Sampling Technique Research Articles

The Impact Of Price And Brand Image On Consumer Loyalties Of Singkong Moro Crips On The Housing Industry In Sari Lampung East Sources Village

The research aims to find out the impact of packaging, price and brand image on loyalty. Supposed packaging, price and brand image. The study used quantitative research methods, with a total of 97 respondents. Sampling using non-probability sampling techniques with random sample methods. The data analysis techniques used are Data Quality Test, Classical Assumption Test, Double Linear Regression Analysis, Hypothesis Test and Determination Coefficient Test. Based on calculations with some of these techniques and tests, it is known that the packaging individually has no influence on consumer loyalty. While price and brand image have a positive and significant influence on consumer loyalty.

Advancing collaboration toward green supplier selection: perspective of green relational capital

Purpose Though there is literature on green collaboration to supplier selections, there are hardly any empirical studies that analyze collaborative networks toward green supplier selection (GSS) from the perspective of green relational capital (GRC). Therefore, this study aims to fill this research gap by analyzing the development of collaboration toward GSS through the lenses of GRC. Also, this study explores how collaboration between institutions and their relevant green stakeholders, framed through the lens of GRC influences the selection of green suppliers. Design/methodology/approach This study uses an exploratory case study approach involving public universities in Ghana. This study is based on interviews conducted with 27 key respondents across seven universities. A purposive sampling technique was used in selecting respondents who were interviewed face-to-face with a semi-structured interview guide. Atlas ti software was used to generate themes for discussion. Findings This study’s findings suggest that the reason green criteria are not integrated into supplier selection is due to an insufficient collaboration among relevant green stakeholders. Through green training workshops, conferences, continuous professional development and affiliation with professional bodies, procurement practitioners can develop a collaborative network among themselves to promote the integration of green sustainability into supplier selection. Constructs that help to establish strong collaborative network identified in this study include trust and consistency, mutual benefits, obvious intentions and effective communication. Practical implications This study identified constructs promoting effective green collaboration toward the adoption of GSS. These constructs as identified in this study, provide a clear means of developing green collaboration among relevant stakeholders. By fostering and developing collaboration, the main construct of GRC, institutions can successfully integrate green sustainability into their supplier selection process, leading to long-term benefits for both the environment and the institution. Social implications Collaboration toward integration of green sustainability into supplier selection necessitates engagement with various relevant green stakeholders, including suppliers, customers, government bodies, colleagues in sister institutions and environmental advocacy groups. This fosters a sense of shared responsibility and collective action toward sustainability goals. Originality/value This study offers empirical evidence on the impact of collaboration on supplier selection and green sustainability performance, contributing to the existing body of literature. By analyzing collaboration, a perspective of GRC, toward the integration of green sustainability into supplier selection is considered as a novel study.

Workplace mistreatments by the management toward employees and its behavioral consequences

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the impact of organizational mistreatments, such as workplace bullying and ostracism, on task performance. Additionally, it explores the mediating role of cyber loafing and the moderating role of negative reciprocity beliefs.Design/methodology/approachAdopting a positivism research philosophy and a deductive approach, this study focuses on the petroleum sector-related organizations where enterprise resource planning requires active Internet use, potentially leading to cyber loafing. Data were collected from employees using purposive sampling techniques, resulting in a sample size of 248. The data analysis was conducted using AMOS and SPSS software.FindingsThe results indicate that cyber loafing fully mediates the relationship between workplace bullying and ostracism on task performance. Additionally, negative reciprocity beliefs significantly moderate the relationship between workplace bullying, ostracism and cyber loafing.Originality/valueThis study presents a moderated-mediation model of organizational mistreatments and task performance, elucidating the mechanisms through the mediating role of cyber loafing and the moderating role of negative reciprocity beliefs.

