Sayano-Shushenskaya Hydroelectric Power Plant Research Articles

Assessment of Variations of Indicators of Elastic and Deformation Properties of Rock Massif in the Reservoir of the Sayano-Shushenskaya Hydroelectric Power Plant with Different Water Levels

Results of measurements of the velocities of elastic waves in the rock massif of the foundation of the dam of the Sayano-Shushenskaya Hydroelectric Power Plant in the case of minimal and maximal upstream pool levels are presented. A difference between the variations of the velocities of the longitudinal and transverse waves with increasing upstream pool level on the right-bank and left-bank abutments of the dam is established.

From the Experience of the Reconstruction of the Sayano-Shushenskaya Hydroelectric Power Plant

The basic stages in the reconstruction of the Sayano-Shushenskaya Hydroelectric Power Plant following the major technogenic accident of 2009 are presented. The principal problem areas and methods of their solution in light of modern requirements and technical capabilities for the case of the Sayano-Shushenskaya Hydroelectric Power Plant are considered.

АНАЛИЗ ВХОДНЫХ ВОЗДЕЙСТВУЮЩИХ ФАКТОРОВ И ВЫБОР ТИПА МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЙ МОДЕЛИ НА ЭТАПАХ ИХ СТРУКТУРНОЙ И ПАРАМЕТРИЧЕСКОЙ ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИИ ДЛЯ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ ДЕФОРМАЦИОННОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ ПЛОТИНЫ САЯНО-ШУШЕНСКОЙ ГЭС В ПЕРИОД 2013–2016 ГОДОВ

Assessment of the operational state of a hydraulic structure and its technical safety should be carried out by comparing the obtained quantitative and qualitative diagnostic indicators with their criteria values. For this purpose, predictive mathematical models of the structure's behavior should be developed, which are recommended to be calibrated according to field observations. The article considers features of constructing predictive mathematical models for studying deformation process of displacements of the dam crest of the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power plant. For various combinations of input influencing factors, including the results of field observations and calculated values of component displacements, the most successfully designed predictive mathematical models were studied, on the basis of which the dam body points were forecasted for stages of its operation in different times. The advantages of using the created forecast models for various temperature conditions of the structure (medium, warm and cold temperatures of year) are presented.

К оценке состояния гидротехнических сооружений гидроузлов в современных условиях

The effect the limitations imposed on the water storage reservoir’s headrace level (HRL) variation rate have on the hydroelectric power plant (HPP) power performance indicators is studied taking the cascade of Yenisei HPPs as an example. For quantitatively determining the effect the limitations imposed on the Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP’s HRL variation rate (depending on the air temperature in the preceding period) have on the HPP power performance indicators, water energy calculations were carried out for the following Yenisei cascade operation scenarios: operation of the Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP with variable limitations imposed on the HRL variation rate depending on the air temperature in the previous period; operation of the Sayano-Shushenskaya and Krasnoyarsk HPPs with variable limitations imposed on the HRL variation rate depending on the air temperature in the previous period. The mean energy capability (E0) and the guaranteed power output in winter (Nguar) were taken as the HPP performance indicators from which the effect of limitations was estimated. As a result of the accomplished computations, the guaranteed winter power output in the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydropower system decreased by 17.37%, and its mean energy capability decreased by 3.29%. Based on the accomplished water-energy calculations, a new (corrected) operating mode of the Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP was obtained, in which the regime of levels did not escape beyond the temperature-related limitations. The changes in the Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP operation mode led to a change in the HPP tail race flows. As a result, the Krashoyarsk HPP operation mode was also changed due to the new inflow regime to its site. The study results show very clearly that application of environment temperature-related limitations on the Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP hydraulic structures directly affects the power performance indicators of the Krasnoyarsk HPP. The strongest effect on the Krasnoyarsk HPP parameters takes place at the average temperature in the Karlov site from –17 °С to –11.8 °С in winter and from +8.5 °С to +11 °С in summer. This is connected with the Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP HRL variation rate limitation curve pattern, which in its turn entails a decrease in the HPP tail race flow and, as a consequence, a decrease in the total inflow to the Krasnoyarsk HPP site. As regards the temperature range at the Krasnoyarskaya HPP site, it is from –20 °C to –11 °C for the winter period and from +5 °C to +8 °C for the summer period. The difference in the mean energy capability and guaranteed power output of the Krasnoyarsk HPP during operation under the above-mentioned conditions is 12.9% for mean energy capability and 13.7% for guaranteed winter power output. Key words: limitation of water level variation rate in a water storage reservoir, change of power performance parameters, cascade of Yenisei HPPs.

