Sample Of Dental Patients Research Articles

Nicotine dependence and its association with health utility ratings among a sample of Indian dental patients.

To measure utility ratings and quality-adjusted life-years(QALYs) for nicotine dependence-related health states using the standard gamble approach among a sample of dental patients; investigate the possible associations of nicotine dependence, and study the influences on tobacco-related health state utilities estimates among patients. A sample of 200 adult outpatients who were current or former consumers of tobacco were included in the cross-sectional study. Demographic, oral health self-rating and tobacco-related data (Fagerstrom scale for nicotine dependence, type of tobacco consumed, frequency and duration of the habit) were collected. A standard gamble method of utility valuation was also carried out. Older age, lower educational attainment, higher frequency of consumption, increased duration of the habit, consumption of chewing tobacco, as opposed to smoking tobacco, and poor oral health were associated with higher nicotine dependence. Lower nicotine dependence, better oral health and quitting the habit were associated with better health utility estimates. QALYs lost due to the habit among the 'low to moderate' and 'significant' nicotine dependence groups were 2.7 (sd, 3.7) and 6.7 (sd, 8.0) years, respectively. Higher health utility ratings were seen among patients with 'low to moderate' nicotine dependence, better oral health status and quitters of the tobacco habit. Quality of life weights generated through this method could be used for cost-utility analyses of tobacco cessation/prevention interventions in different settings and cultures.

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Dentin Hypersensitivity among Adult Patients Attending a University Dental Clinic in Trinidad, West Indies. A Cross-Sectional Study.

<p>Purpose: To assess the prevalence of dentin hypersensitivity (DH) in an adult population and explore its association with sociodemographic variables, dietary habits and oral health behaviours as there is very little data on this from the Caribbean.<br /> Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted of consecutive dental patients (18 years and over) attending the UWI School of Dentistry polyclinic. Following informed consent, dental examinations were performed and the presence of DH was assessed clinically by sensitivity to an air blast on individual teeth. Patients were also given a questionnaire. Their answers were processed using statistical software (SPSS version 24). Associations between variables were analysed using the chi-squared test.<br /> Results: 300 patients participated, with an age range of 18-81 years and a mean age of 44.7 years (SD 15.7). 68.8% were female and the main ethnic groups were African (45.8%), Indian (29.8%) and mixed (24.4%). Over half of the participants (54.9%) reported a history of sensitive teeth and 52% reported sensitivity to the air syringe on one or more teeth. Based on multivariate logistic regression, a history of sensitive teeth was significantly associated with Indo-Trinidadian ethnicity (OR 2.24, 95% CI: 1.23, 4.45), a history of tooth grinding or jaw clenching (OR 0.38, 95% CI: 0.19, 0.76) and consumption of citrus fruits one to two times daily (OR 0.22, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.85). Those who experienced vomiting irregularly were more likely (OR 2.31, 95% CI: 0.96, 5.54) to have DH.<br /> Conclusion: Prevalence of dentin hypersensitivity was high among this sample of dental patients and was associated with ethnicity, tooth grinding and dietary practices.</p>.

DETERMINATION OF DENTAL AGE OF 10-13 YEAR-OLD CHILDREN OF THE CARPATHIAN REGION OF UKRAINE BY THE CAMERIERE METHOD IN COMPARISON WITH THEIR CHRONOLOGICAL AGE

