SAS Method Research Articles

Synthesis of nanosized phases with a garnet structure using supercritical СО2 fluid

A method was developed for the production of nanosized complex oxides and oxysulfides. The first stage uses supercritical СО2 fluid (SAS – supercritical antisolvent method). This approach makes it possible to obtain precursor-free complex oxides in a narrow nanoscale range. Nanosized rare-earth iron garnets with the general formula R3Fe5O12, where R is a rare earth element, were obtained and studied by physicochemical methods. The resulting samples have a size of less than 100 nm, exhibit ferromagnetic ordering, and can be used as soft magnetic materials. The multi-stage method for the preparation of complex oxysulfides was not previously demonstrated anywhere in the literature. The method involves three stages. At the first stage, a nanosized X-ray amorphous solid solution of the original salts is obtained using the SAS method. Then a nanosized X-ray amorphous component – the oxide phase – is obtained by annealing in a furnace. After this, the resulting oxide phase is mixed with the disulfide of a transition element (Nb, Mo), and high-temperature annealing is performed in an evacuated quartz ampoule. As a result, compact and nanosized phases of the composition Eu3Fe5-3/2xMox□1/2xO12-2xS2x and Eu3Fe5-3/2xNbx□1/2xO12-2xS2x, where x = 0.15, were obtained for the first time. The introduction of the sulfide component, namely NbS2, into the garnet structure increases its magnetic parameters by the factor of 1.5.

The Influence of the SAS Method (Synthetic Analytical Structural) to Improve the Vocabulary Mastery Ability of Grade I Students in Elementary Schools

This research is a quantitative study to determine the effect of the SAS (Synthetic Structural Analytical) method to improve the vocabulary mastery abilities of class I students in elementary schools in the 2023/2024 academic year. Tebayak Hamlet, Tegal Maja Village, Tanjung District, North Lombok Regency. In this type of quantitative research, the pretest approach uses a single group pretest and posttest design. The collection technique used by researchers is pretest and also uses observation, interviews and instrument tests, which shows students' ability to master vocabulary.This is proven by the average pre-test score of 53.5% while the post-test average is 76.0%. Likewise, the results of the calculations obtained are t calculated at 12.795 > t table 0.444 with a significance of 5%, thus t calculated > t table, it can be concluded that there is a significant influence of the SAS (Synthetic Structural Analytical) method to improve students' vocabulary mastery abilities. class I in elementary school.

The Implementation Of The Sas Method With Picture Card Activities To Enhance Initial Reading Abilities

The Implementation Of The Sas Method With Picture Card Activities To Enhance Initial Reading Abilities

Preparation of β-carotene nanoparticles using supercritical CO2 anti-solvent precipitation by injection of liquefied gas feed solution

This study proposes to further exploit the potential of the carbon dioxide supercritical anti-solvent precipitation (SAS) process by using liquefied gas as a feed solvent in the SAS process. In this study, liquefied dimethyl ether (DME) is compared to conventional ethyl acetate as the feed solvent for β-carotene. DME is a gas in its standard state, and when it is made into a subcritical liquefied gas, it has a larger self-diffusion coefficient and saturated vapor pressure, and smaller viscosity and surface tension than liquid solvents. Because of these characteristics of liquefied DME, liquefied DME prevents primary particle agglomeration and DME residue. When ethyl acetate was used as the feed solvent, the conditions giving the smallest particles were 60 °C and 12 MPa, and 31 ± 5 nm primary particles of β-carotene were obtained. However, most of these were aggregated into secondary particles of several hundred nanometers. In the case of liquefied DME, the condition giving the smallest particles was 40 °C and 12 MPa, and primary particles of 58 ± 8 nm β-carotene were dispersed without aggregation. Furthermore, FT-IR analysis detected residual ethyl acetate in the aggregated β-carotene particles, whereas DME was not detected in the dispersed particles. Liquefied DME is likely to be a suitable solvent for the micronization of heat-sensitive substances using the SAS method without agglomeration. Combining various liquefied gases, not just DME, with the SAS process may create possibilities for applying the SAS process to target materials that are insoluble in conventional liquid solvents and for synthesizing even finer nanoparticles.

