Macrozoobenthos Samples Research Articles

Community structure of macrozoobenthos as a water quality indicator at Margagiri-Grenyang coastal waters, Banten Bay

Abstract Macrozoobenthos live sedentary at the bottom of the waters with slow movements and a relatively long-life cycle, and they are able to respond continuously to changes in water conditions. The aim of this study is to analyze macrozoobenthic ecology as an indicator of water quality at Margagiri-Grenyang coastal waters, Banten Bay. The study was carried out for 5 months from July-November 2022 with six stations. Macrozoobenthos samples were taken using Petersen Grab, and water quality was measured in situ and ex situ. Data analysis was conducted to estimate abundance, biological indices, PCA, similarity index, and AMBI and M-AMBI. The macrozoobenthos at the study site were composed of six phyla (Molusca, Annelida, Echinodermata, Arthropoda, Hoplonemertea, and Nemertea). The highest density of the marozoobenthos was found in July (3178 ind/m2), with moderate diversity (H′) (2.535–2.758), medium-high evenness (E) (0.742–0.833), and low dominance (C) indices (0.157–0.241). Based on PCA, the distribution of macrozoobenthos is influenced by turbidity and TSS parameters. AMBI and M-AMBI analysis showed that macrozoobenthos undisturbed and indicated by good-high water quality.

Macrozoobenthos diversity and heavy metal contamination inFaunus aterin the Rasian and Asahan rivers in the southern coast of Aceh, Indonesia

SummaryMacrozoobenthos is a sedentary aquatic biota and is often used as a bioindicator for assessing water conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the species diversity of the macrozoobenthos and to analyze the heavy metal contamination inFaunus aterin the Rasian and Asahan estuaries in Aceh Province, Indonesia. The sampling was carried out in July 2022 on a squared transect of 1 m × 1 m for the collection of macrozoobenthos samples at random locations. The results showed that there were 17 macrozoobenthos species from both locations, of which 14 species were found in the Rasian River estuary and seven species in the Asahan River estuary. The diversity index of macrozoobenthos was in a moderate category.Terebralia sulcatahad a higher density in the Asahan River, whileF. aterhad a higher density in the Rasian River. The results of the heavy metal analysis in theF. atersample showed that this macrozoobenthos was contaminated by mercury, cadmium, and lead, of which the concentration of mercury exceeded the threshold limit, and they are, therefore, not safe for consumption.

IDENTIFICATION OF MACROZOOBENTOS IN THE UPSTREAM OF THE BRANTAS RIVER, BLITAR

Macrozoobenthos are animals that settle at the bottom of the waters with limited movement and are sensitive to changes in water quality so that they can be used as bioindicators of water quality. Examples of macrozoobenthos are snails, crabs, clams, shellfish, and insect larvae. Not much research has been done on macrozoobenthos, especially in the upper reaches of the Brantas River, so it is necessary to identify macrozoobenthos which can be used as bio-indicators of pollution levels in the upper reaches of the Brantas River. Macrozoobenthos sampling was carried out by kicking and jabbing techniques. Samples that were ready were then observed with the help of a stereo microscope and identified up to the family level. 24 families of macrozoobenthos (Parathhelpusidae, Palaemonidae, Tubificidae, Dugesiidae, Erpobdellidae, Thiaridae, Physidae, Gomphidae, Hydropsychidae, Chironomidae, Perlidae, Scyomizidae, Amphipterygidae, Baetidae, Tipulidae), 6 orders (Lumbricullidae, Epheroptera, Diptera, Planaria, Coleoptera, Trichopteran), and 4 classes (Malacostraca, Citellata, Gastropods, and Insects).

