PT Samples Research Articles

A comprehensive strategy integrating chemical profiling with deep learning for screening the antithrombin bioactive-chemical quality markers of functional food: Pueraria radix as an example

Pueraria lobata radix (PL) and Puerariae tbatae radix (PT) are nutritious medicinal food homology plants that are widely used in the food and health products industry. Both of them are used as Pueraria radix (PR) for medicine. In this study, the function-related active markers were discovered by chemical profiling coupled with deep learning for assessment of PR. Firstly, IR spectral fingerprints were established. And the IR spectra of PL and PT were different in fingerprint region. HCA, PCA and PLS-DA can distinguish the samples of PL and PT. Furtherly, UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was further applied to identify the main components of PL and PT, and 30 chemical components in PL and 15 in PT were identified. In vitro antithrombin assay was performed to indicate the different batches of PL and PT extracts and they could be distinguished according to the strength of activity. The potential active markers related to antithrombin activity were screened by PCA and PLS-DA. Finally, 3′-hydroxy puerarin, puerarin, 3′-methoxy puerarin, daidzin, and daidzein were screened-out as functional markers applying molecular docking combined with BP-ANN, CP-ANN, SIMCA, and SVMDA. The thrombin-based discovery strategy of bioactive-chemical marker combination was a powerful tool for screening the quality markers for evaluation of PR.

Effect of pre-induced precipitations on microstructure evolution and the mechanical properties of pre-twinned ZK61 Mg alloys at elevated temperatures

To examine the effects of pre-induced precipitations on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of pre-twinned ZK61 Mg alloy at elevated temperatures, the commercially rolled ZK61 Mg alloy sheets (AR samples) were pre-twinned and {10−12} tensile twins were added (PT samples). Some samples were aged, precipitated phases were introduced (PTA samples), and subsequently uniaxial tensile strain was applied. The results reveal that at elevated temperatures, the interactions of detwinning, dynamic recrystallization (DRX), and precipitation have a distinctive impact on the microstructure evolution. At room temperature (RT) and 100 ℃, strain is dominated by detwinning, while the precipitation phase impedes the detwinning behaviors. DRX influences the evolution of the microstructure at 150 ℃, 200 ℃, and 250 ℃. The presence of precipitated phases promotes recrystallization nucleation. Continuous DRX (CDRX), detwinning, and precipitated phase deformation are coordinated at 150 ℃. DRX in aged samples has a limited effect, while detwinning plays a dominant role. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) value increment of PTA sample relative to PT sample reaches 31.8 MPa. The deformation is generated by the discontinuous DRX (DDRX) at 250 ℃, and the precipitation and DDRX have a higher impediment on detwinning, resulting in more twins restraining in the PTA sample. The UTS value of PTA sample only increases by 7.7 MPa compared with PT sample.

Abstract PO4-14-02: Enhancing Informative Outcomes with Liquid Biopsy in a Real-World Population of Patients with Advanced Breast Cancer: Analysis of the SOLTI-1903 HOPE Study