SAS Method assisted by Picture Story Books to Improve Elementary School Students' Beginning Reading Ability

Reading ability is one of the language skills that every student must master. To a certain extent, reading ability becomes a basic ability that can be used to analyze certain information or data. This research aims to improve elementary school students' initial reading abilities. The type of research used is classroom action research. The subjects of this research were elementary school students. Data collection was carried out using observation and test techniques. The data obtained was then analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques. The research results show that the SAS method assisted by picture story books can improve elementary school students' initial reading abilities. This can be seen from the results of the first cycle which reached 65.38%, then increased in the second cycle to 76.92% and finally to 84.61% in the third cycle. Below is a diagram of the achievements in each cycle. Therefore, the SAS method assisted by picture story books can be used as a reference that can be used in learning Indonesian at the elementary school level, especially in terms of improving beginning reading skills

Generating trajectory data without behavior modeling: An online virtual reality method in wayfinding performance evaluation for buildings

Wayfinding performance is one of the key issues in pre- or post-occupancy evaluation for large-scale public buildings and such evaluation typically revolves around participants’ wayfinding trajectories. Traditional evaluation methods, including laboratory virtual reality (VR) experiments and computer simulations, have their respective advantages in accuracy or cost-efficiency. However, they either suffer from high costs and low efficiency or sacrifice the diversity of behavioral data for higher efficiency and lower costs. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel method named “sampling as simulation” (SaS) via an online VR wayfinding experiment. This method allows for the rapid collection of behavioral data at a lower cost to generate highly accurate wayfinding trajectory data for evaluation purposes. It utilizes a model-image integrated approach to create realistic online virtual environments and employs a spatiotemporal replay algorithm to generate a crowd of true-trajectory-driven avatars, significantly enhancing the immersion and realism of the online virtual scenes. This method was demonstrated and validated with a wayfinding performance post-occupancy evaluation (POE) project at the International Departure of Satellite Terminal One (S1) in Shanghai Pudong International Airport (PVG). In this example, a total of 13,712 original trajectories were collected within a 72-h time window, serving as the original dataset for evaluation. Based on this dataset, the study effectively simulated wayfinding behavior in three different scenarios and evaluated wayfinding performance. Compared to existing methods, the SaS method not only improves data collection efficiency and reduces costs but also maintains the diversity of behavior by generating transformed trajectories directly from human data without behavior modeling.

Development of a Module Based on the Sas Method to Improve Reading and Writing Skills in Class II SDN 054905 Paya Redas

This research method uses the research and development method. This research aims to develop student learning modules that are suitable for student learning in lower grades, and improve the quality of teacher teaching in learning. The research was carried out at SDN 054905 Paya Redas with research subject II. The results of the research that has been carried out show that there are several students who have difficulty reading, there are still students who cannot distinguish letters and have not memorized the letters of the alphabet. One method that can motivate students to improve their learning is by using the SAS ( Synthetic Structural Analytical ) Method. Data collection techniques use documentation and questionnaires, while data analysis techniques use percentages . The result of the development stage is to produce a reading module product. Thus, it can be concluded that the development of reading skills modules is based on Synthetic Structural Analytical (SAS) is included in the very valid or very feasible category. Thus, it can be concluded that the feasibility of the beginning reading and writing module based on Synthetic Analytical Structural (SAS) in class II elementary school learning is included in the very feasible category.

SAS Method: Creating Equity and Adaptivity for Students' Linguistic Skills

The aim of this research was to describe the application of the SAS (Synthetic Structural Analytical) method as an effort for equality and adaptivity towards the linguistic skills of early age students. This research used the type of Classroom Action Research. The subjects of this research were class B1 students at TPA (20 students). Data collection techniques use observation, interviews and (closed) tests. The data analysis technique used is analysis of the percentage test results for students' reading skill categories based on the results obtained on observation sheets taken during the learning process. The results prove that the SAS method is able to develop students' reading skills so that they are effective and successful in achieving quality and adaptivity later at the elementary school level. The increase in the percentage of students' reading skills was obtained from the five aspects (sensory, perceptual, schemata, thinking and affective) which encouraged them to develop their reading skills in a structured and synthetic analysis. This research specifically described the success of the SAS method which can not only be a technique for improving students' reading skills, but can also make

