Safety Of Residential Areas Research Articles

Gendered perceptions and socio-economic and spatial determinants of fear of crime: an empirical analysis in Szczecin, Poland

The study of the fear of crime phenomenon provides a socially and politically important research question. Many studies show that gender differentiates the fear of crime, which is why we examine this phenomenon in a spatial perspective. The female versus male perspective of feelings of safety in residential areas were significantly different. The research was carried out using the CAWI technique in the city of Szczecin, in Poland (n=346). The research also examined which factors influenced the fear of crime the most: darkness, socio-economic characteristics, type of violations, number of registered crimes, or the assessment of police work. The research shows that women aged 19–25 are the group that reports the highest fear of crime. They are generally better educated, work or study, but often come from peripheral rural areas, and their current place of residence is little known. Activities aimed at building a sense of security in local communities should therefore be addressed to a wide demographic spectrum of recipients, but with emphasis on young females. A very interesting result from the research is the relationship between fear of crime and the opinion of residents about the effectiveness of police work, where the study reports that the better the assessment of police work, the lower the fear of crime.

Assessing Safety Level of Affordable Housing Based on Safe City Concepts

Safety of residential areas, especially affordable housing has become an important aspect, and has been listed as part of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) initiatives by the United Nation (UN). Several initiatives on measuring the safety level have been proposed, including Safe City Index 2019, Safe City Program, Defensible Space Concept, crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED), Smart Sustainable Cities, etc. However, some of these initiatives focus only on crime, others focus on steps to improve safety and other models that are broader but not specific to safety. Besides that, these models place less emphasis on the aspects of spatial assessment, especially the safety level assessment based on affordable housing location in Malaysia. To handle these issues, this study’s aim is to enhance current indicators to assess the safety level of affordable housing, using Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia as a case study area. This study identified 6 indicators; crime, safety and security, infrastructure security, accessibility, natural disaster, and health security. Spatial analysis was done based on the indicators, and from the results, it shows that almost all of the affordable housing score are more than 50%, with the highest score is 76.50%, and the lowest score is 44.7%. This indicator can be used as a basis to assess the safety level of affordable housing, especially in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Ensuring the environmental safety of residential areas of settlements based on the monitoring of acidic impurities in the atmospheric air кислых примесей в атмосфере

Objectives. Purpose Monitoring of acidic impurities in the atmospheric air of residential areas of settlements is one of the areas of ensuring their environmental safety and is officially carried out at 221 stations in the Russian Federation in the study of atmospheric precipitation.Method. In areas where they are minimal, the author proposes an alternative method for assessing environmental pollution based on the preparation of aerosol suspensions. The purpose of this work was to study the acidity index (pH) of aerosol suspensions (washing off aerosols from the leaves of apricot trees (Prunus armeniaca) obtained in the Srednyaya Akhtuba region (Sredneakhtubinsky district of the Volgograd region) in the spring-summer of 2020.Result. The results of the research demonstrated acidic aerosols ( pH = 5.32 + 0.01) in the atmospheric air rp Srednyaya Akhtuba in comparison with the conditionally clean zone (SNT "Oroshenets", "Shelf"), (pH = 6.39 + 0.02) The data indicate environmental pollution and on environmental risks for the population.Conclusion. Acidic impurities in the atmosphere of the middle Akhtuba region in comparison with the conditionally clean zone (SNT "Oroshenets", "Shelf"), which indicates environmental risks for the population. sources of pollution in residential areas of the settlement of Srednyaya Akhtuba and to develop environmental measures to protect the population from acidic impurities contained in aerosols, which requires further study of the territory.

Electromagnetic safety: from objects passportization to the state of territories analysis

The development of radio electronic means leads to an increase in the intensity of the electromagnetic field, which can have an impact on human health. In this regard, the urgency of the task of assessing safety by the electromagnetic factor increases. The principles of conducting an examination of electromagnetic safety (EMS) of radio-electronic equipment (REE) for various purposes are discussed in accordance with the requirements of current normative documents, as well as the requirements of ISO/IEC 98: 2008 and GOST R 54500-2011. A number of new concepts are considered, which are prescribed to be used to estimate the uncertainty of the initial data and the new data, as well as the final recommendations for the examination. A number of new concepts are considered, which are prescribed to be used to assess the uncertainty of the initial data and the new data obtained. Recommendations for the examination are given. It is noted that for large urban megalopolises, the transition from certification of individual radio-electronic devices to the compilation of maps illustrating the electromagnetic safety of residential areas is relevant. It is noted that for megalopolises, the transition from certification of individual REE to the compilation of maps illustrating the EMS of residential areas is relevant. The expediency of the transition from certification of REEs to mapping of territories by the EMS factor is shown on the example of examination of a large shopping mall in one of the regional centers of Russia.