Abstract Background: The integration of next-generation sequencing (NGS) into routine clinical practice is often hindered by financial and logistical challenges, resulting in diagnostic and therapeutic disparities among patients. Addressing these issues, the SOLTI-1903 HOPE study (NCT04497285) seeks to evaluate the feasibility of implementing a molecular screening program that actively involves patients with advanced breast cancer (ABC) in the management of their disease. By empowering patients, this study aims to gain a comprehensive understanding of the genomic landscape of ABC and to facilitate patient access to matched targeted therapies in Spain Methods: In the SOLTI-1903 HOPE study, a patient-centric approach was adopted, allowing patients living anywhere in Spain, and diagnosed with ABC, to actively lead their inclusion, participation, and follow-up using a digital tool (DT). Patients signed an informant consent, and then provided clinical information and underwent a liquid biopsy (LBx) using the Guardant360 panel at a local laboratory. LBx samples could be obtained at the moment of progressive disease (PD), when a new line of treatment was started < 8 weeks before extraction (PT), or during treatment with stable disease o partial response lasting more than 8 weeks (SD/PR). Clinical and molecular findings were evaluated by a Molecular Advisory Board (MAB), which generated a comprehensive report explaining the observed alterations and listing potentially beneficial matched targeted treatments. The primary endpoint of this subanalysis was to compare the genomic outcomes between LBx samples obtained at SD and those obtained at PD or PT. In the study, tissue samples were also collected and analysed by Foundation but this analysis will be reported in other communications. Results: From October 2020 to May 2023, a total of 273 blood samples were obtained from 253 patients diagnosed with ABC, with the majority being HR+/HER2- (81%), followed by HER2-positive (13%) and triple-negative (6%). Mean turnaround time was 10.9 days from blood collection to final result. Despite nearly 40% of patients being SD or PR, in 79.9% of the LBx (n=218), one or more genomic alterations were detected, and among these, 74.0% (n=202) were classified as pathogenic. Among the 74 genes analyzed by the Guardant360 panel, 8 genes were classified as tiers I-III according to the ESCAT levels of clinical relevance. In 150 LBx samples (54.9%), one or more pathogenic alterations were associated with ESCAT levels I-III, while only the remaining 52 LBx samples (19.1%) with pathogenic alterations were not associated with any ESCAT levels I-III. Among the analyzed LBx samples, a total of 928 distinct gene alterations were identified. Of these, 650 alterations (70.1%) were classified as pathogenic, while 278 (29.9%) were categorized as variants of unknown significance or lacked a reported impact. Notably, 25% (n=323) of the pathogenic gene alterations were further classified as ESCAT I-III. Out of the 273 LBx samples, 140 were obtained at PD, 30 at PT, and 103 at SD/PR. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) was detected in 91.4% of PD samples, 86.7% of PT samples, and 62.1% of SD/PR samples (p< 0.001). Alterations classified as ESCAT levels I-III were observed in 70% of PD samples, 60% of PT samples, and 33% of SD/PR samples (p< 0.001). In 20 patients, LBx was repeated, with 16 of them having the first LBx obtained during SD/PR and the second LBx collected during PD or PT. The detection rate of ctDNA increased significantly from 18.7% (n=3) to 87.5% (n=14) (p< 0.001). The number of LBx samples with ESCAT levels I-III alterations also showed a significant increase from 12.5% (n=2) to 68.7% (n=11) (p=0.0032). Conclusions: Our findings highlight the importance of obtaining LBx samples during disease progression -compared to SD/PR- to gain greater genomic informativeness and better guide personalized treatment approaches for patients with advanced breast cancer. Citation Format: Tomás Pascual, Elia Seguí, Ruben Olivera-Salguero, Juan Miguel Cejalvo, Mafalda Oliveira, Pablo Tolosa, Maria Vidal, Marcos Malumbres, Joaquín Gavilá, Cristina Saura, Sonia Pernas, Rafael López, Mireia Margelí, Judith Balmaña, Montserrat Muñoz, Isabel Blancas, Valentina Boni, Eva Ciruelos, Elena Galve, Antonia Perelló, Rodrigo Sánchez-Bayona, Susana De La Cruz, Miguel De La Hoya, Aura Blanch-Torras, Rosana Sposito, Jordi Canes, Helena Masanas, Rosa Olmos, Margarita Forns, Maria José Prieto, Ana Casas, Aleix Prat. Enhancing Informative Outcomes with Liquid Biopsy in a Real-World Population of Patients with Advanced Breast Cancer: Analysis of the SOLTI-1903 HOPE Study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO4-14-02.

The Influence of Organizational Commitment and Burnout to Employee Performance through Extra-Role Behavior as Intervening Variable in PT. Bank SulutGo Cabang Manado

The purpose of this study is to analyze the structural relationship between organizational commitment, burnout, performance and extra-role behavior of employees. Design/methodology/approach – The research question is examined using a sample of PT. Bank SulutGo kantor cabang Manado employees. Path Analysis is used to test various research hypotheses and examine the extent of extra role behavior mediate the effect of organizational commitment and burnout on employee performance. Findings – First, there is a non-significant relationship between organizational commitment and burnout to extra role behavior. Second, there is a positive and significant relationship between organizational commitment and employee performance, while burnout has negative and non- significant relationship. Third, extra-role has positive and significant relationship to employee performance. Practical Implications – Based on this empirical finding should be concerned commitment to be used as a benchmark to improve employee performance. Besides that, it should be noted that for the banking sector extra-role behavior can be categorized as a work culture. Research Limitations – There is a need to extend the results and compare with other banking industries. Originality – This research explain that extra-role behavior contributes as a medium to the evaluation of organizational commitment and employee performance.

