Safety Education Materials Research Articles

The effects of flipped learning and gamification on nursing students’ patient safety education: A mixed method study

BackgroundThe importance of enhancing education to promote nursing students’ patient safety competency is increasing. Hence, implementing diverse educational programs and assessing their outcomes is essential. ObjectivesTo examine the effects of flipped learning and gamification on nursing students’ patient safety education. DesignA mixed-method design employing a quasi-experimental design with a pre-post control group design and qualitative thematic analysis. MethodsThe study was conducted at a South Korean university in W City from September to December 2022. It included 55 s-year nursing students. The experimental group (n = 28) participated in a 30-h patient safety education course using flipped learning and gamification, whereas the control group (n = 27) received only written patient safety education materials. Learning motivation, collective efficacy, patient safety competency, and game evaluations were measured. Data were analyzed using the χ2 test, Fisher's exact test, t-test, repeated-measures multivariate analysis of covariance, repeated measure analysis of covariance, and generalized estimating equations. Self-reflection journals on game participation experiences were analyzed using qualitative thematic analysis. ResultsLearning motivation scores did not differ significantly between groups for time, or interactions between groups and time, but collective efficacy and patient safety competency scores showed significant differences in the interactions between groups and time. The experimental group showed a high satisfaction score in game evaluation. Qualitative analyses were used to extract four themes—three positives: “fun and immersion differentiated from existing classes,” “improved the learning outcomes and learning motivation,” and “realized the value of collaboration and communication,” and one negative: “feeling down due to unfamiliarity.” ConclusionsThis program creates positive learning experiences and enhances nursing students’ collective efficacy and patient-safety competencies. It is expected to be utilized in various future nursing courses.

Firearm access and dementia: A qualitative study of reported behavioral disturbances and responses.

Cognitive impairment and behavioral changes associated with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRDs) can impair safe firearm handling ability, an issue that can be challenging for ADRD caregivers to address. In this qualitative analysis, we sought to explore behavioral disruptions that raise concerns about firearm access in dementia and how caregivers react and respond. Secondary qualitative analysis using data from semi-structured, one-on-one interviews originally conducted as part of a study to develop firearm safety educational materials for ADRD caregivers. Interviewees were English-speaking adults (≥18 years) from three stakeholder groups: ADRD caregivers (professional or informal), medical professionals (geriatricians, neurologists), and firearm professionals (retailers, range employees, instructors). For secondary analysis, transcripts of interviews were recoded and analyzed after an inductive-deductive thematic analysis process. Among 24 participants, 17 (70%) were female and 20 (83%) white; 13 (54%) had personal or professional experience with ADRD caregiving; and 5 (21%) had a firearm affiliation. Major themes were: (1) behavioral disturbances that make caregivers concerned about firearm access; (2) caregiver emotional responses to and difficulties associated with these disturbances; and (3) caregiver actions (planned or actual) to limit firearms access. Various behavioral disturbances and emotional burdens can trigger ADRD caregiver concern about firearms access, but strategies exist for restricting or safeguarding firearms in the home. Study findings suggest a need for caregiver support on this topic, including counseling by healthcare providers, advance planning for older firearm owners, and development of community resources.