MACROZOOBENTHOS COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN SETAN ISLAND, MANDEH TOURISM AREA, PESISIR SELATAN, WEST SUMATRA

Macrozoobenthos are aquatic organisms that live on the bottom of the water. Macrozoobenthos can be tolerant or sensitive to environmental changes. Organisms that live relatively sedentary and have varying adaptability to environmental conditions. However, there is no information about macrozoobenthos on Setan Island in Mandeh Tourism Area. To know/understand information about the density and distribution patterns of macrozoobenthos on Setan Island, this study was conducted in January 2022. The sampling area is in the intertidal zone of Setan Island. Sampling was conducted at three stations, each station was divided into three transects. Macrozoobenthos sampling was done using a sieve measuring 1mm x 1mm. The movement of macrozoobenthos to the gravel substrate was relatively slow to avoid the waves. Macrozoobenthos samples were then identified. The density of macrozoobenthos on Setan Island ranged from 2.89-3.89 ind/m2. Station 2 has a higher macrozoobenthos density of 3.89 Ind/m2, the calculation of macrozoobenthos on Setan Island obtained data on the distribution pattern of macrozoobenthos in clusters

An Assessment of Potential Beam Trawling Impact on North-Western Black Sea Benthic Habitats Aiming at a Sustainable Fisheries Management

The North-Western Black Sea shelf is extremely vulnerable to disturbances of its habitats and ecosystems. In the past 10 years, this area has become targeted by beam trawl fisheries for the invasive gastropod Rapana venosa (Valenciennes, 1846), with a potentially destructive impact on the area’s soft bottoms. Not many studies have been performed in the region, and most investigations have focused on gear selectivity and by-catch rates. In this context, our novel research aimed, on the one hand, to assess and quantify the actual impact of beam trawling and, on the other hand, to propose effective spatial/temporal management measures for a sustainable zonation of the North-Western Black Sea shelf (marine zone of the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve). The methodology used integrated beam trawl catch dynamics information, VMS data, geophysical investigations, and macrozoobenthos sampling. Our findings show that beam trawling activities can cause changes in the benthic habitat structure (lower number of taxa, lower values of ecological indicators, and an overall non-GES status). Further in-depth investigations are needed to underpin the ecosystem-based management of this marine protected area (MPA), aiming to allow the recovery of the affected benthic habitats, by alternating defined areas undergoing fishing with biological recovery polygons.

KARAKTER VEGETASI, KEANEKARAGAMAN MAKROZOOBENTOS DAN KARBON PADA SEDIMEN DI KAWASAN MANGROVE NUSA LEMBONGAN DAN ESTUARI PERANCAK

Natural mangroves can be found in Nusa Lembongan, which is bordered by coral reefs, while in the Perancak Estuary, some of the lands are former ponds. The aim of the study was to determine the density, canopy cover, and organic carbon content in mangrove sediments. Data were collected from 3 stations, using transects measuring 10 x 10 m to determine density, height, trunk circumference, and canopy cover, as well as macrozoobenthos sampling. The mangrove density in Lembongan is very high, the tree height reaches 8 – 10 meters, and the mangrove canopy cover is in a good category. The macrozoobenthos diversity index is in the medium category and the carbon content in the sediments is high. Mangroves in Perancak Estuary are densely dense, with an average tree height of 8 meters, and canopy cover in the good category. The index of macrozoobenthos diversity was moderate and the organic carbon in the sediments was lower than in the mangroves at Nusa Lembongan. The character of the mangrove vegetation is different in the two areas. The Nusa Lembongan mangrove growing area is directly opposite the sea, but in the Perancak Estuary, it tends to be closed and flows by a large river around it. The mangrove growth zone is still natural in the Nusa Lembongan area, in contrast to the Perancak Estuary mangrove area which has been rehabilitated at several points.
 Keywords: Mangrove vegetation; macrozoobenthos; carbon on sediment

MACROZOOBENTHOS DIVERSITY AS A BIOINDICATOR OF WATER QUALITY AROUND THE CENTER POINT OF INDONESIA (CPI)