Abstract 2759: Transcriptional intra-tumoral heterogeneity of putative therapeutic targets in colorectal cancer peritoneal metastases

Abstract Background: The poor prognosis of peritoneal metastasis (PM) in colorectal cancer (CRC) is typically attributed to, and characterized by, resistance to systemic chemotherapy and immunotherapy. The evolutionarily conserved plasma-peritoneal barrier as well as reduced tumor tissue vascularity contributes to poorer responses to systemically administered antineoplastic therapy. Beyond these, we sought to understand transcriptomic variations of important therapeutic targets implicated in peritoneal organotropism and by extension, resistance to systemic regimens in CRC PM. Methodology: FFPE tissue samples from CRC patients were collected during oncological surgical resection of the synchronous PM (cytoreductive surgery [CRS] with or without hyperthermic intra-peritoneal chemotherapy [HIPEC]), or exploratory laparotomy for palliative surgery, with the majority of patients receiving systemic therapy prior to surgery. Samples were sequenced with whole transcriptomic sequencing. Paired and unpaired T-tests between PT and PM samples were undertaken with log2(fragments per kilobase of exon per million mapped [FPKM]) gene expression values. Results: Fifty-six (22 primary tumor [PT], 34 peritoneal metastases [PM]) samples from 35 patients, comprising 21 paired PT-PM samples, were included in this analysis. TEAD1 (unpaired T-test, p=0.087; paired T-test, p=0.041), FGFR1 (unpaired T-test, p=0.003; paired T-test, p<0.001), PIK3CA (unpaired T-test, p=0.034; paired T-test, p=0.003), SMAD4 (unpaired T-test, p=0.095; paired T-test, p=0.010), and HAVCR2 (unpaired T-test, p=0.009; paired T-test, p=0.007) were found to be upregulated in the PM. Conversely, MET was found to be downregulated in PM samples (unpaired T-test, p=0.004; paired T-test, p=0.002). There were no significant differences in gene expression profiles of BRAF, RHOA, CD274, CTLA4, PDCD1 and TIGIT between PT-PM (all p>0.05). Conclusion: Through CRC PT-PM comparisons, we identify potential therapeutic targets implicated in transcoelomic metastasis and provide rationale for development of immunotherapeutic biology and drug discovery for CRC PM. These findings underscore an exigent need to develop intra-peritoneal therapeutic strategies to overcome resistance to systemic regimens. Citation Format: Joseph J. Zhao, Johnny CA Ong, Daryl Kai Ann Chia, Melissa Ching Ching Teo, Qiu Xuan Tan, Gillian Ng, Joey Wee-Shan Tan, Haoran Ma, Xuewen Ong, Su Ting Tay, Patrick Tan, Raghav Sundar. Transcriptional intra-tumoral heterogeneity of putative therapeutic targets in colorectal cancer peritoneal metastases [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 2759.

Abstract 3793: Mutational and gene expression profiles of the primary tumor and matched brain metastasis of epithelial ovarian cancer reveal differences in LAMC3 and MYC target genes

Abstract Introduction: Brain metastases (BM) from Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) are a rare and late-stage disease manifestation, very poorly biologically characterized. We performed a multi-omics characterisation of primary EOC samples (PT) and the matched BM, to assess differences in mutational and gene expression profiles. Material and Methods: We retrospectively collected data from EOC patients treated at Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCCS who underwent surgical removal of BM between 2011 and 2022. We collected the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue of the PT and the matched BM. An evaluation of single nucleotide variants (SNVs), insertions/deletions (indels) and copy number variations (CNVs) in 523 genes as well as known and unknown fusions and splicing variants in 55 genes was performed (Illumina TruSight Oncology 500 high throughput). Moreover, a bulk RNAseq analysis was conducted utilizing the NEGEDIA Digital mRNA-seq clinical-grade sequencing service. We acknowledged as differentially expressed genes if they exhibited a −1≤log2 (Fold Change)≥1 and pAdj≤0.05. To ensure specificity in identifying differential gene expressions pertinent to our tumoral tissues, genes associated with brain-related functionalities were systematically excluded from downstream analyses and identified through meticulous screening via the Human Protein Atlas. Clonal evolution was evaluated with two distinct algorithms: Pyclone VI and Sciclone. Results: Matched PT/BM FFPE samples were collected from 10 different patients. We identified 21 SNVs: most of them were shared between the PT and the matched BM and TP53, CCND1, IRS2, and FGFR4 mutations emerged as the most frequently detected (shared in 70%, 50%, 50%, and 40% of the cases, respectively). Among 56 CNV detected, most of them were exclusive of the BM samples. Specifically, MYC family genes (MYC, MYCL, MYCN) were the most frequently amplified. At the clonal analysis, each patient showed at least two clusters. The majority of clusters turned out to be consistent among PT and BM demonstrating monoclonal evolution. Gene set variation analysis discovered 50 different gene sets between the PT and the BM (p < 0.05). Among them, the E2F targets, G2M checkpoint, MYC targets V1 and MYC targets v2 hallmarks showed higher expression in the BM. We identified 110 significant differentially expressed genes between PT and BM samples, including 27 upregulated and 83 downregulated genes. The gene LAMC3 emerged as notably upregulated in metastatic contexts. Conclusion: This is the largest cohort present in the Literature of EOC PT and matched BM characterized with a multi-omics analysis. The intersection of LAMC3 and MYC target genes within the MET signalling network, a pathway recognized for bolstering cell motility, introduces a compelling avenue for future research. Citation Format: Rita Trozzi, Camilla Nero, Marianna Buttarelli, Marcello Salvi, Luciano Giacò, Angelo Minucci, Claudia Marchetti, Carolina Sassu, Federica Persiani, Lorenzo De Marco, Simona Duranti, Camarda Floriana, Valentina Iacobelli, Ilenia Marino, Luca Mastrantoni, Flavia Giacomini, Alessia Piermattei, Mariagrazia Valentini, Tina Pasciuto, De Bonis Maria, Giuseppina Raspaglio, Diana Giannarelli, Anna Fagotti, Davide Cacchiarelli, Giovanni Scambia. Mutational and gene expression profiles of the primary tumor and matched brain metastasis of epithelial ovarian cancer reveal differences in LAMC3 and MYC target genes [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 3793.

