Safeguard Patient Safety Research Articles

The Impact of Mock Code Blue Drills on Staff Confidence Levels in the Outpatient Setting a Quality Improvement Project in Abu Dhabi

Data shows sudden cardiac arrest is still one of the leading causes of death in Europe and the United States (Berdowski et al., 2010). Healthcare professionals must provide immediate and proper resuscitation, which directly impacts the patient likelihood of survival. Mock code drills play a pivotal role in healthcare education and training, by enhancing the participants' confidence levels. This increased confidence, in turn, contributes to improved clinical performance and patient outcomes. Within the hospital setting, resources and personnel are readily available in the event of a medical emergency, however in the outpatient setting the stakes may be higher due to lessened resources and manpower (Urman, Punwani and Shapiro, 2012). To date, there is very little research surrounding medical emergencies in the outpatient settings, this highlights the need for further investigation as cardiac arrest is a high risk low volume emergency that many healthcare professionals feel unprepared and ill equipped for (Monachino et al., 2019). This Quality Improvement (QI) project explored the impact of mock code blue drills on healthcare professional’s confidence levels in the outpatient setting. Over three months, monthly code blue drills were conducted in two separate outpatient locations. Staff involved in this QI completed a pre and post drill survey consisting of nine statement with five-point Likert scaling assessing their confidence levels. Results in this QI showed an overall improvement in the confidence of clinical staff after taking part in mock code blue drills. There were limitations to this QI including a low response rate, small sample size, as well as external factors such as a faulty public announcement system impacting the drills. Future recommendations include increased frequency of drills, qualitative research to explore staff’s perceptions and high-quality simulation equipment. Code blue drills should be completed every three months to safeguard patient safety and promote staff responsiveness in a true cardiac arrest event.

Clinical Application and Risk Assessment of CAR-T Cell Technology in Cancer Immunotherapy

As a cutting-edge personalized treatment method, CAR-T cell technology transforms patients' own T cells through genetic engineering, making them have the ability to specifically identify and kill tumor cells. The aim of this paper is to thoroughly organize the foundational principles and clinical utility of CAR-T cell technology, highlighting its recent advancements in treating both hematological and solid tumors. Through a comprehensive assessment of CAR-T cell technology's efficacy and risks, this study aims to inform clinical decision-making. Initially, the paper outlines the basic mechanisms of CAR-T cell technology, followed by an analysis of its notable therapeutic outcomes in hematological tumors. Additionally, it addresses the challenges posed by solid tumor treatment, including antigen expression complexity and tumor microenvironment impact. Emphasis is placed on the crucial role of regulatory bodies in enhancing oversight and developing risk management strategies to safeguard patient safety.

Crothall Healthcare Clinical Engineering Information Technology at the University of Cincinnati Health

This article highlights the critical role of Crothall Healthcare’s clinical engineering information technology (CEIT) department in ensuring cybersecurity and efficiency in healthcare facilities focusing on its partnership with UCHealth in Cincinnati, Ohio. It underscores the importance of cybersecurity in healthcare, outlines CEIT’s responsibilities, and addresses the multifaceted challenges they encounter. CEIT’s work is essential in safeguarding patient safety and healthcare data integrity in an increasingly technology-driven healthcare landscape.

Nosocomial Outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 in a Hospital Ward during the Omicron Variant-Dominant Wave with a Review of the Relevant Literature.

Clusters of nosocomial coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been reported globally during the recent pandemic. Unfortunately, these clusters negatively affect inpatient morbidity, mortality, and hospital functioning. Using epidemiological data and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of SARS-CoV-2, this study investigated the outbreak of COVID-19 at a university hospital. Eight inpatients and 13 healthcare workers tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 during a 1-month period. WGS of the virus in 11 patients revealed that the two variants of concern belonging to the Omicron sublineages, BA.2.3 and BA1.1.2, caused an outbreak when the proportion of the Omicron lineage in the community changed. When variants of concern undergo mutation, a response to the outbreak should be made with multiple variants in mind, even in the absence of epidemiological data showing close contact or other potential vectors of infection. Awareness of infection prevention and control should be raised to safeguard patient safety.