Benthos are invertebrate animals that live at the bottom of the waters. One biota that can be used as a biological parameter in determining the quality of a waters is macrozoobenthos. The waters around the Center Point of Indonesia (CPI) are one of the waters that have received a lot of additional organic matter and other pollutant materials through the estuaries of the canals that flow into the waters of Losari Beach. The study was conducted by sampling macrozoobenthos at each station using Ejkman Grab at each station 3 times sampling then sieved using a benthos sieve measuring 1 mm. In addition, measurements of environmental factors were carried out at each station with 3 replications directly in the field and analyzed in the laboratory. The results of the macrozoobenthos sampling study obtained 4 macrozoobenthos classes found at the study site, namely the Gastropod Class (4 species), the Crustacea Class, the Ophiuroidea Class, and the Oligochaeta Class each 1 species. The highest diversity and abundance of macrozoobenthos was found at Station 6 which is suspected because this station has a sandy sediment texture and sediment DOM content and high concentrations of water solubility of oxygen which support the life of makzoobenthos. Macrozoobenthos diversity at the study site (waters around the Center Point of Indonesia) is low with a diversity index (H') value of 0.00 - 0.16. The high abundance of makzoobenthos at Station 5 and Station 6 is characterized by high current velocity, sediment DOM and high oxygen concentration.

ANALYSIS OF ORGANIC MATTER CONTENT IN SEDIMENTS AND MACROZOOBENTHOS ABUNDANCE IN PAKNING RIVER WATERS, BENGKALIS REGENCY, RIAU PROVINCE

This research was conducted in April 2021 to analyze organic matter content in the sediment and the abundance of macrozoobenthos. The purpose of this study was to analyze the content of organic matter in sediments and their relationship with the abundance of macrozoobenthos in the waters of the Pakning River, Bengkalis Regency, Riau Province. Sediment and macrozoobenthos samples were taken from the waters of the Pakning River, Bengkalis District, Riau Province. The method used in this research is a survey method. Sampling was determined using purposive sampling at four different stations. The results of this study indicate that the organic matter content of sediment in the waters of the Pakning River has a percentage of 6.73-12.76%. The highest organic matter content is at station 1 of 12.76% and the lowest organic matter content is at station 4 of 6.73%. The highest average abundance of macrozoobenthos was 19.26 ind/m2 at station 1 with the dominant species being Anadara granosa. Connection between organic sediment and abundance of macrozoobenthos has a linear regression equation y = 1.8442 +0.1662x with a coefficient (R2) of 0.1491 which means that the effect of organic matter in the waters of the Pakning River is 14.9% while 85.1% is influenced by other factors. The value of 0.38 indicates that the relationship between organic matter and the abundance of macrozoobenthos is, a moderate relationship

Condition of Seagrass Beds Ecosystem on Poncan Gadang Island Based on Macrozoobenthos Diversity

The seagrass ecosystem of Poncan Gadang island is one of the ecosystems that often come under pressure due to ecotourism activities. Pressure on these ecosystems can have an impact on the diversity of the types of animals that live in them. This research is aimed at knowing the condition of seagrass ecosystems based on the diversity of macrozoobenthos that live in them. The observation point is divided into 5 stations. At each point, a square transect of 1x1 meters is made as many as 10 pieces. Collection of macrozoobenthos samples is carried out by the hand sorting method. The samples collected were then identified at the Ecology Laboratory of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Labuhanbatu. Data analysis uses the shannon wienner index (H'), Dominance Index (C') and Similarity Index (IS) formulas. Data analysis was done by computer program Plymouth Routines In Multivariate Ecological Research (Primer) 7th version. The results showed that there were 30 species of macrozobenthos living in the seagrass ecosystem of Poncan Gadang island, with a diversity index (H') of 3.031-3.191, a dominance index (C') of 0.0038 - 0.0053, then a similarity index (IS) of 86.792 – 98.305%. This result indicates the condition of the seagrass beds ecosystem of Poncan Gadang Island is in good condition, with a moderate level of uniformity, low dominance and high similarity

Identification and Analysis of Macrozoobenthos in The Reclamation Land Area of Lime Mining

Mining activities that occur at PT Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. caused the land to become critical land where the nutrients are low and the ecosystem is disturbed, therefore it is necessary to carry out restoration activities for ex-mining land as an effort to be made for the process of recovering ex-mining land as happened to PT Semen Indonesia Tbk, namely by carrying out reclamation activities. Reclamation is an activity that aims to improve or manage the use of disturbed land due to general mining business activities so that it can function and be efficient in accordance with its designation. This study aimed to analyze the structure of the macrozoobenthos community in the reclamation land ecosystem of PT Semen Indonesia limestone mining. This is expected to provide information on the structure of the ecosystem macrozoobenthos community on reclaimed land. A sampling of macrozoobenthos was carried out in the Sugihan village (SUG) and Mliwang village (MLI), Merakurak district, Tuban regency using the direct hand collecting method. The results of this study indicated that the macrozoobenthos species found on the reclamation land of PT. Semen Indonesia Tbk showed it was included in the medium category.