Thermokinetics and synergistic effect analysis of peat-lignite coal co-pyrolysis

ABSTRACT In this study, the synergistic effect between peat and lignite coal was investigated in terms of kinetic energy and mass loss trends using a thermogravimetric analyzer. Thermogravimetric non-isothermal studies were conducted at different heating rates under inert nitrogen atmosphere. Kinetic analysis was performed using model-free KAS, OFW, and Starink methods and the average activation energies varied between 88.62 kJ/mol and 204.28 kJ/mol. Differential mass loss trends were determined using experimental and theoretical data. An obvious deviation was obtained at a blend ratio of PT:CL40:60. Thus, results revealed that the PT and CL co-pyrolysis has synergistic effects, especially for sample PT:CL40:60. SEM and BET analyses were performed on the coke sample of peat, coal, and PT:CL40:60 blend ratio samples for further analysis. The surface area of peat and coal was determined to be 416 m2/g and 83.06 m2/g, respectively. It was concluded that the porosity and surface area of coal (187.02 m2/g) increased with the addition of peat. The results are expected to be useful in the design of peat biomass and coal co-pyrolysis systems.

SWOT analysis of fire insurance product marketing strategy at PT Chubb Life Insurance Indonesia Medan Branch: An Islamic perspective

IntroductionIndonesian people are familiar with and use many sharia insurance products. However, research specifically discussing fire insurance products is still limited.ObjectivesThis study carries out a SWOT analysis of fire insurance products from the marketing strategy aspect and Islamic perspective.MethodThis study used a quantitative approach with a sample of PT. Chubb Life Insurance (Persero) Medan Branch, Indonesia. Data collection was carried out using interviews and questionnaires. This study uses SWOT Analysis to evaluate internal and external factors that influence a company to identify strengths and weaknesses.ResultsThe research results show that the strengths of PT. Chubb Life Insurance were in its principles that are not usury, its brand is strong and its policies and claims services are well served. The opportunity can be found around office buildings that requires fire insurance. The weaknesses faced are low market share and human resources. The threat is the large number of competing companies that have similar products and the public's lack of understanding about insurance.ImplicationsThis study shows a strong internal position and indicates that the company responded well to existing opportunities and avoided threats in the market.Originality/NoveltyThis study contributes to the study of fire insurance as part of Islamic insurance in Indonesia.

Effect of induced screw twisted strain on the twin orientation regulation and the ductility of pre-twined ZM21 Mg alloys

A novel twist strain-induced twin orientation regulation (TITOR) has been developed to modify the basal texture of Mg alloys. Firstly, the {10–12} tensile twins are pre-set by pre-compression on the ZM21 Mg alloy along the extrusion direction (ED), and then the TITOR process is adjusted to regulate the twins’ orientation. The results show that the orientation of some twins deviated by 30° from the ED direction to the transverse direction (TD) direction after introducing twist strain. The introduction of multiple passes of twist strain will result in almost all grains transforming into dynamic recrystallization (DRX) grains. And the generation of DRX behavior will be updating the microstructure. The mechanism in the TITOR process is continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX), which does not alter the orientation of the grains. When the PT samples undergo multiple passes TITOR treatments, the orientation of the DRX grains shifts towards the twisted plane (grain c-axis deviates by ∼ 30° from ED to TD direction). The formation of twist texture results in a larger value of SF, which is beneficial for the basal slip. Compared with the extruded Mg alloys, the TITOR-8P sample fracture elongation (FE) has been increased from 14.3 % to 30.6 % due to the promotion of basal slip activities and grain refinement. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) has been increased from 243.5 MPa to 375.5 MPa. The newly proposed TITOR scheme is of great significance for promoting the application of Mg alloys.