Building Confidence and Well-being: The Power of Coach Communication and Personal Connections in College Basketball

The relationship between coaches and athletes plays a critical role in shaping athletes' confidence, performance, and overall well-being. Effective communication and strong interpersonal connections between coaches and athletes are often key determinants of success in sports, particularly for student athletes who are balancing academic and athletic responsibilities. This research aims to identify and analyze the influence of coach communication skills and personal closeness on self-confidence and well-being of student basketball athletes at Universitas Negeri Jakarta and Riau Islamic University. The research used mixed methods with purposive sampling techniques to select participants who met the criteria, namely athletes and coaches with relevant experience in basketball teams. Data were collected through quantitative questionnaires to measure coach communication quality, personal closeness, confidence, and athlete well-being; as well as in-depth interviews and observations of interactions in training and matches to obtain more in-depth contextual data. Quantitative analysis was conducted using regression techniques, while qualitative data were thematically analyzed to identify key themes and patterns. The results showed that clear, open, and emotionally supportive coach communication had a significant effect on athletes' confidence and well-being. Athletes who perceived emotional support and effective communication from coaches were more motivated and confident in their abilities, which had a positive impact on their performance on the field. In addition, the personal closeness between coaches and athletes also increased athletes' confidence and emotional satisfaction. The implication of this research is the importance of communication skills and interpersonal relationships in the training process.

Assessment Of Challenges Faced by Caregivers of Older Adults Living with Visual Impairment in Enugu East Local Government Area

The effect of visual impairment can be profound on older adults as well as their caregivers, affecting their independence, quality of life and ability to navigate daily activities. The study is designed to find out challenges faced by caregivers of older adults living with visual impairments in Enugu East Local Government Area of Enugu State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique which comprised purposive sampling technique, simple random sampling technique by balloting and availability sampling where used at various stages to select 24 participants which comprised of 4 male and 4 female who were caregivers to visual impairment older adults chosen from eye clinics within the three selected district that made Enugu East. Data was generated using an in-dept interview guide and analysied thematically using quotes from the research participants. The study revealed emotional stress and burden, insufficient time for personal care and activities, financial drain, depression and anxiety as the major challenges of the caregivers to visually impaired older adults, whereas factors such as poor medical facilities, financial constraints, and poor welfare packages where identified to be responsible for the challenges. Further findings revealed social workers could play crucial role by providing emotional support, resource coordination, advocacy, counseling to crisis intervention to assist caregivers cope with these challenges.

Assessment of household insecticide-treated bed net ownership, utilization, and associated factors in Kersa Woreda, Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia

BackgroundAn estimated 40% of the world’s population lives in malaria-prone areas, there are 300–500 million malaria episodes worldwide, and at least one million malaria fatalities occur each year which makes malaria is a major public health concern [1]. In sub-Saharan Africa, malaria claims the lives of about 90% of all people worldwide. Today, there is a growing interest in using ITNs as one of the leading strategies for the prevention and control of malaria. Many studies on ITN use and associated factors have shown that factors influencing ITN use differ from place to place, with very few similarities; specifically, there are no studies conducted in the study area on ITN ownership, utilization, or associated factors.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2023 to June 2023. A multistage sampling technique was employed to recruit the study participants. From twenty Malaria kebeles, six kebeles were selected by the lottery method, and study households were selected by the systematic random sample technique. A total of 770 planned sample sizes were calculated by using a single population formula. A trained data collector was used to collect the data, and the data entry and analysis were performed with SPSS 27.0. Simple frequency distribution and descriptive analyses were performed to describe participants’ sociodemographic, ownership, and utilization. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine associations between dependent and independent variables, with a p-value < 0.05 indicating statistical significance.ResultsData were collected from a total of 766 study participants, for a response rate of 99.5%. The majority (89%) of the respondents had at least one ITN, and 83.5% of the households reported sleeping under the ITN the night preceding the survey. Knowledge about ITN as a preventive agent for malaria [AOR 2.028, 95% CI: 1.010, 4.070], the presence of pregnant mothers in the household [AOR 4.373, 95% CI: 1.70, 11.203], willingness to buy ITN [AOR 2.106, 95% CI: 1.330, 3.335] and home visited by health extension workers [AOR 2.002, 95% CI: 1.228, 4.540] were identified as factors associated with ITN utilization by households.ConclusionITN ownership and utilization were 89% and 83.5%, respectively. Knowledge about the use of the ITN for preventing malaria, the presence of pregnant mothers in the household, willingness to buy the ITN, and home visits by HEW were identified as factors associated with ITN utilization. The ITN distribution for malaria cases and the mechanism for accessing the ITN in the market need to be considered by health authorities. Continuing to apply IEC/BCC interventions to increase the knowledge of the community on the ITN and of home visits and support the proper utilization of the ITN is highly important.