The Diversity Of Macrozoobenthos River Aek Buru District Labuhan Batu Utara

Benthos are organisms that live in the bottom of the waters, either animal or plant, living on the surface and in the bottom of the waters. This study aims to determine the diversity of Macrozoobenthos in the River Aek Hurry. The study began in November 2021 to January 2021. Sampling of macrozoobenthos done using a Surber net. based on differences in the substrate at the base of the river. Macrozoobenthos found in the Aek Buru consists of two Phyla, namely the Arthropods and Mollusks. Phylum Arthropoda are found is of the class of Insects belonging to the genus Hydropsyche, Polycentropus, psephenus, Dryops, Anthopotamu, Acroneuria and Triops. The phylum of Mollusks that are found are from a class of Bilvavia included in the Genus Corbicula and of the class of Gastropods of the Genera Melanoides and Melanatria. The abundance of macrozoobenthos of the highest on each of the stations is Polycentropus (66,67 ind/L) and Potadoma (266,67 ind/L). The abundance of macrozoobenthos of the highest found is Melanatria by 622,2 ind/L. Based on the value of the Index of Diversity (H) (0,367 – 0,602) the index of dominance (C) (0,132 – 0,386) and the evenness (E) (0,367 – 0,602) River Aek Buru in the category good condition with high species diversity. Physical and chemical factors of the water body capable of supporting life macrozoobenthos.

Biodiversity and community assemblages of freshwater and marine macrozoobenthos in Gorontalo Waters, Indonesia

Abstract. Kadim MK, Pasisingi N, Alinti ER, Alinti ER, Panigoro C. 2022. Biodiversity and community assemblages of freshwater and marine macrozoobenthos in Gorontalo Waters, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 637-647. Macrozoobenthos plays an essential role in the aquatic ecosystem including as primary consumers, food sources, and water quality bioindicators. This study aimed to determine the composition, taxa abundance, community structure of the macrozoobenthos in the lower reach, estuary, and marine areas along Gorontalo waters, also their association with water quality parameters. Biota samples were collected purposively from 33 sampling points. The sampling process was conducted in June 2020 and May 2021. Macrozoobenthos samples were taken using Ekman Grab and prepared with filters (mesh size of 500 µm). Statistically, a t-test was done to assess the significance of taxa abundance difference among three different ecosystems from both sampling periods. Similarity percentages were displayed through a dendrogram. Furthermore, the biota assemblages and water quality parameters association were interpreted through Eigenvalues of Principal Component Analysis using Minitab ver. 14.0. The results showed that the macrozoobenthic community structure composed 70 taxa belonging to six classes dominated by Gastropoda, followed by Bivalvia, Malacostraca, Clitellata, Polychaeta, and Polyplacophora. The marine area had the highest abundance of macrozoobenthos (469.5 ind. m-3 in 2020; 460.9 ind. m-3 in 2021), followed by the river station (335.3 ind. m-3 in 2020; 2621 ind. m-3 in 2021), and estuary zone (217.3 ind in 2020. m-3; 848.5 ind. m-3 in 2021). The most abundant species in the lower reach area was Melanoides sp. (135.5 ind. m-3 in 2020; and 1222.5 ind. m-3 in 2021), while in the estuary was Brachidontes sp. (70.7 ind. m-3 in 2020; and 248 ind. m-3 in 2021). Batillaria sp. (128.3 ind. m-3 in 2020) and Anachis sp. (1510.7 ind. m-3 in 2021) were the species with the highest number in the marine zone. Based on the diversity and evenness index, the sea was in the medium category with no dominant species in the marine area. Biota communities in the lower reach station tend to be more like estuary biota than marine biota.