Potensi Cemaran Kandungan Minyak Lemak (Oil and Grease) Limbah Cair PT. Perikanan Sejahtera dan PT. Tuban Kretek Maju Di Kabupaten Tuban, Jawa Timur

Wastewater from the result of industrial activities such as PT. Perikanan Sejahtera dan PT. Tuban Kretek Maju, with the characteristics of the numbr pf supporting and main parameters that still meet the waste water quality standards. Waste water is processed and treated fisrt before being discharged directly into receiving water bodies so that ut does not have an adverse impact on the aquatic environment. Sampling test samples of wastewater were taken directly from the IPAL outlets of each PT. This study aims to determine the potential for water pollution drom oil and grease content at two PT. different. The research method is observation and active participation method. Determination of potential quality of domestic wastewater in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Enviromental of the Republic of Indonesia No. 5 of 2014. The pH value is determined based on (SNI 6989.11:2019), the temperature value is determined based on (06-6989.23:2005) and the fatty oil value is determined by the gravimetry method according to (SNI 6989.10:2011). The results the research on the pH value of the samples of PT. Perikanan Sejahtera dan PT. Tuban Kretek Maju is 7,80 and 7,67, the temperature value is 31,0 and 32,6. Meanwhile, the values for oil and fat content were 1.850 mg/L and 1.800 mg/LOil and fat figures are not too significant, showing too much difference in the test samples. Waste water from each PT. does not have a large potential to cause pollution of the water environment in the parameters of oil and grease.

Single-Cell Long-Read Sequencing Enables the Dissection of BTK Subclonal Dynamics in CLL Treatment

Introduction: BTK inhibition is an effective frontline therapy for patients with CLL. However, patients who develop BTK C481S mutations relapse quickly. We recently published a longitudinal study investigating subclonal evolution in 38 patients receiving BTKi treatment for CLL. Of the 38 patients, 6 developed a subclone containing a BTK C481S mutation identified in the whole-exome sequencing (WES) data at the time of relapse. To understand whether a BTK C481S mutation alone can drive relapse or if an additional CLL-relevant mutation is required, we investigate these subclones on a single-cell level using PacBio Multiplexed Arrays Sequencing (MAS-seq). MAS-seq generates single-cell, long-read RNA sequencing data, which is highly accurate and provides coverage across the entire mRNA transcript. Methods: For each patient, B cells were isolated from a pre-BTKi treatment sample and a sample taken at the time of relapse. Single-cell cDNA library preps were generated using the 10X Genomics Chromium platform. The cDNA was then sequenced using MAS-Seq. After processing the MAS-seq data using PacBio's Isoseq pipeline, Seurat was used to perform a single-cell analysis for each sample. We used scBayes, a Bayesian-statistical approach developed in our lab (Qiao et al., Genome Research, in review), to assign subclone identity to individual cells based on the expression of previously identified somatic mutations. The transcript-wide coverage of MAS-seq increases the likelihood of coverage at the somatic mutation sites compared to traditional single-cell RNA sequencing methods. Results: We have sequenced and analyzed samples from 4 patients in this study (pt 1-4). In the pretreatment sample of pt 1, two subclones containing different TP53 mutations were present. At the time of relapse, a BTK C481S subclone evolved from one of these TP53 subclones, becoming the dominant clonal population. No other CLL-relevant mutations were detected in this patient. Pts 2-4 had an additional CLL-relevant mutation evolve with the BTK C481S mutation in the dominant subclone at the time of relapse. In pt 2, a subclone with an NFKBIE and the BTK mutation evolved from a cell population where BRAF, BCOR, and EGFR2 mutations were present. The BTK C481S subclone in Pt 3 also had new KMT2D and CREBBP mutations. This subclone evolved from a cell population with an ASXL1 and SF3B1 mutation. In pts 1-3, the BTK subclone was only seen at the time of relapse. Pt 4 did not have any CLL-relevant mutations identified before treatment. In a sample taken 6 months before relapse, a BTK C481S subclone is visible at a low frequency with no other CLL-relevant mutations. At the time of relapse, a DICER1 variant, a gene recently implicated in CLL (Knisbacher et al., Nature Genetics, 2022), evolved from the BTK subclone and is seen at the time of relapse as the dominant subclone. Furthermore, the full-transcript sequencing at the single-cell level enabled us to identify a second BTK C481S subclone present at the time of relapse and determine that it was independent of the subclone containing both the BTK C481S and DICER1 mutations. This second BTK subclone had no other CLL-relevant mutations and remained at a very low frequency. Conclusion: Single-cell long-read RNA sequencing via MAS-seq provides transcript-wide coverage, which enables genotyping at somatic mutation sites. Using this method, we found that the dominant relapse clones all contained a BTK C481S mutation, which either co-evolved with additional CLL-relevant mutations (3/4 patients) or occurred on the background of existing TP53 mutations (1/4 patients).