Pharmacists at the Forefront: Identifying and Addressing Prescription Errors in Outpatient Settings of Tertiary Care Hospitals in Pakistan

Objective: The study sought to quantify the frequency and categorize the types of prescribing errors occurring in outpatient settings while evaluating the efficacy of pharmacist interventions in mitigating such errors. Methodology: This study was a cross-sectional, retrospective interventional study conducted over a one-year period from September 1, 2017, to August 31, 2018, at the outpatient departments of one government and one private tertiary care hospital in Hyderabad, Pakistan. A total of 2,552 outpatient prescriptions were randomly collected and evaluated by the researchers to identify prescribing errors, using the British National Formulary (BNF) as a reference guide. The study rigorously adhered to the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) guidelines, ensuring comprehensive reporting, transparency in methodology, analysis, and interpretation of the observational research findings Results: The collected data were analyzed using chi-square tests in SPSS version 25 to assess statistical significance. Among the 2,552 outpatient prescriptions examined, 12,501 (40.4%) prescribing errors were identified. The error rate was higher in the government hospital (6,672; 42.8%) compared to the private hospital (5,829; 38.0%). The most prevalent errors occurred during the subscription stage (2,302; 45.1%), with 1,245 (48.1%) and 1,057 (42.0%) errors in the government and private hospitals, respectively. This was followed by errors in the inscription (3,447; 45.0%), superscription (5,156; 40.4%), and transcription (1,596; 31.3%) stages. Common interventions during the subscription stage addressed incomplete patient information (age, weight, etc.), missing consultant signatures, and stamps. For the inscription stage, frequent interventions involved incorrect drug doses and strengths.Typical interventions for the subscription and inscription stages included adding missing therapy durations and usage instructions, respectively. Pharmacist interventions were accepted at a higher rate in private hospitals (3,669; 62.9%) compared to government hospitals (3,675; 55.1%), with a total of 7,344 (58.7%) interventions accepted. Conclusion: The study revealed a high prevalence of prescribing errors across all stages of the outpatient prescription process, with the subscription stage being the most error-prone. The findings highlight the critical role of pharmacist-led prescription interventions in mitigating prescribing errors, thereby enhancing prescribing practices, optimizing therapeutic outcomes, and safeguarding patient safety.

Development of Clinical Simulation Programs and Their Importance in the Accreditation of Simulation Centers

Introduction: The development of Clinical Simulation requires well-structured programs tailored to the demands of university-level education in the Health Sciences, as well as appropriate management and accreditation by international evaluation entities. Accredited simulation centers are essential for health sciences education, allowing students to learn safely through the repetition of activities until they are correctly executed, thereby safeguarding patient safety. Objective: Describe the guidelines and importance of a Clinical Simulation Program as support for the activities carried out by the Health Area Simulation Center of the San Gregorio de Portoviejo University (USGP), Manabí, Ecuador, under the demands of the organizations of international accreditation.Methodology: Exploratory qualitative research, based on a review of bibliographic sources from the last 10 years regarding Simulation Programs and their importance in the accreditation of Clinical Simulation Centers.Results: A solid bibliographic foundation for the development of the Clinical Simulation Program at USGP.Conclusions: USGP is engaged in sustained efforts to develop its Simulation Center and to apply Simulation-Based Education methodologies.