Correspondence of hydrobiological and microbiological parameters in the water quality assessment of the middle course of the Misoča River

The water quality of the Misoča River was analyzed on two sites of the middle course, in a populated and in an unpopulated area. The research included sampling of macrozoobenthos and water for microbiological analysis, identification of macrozoobenthos taxa, application of hydrobiological indices for water quality assessment and microbiological analysis of water quality. The goal was to determine the compatibility and complementarities of different aspects of water quality analysis, and to demonstrate the expediency of a multi-aspect and multi-disciplinary approach for this type of research. Through this, an assessment of the water quality of a selected part of the Misoča River, which is very important for the water supply of the surrounding area, was carried out. According to the results of the macrozoobenthos analysis and the applied diversity and water quality indices, the Misoča River belongs to the β-mesosaprobic category, which indicates moderate pollution. The results of the analysis of microbiological parameters also indicate moderate pollution.

Vegetation and macrozoobenthos diversity in the Percut Sei Tuan mangrove forest, North Sumatra, Indonesia

Hasibuan IM, Amelia R, Bimantara Y, Susetya IE, Susilowati A, Basyuni M. 2021. Vegetation and macrozoobenthos diversity in the Percut Sei Tuan mangrove forest, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 5600-5608. The mangrove forest offers a habitat for a variety of marine species, including macrozoobenthos. Macrozoobenthos live at the bottom of the waters on hard to muddy substrates, where they break down mangrove debris, ensuring microorganisms' ease in decomposing organic matter into inorganic materials that provide nutrients to producers in the water. The study aimed to determine the vegetation and macrozoobenthos diversity in the Percut Sei Tuan mangrove forest, North Sumatra, Indonesia. This research was executed with vegetation analysis, employing a sampling method in the form of plots, as many as three transects and 66 plots. The sampling of macrozoobenthos was conducted on the substrate surface, roots, and mangrove trunk for three stations and nine plots with a size of 1 m x 1 m. We found 10 true mangrove species where Avicennia marina was the most abundant, found at each seedling, sapling, and tree-stage with an important value index (IVI) of 64.62%, 75.73%, and 92.12%, respectively. Overall, the number of individuals in the species found was 1666.67/Ha at the seedling stage, 1090.91/Ha at the sapling stage, and 842.42/Ha at the tree stage. Seven macrozoobenthos species were found and classified into four classes of Gastropoda, Polychaeta, Mollusca, and Arthropoda, with population abundance values being 9.33 ind/m2 at a station I, 7.44 ind/m2 at station II, and 8.78 ind/m2 at station III. The diversity index (H') of the observed location was determined to be 1.63-2.06, which was classified into the medium category, while H' macrozoobenthos ranging from 1.54-1.81 were classified into the low to moderate category. The observed parameters' physical and chemical factors presented that the condition of the waters in the research area is still considered suitable for supporting macrozoobenthos life, with dissolved oxygen being strongly correlated to macrozoobenthos diversity.

Analysis Macrozoobenthos Diversity in Way Kalam Waterfall Tourism Lampung Selatan Regency

This study aims to determine the diversity index of macrozoobenthos and determine the physico-chemical parameters that exist in Way Kalam Waterfall Tourism, South Lampung. This type of research is descriptive quantitative, sampling was carried out at three research stations including macrozoobenthos samples and measurements of physical and chemical parameters of the waters (temperature, brightness, pH, DO, COD, and BOD) using purposive random sampling technique. Sampling macrozoobenthos on the bottom of the water using a shovel. The results showed that the obtained macrozoobenthos consisted of 3 phyla, 4 classes, 6 orders, 9 families, and 63 individuals. The macrozoobenthos diversity index value obtained was in the moderate category. The diversity index value is in the stable community category, and the dominance index is in the low category. The results of the measurement of physical parameters and chemical parameters showed that the waters of the Way Kalam Waterfall tour were not polluted.