Impact of annealing process on the properties of 0.85Pb(Sc0.5Ta0.5)O3-0.15PbTiO3 ceramics

We have synthesized a ceramic sample 0.85Pb(Sc0.5Ta0.5)O3-0.15PbTiO3 [0.85PST-0.15PT] of perovskite structure by using a conventional solid-state reaction method. Systematic impact of annealing time (AT) is studied methodically for comprehending the ferroelectric and dielectric properties, as well as electrocaloric effect and energy harvesting performance. After 40 h of AT and using the electric field of 40 kV/cm on 0.85PST-0.15PT, we have achieved maximum ferroelectric polarization (P = 46.9 μC/cm2), energy capture performance (W = 0.542 J/cm3), and large positive electrocaloric effect (ΔT ∼ 1.63 K and ΔS ∼ 1.23 J/(K.kg)). Additionally, we also achieved high dielectric constant (ε = 23,350) and low dielectric loss (tanδ = 0.039) at the frequency of 1 Hz. As compared to an unannealed situation, the results on ceramic sample with 40 h of AT have revealed increase in P, ε, ΔT, ΔS, and W by 36%, 27%, 37%, 12% and 14%, respectively. Optimal values of AT differed radically for achieving the highest performance in each category. The best performance of energy storage (Wenergy ∼ 0.638 J/cm3) and energy loss (Wloss ∼ 0.498 J/cm3) densities are achieved with the AT of 30 h. The performance of 0.85PST-0.15PT sample increased gradually with the increase of AT until it attained the highest value and then decreased by further increasing AT – exhibiting a peak distribution. Our investigations have provided valuable insights of optimizing the performance of 0.85PST-0.15PT ceramic system through annealing.

Analisa Laporan Keuangan Gudang Garam dan HM Sampoerna pada Masa Peralihan Covid-19

This research was conducted to analyze how impacted the Indonesian cigarette industry was on the Covid-19 Pandemic phenomenon by analyzing the liquidity ratio (current ratio and quick ratio), activity ratio (receivables turnover ratio, inventory turnover ratio, fixed asset turnover ratio and total asset turnover ratio), and debt ratio by taking a sample of PT. Gudang Garam, Tbk and a comparison will be made with PT. HM Sampoerna, Tbk uses financial reports for the 2020-2021 financial year. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method by collecting, processing, analyzing and presenting data descriptively with a sample of the financial statements of PT. Gudang Garam, Tbk and PT. HM. Sampoerna, Tbk for the 2020-2021 financial year. The research results obtained from comparing the financial performance of PT. Gudang Garam, Tbk with PT. HM. Sampoerna, namely the two companies are both liquid companies, able to pay off their short-term debt obligations, while for the activity ratio, PT. HM. Sampoerna has a pretty good score compared to PT. Gudang Garam, while for the debt ratio of PT. Gudang Garam, Tbk has a better ability to guarantee its debts than PT. HM. Sampoerna.

Effect of pulsed electric field treated on quality of curd.

Pulsed electric field (PEF) is a potential pre-treatment technique to improve the quality of milk by reducing its microbial load. The present study aims at addressing this issue with respect to a popular fermented dairy product, that is, curd. Milk was treated with high voltage and frequency (55 kV and 90 Hz) square waves of pulse width 900 µs for 100 s. Curd samples were prepared with conventional heat treatment (CHT), PEF-treated milk subjected to CHT (PT-CHT), and PEF-treated milk (PT). PT samples resulted in curd with higher acidity (0.17 ± 0.005% LA) and microbial load (6.65 ± 0.27 log CFU/g), while the PT-CHT samples resulted in curd with better whey holding capacity. The firmness recorded for CHT, PT-CHT, and PT was 1.15 ± 0.05, 1.32 ± 0.04, and 0.91 ± 0.03 N, respectively. PT-CHT showed a higher viscosity index, that is, 0.207 ± 0.005 g. Sensorial properties showed the acidic nature of PT-curd with greater syneresis and softer texture resulted in its poorer sensory scores for texture. Shelf-life analysis showed no significant difference between curd prepared using the CH and PT-CHT up to 12 days. The study demonstrated the potential of employing PEF with CHT for improving the texture and shelf life of curd without impacting its quality.