Effects of Core Stability Training on Lumbar Flexibility in Postpartum Females with Hyperlordosis: AQuasi-Experimental Study

Background: Lordosis is the natural curve of lumbar spine which is essential for proper posture and spinalalignment. When this angle increases then that is hyperlordosis &amp; when it decreases called hypolordosis.Many postpartum women experience an increase in lumbar lordosis, which can cause discomfort, pain, andpostural imbalances, potentially leading to long-term musculature issues. Core stability exercises effectivelystrengthen the abdominal and spinal muscles, addressing these postural problems and enhancing overallstability, which is crucial for recovery and preventing future complications.Objective: The current study was designed to assess the effect of core stability training on lumbar flexibilityin hyperlordotic postpartum females. Methods: In this Quasi Experimental study, a Non-Probability-Convenience sampling technique was used tocollect the data. The total duration of treatment was 12 weeks. Pre-treatment Modified-Modified SchoberTest (MMST) value was measured before and after the treatment of twelve weeks to check the efficiency ofthe core stability exercises in hyperlordotic postpartum females. Data was analyzed on SPSS 25. Results: In this study, core stability training significantly decreased lumbar lordosis (p value = 0.000) withmean values of 8.21 ± 0.22 and 7.68 ± 0.37 for Pre-Exercise MMST(Mean ± SD) and Post-Exercise MMST(Mean ± SD) respectively. Conclusions: Core stability training is a good approach for correcting lumbar lordosis and back pain afterchildbirth. This means core stability exercises played an important role in correcting hyperlordosis and ingaining the spine's normal curvature hence alleviating symptoms.

THE EFFECT OF GENDER DIFFERENCES, AUDIT FEES, AUDIT WORK EXPERIENCE, AND INDEPENDENCE ON AUDIT QUALITY

Public accountants are required to maintain Audit Quality in order to produce financial statements that meet standards. The purpose of this research is to produce empirical evidence on the influence of gender differences, audit fees, audit work experience, and auditor independence on KA. The research method used is the survey method. The sampling technique used is the convenience sampling method by taking the condition of public accountants who work at KAP in Bandar Lampung City. The data collection technique uses a questionnaire. The data is processed with the SPSS program. The results of the research show that audit work experience and auditor independence show a significant influence on KA. However, gender differences and audit fees have no effect on KA.

Correlation between Self-Esteem and Academic Achievement among Students of a Selected Nursing College in Mangaluru

Abstract Background/Objectives People with high self-esteem see themselves as capable, active individuals who can make changes through hard work and higher goals that lead to learning new things. The results in the classroom that demonstrate how successfully a student has fulfilled their learning objectives are referred to as academic achievement. It could allude to achieving major academic achievements, such as receiving a bachelor's degree. In their capacity as health advocates and qualified health care practitioners, nursing students are essential to the public health movement. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether academic achievement and self-esteem are related. Methods The study used a correlational descriptive design. The study sample comprised 197 nursing students from a certain college. The technique of proportionate stratified sampling was employed to choose the students. A checklist of academic achievements, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and a baseline proforma were used to collect data. Results Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used in data analysis. The findings of the analysis indicated that there was a marginally favorable correlation between academic success and self-esteem among nursing students. The resulting “r” value (0.158) was statistically significant at the 0.05 level of significance. Consequently, the research hypothesis was accepted, and the null hypothesis was rejected. Conclusion The research project found a weakly positive correlation between academic achievement and self-esteem. The resulting “r” value (0.158) was statistically significant at the 0.05 level of significance. There was a weakly positive correlation between academic achievement and self-esteem among nursing students.