PENGGUNAAN METODE SAS BERBANTUAN KARTU KATA BERGAMBAR TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS I DI SEKOLAH DASAR

This study aims to determine the effect of using the SAS method assisted by picture word cards on the beginning reading ability of grade 1 students in elementary schools. In this study using a quantitative approach with a research design using a quasi-experimental or quasi-experimental design. The samples in this study were class I-A, which consisted of 25 students as class and class I-B, which consisted of 25 students as the control class. The data collection technique used in this study is through tests and observations. The tests used are pre-test and ¬post-test. Based on the research results, the experimental class obtained an average pretest score of 45.53 with an average posttest score of 86.12. Meanwhile, the average value of the control class pretest was 44.86 and the average posttest value of the control class was 66.96. The results of the tests carried out by researchers in the experimental class and control class, it can be concluded that the posttest score was found to be greater than the pretest, which means that students' initial reading ability increases. The researcher used an independent test sample t test to find the effect of the SAS method assisted by picture word cards on the beginning reading ability of first grade elementary school students. It is known that the calculated t value is 16.139 with a sig value of 0.000 <0.05, which means that there is a significant influence on the initial reading ability of first grade elementary school students in the experimental class and the control class. Then in accordance with the decision making that has been determined then that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. Thus the researchers concluded that there was an effect of using the SAS method assisted by picture word cards on the initial reading ability of grade 1 students in elementary schools.

Strategi Guru Kelas Meningkatkan Keterampilan Literasi Kelas II pada Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 2 Sambas

The aim of this research is to find out and analyze class teacher strategies to improve reading literacy skills, namely by teaching students to understand reading texts and pay attention to each word. Basically, students are taught during PAUD/TK. But in reality there are still students who cannot recognize letters or read, write and count. This research method uses qualitative phenomenological research. The data source used is the MIN 2 Sambas teacher. Data collection techniques use observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques use data reduction, data display and data conclusions. The results of the research show that the class teacher's strategy improves reading literacy skills, namely by teaching students to understand the reading text and pay attention to each word in the reading, and repeating the reading as often as possible. reading in the library. The methods taught to teach students are: a). alphabet method, for example recognizing the letters a b c. b). spelling method, example of spelling letters, c). syllable method for example ba, ca, da and so on. d). method example words run, like and so on. e). The SAS method is to display or introduce a complete sentence

Viscosity Measurement of CO2-Solvent Mixtures for the Study of the Morphology and Size of Crystalline Particles Obtained Using Supercritical Antisolvent Precipitation.

The viscosity values of CO2-dimethylphormamide, chloroform, methanol, isopropanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, and dimethyl sulfoxide mixtures were measured at a pressure of 150 bar and a temperature of 313 K. The correlation of the mean size of levofloxacin hydrochloride and malonic acid particles precipitated using the SAS method with the viscosity of the used CO2-solvent mixtures is shown. The high viscosity of the mixtures leads to slower mixing of the solution and the antisolvent. Therefore, crystallization occurs at large fractions of the solvent, and as a consequence at a lower supersaturation. This causes the formation of larger particles when using more viscous solvents in SAS.

Pemanfaatan Metode SAS (struktural analitik sintetik) Dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Permulaan Dan Menulis Permulaan Siswa Tunarungu Wicara

The purpose of this study is to describe the use of the SAS (Synthetic Structural Analytical) method in improving the beginning reading and writing skills of first graders with speech impairments. This research is a class action research (CAR). Data collection techniques are carried out through observation, documentation, and tests. Data analysis was carried out in this study using descriptive analysis, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that: 1) using the synthetic structural analytic method (SAS) can improve the beginning reading and writing skills of grade 1 students, 2) using the synthetic structural analytic method (SAS) in learning to read beginning and start writing is carried out in stages, namely two cycles experienced a significant increase where students in cycle 1 were categorized as 'less' than the average value of 66.6 and in cycle II they increased to the category of 'very good' with an average value of 81.1. Thus the synthetic structural analytic method (SAS) needs to be used as a reference by teachers in early reading and writing learning activities in elementary schools.