관광객의 감염병 인식이 지각된 위험, 지각된 가치, 관광 태도, 그리고 관광 의도에 미치는 영향

This study aims to analyze the effects of tourists’ perception of infectious diseases on perceived risk, perceived value, tourism attitude, and tourism intention and measure to cope with the disaster and damage of infectious diseases. The results of this study are as follows. First, the perception of infectious diseases has a partially negative(-) effect on the perceived risk. Second, the perception of infectious diseases has a positive(+) effect on the perceived value. Third, perceived risk has a partially negative(-) effect on tourism attiude, Fourth, perceived value has a partially positive(+) on tourism attitude. Fifth, all perceived risk has a partially negative(-) effect on tourism intention. Sixth, economic value, social value, and emotional value have a positive(+) effect on tourism intention, and cognitive value has a negative(-) effect on tourism intention. Finally, tourism attitude has a positive(+) effect on tourism intention. The implication of this study are as follows. First, effective response to infectious diseases begins with the establishment of an appropriate response system. It is proposed to further strengthen cooperation between countries on infectious diseases and to operate the ‘Infectious Disease Notification Warning Policy’, and utilize each level’s action items as a manual to be used as travel safety education materials. Second, from the end of COVID-19, there will be ‘Pent-up effects’. Tourism industries should restore tourism services and establish countermeasures. Third, due to the influence of COVID-19, people's lifestyle and travel habits are changing significantly. With the decrease in outdoor activities and the increase in individual and small-scale travel, group package travel methods like in the past have become less preferred. It is necessary to develop courses such as walking, healing, and traveling alone to meet this demand. Fourth, as the demand for non-face-to-face (Untact) safe travel increases, the tourism industry is also flowing into non-face-to-face formats using ICT. It will be necessary to develop online travel services by utilizing technologies such as VR, AR, and hologram, and to develop a future-oriented tourism system by expanding the online platform business. Finally, health and medical infrastructure and related systems are needed to prepare for the new infectious diseases that will come in the future by government agencies and local governments. I hope this study will serve as an opportunity to overcome the serious damage and crisis of the current infectious disease and to present milestone in preparation for the infectious diseases in days to come.

Veterans, Firearms, and Suicide: Safe Storage Prevention Policy and the PREVENTS Roadmap.

US veterans die by suicide at a higher rate than that of the civilian population and are more likely to use a firearm as their method. Systemic efforts to address the use of firearms in suicide had been largely evaded. In June 2020, the White House published the Roadmap to Empower Veterans and End the National Tragedy of Suicide (PREVENTS) task force report, which verified the link between, and the need to address, at-risk veterans and their access to firearms. This paper reviews the literature on the intersection of veterans, firearms, and suicide, then explores existing VA prevention initiatives aimed at reducing at-risk veterans' access to lethal means and offers policy recommendations to expand efforts in the context of the PREVENTS Roadmap. The PREVENTS report recommends widespread distribution of safety education materials that encourage at-risk individuals to temporarily transfer or store their guns safely and the expansion of free or affordable options for storing weapons. Recommended policy actions to accomplish this goal include delaying access to firearms for at-risk veterans, facilitating temporary storage out of the home, improving in-home safe storage options, requiring that health care providers who care for high-risk veterans are trained in lethal means safety counseling, and creating campaigns to shift cultural norms for firearms' storage during crises. Suicide prevention requires a multimodal approach, and attention to firearms access must become a more salient component. The high rate of veteran suicides involving firearms requires far-reaching interventions at societal, institutional, community, family, and individual levels.

Food Safety Regulations for Childcare Programs: State Agency Perspectives

Regulations for childcare facilities vary greatly in terms of licenses, services provided, times of operation, and type of care offered. Food safety regulations are determined by each state and they can differ depending on the type of childcare operation (childcare centers and in-home operations). Determining differences between food safety regulations for childcare centers and in-home operations is important to establish food safety education and training needs specific to each setting. Therefore, the purpose of this project was to identify food safety regulations of both center and in-home childcare operations through a questionnaire distributed to personnel responsible for the Child and Adult Care Food Program in each of the 50 states. A total of 41 representatives from 29 states completed the questionnaire. Different state agencies and personnel were involved in the regulation and licensing of childcare facilities. Personnel from most states reported having different opening requirements and food safety regulations between childcare centers and in-home childcare operations. The difference reported most often was the requirement for childcare centers to follow public state and local food safety regulations, while in-home operations are not required to follow these regulations. In-home operations are subject to licensing standards alone—or they have no regulations at all—in most of the responding states. However, similar food safety concerns and needs for education and training were reported for centers and in-home operations. Results from this study are intended to inform the future development of food safety education and training materials for childcare facilities.

An Intervention to Reduce Bicycle Injuries among Middle School Students in Rural China.