Soil and Sediment Organisms as Bioindicators of Pollution

This review examines the role of soil and sediment organisms as bioindicators in environmental pollution assessment. As fundamental elements of terrestrial ecosystems, soils harbour a rich and diverse biodiversity that plays a key role in regulating ecological processes. The use of bioindicators provides a sensitive and specific approach to detecting the effects of chemical, biological, and physical pollutants on soil health. The review presents a detailed analysis of the types of contaminants commonly encountered, the soil organisms used as bioindicators, and the criteria for selecting the most appropriate bioindicators. It also discusses assessment methods, including soil sampling and analysis techniques, and the biological and ecological indices used to measure contamination. Regional case studies illustrate the practical application of bioindicators for assessing soil quality in different geographical contexts. The review also highlights current challenges to the use of bioindicators, such as technical limitations and the variability of organism responses, and suggests perspectives for future research, including technological innovation and the integration of bioindicators into environmental policy.

HIV prevention and treatment cascades among female sex workers in Ghana: gaps and priorities that should be addressed by the national programme

BackgroundThere is currently limited knowledge about HIV prevention and treatment cascades among female sex workers (FSW) in Ghana. This study sought to use the 2020 bio-behavioural survey (BBS) among FSWs to identify gaps and priorities in HIV treatment and prevention cascades to help achieve the 95–95-95 fast track targets.MethodThe study used a cross-sectional design with Time Location Sampling (TLS) technique in all regions of Ghana. All eligible FSW at the selected venues and stipulated time frame were interviewed and tested for HIV onsite using the national testing algorithm. For condom use and HIV testing cascades, each step of the cascade was calculated as a percentage of all FSW. Analysis of treatment cascade was restricted to HIV positive participants and was presented using both conditional (% eligible PLHIV) and unconditional (% all PLHIV) approaches. Viral suppression level was defined as < 1000 copies/ml.ResultsA total of 6,773 participants took part in the behavioral interviews while 6,217 took part in the biological component which involves HIV testing. In all, 33% and 80% of all FSW do not consistently use condoms with their paying clients and non-paying partners respectively. The findings further show that 26.6% of FSW have never tested for HIV, and contrary to the HIV testing policy of every six months for FSW, 70.0% did not test for HIV 6 months preceding the survey and 40.7% of all FSW did not test for HIV 12 months preceding the survey.The conditional treatment cascade was 32%-71%-57% while the unconditional cascade was 32%-23%-49%. The study further shows 68% of the HIV positive FSW were not aware of their HIV positive status, 77% were not on treatment, while nearly 51% were not virally suppressed regardless of treatment status.ConclusionThe results show that both the prevention and treatment cascades are suboptimal. Key gaps identified include low: HIV testing, viral load suppression, condom use with both paying clients and non-paying partners. There is therefore the need to scale prevention and treatment interventions particularly HIV testing, treatment initiation, consistent condoms use with both paying clients and non-paying partners to help achieve the 95–95-95 fast track targets.

THE IMPACT OF CORPORATE BRAND COMPETITIVENESS AND SERVICE QUALITY ON CUSTOMER LOYALTY IN USING SMART CLASSROOM PRODUCTS: A CASE OF BEIJING ORIENTAL ZHONGYUAN DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.

