, rather than in isolation, i.e. different categories of store environmental cues are likely to impact consumer psychology holistically. Hence, our study aims to identify the relevant factors of store atmospheric cues impacting consumer's attitude in physical retail store context and validate scales to measure such factors.Design/methodology/approachThis research develops and validates psychometrically reliable scales to measure two broad store stimuli factors namely: attractive and facilitating store stimuli, following the scale development method suggested by Churchill (1979).FindingsThe study shows that attractive store stimuli predict affective and sensory store brand experiences. The facilitating store stimuli moderate the effects of attractive store stimuli on affective and sensory store brand experiences. Affective and sensory store brand experiences predict store satisfaction.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the existing body of store ambience research by empirically understanding the psychological mechanism through which customers perceive different store cues holistically leading to the elicitation of store satisfaction.