Bioassessment of Batang Kandis River Water Quality Using Macrozoobenthos in Koto Tangah district, Padang City

This study was conducted from July to December 2019 which was aimed to determine the composition of macrozoobenthic community and to assess the water quality of the Batang Kandis river based on the BMWP ASPT index. A survey method was used in this study. The study site was determined by purposive sampling based on environmental condition which was divided into four stations. Macrozoobenthos samples were taken using a surber net (30 x 30 cm2). The physical and chemical factors of water condition were measured during sampling time. The results showed that 23 genera of macrozoobenthic communities were found in the Batang Kandis river which were consisted of two classes i.e., Hirudinea (1 order, 1 family, 1 genus) and Insect (7 orders, 14 families, 22 genera). These macrozoobenthic communities had an average density ranges from 220.00 - 706.67 ind. m-2 with the highest density was found at Station II and the lowest one at Station IV. Variation in the predominant genus was found at every station: Orthocladius and Elophila (station I); Polypedilum, Orthocladius, Elophila, and Hydropsyche (station II); Polypedylum, Macropelopia, and Caenis (station III); and Polypedylum, Orthocladius, and Caenis (station IV). The water quality of Batang Kandis river was classified into not polluted (station I, II and III) to slightly polluted (station IV) based on the BMWP-ASPT indexes.

Checklist, Indeks Ekologi, dan Status Konservasi Komunitas Fauna Akuatik di Kawasan Sungai Unda dan Sekitar Pantai Jumpai, Kabupaten Klungkung, Provinsi Bali

Aquatic organisms or nekton have an important role in supporting the stability of the aquatic environment and human life. This study aims to determine the nekton type community, ecological index, and their conservation status in the Unda River area and around Jumpai Beach, Klungkung Regency, Bali. The study was conducted in July - August 2020. The study was conducted in 2 communities, namely Macrozoobenthos and Nekton. Macrozoobenthos samples were collected using the quadratic method in the Jumpai Beach area and the direct observation method along the Unda River. Nekton communities are collected through primary data using "survey methods" and secondary data through interviews with fishermen and local communities. The ecological index data were analyzed using the Shannon-Weiner diversity index (H'), dominance index (C), and uniformity index (E), while the data on Nekton type and conservation status were analyzed descriptively. The nekton species community in the waters of the Unda River and Jumpai Beach areas was obtained as many as 26 species in 21 families which were dominated by Kepala Timah (Aplocheilus panchax) and sepat rawa (Trichogaster trichopterus), while Nautica sp for the Macrozoobenthos community. The ecological index of the aquatic community is the Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index (H') value of 2.98 (moderate), the wealth index (R) of 3.95 (moderate), and the evenness index (E) of 1.21. (High). The highest percentage ratio of nekton communities was obtained by the Macrozoobenthos community, namely 53%, while the nekton species was 46%. Conservation status shows that 13 species are included in the LC (Least Concern) category, 12 species are included in the NE (Not Evaluated) category, and 1 species are included in the VU (Vulnerable) category.

Makrozoobhentos di Pesisir Pantai Kalaki Kec. Palibelo Kab. Bima Nusa Tenggara Barat

Sampling of macrozoobenthos was carried out in the coastal areas of Kalaki, Pallibelo sub-district, Bima, consisting of Station I (the coastal area near the salt ponds) and Station II (the coastal area far from the salt ponds). Determination of the station is done by purposive sampling method. This type of research is a quantitative exploratory survey. The type of data taken is 1) macrozoobhentos data, 2) habitat data (abiotic factors). Data analysis uses the shannon-wiener index (H '), the Population Density Index (KP), and the Krebs Uniformity Index (E). The results showed temperature (30-33 oC: 25-28 oC), Ph (6-6.5: 6-6.7), salinity (20-25%: 27-33%). Macrozoobenthos found consisted of actinopteri, malacostraca, bivalvia, and atinopterygii classes. The number of macrozoobenthos identified was 153 species consisting of a family of 84 species, 56 species of penaeidae, 4 types of chanidae, 3 types of Arcidae, Mytilidae, Veneridae, Anguillidae of 2 species each. Diversity index H '= 1.132: 0.952, Uniformity Index Value (E) = (0.582: 0.489), Population Density Value (KP) Scylla sp. 5,143-6,857 and 0.143 for the Pena viridis, Metrix metrix, Anguilla bicolor. 3. As a result of exploitation in the form of salt ponds, the abundance of macrozoobenthos in the coastal area of Kalaki, Palibelo Subdistrict, Bima Regency, has decreased significantly with marked sedimentation and turbidity levels. This allows damage to the coast ecosystem