THE EFFECT OF THE SAS (STRUCTURE ANALYSIS SYNTHESIS) METHOD WITH THE HELP OF BACALAH’S BOOK

Reading is an aspect of language skills that affects students' success in understanding various subjects. Reading Skills, of course, begin with initial reading; preliminary reading is critical so that students have reading skills. This study aims to see and understand the effect of assisted reading books SAS method to improve the ability to read Early Grade II Elementary School students. The technique applied is an experimental method based on the post-test Pretest design of one group with T-test data analysis. The results showed mean pretest = 24.7 and mean posttest = 73.1. This means there is a significant difference between the initial reading ability of students before treatment and after treatment with the SAS method. The results of the T-test analysis have a significance value of 0.000 which indicates that the significance value 0.05, then Ho is rejected, and Ha is accepted. Therefore, with the help of reading books, the SAS method dramatically affects the early reading ability of Grade II Elementary School students.

PENGARUH METODE SAS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA SISWA KELAS 1 SD

This study aims to determine the effect of the SAS method to improve the reading ability of first grade elementary school students. The research method used is a quantitative type of experiment in the form of a pre experimental design and a one group pretest posttest design. The population in this study amounted to 21 first grade elementary school students. The sample in this study used a purposive sampling technique. Data collection techniques used are observation and tests. The data analysis technique used is the t test (paired sample t-test). From the results of research data processing with the help of the SPSS 26 application, the value of ????ℎ???????????????????? = 8.302 ≥ ???????????????????????? = 1.725 with α = 0.05 and df = 20, then 8.302 ≥ 1.725 thus ????ℎ???????????????????? ≥ ????????????????????????. In accordance with the prerequisites for testing the hypothesis, ????0 is rejected and ???????? is accepted or there is a significant effect between the Synthetic Structural Analytical (SAS) method to improve the reading ability of class I elementary school students.

PENGARUH METODE SAS BERBANTUAN MEDIA GAMBAR TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA DAN MENULIS PERMULAAN SISWA KELAS I SD NEGERI 1 TAMBLANG

This study aims to analyze the effect of applying the synthetic structural analytic method (SAS) using image media on the reading and writing abilities of first grade students in elementary school using a quantitative approach. Quasi-experimental research design with a non-equivalent pretest posttest model. The study population was all students of class I SD Negeri 1 Tamblang, North Toraja Regency, totaling 59 students, divided into two study groups with each class IA, namely 29 students, while class IB consisted of 30 students. The sampling technique used the cluster random sampling technique and class IA as the experimental class while class IB as the control class. The data collection technique is using a performance test for writing and a preliminary reading test. based on the comparative analysis of the average reading ability at the beginning of the experimental class and the control class, the value of t = 7.495> 1.69726 and sig. (2-tailed) = 0.001.69726 and sig. (2-tailed) = 0.00 <0.05 this shows that the SAS method has a significant effect on the initial writing ability of class I students of SD Negeri 1 Tamblang

THE EFFECT OF IMAGE MEDIA-ASSISTED SAS METHOD ON READING AND WRITING ABILITY IN BEGINNING OF THE FIRST GRADE STUDENTS OF SD NEGERI 1 SOPAI

The purpose of the research is to analyze The effect of the image media-assisted SAS method on reading and writing ability at the beginning of the first-grade students of SD Negeri 1 Sopai.This research uses a quantitative approach with a Quasi-experimental research design with a non-equivalent pretest-posttest model. The research population was all first-grade students of SD Negeri 1 Sopai, North Toraja Regency. The total population is 59 students, divided into two study groups, with each class IA being 29 students while class IB was 30 students. The sampling technique used random cluster sampling and class IA as the experimental class, while class IB was the control class. The data collection technique uses a performance test for writing and an initial reading test. Based on the comparative analysis of the average reading ability at the beginning of the experimental class and the control class, the value of t = 7.495> 1.69726 and sig. (2-tailed) = 0.00<0.05 states that the SAS method assisted by image media significantly affects the student's initial reading ability. For the students' initial writing ability, the t-value is 7.390>1.69726 and sig. (2-tailed) = 0.00<0.05, this shows that the SAS method significantly affects the writing ability of the first grader of SD Negeri 1 Sopai.