Purpose – This study examines the impact of corporate brand competitiveness and service quality on customer loyalty in the smart classroom products industry. The research aims to fill the gap in the literature by identifying specific factors influencing customer loyalty in this rapidly evolving technological sector.Methodology – The research employed a descriptive design, gathering data with convenience random sampling technique from 400 participants, including teachers, students, and administrative staff. Data was collected via a structured questionnaire that measured corporate brand competitiveness, service quality, and customer loyalty, using a five-point Likert scale. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods, including regression analysis. Reliability and validity were ensured through rigorous testing of the research instruments.Results – The findings indicate that demographic factors such as gender, age, and education do not significantly impact customer loyalty. However, corporate brand competitiveness, particularly in areas of competitive intelligence, pivotal merits, and communicative capacities, has a substantial influence on customer loyalty. Additionally, service quality, especially in terms of reliability, empathy, and assurance, was found to significantly drive customer loyalty in the smart classroom product market.Implications – The study suggests that companies in the smart classroom sector should focus on enhancing brand competitiveness through market intelligence, strategic communication, and providing high-quality service. These factors are crucial for fostering customer loyalty in a technology-driven educational environment. The insights provided can guide companies in developing strategies that strengthen customer satisfaction and retention.Originality/Value – This research provides new insights into the underexplored area of customer loyalty in the smart classroom products industry, offering valuable recommendations for both academic researchers and industry practitioners.

Socio-Economic Impact of Wage Inequality on Employee’s Satisfaction

This study addressed the research gap in understanding the factors that contribute to wage inequality and their impact on employee satisfaction in the public and private sectors. The study's objectives included exploring factors contributing to wage inequality, examining the impact of socio-economic factors on job satisfaction, and proposing measures to reduce wage inequality and improve job satisfaction in both sectors. The study collected primary data through questionnaire method from the public and private sectors of twin cities to estimate the direct effect of independent variables on employee satisfaction. The stratified sampling technique was used for the comparison of employees who are more satisfied either in the private or public sector. The study also used a binary logisticmodel to examine the null hypothesis, which stated that there was a significant gap in employee fulfillment among private or public sectors and that there was a significant difference in socio-economic factors of employees in both sectors. The analysis included 407 cases. The frequency of private institution employees was 186 while public institution employees was 221. It is believed that the study'sfindings will contribute to the current conversation about pay disparities and provide organizations and decision-makers with practical advice for raising satisfaction with work and decreasing wage inequality.

Pengaruh Organizational Citizenship Behavior dan Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan melalui Kepuasan Kerja sebagai Variable Intervening PT. Inhutaniv

This research was conducted to understand how “Organizational Citizenship Behavior and work environment affect employee performance with job satisfaction as a mediating variable at PT Inhutani V”. This study used saturated sampling technique, where the entire population of 138 people became respondents. Data were collected through questionnaires, then analyzed using the SEM method processed with the Smart PLS 4.0 application. The findings of the analysis tested on employee performance at PT Inhutani V show that Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) and the work environment are proven to have a positive and significant effect. In addition, it was also found that the factor of employee job satisfaction had a positive and significant relationship with their performance. Furthermore, OCB plays a positive and significant role in influencing employee job satisfaction, as well as the work environment. Furthermore, OCB contributes positively and significantly to employee performance when job satisfaction acts as a mediating variable. Meanwhile, although the effect of work environment on employee performance through mediating job satisfaction is positive, the effect is not significant.

An Analysis of the Relationship between Academic Achievement and Self-concept among B.Ed. Students

This study is aimed to assess the Relationship between Academic Achievement and Self - Concept level of B.Ed., III Semester Exam Marks of B.Ed. Students have been taken for Academic Achievement. Self-Concept Scale (SCS) (2023) was constructed and validated by the Hanumantharaju K. B. and Sivakumar R. The investigator has chosen the colleges randomly and selected 14 B.Ed. colleges (7colleges from urban and 7 colleges from rural) from Bangalore North University. The sample was selected by using the simple random sampling technique. The sample included 840 B.Ed., students studying in affiliated colleges to Bangalore North University. The study concluded with the point that the B.Ed., Students have Academic Achievement, but the Self - Concept was influenced by their gender, marital status and qualification of the students significantly. The study revealed the fact that the level of Academic Achievement and Self - Concept are at high and average levels.