Purpose: to evaluate the chronological and dental age of children in Lviv and the Lviv region aged 10-13 years with the help of the modified formula Cameriere. &#x0D; Methods. Оrthopantomograms 46 children (26 boys and 20 girls) aged 10-13 years from Lviv and Lviv region have been used for this study. A questionnaire was developed for the submission of individual patient data and a standardized format for making their indicators derived from orthopantomograms (OPG). The examination of the area of the lower seven teeth on the left was done using the Cameriere method and the age of the child was evaluated, which was further compared with the chronological age. &#x0D; Results.The obtained results of the study showed a high accuracy and reliability of the estimation of dental age in children up to 10-13 years with the help of the Cameriere formula modified by us. The research is based on the detection of physiological changes (the rate of formation of the roots) in the permanent teeth of children using the X-ray method. Evaluating the results obtained by two methods, among girls and boys of the selected age group, a statistically significant strong correlation between the chronological age and the age calculated by the Cameriere method was revealed. Cameriere research has been carried out in many countries around the world and, in particular, in European countries, by implementing the general formula.&#x0D; Children in the period of occlusive bite remain the most critical in terms of age and, therefore, the determination of the correct time for dental interventions. In this age group, the development of permanent teeth passes through different stages and depends on many factors of the environment, genetic, geographical and food factors. The process of teething also affects many local factors, such as space and space for a permanent tooth in the dental artery and the loss of temporary precursors. Even with a large number of factors affecting the eruption and formation of permanent teeth in children, this method showed high accuracy and independence.&#x0D; In order to assess the Cameriere method among the children under study and its further practical application, a comparison was made between the age obtained using this methodology and the chronological age of the children under study in different age groups, both among boys and girls.&#x0D; Analyzing the obtained data, it was found that the mean of chronological age among the studied boys aged 10-11 (n = 14) was 11.02 ± 0.59 years, and the Cameriere method was 10.63 ± 1.03 years. Student's assessment did not reveal a significant difference between the data (p = 0.22) for the age group of 10-11 years. Further analysis among the studied boys revealed that in the age group 12-13 years the average chronological age was 12.94 ± 0.49 years, and the age was determined by the Cameriere method 12.59 ± 0.63 years, and no significant difference was established between them (p = 0.14).&#x0D; The results of the studies have shown the suitability of the Cameriere formula modified during the process, based on the assessment of open tops and the number of teeth with completed root formation as a marker for the physiological development of the child and one that can be used to determine the child's age.Since studies had a limited age range on a particular sample of dental patients, further studies should evaluate the utility of this method in a larger sample of children in the extended age range of the given region of Ukraine and, if possible, adjust the formula we modified for the stability of the averaged indicators in different samples by age and sex.

Postoperative Pain Responses in Dental Patients on Chronic Opioid Therapy

It is estimated that 5 to 8 million Americans use opioids daily for the management of chronic pain. Yet, opioid therapy for chronic pain is not an evidence-based intervention, and it is increasingly apparent that outcomes are poorer for patients taking opioids (pain severity, functionality, quality of life) (1). A theorized explanation for these poor outcomes is the phenomenon of opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH) (2), defined as increased sensitivity to pain related to chronic opioid use, and which may interfere with desired pain relief in the chronic pain patient. This study was designed to compare pain responses and analgesic need in a sample of dental patients on chronic opioid therapy vs. not on opioid therapy, the first study of its kind. A total of 40 adult dental surgical patients are being enrolled in the study, 20 of whom are on opioid therapy for chronic pain, all undergoing a dental surgical procedure with a similar expected trauma rating, and standardized postoperative non-opioid pain management. Those in the opioid group are taking a regular daily dose of opioids ≥ 50mg morphine equivalents/day for ≥ 3 months and those in the control group have not taken an opioid medication within 3 months. Exclusion criteria include active substance use disorder; severe psychiatric disorder; neurological or psychiatric illness that would affect pain responses; history of GI ulcers; NSAID allergy; poor liver or kidney function; or pregnancy. Prior to the surgical procedure, pain perception is measured using 2 standardized experimental pain assays (cold-pressor testing; quantitative sensory testing) to detect OIH. To determine how OIH may affect postoperative pain responses, patient-reported pain severity and documentation of all analgesic consumption for the first 72 hours are collected. If preoperative opioid use is found to result in increased postoperative pain severity, clinical implications may include anticipation of increased analgesic need or preoperative opioid taper.

Dental health state utilities among dental patients.

To test the efficacy of a dental health state utility measure among a sample of dental patients using the standard gamble (SG) method and to examine its association with two quality of life constructs, namely the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 questionnaire and the global oral health item. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 202 adult dental patients. Demographic and clinical data were collected. The 14 item oral health impact profile (OHIP-14) and Locker's global rating scale for oral health were administered and a SG utility valuation was carried out. The mean age of the patients was 38.6 ± 14.1 years. The mean SG score was 0.2 ± 0.2. Bivariate and negative binomial regression using the SG score as the outcome variable showed significant associations between SG scores and the OHIP-14 summary scores, global oral health rating values, as well as with age, gender, and nature/severity of the oral problem. The SG method was effective in assessing dental health state utilities in the patient population. Determining patients' risk tolerance through the SG method may lead to greater awareness about factors that could influence their choice of treatment and could help in planning treatment regimens.