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention to reduce bicycle injuries among rural middle school students in China. A one-year cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted with seventh grade students from six middle schools in two towns in rural Chaoshan, China. The two towns were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. Road safety education materials, two lectures on road safety, and a series of health education activities were delivered to 1312 students in the intervention group over one year, and the content of the intervention included traffic safety knowledge, methods of preventing bicycle injury and management of bicycle injuries. Questionnaires weere administered to the two groups before and after the intervention to measure the incidence, cognitions, and behaviors related to bicycle injuries. The pre-intervention incidence of bicycle injuries exhibited no significant difference between the two groups, while the difference reached significance after the intervention (χ2 = 13.409, p < 0.001). In the intervention group, the incidence decreased significantly after the intervention (χ2 = 8.137, p = 0.004), while no significant change was observed in the control group. Publicity and education intervention measures have certain short-term effects on the prevention of bicycle injuries among rural middle school students; we should approach intervention measures according to the characteristics of traffic injuries in different areas.

Firefighting Capacity Assessment in Armed Forces Hospitals

As the general public begin to attach greater importance to the firefighting capacities of large public infrastructures, it is high time for an overhaul of the medical, leisure and teaching infrastructures and so on concerning their firefighting capacities. In response to the especially drastic increase in the demands for medical resources, armed forces hospitals are being opened to the public for medical and teaching purposes. In order to meet the daily needs and maintain their operations in a sustainable manner, these hospitals have gone through many spatial and furnishing alterations, hence the changes in their original constructional and fire protection design. These changes, however, might lead to an increase in the risk factors. With Taoyuan Armed Forced General Hospital, which is fairly large in size, as the fireground for the simulation, and the previous cases of fire in the hospital as the basis for the numerical simulation analysis, this study is set out mainly to investigate and validate the impacts of the firefighting facilities (which are consistent with the fire codes and regulations) on the efforts of the people inside the hospital to escape from a fire under such a variety of circumstances as when the space is closed, open, or as the fire sources change in nature and position. Compartmentalization and precautions are used in the process to minimize fire losses. The main objective of this study is to develop some fire safety education materials for such public places as government organizations and schools.

Promoting road safety.

Where are they going, the couple on the motorbike that adorns this issue’s cover? Somewhere exciting, no doubt, and at great speed, with the wind billowing through the man’s scarf and the woman’s hair. They are young and free, making the most of 1960s Britain, about to roar past the viewer and off into the distance. Wherever they are going, this 1969 road safety poster tells us, they are getting there safely—because they are wearing their safety helmets (see article for fig. 1). This image is a fitting one for the cover of a special issue devoted to the international history of road safety, not least because safety education—using persuasive methods to try to convince people to change their behavior and act more safely—has been deployed for over 100 years and has reached virtually every nation in the world. It represents a particular approach to road safety, though by no means the only one; engineering, training, and enforcement solutions often run alongside educative campaigns. Yet as artifacts, road safety education materials like this poster tell us a lot about prevalent perceptions of danger and people’s interactions with automotive technologies, and about responsibilities for managing risks in everyday life. How should dangers posed by particular technologies be addressed? Who should be responsible for protecting individuals? What role, if any, should the state play? In Britain, the educative approach to preventing deaths and injuries was well established by 1969. Drawing on the American “Safety First” movement, safety education was introduced into the workplace by the railway industry in 1913. It soon spread across other industries and other areas of society—chiefly road safety, from 1917, but also home safety after 1930. A huge range of methods were used: posters, booklets, films, songs, exhibitions, children’s games, safety quizzes and competitions, “safety weeks,” staged crashes to raise awareness, talks, and messages printed on bookmarks, cigarette cards, milk bottle tops, and even on Christmas wrapping paper and bars of soap. Hundreds of millions of items have been produced and disseminated over the last 100 years in Britain alone, making safety education a massively significant sociocultural phenomenon.... Language: en

Consumer Education Needed on Norovirus Prevention and Control: Findings from a Nationally Representative Survey of U.S. Adults