BIOASSESMENT OF BATANG AIR DINGIN WATER QUALITY BY USING MACROZOOBENTHOS IN KOTO TANGAH DISTRICT, PADANG CITY

This study aims to determine the composition and structure of the macrozoobenthos community in Batang Air Dingin and water quality based on BMWP ASPT. This study used a survey method in determining the station by purposive sampling, based on typhical environmental condition along the river. Macrozoobenthos samples was collected by using surber net 30x30 cm2. The result showed the community in the form of Gastropods 6 genera, Insecta 26 genera, Oligochaeta 1 genus, and Hirudinea 1 genus. Total density of macrozoobenthos in the Batang Air Dingin river was 1182,22ind/m2 ranging from 180,00 ind/m2 to 402,22 ind/m2 with the highest density was found in the first station and the lowest at station four. The predominant type found at each station is different, station I is Elophyla, Neopherla, Hydropsyche; station II Eukifferiella, Polypedilum, Elophyla, Hydropsyche; station III Clithon, Eukifferiella, Polypedilum, Orthocladius; station IV Clithonand Thiara. The diversity of macrozoobenthos in Batang Air Dingin river range between 1,95-2,51 is classified as moderate with even distribution (E=0,84) range between 0,81-0,89. Batang Air Dingin water quality using BMWP ASPT from upstream to downstream range between 6,12 – 3,5. Classified unpolluted to heavily polluted.

Macrozoobenthos Diversities in Ciwulan River, Tasikmalaya Regency, West Java

Ciwulan River is one of the longest rivers in Tasikmalaya Regency with a diversity of macrozoobenthos as one of the biota contained therein. The purpose of this study was to describe the diversity of macrozoobenthos in The Ciwulan River, Tasikmalaya Regency. This research is important because macrozoobenthos is a component in determining river bioindicators. The method used in this study is exploratory with a purposive sampling technique. Sampling of macrozoobenthos is done using a surber net and measurement of environmental indicators is done in situ at the observation station. Samples of macrozoobenthos were taken from three different stations including upstream Station I (Salawu), middle part II (Sukaraja), and downstream Station III (Cikalong). Data collection was carried out in November 2019-April 2020 in the Ciwulan River, Tasikmalaya Regency. Analysis of the observed data was then calculated relative abundance, cumulative abundance, diversity index, uniformity index, and dominance index. The results showed that the macrozoobenthos were found to have 24 species with 476 individuals/m 2 belonging to the gastropod class as many as 21 species with 433 individual/m 2 , bivalve class two species with 37 individuals/m 2 and crustacean class one species with six individuals/m 2 . Macrozoobenthos that are commonly found are Tarebia granifera Lamarck, 1822 totaling 222 individuals/m 2 . The highest relative abundance was found in Station I with the Tarebia granifera Lamarck species, 1822 which was 0.65%. and the lowest relative abundance was found in Station II with the species Lymnaea (Radix) rubiginosa Michelin, 1831 and Gyraulus convexiusculus Hutton, 1849 by 0.006%. Cumulative abundance values range from 54-350 individuals/m 2 . Diversity index values range from 1.02-1.67 with the category of moderate diversity. Uniformity index values ranged from 0.58 to 0.73 with a high category. The dominance index value ranges from 0.33 to 0.47 with the low category. Overall based on environmental parameters and ecological index measurements, the Ciwulan River is classified as not yet polluted and the conditions are suitable for macrozoobenthos life and have a moderate diversity of categories with relatively stable environmental conditions