Factors affecting the interrelationship between cynical hostility and dental anxiety among dental patients.

The objectives of this study were to assess the relationship between dental anxiety and cynical hostility in a sample of dental patients and to study the possible role of socioeconomic status (SES) in this relationship. A total of 288 dental patients completed a self-administered questionnaire consisting of the cynical distrust scale (CDS) and the modified dental anxiety scale (MDAS). Data on sociodemographic characteristics were also collected. Dental anxiety as reflected by mean MDAS scores was significantly higher among the younger age group (P = 0.002), among females (P = 0.025), and the lower SES groups (P = 0.001). Cynical hostility was significantly higher among the older age group (P = 0.03), among males (P = 0.02), and among the lower SES groups, respectively, (P = 0.001). When the CDS scores for individuals with and without dental anxiety were compared within the context of the three socioeconomic strata, there was a statistically significant difference (P = 0.029) in scores between the two anxiety groups in the middle socioeconomic strata where the cynical distrust scores were lower among the anxiety group. Mediation analysis revealed that SES played an important role in the association between dental anxiety and cynical hostility. It also showed that the mediating effect is not uniform across socioeconomic strata and may be different in different societies with their own unique population structures and classes.

Constraints among patients while opting dental implant as a treatment option

Aim: To assess the constraints among patients while opting dental implant as a treatment option among the randomly selected sample of dental patients attending the outpatient department (OPD) of Vaidik Dental College and Research Centre, Daman, India. Materials and Methods: Information on demographic characteristics, knowledge about implant as an option for missing tooth replacement, source of information, and knowledge about other options of tooth replacement were obtained from patients visiting various dental OPDs of hospital and private dental clinics using nationwide self-explanatory survey. Results: Among the 1000 responses retrieved, 27% of the respondents felt moderately well informed about the dental implant treatment. Only 9% of the respondents had dental implant treatment before and 17% felt well informed about the different alternatives of replacing missing teeth. Dentists were the main source of information regarding dental implant treatment modality followed by friends and electronic media. A total of 55.6% of the respondents felt implant to be as good as own teeth in function, whereas high cost was the major limiting factor for implant treatment. Conclusion: A total of 56% of Daman population were aware of dental implant as an alternative for replacing missing teeth. Necessary efforts and measures should be made to raise the awareness of dental implant treatment in the country.

Knowledge of oral health benefits of tea in an urban dental patient population

Aims: Much has been written about the health benefits of green tea in both the scientific and lay literature. The purpose of this cross-sectional survey study was to determine dental patient knowledge of the composition of green tea and attitudes regarding the potential oral health benefits of green tea consumption. Materials and Methods: A nine-item questionnaire, with several items in a multipart format, was distributed in paper and pencil form to a convenience sample of dental patients in the waiting area of an urban dental school. Data were entered into Qualtrics Research Suite software and analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square with significance at P

Prevalence of missing permanent teeth in 9-14 years dental patients in Sulaimani city - Radiographic study

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence of missing permanent teeth in a sample of dental patients.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: A total of 1133 digital OPG images, for students aged between 9-14 years, were retrieved from archived records. All the digital images were evaluated on the computer screen for determining the number, type and site of missing teeth in relation to age and sex.&#x0D; Results: The prevalence of hypodontia was 14.1% (6% for males, 8.1% for females) with no sex variation. Most cases (51.28%) with hypodontia had only one missing tooth (21.79% for males, 29.49% for females). The most commonly missing teeth were the maxillary lateral incisors (37.8%), followed by the mandibular second premolars (34.1%).&#x0D; Conclusion: High prevalence of missing teeth could be reported depending on OPG alone. Single tooth loss, maxillary jaw, and left side were the common features of missing permanent teeth in teenagers of our sample.