Experimental Study of Radon Content in Networked Natural Gas under the Conditions of Yakutsk

Analyzed the problem of radon safety in residential areas with gas stoves of various companies. Volumetric radon concentrations were obtained and annual dose rates were calculated. Measurements were carried out with two instruments: on the radon gauge Alpha Guard and on the PPA-01M-03 manufactured by NTM - Protection. Samples of networked natural gas for measurement were taken using an air sampler [1], [2]. A device and methods for sampling methane from domestic gas cookers in the conditions of the city of Yakutsk have been developed. The sampler consists of a silicone hose with a tubular tip with a solid cap. Silicone hose attached to the standard air sampler with two fittings of the company NTM Protection. The divider and the burner are removed from the tile; the tube with the cap is pressed tightly against the iron gas-conducting pipe. The methane launch valve opens to the stove. A flexible tube is put on the loose fitting and lowered into a bowl of water to control the gas outlet. Experimentally chosen time to achieve the maximum volumetric concentration of radon in the sampler for air. The obtained value of radon volumetric activity is: 116 ± 27 Bq/m3

A Study on the Recognition of Fire Safety in Residential Areas of North Korean Defectors

A Study on the Recognition of Fire Safety in Residential Areas of North Korean Defectors

Life-Stage and Mobility: An Exploratory GPS Study of Mobility in Multigenerational Families, Ahmedabad, India

As the population of older adults in India grows, research is needed to plan a sustainable future for India’s older adults. This article reports results from a Global Positioning System (GPS)–based pilot study that examined the mobility of middle-class, older adults living in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. Using mobility as a lens through which to examine the lives of older adults, we map potential research and identify policy areas of interest considering older adults in urban India. The study explores the role of life stage in mobility as well as the effects of gender and urban environment on mobility. Using this distinctive perspective on day-to-day life, we propose themes through which, using policy and planning tools, the living environments of older adults in Indian cities can be improved. These policy measures include focusing on walkability and pedestrian safety in residential areas and building on existing mixed land use to create high accessibility to goods and services in urban environments.

English

The relationship between plants and perceived safety in residential areas has been argued by landscape researchers, but there is inadequate or no relevant literature available on the effect of plants in urban parks’ safety. Therefore, a photo-questionnaire survey was conducted among urban park users in Tabriz, Iran to gauge the perceived safety of landscape scene with diverse types of texture to discover its effectiveness, especially in relation to the content of the scene. The survey was composed of 296 participants in November, 2012. The result suggested that landscape scene with vast aspect and physical access was perceived safer than the scene with crowded plants and blocked view. The findings demonstrated that a scene without lawn and water is perceived to be less safe than a scene with lawn and features of water. Moreover, landscape scene with more plant species was unsafe as compared to a scene with fewer plant species. This study proved that a landscape designed with ground cover such as lawn, grass and water feature implies increment of perceived safety in urban parks. Likewise, landscape designers should avoid crowded planting in areas, which obstructs visibility in urban parks and reduces perceived safety. The results expand the application of routine activity (RA) theory in park landscape design in Tabriz, Iran. Key words: Urban parks, landscape content and perceived safety.

Analysis of Streetlight Illuminance in Residential Areas in Kuala Lumpur

Safety in residential areas, especially at night is essential as the economy and population rises. Streetlight enhances the safety level in residential areas. The purpose of this paper is to examine the actual measurement of streetlight illuminance at night and perceptions of residents on aspects related to streetlight illuminance by a questionnaire survey. Three residential areas were selected namely Taman Dato′ Keramat (TK) (comprising mainly old detached houses), Kampung Pasir (KP) (mainly traditional village houses) and Petaling Jaya (PJ) (modern detached houses). The average streetlight illuminance at all measurement points in the TK area was 7.0lx, the KP area 15.9lx and the PJ area 6.9lx. Consideration regarding the layout of trees and streetlights is also addressed in this paper. It was found that residents′ perceptions concerning the brightness of streetlights corresponded with the measurement results in the KP area, whereas, it did not in the TK and PJ areas because of the high frequency of low illuminance points. Obviously, the number of low illuminance points should be reduced so that residents will feel safe. At least two-thirds of the respondents who expressed ″very bright″ or ″bright″ about the streetlight illuminance felt that their residential areas are ″very safe″ or ″safe″.