Noroviruses (NoVs) are the leading cause of foodborne disease in the United States; however, little is known about consumers' knowledge of NoV infection and their understanding of how to prevent and control associated illness. A nationally representative Web-enabled panel survey of U.S. adults (n = 1,051) was conducted to collect information on consumers' awareness and knowledge of NoVs. Respondents who had heard of NoVs were asked 22 true-and-false questions on the transmission, prevention, and control of NoVs. Forty-seven percent of respondents reported awareness of NoVs, and 85% of respondents had heard of the terms "cruise ship virus," "the stomach bug," or "the stomach flu," which are commonly used to describe NoVs. Of those respondents who had previously heard of NoV or other terms used by consumers to describe NoV (n = 948), 36% correctly answered 11 or more of the 22 true-and-false questions, suggesting that consumers have limited knowledge on how to prevent and control NoV infection. Most consumers do not understand that the primary mode of transmission for NoV infection is fecal to oral, and many have the misperception that meat and poultry are sources of NoV infection. There is the need to educate consumers about how to prevent and control NoV infection. Although there is a proliferation of food safety education materials available, most focus on foodborne bacteria rather than viruses. The survey results will be used to revise existing consumer food safety educational materials to include information on NoV prevention and control.

Implementation and Assessment of Food Safety Educational Materials for Secondary and Postsecondary Education

AbstractPrevious studies have reported on the inadequacy of youth knowledge and practice of food safety principles. The formal high school science classroom environment presents an opportunity to stimulate interest and increase knowledge in food safety with potential benefits to students in improved science literacy, development of life skills, and greater awareness of career opportunities. Previously developed educational materials, Foodborne Illness Outbreak Investigations for Food Safety Education, were evaluated for instruction by high school and community college science educators of various subject matters including foods, microbiology, disease, and chemistry courses. Educator feedback was favorable on measures of quality, implementation ease, and student engagement, with ratings greater than 3 on a 5‐point scale corresponding to “good” to “excellent.” A positive change in familiarity with food safety concepts for 4 groups of students, representing approximately 77% of the participants, was demonstrated by an overall increase, ranging from 4% to 14%, in correct responses to a test administered before and after exposure to the materials. There was variation in degree of change and the topics positively impacted for student groups by subject matter.

Development, Dissemination, and Preimplementation Evaluation of Food Safety Educational Materials for Secondary Education

Abstract: With the persistence of microbiological foodborne illness and anticipated future shortage of scientists with agricultural and food science expertise in the United States, it is imperative to educate youth on microbiological food safety and enhance their awareness of opportunities to become engaged in finding solutions to food safety challenges. To help integrate food science education across the high school curriculum, new educational materials on microbiological food safety were developed and then disseminated to and evaluated by educators of secondary basic and applied sciences. The materials present food safety concepts in the context of foodborne illness outbreaks to introduce basic concepts of food microbiology, epidemiology, and food safety strategies as well as their broad impact on economics, communication, and regulations. The ready‐to‐implement educational materials support educational content standards and various learning styles and encourage critical thinking skills. The materials include a presentation on food microbiology and foodborne illness surveillance, case studies on foodborne illness outbreaks, a video on the laboratory investigation of foodborne illness, interactive web‐based activities, and supporting materials for teachers and classroom display. Exposure to the materials in a 1‐d workshop positively impacted educator familiarity with general microbiology, food safety strategies, regulatory requirements, and associated terminology as measured by a test administered prior to and after use of the materials. Teachers of biology, chemistry, family and consumer sciences, and related sciences rated the materials favorably on applicability, anticipated ease of implementation, and anticipated reception by students.