К оценке состояния гидротехнических сооружений гидроузлов в современных условиях

The effect the limitations imposed on the water storage reservoir’s headrace level (HRL) variation rate have on the hydroelectric power plant (HPP) power performance indicators is studied taking the cascade of Yenisei HPPs as an example. For quantitatively determining the effect the limitations imposed on the Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP’s HRL variation rate (depending on the air temperature in the preceding period) have on the HPP power performance indicators, water energy calculations were carried out for the following Yenisei cascade operation scenarios: operation of the Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP with variable limitations imposed on the HRL variation rate depending on the air temperature in the previous period; operation of the Sayano-Shushenskaya and Krasnoyarsk HPPs with variable limitations imposed on the HRL variation rate depending on the air temperature in the previous period. The mean energy capability (E0) and the guaranteed power output in winter (Nguar) were taken as the HPP performance indicators from which the effect of limitations was estimated. As a result of the accomplished computations, the guaranteed winter power output in the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydropower system decreased by 17.37%, and its mean energy capability decreased by 3.29%. Based on the accomplished water-energy calculations, a new (corrected) operating mode of the Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP was obtained, in which the regime of levels did not escape beyond the temperature-related limitations. The changes in the Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP operation mode led to a change in the HPP tail race flows. As a result, the Krashoyarsk HPP operation mode was also changed due to the new inflow regime to its site. The study results show very clearly that application of environment temperature-related limitations on the Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP hydraulic structures directly affects the power performance indicators of the Krasnoyarsk HPP. The strongest effect on the Krasnoyarsk HPP parameters takes place at the average temperature in the Karlov site from –17 °С to –11.8 °С in winter and from +8.5 °С to +11 °С in summer. This is connected with the Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP HRL variation rate limitation curve pattern, which in its turn entails a decrease in the HPP tail race flow and, as a consequence, a decrease in the total inflow to the Krasnoyarsk HPP site. As regards the temperature range at the Krasnoyarskaya HPP site, it is from –20 °C to –11 °C for the winter period and from +5 °C to +8 °C for the summer period. The difference in the mean energy capability and guaranteed power output of the Krasnoyarsk HPP during operation under the above-mentioned conditions is 12.9% for mean energy capability and 13.7% for guaranteed winter power output. Key words: limitation of water level variation rate in a water storage reservoir, change of power performance parameters, cascade of Yenisei HPPs.

Development of Unrecoverable Displacements of the Dam of the Sayano-Shushenskaya Hydroelectric Power Plant While in Use Under Design Load Parameters (1990 – 2016)

Questions regarding the adaption of the dam of the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power plant once the designed normal pool level had been reached in 1990 are considered. The impact of natural and technogenic factors on this process at different periods of operation of the structure (prior to repair of the dam and foundation (1990 – 1996), during repair (1996 – 2003), and following repairs (2004 – 2012) are investigated. Causes for amplification of asymmetry in operations between the left-bank and right-bank parts of the dam are established. Data attesting to the existence of a stabilized state of the structure in 2013 – 2016 are presented and conditions that will prevent the development of unrecoverable processes in the near future are formulated.

Mathematical Modeling in Systems for Operational Evaluation of the Stress-Strain State of the Arch-Gravity Dam at the Sayano-Shushenskaya Hydroelectric Power Plant

Current studies of the stress-strain state of the dam at the Sayano-Shushenskaya Hydroelectric Power Plant at VNIIG based on mathematical modeling including full scale and experimental data are described. Applications and programs intended for automatic operational evaluation of the stress-strain state of the dam for optimizing control of the upper race level in the course of the annual filling-drawdown cycle and during seismic events are examined. Improvements in systems for monitoring the stress-strain state of concrete dams are proposed.

Determining the Natural Frequencies of the Dam at the Sayano-Shushenskaya Hydroelectric Power Plant Based on Data from a Seismometer System and Computations

A method for measuring the natural frequencies of the arch-gravity dam at the Sayano-Shushenskaya Hydroelectric Power Plant based on data from a seismometric network is described. Experimental and computational determinations of the natural frequencies are compared. It is shown that the calculated values are more sensitive to changes in the upstream water level than the values derived from the field measurements.

Automated Satellite System for Strain Monitoring at the Sayano-Shushenskaya Hydroelectric Power Plant. Practical Experience in its Introduction

Experience with using a satellite method for observing horizontal displacements of the crest of a dam as part of an automatic system for strain monitoring is examined. For the first time, the results from a satellite system are compared with other methods of observation (trilateration, alignment of straight and return plumbs in a dam). Aperiod of 112 days, including drawdown and filling of the reservoir, is chosen for the comparison. The discrepancy is within a range of 1.5 – 2 mm.