Abstract 4632: Spatial whole transcriptome analysis of differential expression for biomarker discovery in colorectal cancer

Abstract Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death, which is frequently caused by genetic or epigenetic changes. The study of tumor microenvironment (TME) profiling may provide a better knowledge of spatial gene expression patterns of known CRC markers, visualize the cell composition and localization, and serve to aid the understanding of the mechanisms of tumor formation. BioChain Institute, Inc. is currently investigating the TME profiling of CRC through tissue-wide, whole transcriptome analysis for the ability to discover potential therapeutic targets. Methods: BioChain’s formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples from 3 primary colon adenocarcinoma tumors (PT), and their matched adjacent normal tissues (PN), were used to investigate the TME. The images of Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E)-stained tissue sections were annotated by our pathologist. The spatial whole transcriptome was analyzed using 10x Genomics Visium Spatial Gene Expression for FFPE. This assay provided about 5,000 spatially barcoded spots with mRNA-binding oligonucleotides to capture the gene expression. The integration of the imaging and sequencing data enabled a spatially resolved transcriptome of CRC heterogeneity. Results: The annotations of both PT and PN tissue samples were found to be correlated with the spatial gene expression clustering. With the overlaying of total gene counts for each spot on the H&E-stained tissue image, about 16,000-17,000 genes were detected in each sample. The median of ~5,500 and ~1,600 genes per spot were expressed in PT and PN samples respectively. The study of gene expression levels revealed the overexpression of several well-known CRC markers (APOE, SCD, IGFBP3, TIMP1, SPARC) and the down-regulation of numerous markers (DES, CA1, KLF4) in PT samples significantly. Conclusion: Our spatial analysis results provide insight into tumor heterogeneity, spatial organization of cells within the TME and biomarker identification. BioChain is in a unique position to facilitate researchers with a plethora of oncologic and other diseased tissue types, as well as the spatial whole transcriptome analysis. Our study enables the understanding of the TME, discovery of potential diagnostic and prognostic targets, especially for the development of personalized therapy. Citation Format: Elim Cheung, Vidyodhaya Sundaram, Baowen Zhang, Lutong Zhang, Tong Lu. Spatial whole transcriptome analysis of differential expression for biomarker discovery in colorectal cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 4632.

Epoxy Resins for Flooring Applications, an Optimal Host for Recycling Deactivated Cement Asbestos

Cement asbestos slates, commonly known as Eternit® and still abundant in private and public buildings, were deactivated through a thermal process. The resulting deactivated cement asbestos powder (DCAP), a mixture of Ca-Mg-Al silicates and glass, was compounded with Pavatekno Gold 200 (PT) and Pavafloor H200/E (PF), two different epoxy resins (bisphenol A epichlorohydrin) for flooring applications. The addition of the DCAP filler to the PF samples causes a slight but acceptable decrease in the relevant mechanical properties (compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths) upon increasing DCAP content. The addition of the DCAP filler to pure epoxy (PT resin) causes a slight decrease in the tensile and flexural strengths with increasing DCAP content, while the compressive strength is almost unaffected, and the Shore hardness increases. The main mechanical properties of the PT samples are significantly better than those of the filler-bearing sample of normal production. Overall, these results suggest that DCAP can be advantageously used as filler in addition to, or in substitution for, commercial barite. In particular, the sample with 20 wt% of DCAP is the best performing in terms of compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths, whereas the sample with 30 wt% of DCAP shows the highest Shore hardness, which is an important property to be considered in flooring applications.

Malignant Prostate Tissue Is Associated with Different Microbiome Gene Functions.

Specific microorganisms and changes in the constituents of the microbiome are linked with pathologies in humans, such as malignancy. Within the prostate, certain bacterial communities may locate advantageous conditions and establish themselves, thus outperforming alternative species. In this study, a comparison of malignant (MT) and benign prostate tissues (BT) or benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) was performed in order to delineate the respective microbiomes in each sample type and to determine their pertinence to prostatic tumourigenesis. Specimens of MT (n = 26) and PT (n = 13)/BPH (n = 10) were acquired from patients. No variations in the make-up of the microbiome were seen when MT and PT specimens were compared. Changes in the bacterial constituents and functional genes were seen in the specimens obtained from patients with MT when contrasted against samples from those with BPH. Pelomonas was the genus with the highest abundance in MT specimens. It is proposed that dissimilar microbiome gene functions are present in the contexts of MT and PT samples.