Food safety training and evaluation of handwashing intention among fresh produce farm workers

Food safety training is mainly focused towards food service establishments. Therefore, this paper aims to develop food safety educational and training materials for fresh produce farm workers. The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) model was used to investigate handwashing intentions among fresh produce farm workers. The findings in this study showed an immediate increase in knowledge gained between pre- and post-training, suggesting that the educational and training programme was successful in improving food safety knowledge of participants. The overall farm food safety knowledge gain was significant at t(41) = −6.95, p < 0.001. Generally, all the participants preferred the You Tube video and hand hygiene demonstration, reiterating the fact that practical and hands-on sessions will create a much more vivid experience for workers. The TPB has provided a useful framework for understanding fresh produce farm workers’ adherence to hand hygiene practices where the multiple regression model explained approximately 57% of the variance in handwashing intention (p < 0.001). Furthermore, perceived behavioural control was identified as the significant predictor of handwashing intention (p < 0.001). This suggests that participants were more likely to wash hands before harvesting or packing fresh produce when they perceived fewer barriers to wash hands. The findings here also suggest that for handwashing behaviour, intention is not considered to be wholly within the fresh produce farm workers’ control as the working environment is different from a food service establishment which have easier access to handwashing facilities and potable water at all times.

Fire in Labor and Delivery: Simulation Case Scenario

Fire in Labor and Delivery: Simulation Case Scenario

Dieticians' Perception of Safety Supervision in Institutional Foodservices (II) - Status of Safety System and Safety Education -

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of the safety system and safety education in institu-tional foodservices in the Changwon and Masan areas. The survey was conducted from February 1 to March 31, 2009 via questionnaires that were sent to 300 dietitians, and 142 dietitians responded. It was determined that most of the safety managers were ‘dietitians (87.1%)’, whereas facilities/equipment managers consisted of ‘dietitians (45.7%)’, ‘department of facilities management in the organization (36.4%)’ and ‘outsourced com-pany of facilities management (17.9%)’. Out of the 11 safety practices, seven safety practices showed less than 50% of total implementation ratio, which meant that the safety systems were not functioning properly. Except for ‘non-skid shoes (85.9%)’, other safety equipment was seldom used. The survey respondents recog-nized that safety education was very necessary (4.47 points); however, they responded so-so (3.46 points) to the question of whether or not the actual frequency and time spent on safety education were enough. The average time spent on safety education was 28 minutes 11 seconds. Regarding the difficulties in performing safety education, ‘not many safety education materials and media (3.44 points)’, ‘not many varieties in the subjects and contents for safety education (3.40 points)’, and ‘not much organizational support on safety edu-cation (3.33 points)’ showed higher scores than ‘lack of education time due to workload (3.20 points)’. The following were cited as education materials that should be developed as it is currently difficult to obtain rele-vant information and data: ‘root causes of musculoskeletal injury and preventive measures (15.8%)’, ‘healthcare and disease preventive exercises for employees who do simple and repetitive works (14.9%)’, and ‘instruction on safe handling of chemicals (12.7%)’

The Development of the Residential Fire H.E.L.P. Tool Kit

This article describes the development of the Fire H.E.L.P. tool kit for training selected Meals On Wheels (MOW) staff in Texas to implement a fire safety program for homebound older adults. We used a formative evaluation approach during the tool kit's development, testing, and initial implementation stages. The tool kit includes instructional curricula on how to implement Fire H.E.L.P., a home assessment tool to determine a residence's smoke alarm needs, and fire safety educational materials. During the tool kit's pilot test, MOW participants showed enhanced fire safety knowledge and high levels of confidence about applying their newfound training skills. After the pilot test, MOW staff used the tool kit to conduct local training sessions, provide fire safety education, and install smoke alarms in the homes of older adults. We believe the approach used to develop this tool kit can be applied to education efforts for other, related healthy home topics.

Young Worker Occupational Safety and Health Educational Materials: A Resource List

Young Worker Occupational Safety and Health Educational Materials: A Resource List

Young Worker Occupational Safety and Health Educational Materials: A Resource List

Young Worker Occupational Safety and Health Educational Materials: A Resource List

Race and Ethnic Differences in a Multicenter Study of Home Safety With Vouchers Redeemable for Free Safety Devices