Pré-hipertensão, hipertensão arterial e fatores associados em pacientes odontológicos: estudo transversal na cidade de Santa Maria-RS, Brasil

INTRODUÇÃO: A hipertensão arterial sistêmica é um dos mais importantes fatores de risco de doenças cardiovasculares e uma das doenças crônicas mais prevalentes no Brasil e na população mundial.OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência de hipertensão e pré-hipertensão, fatores associados e adesão ao tratamento anti-hipertensivo em uma amostra de pacientes odontológicos de uma faculdade particular do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Participaram deste estudo 250 pacientes de ambos os gêneros, com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos. Foram obtidos dados demográficos, história de hipertensão arterial e outras doenças sistêmicas, informações sobre o uso de medicação anti-hipertensiva e tabagismo, e realizadas medidas antropométricas. A adesão ao tratamento foi avaliada pelo teste de Morisky e Green. Três aferições de pressão arterial foram realizadas por um Cirurgião-Dentista e a medição média das últimas duas tomadas foi utilizada na presente análise.RESULTADO: A idade média dos pacientes foi de 46,6 (±13,8) anos. Trinta por cento apresentavam pré-hipertensão e 36%, hipertensão arterial sistêmica. Destes, 28,9% não conheciam sua condição de hipertensão. A hipertensão mostrou associação estatisticamente significante com aumento da idade (p&lt;0,001) e diabetes (p=0,009). Dentre os pacientes em tratamento anti-hipertensivo, 58,1% não eram aderentes, enquanto 41,9% não estavam com a pressão arterial controlada.CONCLUSÃO: Na presente amostra, observou-se uma alta prevalência de pré-hipertensão e hipertensão não diagnosticadas, bem como alta taxa da doença não controlada. Estes resultados apontam para a importância da aferição da pressão arterial rotineiramente durante as visitas odontológicas.

Prevalence of Gingival Recession and its Associated Etiologic Factors: A Cross- Sectional Study

Background: Gingival recession, sometimes called root exposure, is a rather common clinical finding in adults. During recent years, a growing concern about an increase in gingival recession has been expressed by a number of dental clinicians all over the world. Studies on the incidence, prevalence, etiology and treatment of gingival recession have been published by various authors from different countries. However, representative information about the occurrence and risk factors of gingival recession in Indian population is limited. Objective: To determine prevalence, extent, severity and associated etiological factors of gingival recession in a sample of dental patients. Materials and Method: 511 subjects of either sex, aged 15 years and above were selected randomly and examined. Demographic data, dental complaints, deleterious oral habits, oral hygiene habits and detailed intraoral examination was done. Prevalence of gingival recession, its correlation to demographic data and etiological factors were examined. Results: The prevalence of gingival recession in the present study was 89.04%.Prevalence increased with increasing age. Tooth powders, tobacco and ash as dentifrice, deleterious habits like smokeless tobacco, pan and/or betelnut chewing, frenum pull, poor oral hygiene and periodontitis contributed significantly in increasing the prevalence of gingival recession. Conclusion: A high prevalence of gingival recession exists in dental patients in India. Etiology of gingival recession appears to be multifactorial.

Negative events and their potential risk of precipitating pathological forms of dental anxiety

The purpose of the present study was to assess which types of experiences are most closely associated with pathological forms of dental anxiety. Data came from a sample of dental patients ( n = 1462). Pathological dental anxiety was operationalized in two ways: (1) a score of ≥36 on the Short form of the Dental Anxiety Inventory (S-DAI; high dental anxiety, HDA), or (2) fulfilling the screening criteria of specific phobia (DSM-IV-TR; dental phobia, DP). A wide variety of dental experiences appeared to be significantly related with both HDA and DP, while general traumatic experiences were not. No differences were found between women and men. Retrospective accounts of dental experiences involving helplessness were most strongly associated with having HDA [OR = 8.2] and positive screens of DP [OR = 16.2]. The results suggest that disruptive emotional and interoceptive reactions during dental treatment (particularly helplessness) have the greatest potential risk of precipitating pathological forms of dental anxiety.

The effect of perceived value and overall satisfaction on loyalty: A study among dental patients

This paper considers each of the concepts of perceived value, overall satisfaction and loyalty. These issues have been extensively considered in various service situations but to a much lesser extent in dental practice. The extant service marketing literature is used to develop a theoretically based model arguing for identified interactions that are formalised in research hypotheses. Research is conducted via a postal survey among a sample of dental patients and a total of 122 valid replies are obtained. Mediated regression is used to determine the effect of perceived value and overall satisfaction on loyalty. Results indicate a partially mediated effect with perceived value having both a direct effect on loyalty as well as an indirect effect via satisfaction. The theoretical implications of the results are considered and suggestions for dentistry practices to improve customer satisfaction and loyalty are made. The limitations of the study are also noted and possible directions for future research are ind...