PENGARUH PENERAPAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN SAS (STRUKTURAL ANALITIK SITETIK)TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PADA SISWA KELAS I DI SD NEGERI CIKUMBUEUN 3

The background of this research is that there are problems that experience the influence of the application of the SAS method on students' reading abilities at SDN Cikumbueun 3 due to a lack of motivation for students to read and the lack of methods used and there are several other factors that can influence students' interest in learning to read. This study aims to analyze the effect of applying the SAS (Synthetic Structural Analytical) learning method to improving reading skills in first grade students at SD Negeri Cikumbueun 3. The approach used in this research is to use a quantitative approach using an experimental method. The results of this study were carried out using the SAS (Synthetic Structural Analytical) learning method which can be applied in beginning reading to grade I students at SD Negeri Cikumbueun 3. After applying this method, it can be seen that students' reading abilities can be categorized as adequate and almost all students are able to obtain grades a good one is above 70 or 86, 35%. It is also known that based on the calculation of the t-test, the comparison of the results of the pretest and posttest abilities shows that tcount is 17.63 > ttable = 3.819.

PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA BIG BOOK DENGAN METODE SAS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PERMULAAN SISWA KELAS 1 SEKOLAH DASAR

The problem in this study is the lack of development of learning media. The aim is to determine the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of big book media using the SAS method to improve the beginning reading skills of grade 1 elementary school students. This research is research and development with a design from Borg and Gall 10. The validity test was carried out by experts with a score of 90% for the material aspect and 90% for the learning media aspect, both of which are in the very valid category. The practicality test was obtained from student and teacher questionnaires which were stated to be practical by students by obtaining an average score of 87.25 in the very good category and the practicality/readability response of practitioners by the class teacher obtained a score of 88 in the very good category. Based on peer assessment, scores obtained with intervals of 85 are in the very good category. The result of the paired sample t test is 0.000. The n gain value obtained is 0.50 with the moderate improvement category. The results of the research show that the big book media with the SAS method developed is proven to be valid, practical, and effective so that it is very suitable for use in learning Indonesian in elementary schools to improve the beginning reading skills of grade 1 elementary school students.

Analisis Pembelajaran Menulis Permulaan dengan Metode SAS pada Peserta Didik Kelas I MITQ Al-Kautsar Surakarta Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022

The aims of this study were: 1) To analyze the writing difficulties experienced by students. 2) Knowing the application of the SAS (Synthetic-Structural Analytic) method in overcoming beginner writing difficulties for students. 3) Knowing the factors that influence students' initial writing difficulties. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research. The subjects used were class I MITQ Al-Kautsar Surakarta students. Data collection techniques are interviews, observation and questionnaires. Based on data analysis, the following conclusions were obtained: 1) There were six grade I students who had difficulty writing at the beginning, judging from a) the neatness of their writing; b) writing that is difficult to read; c) writing late; d) write letters upside down like b-d, p-b; e) when writing there are letters missing. 2) The implementation of the teacher's strategy in overcoming the difficulty of starting writing with the SAS method is carried out quite effectively. 3) There are two factors that influence students' initial writing difficulties, namely external factors and internal factors.

Strategi Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Al-Quran bagi Peserta Didik di SMK Negeri 1 Batangtoru

This research was conducted to find out how the PAI strategy is to improve students' Al-Quran reading skills, including students' Al-Quran reading skills, teacher strategies, supporting and inhibiting factors for teachers, as well as the results of Al-Quran reading strategies. The method used by researchers in this research is qualitative with a descriptive approach. This research was conducted at SMKN 1 Batangtoru. Data collection techniques used are observation, documentation and interviews. The findings show that students' ability to read the Koran varies for each individual. As for the teacher's strategy, such as getting used to reading the Koran before PAI learning begins, grouping students, and applying reading and listening to the Koran. The methods used, such as the iqro, amma, sas, qiroati, and tahsin methods. While the supporting factors for the teacher's strategy include the role of the principal, the role of parents, the extracurricular recitations, and the high level of motivation of students in participating in learning the Koran and the inhibiting factors for the teacher's strategy include the lack of books on learning the Koran, the lack of time for PAI learning, and lack of learning media facilities. The results obtained by students after receiving Al-Quran learning were gradually increasing.