What Caused the Accident at the Sayano-Shushenskaya Hydroelectric Power Plant (SSHPP): A Seismologist's Point of View

Research Article| July 01, 2014 What Caused the Accident at the Sayano–Shushenskaya Hydroelectric Power Plant (SSHPP): A Seismologist’s Point of View Victor S. Seleznev; Victor S. Seleznev Geophysical Survey of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 3 Koptuyga Ave, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090fater.gs@gmail.com Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Alexey V. Liseikin; Alexey V. Liseikin Geophysical Survey of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 3 Koptuyga Ave, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090fater.gs@gmail.com Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Alexey A. Bryksin; Alexey A. Bryksin Geophysical Survey of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 3 Koptuyga Ave, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090fater.gs@gmail.com Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Pavel V. Gromyko Pavel V. Gromyko Geophysical Survey of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 3 Koptuyga Ave, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090fater.gs@gmail.com Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Seismological Research Letters (2014) 85 (4): 817–824. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220130163 Article history first online: 14 Jul 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Victor S. Seleznev, Alexey V. Liseikin, Alexey A. Bryksin, Pavel V. Gromyko; What Caused the Accident at the Sayano–Shushenskaya Hydroelectric Power Plant (SSHPP): A Seismologist’s Point of View. Seismological Research Letters 2014;; 85 (4): 817–824. doi: https://doi.org/10.1785/0220130163 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietySeismological Research Letters Search Advanced Search The Sayano–Shushenskaya hydroelectric power plant (SSHPP) is the greatest power plant in Russian history due to its highly rated capacity. This ranks it at number 7 in a list of hydroelectric power plants worldwide (Fig. 1). It is an upstage of Enisey’s series of hydroelectric stations. The station’s unique arch‐gravity dam is the highest in Russia and one of the highest in the world. It has a maximum height of 242 m, its upstream face is delineated with an arc of 600 m in radius, with a width of 105.7 m in its basement and 25 m in its... You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.

Nonordinary excitation of hydroacoustic resonance in the hydroturbine circuit of the sayano-shushenskaya hydroelectric power plant

Three cases of excitation of resonance oscillations in a circuit with an incompressible medium and a hydrodynamic source of narrow-band acoustic radiation are compared. It is asserted that the Francis turbine can transmit and reflect infrasonic disturbances. It is supposed that an array of immobile coaxial cylinders below the impeller will prevent hydroacoustic self-excitation in flow inside the water conduit.

Reliable electric power supply to the United Power System Of Siberia following the accident at the Sayano-Shushenskaya Hydroelectric Power Plant

Reliable electric power supply to the United Power System Of Siberia following the accident at the Sayano-Shushenskaya Hydroelectric Power Plant

The Effect of Reservoirs on the Rock Foundation of High Dams

Any man-made water storage (reservoir) produces additional loading in a local area of the Earth’s crust, which does not leave unaffected the local hydrogeological conditions. These factors exert an influence on the properties and the state of the enclosing rock massif; still, in designing and performance analysis of large dams, they are commonly left out of consideration. The available experimental data provide evidence that, under definite engineering geology conditions and operational regimes, these factors may cause serious destructive changes in the basement of engineering structures and complicate their performance efficiency. In this paper, we analyze the hazard associated with such destructive changes based on follow-up regime observations of the abutment in the Inguri arch dam and arch-gravity dam of the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power plant (HPP) under different operational regimes of their reservoirs. Inguri arch dam. The foundation and abutment of the dam and also part of the reservoir bed at the dam are composed of Low Cretaceous limestones, dolomitic limestones, and dolomites, with their beds extending jointly to the afterbay. The rock massif features an alternation of beds of different thickness — from thin to very large. The primary bedding is complicated by the superposition of tectonic joints. At the foundation of the massif, six systems of joints are distinguished, of which the most developed are bedding joints, steeply dipping (subvertical) joints parallel to the slope, and flat joints subnormal to the slope [1]. The lefthand abutment is complicated by a tectonic dislocation of the fault-shift type, which is a feathering-out of the local Ingurishskii fault. In terms of tectonic jointing and surface weathering, the massif is divided into a number of engineering geology elements that differ substantially in physicomechanical and seepage properties [1]. Special regime observations were conducted to monitor the behavior of rock masses at the foundation and abutments of the dam. Along with the standard observations (KIA System), other geophysical measurements (seismic, ultrasonic, electric, thermometric) were carried out; deformation properties of rocks were remeasured using unique hydraulic cushions located at different distances from the day surface [3]. Most of the observations had begun before the Inguri reservoir started filling in 1978 (the filling continued for about 15 years). The measured geophysical parameters — velocities of seismic (V s ) and ultrasonic (V us ) elastic waves 2 and electrical resistance n — were used to to follow changes in the properties of rocks in the foundation and abutments of the dam during the filling of the Inguri reservoir and its various service regimes [2, 4 – 6]. The main results may be summarized as follows. Under the filling and service conditions, sharp spatio-temporal changes in parameters V s , V us , and n were observed that exceeded the measurement error by 1 – 1.5 orders of magnitude. The changes in V s , V us , and n differed substantially in subsurface and deep-seated areas of the rock massif, as well as in structural blocks of different size. In terms of the time trend, the rock massif under study can be divided into three zones: — high-trend zone — a near-surface portion of the massif, 80 – 90 m in depth extent where the largest fluctuations in V s and n were recorded; — moderate-trend zone — a portion of the rock massif moderately responsive to effects exerted by the reservoir; this zone is demarcated between 80 – 90 and 200 – 250 m; — zero-trend zone, practically insensitive to the reservoir effects, where the recorded values of V s and n are fairly constant; the depth of occurrence of this zone (measured nor