Most injuries to infants occur at home and are known to have a modifiable component. Additional information on safety behaviors, practices, and device ownership could inform prevention programs aimed at reducing injury-related race and ethnic disparities. This study is a secondary data analysis of race and ethnic differences in home safety using data collected by the Connecticut, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Minnesota, and New York sites of the Injury Free Coalition for Kids. Study participants were English- and Spanish-speaking parents/guardians of infants aged 4 months to 6 months. All participants received a voucher redeemable for free safety devices and educational materials. Five hundred forty-two study participants were 37.8% black, 41.7% Hispanic, 10.5% white, and 10.0% other race. Whites more frequently owned/had safety devices including cabinet latches (chi2 =28.9, p < 0.0001), drawer latches (chi2 =21.4, p < 0.0001), bath thermometers (chi2 =22.5, p < 0.0001), electric outlet covers (chi2 =15.9, p = 0.0004), and poison control number (chi 2=93.8, p < 0.0001). Practice of unsafe behaviors, such as stomach sleep position, was higher in blacks (29.3%) than whites (15.8%) or Hispanics (17.7%) (chi2 =11.8, p < 0.0083). Overall, 62.1% redeemed vouchers, but this varied significantly by ethnicity: blacks (42.2%), non-Hispanic whites (64.6%), and Hispanics (76.3%) (chi2 = 48.5, p < 0.0001). Compared with whites, both blacks and Hispanics were less likely to own a variety of safety devices at baseline, but Hispanics were more likely than blacks to redeem vouchers. This one shot voucher program was effective at increasing device ownership, but was not sufficient alone to achieve population saturation of safety devices.

Use of a Safety Resource Center in a Pediatric Emergency Department

To describe the use of a safety resource center (SRC) within a pediatric emergency department (ED) about injury prevention (IP) counseling, sales, costs, and parental responses to the services. The SRC was established in June 2005 in the waiting area of an urban pediatric ED caring for approximately 96,000 patients annually. Safety resource center staff sells products of proven efficacy (eg, car seats, smoke alarms, and bike helmets) and offers safety education materials to patients and families. Activities including sales, educational content provided, types of inquiries from families, and overall satisfaction with the service were logged into a Microsoft Access database. Follow-up phone calls are made to all families 3 weeks after they purchase a product. Between June 20, 2005 and July 1, 2007, the SRC served approximately 13,000 families. Seven hundred eighty-six families purchased 816 products, generating $14,859. An additional 473 products were given away, totaling 1289 product items provided to families. The most commonly purchased items were car safety seats and bicycle helmets. Roughly 7000 IP-related brochures were distributed to ED families, and 120 car seats were fitted. Of the 786 families who made a purchase, 383 (49%) were reached for follow-up. Ninety-seven percent reported to still be using the purchased product, and 28% made a different change in the home to practice safer behaviors. Ninety-five percent were grateful that the SRC was located in the ED. The SRC can provide IP product, encourage families to practice safer behaviors, and is well-received within a large, urban pediatric ED.

Development and assessment of pilot food safety educational materials and training strategies for Hispanic workers in the mushroom industry using the Health Action Model

Evaluation of program impact is needed to show the worth of a program. There are few studies of training program impact on food safety behaviors within food production and processing settings. Our research objectives were to develop, implement and evaluate a pilot food safety educational program for Hispanic workers in the mushroom industry using the results of a needs assessment and elements from the knowledge and motivational systems of the Health Action Model (HAM). The impact of three independent variables was tested in the pilot test: (1) The food safety educational lessons (knowledge system); (2) the supervisors acting as role models and food safety rules encouragers (motivational system – expectancy & instrumentality); and (3) a monetary incentive (motivational system – valence). The dependent variables (behaviors), included three different handwashing opportunities plus jewelry and hairnet usage. The educational lessons alone produced a significant increase in knowledge and handwashing after using the restroom. With supervisor post lesson enforcement, handwashing before work and after breaks also increased significantly. No effect of the monetary incentive was observed. Thus, training must be followed by supervisory personnel enforcement of behavioral rules. Management support of the supervisory role will increase the success in any food safety program within the industry. Based on these findings the HAM model can serve as a guide to develop customized food safety educational materials at a variety of different settings and target audiences in food production facilities.