Reimplementation of madrasah ramah anak in building discipline character of students

This study aims to discuss the implementation and impact of the Madrasah Ramah Anak (MRA) concept on the disciplinary character of students. This study uses a qualitative approach of field research type. This research took place at MAN 1 Sleman. Data collection was conducted through interviews and purposive sampling techniques. The results showed that the MRA program has been implemented following Sekolah Ramah Anak's (SRA) component. They are child-friendly school policy, educators and education personnel trained in children's rights and SRA, child-friendly learning process, child-friendly facilities and infrastructure, and child participation. MRA provides significant changes by shifting rewards and punishments towards a more humanist approach. The implementation of MRA, which is based on Albert Bandura's modeling theory, allows students to imitate the behavior of educators and peers. This modeling involves all madrasah stakeholders. The positive impact is the application of the principle of justice and increased networking with external parties such as BKKBN and Puskesmas. Then, the negative impact is the weakening of students' disciplinary attitude because they seem to feel safe from punishment. The solutions include involving students in competitions and formulating rules-related class agreements. This research is expected to make a scientific contribution to the formation of disciplinary character, especially through the concept of MRA.

Swedish abdominal massage versus warm water therapy on postoperative constipation: a comparison quasi-experimental study

Background Postoperative immobilizatiton for patients with lower extremity fractures causes constipation, which usually affects 50–70% of patients. When it comes to nursing interventions for postoperative constipation, Swedish abdominal massage and warm water drinking therapy are two possible options. Aim The objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness of drinking warm water and Swedish abdominal massage on constipation scores on post-operative lower extremity fractures. Methods A quasi-experimental pre-posttest design without control group design was applied. 30 respondents used simple random sampling technique. The Constipation Assessment Scale (CAS) questionnaire was used to assess the patient’s constipation levels before and after the intervention. The data analysis used independent t-test. Results The mean score of constipation of drinking water group after the intervention was 4.60 while abdominal Swedish massage was 3.56. Although both significantly reduced the constipation score, the p-value was 0.00. Conclusion The protocol of drinking warm water and Swedish abdominal massage immediately after waking up effectively reduced constipation scores on postoperative lower extremity fracture patients and can be use to adjuvant therapy. Further studies are needed to investigate postoperative constipation patients with immobility and the use of strong analgetics.

The Effect of Perceived Security Risks on Mobile Banking Adoption in Fashion Retail Industry. A Case Study of Mwanza Region, Tanzania

The adoption of mobile banking among fashion retailers is increasingly recognized as a powerful catalyst for economic empowerment and financial inclusion. It reduces reliance on traditional banking methods, allowing consumers and suppliers to engage in transactions without the constraints of banking hours or physical locations. This flexibility enables online transactions to occur anytime and anywhere, fostering a more dynamic and responsive shopping environment. However, its adoption is very limited in fashion industry. This study was set to explore security issues that affect adoption of mobile banking by fashion retailers in Mwanza municipal councils. The study is grounded on perceived risk theory which explain how individuals assess risk and make decisions under uncertainty. The data for this study were collected using a close-ended questionnaire distributed to a sample of 200 respondents, who were selected through a simple random sampling technique. The study employed a combination of content analysis and binary logistic regression analysis as its analytical approach. The study revealed a negative effect of fraud, phishing attacks, and transaction errors on the adoption of mobile banking, while highlighting the positive influence of security literacy in encouraging this adoption. The study concluded that that mobile banking service providers should implement comprehensive user education programs focused on security best practices, including the importance of strong passwords and awareness of phishing schemes. Additionally, enhancing authentication methods and establishing robust transaction error resolution processes that can mitigate risks and foster greater trust in mobile banking among fashion retailers.