High radiation tolerance of electrocaloric (1-x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–xPbTiO3

High radiation tolerance of functional materials in harsh environments is the key requirement for the operation of particle accelerators, medical devices, nuclear power plants, satellites, and spacecraft. Neutron and gamma (γ) radiation can seriously affect the functional properties of the irradiated materials and thus the performance of the entire device. In this work, the feasibility of using (1-x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–xPbTiO3 (PMN–100xPT) electrocaloric materials in applications where the material is exposed to high neutron and γ-radiation is investigated. For this purpose, three different compositions of PMN–100xPT ceramics (x = 0, 0.1, and 0.35) were prepared and their dielectric, ferroelectric and electrocaloric properties were investigated before and after neutron and γ-irradiation. The samples were irradiated with a neutron fluence of 1015 to 1017 neutrons cm−2 with an energy of 1 MeV, which exceeds the largest expected neutron irradiation in the European Council for nuclear Research (CERN) and simultaneously exposed to γ-irradiation. The neutron and γ-radiation partially affect the functional properties of the PMN–35PT, the ceramic with distinct ferroelectric and weakened relaxor features, with some differences observed in the domain switching behavior, measured by conventional polarization versus electric field (P–E) hysteresis, at the highest radiation dose of 1017 neutrons cm−2. In contrast, the functional properties of the irradiated PMN and PMN–10PT samples with relaxor behavior are quite similar to those of the pristine samples, therefore, we conclude that these materials can be used as working materials in EC coolers exposed to such harsh environments.

Synthesis, Characterization and Photoelectric Properties of Fe2O3 Incorporated TiO2 Photocatalyst Nanocomposites

In the present work we report the sol-gel synthesis of pure TiO2 and (TiO2)1−x(Fe2O3)x nanocomposites with different Fe2O3 contents (x = 0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 for pure TiO2, Fe2O3 incorporated 0.1, 0.5, and pure Fe2O3 which are denoted as PT, 0.1F, 0.5F, and PF, respectively). The structural, morphological, optical, and surface texture of the prepared nanocomposites were characterized using various techniques. The structural studies confirm the strong influence of Fe2O3 contents on the crystallite sizes and dislocation values. The size of the crystallites was increased by the increase in Fe2O3 contents. The bandgap values elucidated from DRS analysis were decreased from 3.15 eV to 1.91 eV with increasing Fe2O3 contents. The N2-Physorption analysis has confirmed the mesoporous nature of the samples with a comparable specific surface area of 35 m2/g. The photoelectrochemical measurements (CV, CA and EIS) were performed to assess the photoelectric properties of the prepared materials. It was found that the PT samples have the highest catalytic activity and photocurrent response compared to other composites. The reduction in current density was as follows: 2.8, 1.65, 1.5 and 0.9 mA/cm2, while the photocurrent response was ca. 800, 450, 45, 35 µA/cm2 for PT, 0.1F, 0.5F and PF samples, respectively. The EIS results showed that the (TiO2)1−x(Fe2O3)x nanocomposites exhibit lower charge transfer resistance than pure titania and hematite samples.

Optimisation of matrix composition for texturing of morphotropic phase boundary Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbZrO3–PbTiO3 piezoelectric ceramics using BaTiO3 template

Texturing is an innovative method for fabricating high-performance piezoelectric ceramics. However, the optimal conditions for successful texturing must be evaluated to obtain high performance. Herein, the texturing behaviour of Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbZrO3–PbTiO3 (PMN–PZ–PT) piezoelectric ceramics using plate-like BaTiO3 crystals as a template was found to be strongly dependent on the chemical composition of the matrix. Given that the solubility of BaTiO3 in the matrix increased with the PZ content, an excessive amount (>20 mol%) of the BaTiO3 template was necessary for texturing a 0.2PMN–0.38PZ–0.42PT, while 3 mol% of the BaTiO3 template could texture a 0.4PMN–0.22PZ–0.38PT. Owing to well-aligned textured grains and the complete consumption of randomly oriented matrix particles, a textured 0.4PMN–0.22PZ–0.38PT sample prepared by tape-casting under optimised conditions yielded a Lotgering factor of 97 % and an induced strain of 0.2 % with an electric field of 2 kV/mm.