Assessment of displaced Sudanese school-age children’s mental health at Ad-Damar, River Nile, Sudan, 2024: a descriptive cross-sectional study

BackgroundThe WHO defines mental health as well-being where individuals manage stress, work productively, and contribute to their community. Children’s mental health is critical, especially among vulnerable groups like refugees. Research shows refugee children, including Sudanese, face PTSD, depression, and anxiety due to conflict and displacement, yet specific studies on Sudanese children are scarce. East Africa faces high prevalence due to poverty, conflict, and inadequate healthcare. Sudan’s situation is exacerbated by ongoing conflict and limited resources, despite efforts from NGOs and international organizations.MethodologyThis cross-sectional descriptive study examines the mental health of Sudanese school-age children (6–18 years) in Ad-Damar, River Nile, Sudan, using a simple random sampling technique. The study included 246 participants. Data were collected using an author-designed questionnaire based on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), supplemented with demographic information. Data management involved secure handling and ethical considerations, including informed consent and confidentiality. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS V.25 to ensure accuracy and reliability of the findings.ResultsThe sample included children aged 6–18 years, with 54% males and 46% females. Displacement duration varied, with 34% displaced for 1–2 years. Socio-demographic findings indicated 39% lived with both parents, 56% were in urban environments, and 47% were in primary school. Mental health assessments revealed 68% frequently felt sad, 73% felt anxious, and 29% had diagnosed conditions, including PTSD and depression. Correlations showed significant positive relationships between overall mood ratings and both school support (r = 0.45, p < 0.01) and family support (r = 0.35, p < 0.05). Chi-Square tests indicated significant associations between gender and mental health diagnoses (χ²=5.67, p = 0.017) and family structure and perceived support (χ²=12.34, p < 0.05).ConclusionThe study highlights the urgent need for better mental health support for displaced children, given the high prevalence of mental health issues and inadequate support from schools and families. Future research should include longitudinal studies to evaluate long-term effects and intervention effectiveness. Key steps include improving access to mental health services, fostering supportive educational environments, and enhancing family support systems.

Determinants of neonatal mortality among hospitalised neonates with sepsis at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi: A mixed-methods study.

Neonatal sepsis-related deaths remain a significant health problem contributing to higher morbidity and mortality rates, particularly in low resource settings, such as Malawi. However, there is limited information to associate risk factors and health system factors with mortality. This study investigated the risk factors associated with mortality and explored health system factors contributing to deaths among neonates with sepsis at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH), Blantyre, Malawi. This mixed-method study utilised a convergent parallel approach to describe the determinants of neonatal mortality among neonates with sepsis. We selected this design because it allowed the researchers to triangulate, support and enhance the internal and external validity of the results. We retrospectively reviewed 237 neonatal records using a simple random sampling technique for cross-sectional quantitative data. Exploratory qualitative data was collected using a semi-structured interview guide from 10 purposively selected healthcare workers directly involved in providing neonatal care through in-depth interviews. Quantitative data were analysed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression in Stata v.14; qualitative data were analysed manually using a thematic analysis approach. We found that gestation age (OR 0.76 (95% CI: 0.58, 0.99), p-value = 0.040) and number of days spent in the hospital (OR 0.64 (95% CI: 0.48, 0.85), p-value = 0.002) were the most predictive risk factors. The qualitative inquiry showed the maternal behavioural factors; reporting late to hospital, cultural and religious beliefs; maternal health related factors: prolonged labour, unnecessary vaginal examinations, premature rupturing of membranes; Neonatal factors: prematurity, meconium aspiration, home deliveries and lastly, health system factors included delay in treatment, referrals and blood culture results, limited resources contributed to documented clinical outcomes. Determinants of neonatal mortality were gestation age, number of days spent in the hospital, maternal behavioural and health related, neonatal and health system factors. Reducing mortality among neonates with sepsis will require a multi-sectoral approach.