Fundamental Principles Of Health Management: Integrated Strategies For Efficiency, Quality, And Sustainability In Healthcare

This academic essay addresses healthcare management as an essential and dynamic field encompassing administrative and clinical practices to ensure efficiency, quality, and sustainability in healthcare services. Beyond mere administration, healthcare management faces contemporary challenges such as an aging population and increasing chronic diseases, necessitating agile adaptations and technological innovations. Key principles of effective healthcare management include operational efficiency, ensuring optimization of human and financial resources, and quality of care, promoting safe and personalized healthcare delivery. Financial sustainability is crucial for ensuring service continuity, while innovation and technology play pivotal roles in continuous care improvement and response to public health emergencies. Risk management is also discussed as fundamental to safeguarding patient safety and healthcare institution reputation, involving regulatory compliance and cybersecurity measures. In conclusion, the strategic integration of these principles enhances not only institutions' crisis responsiveness but also fosters a patient-centered and sustainable care environment in the long term.

Health professional regulation and provision of quality health services; cross sectional analysis of private health care providers in Wajir County, Kenya

Background: Health professional regulatory bodies oversee and enforce standards in healthcare to safeguard patient safety and prevent harm. However, international consistency in these regulations remains limited. The Kenya health sector relies on various bodies to enforce standards among professionals and institutions, albeit constrained by financial and human resources that hinder effective oversight. This study aimed to assess how regulatory practices- such as licensing, training oversight, inspection of practice, and quality assurance mechanisms- affect the quality of healthcare provided by private providers. Methods: The study targeted 108 healthcare providers from 36 private health facilities, primarily nurses and clinical officers. A sample of 86 participants was drawn using purposive sampling. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Results: The licensing of health professionals, training, inspection of practice, and quality assurance mechanisms collectively influenced 47.9% of the variation in service quality. Statistical analysis revealed significant associations between licensing (p=0.003), practice inspections (p=0.01), quality assurance (p=0.001), and service quality. Conclusions: Regulatory bodies play a crucial role in ensuring healthcare standards; however, their effectiveness hinges on tailored strategies that address local challenges and foster collaborative efforts towards sustainable quality improvement in healthcare services. Routine inspections, conducted in a supportive manner, are likely to ensure ongoing adherence to standards. Moreover, adequate resource allocation for regulatory compliance and continuous quality improvement activities, including the formation of internal quality improvement (QI) teams and the maintenance of regular QI meetings and assessments, was deemed essential.

Understanding and controlling the variables for stromal vascular fraction therapy.

In regenerative medicine, the isolation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from the adipose tissue's stromal vascular fraction (SVF) is a critical area of study. Our review meticulously examines the isolation process of MSCs, starting with the extraction of adipose tissue. The choice of liposuction technique, anatomical site, and immediate processing are essential to maintain cell functionality. We delve into the intricacies of enzymatic digestion, emphasizing the fine-tuning of enzyme concentrations to maximize cell yield while preventing harm. The review then outlines the filtration and centrifugation techniques necessary for isolating a purified SVF, alongside cell viability assessments like flow cytometry, which are vital for confirming the efficacy of the isolated MSCs. We discuss the advantages and drawbacks of using autologous vs allogeneic SVF sources, touching upon immunocompatibility and logistical considerations, as well as the variability inherent in donor-derived cells. Anesthesia choices, the selection between hypodermic needles vs liposuction cannulas, and the role of adipose tissue lysers in achieving cellular dissociation are evaluated for their impact on SVF isolation. Centrifugation protocols are also analyzed for their part in ensuring the integrity of the SVF. The necessity for standardized MSC isolation protocols is highlighted, promoting reproducibility and successful clinical application. We encourage ongoing research to deepen the understanding of MSC biology and therapeutic action, aiming to further the field of regenerative medicine. The review concludes with a call for rigorous research, interdisciplinary collaboration, and strict adherence to ethical and regulatory standards to safeguard patient safety and optimize treatment outcomes with MSCs.

725 Delphi Consensus to Improve Patient Safety in the Aesthetic Injectables Market: Consensus, Controversies and the 5Ps Framework

Abstract Aim The rapid growth of the aesthetic injectables sector presents a public health challenge given limited regulations to date. This study aimed to establish agreed proposals from industry experts and practitioners to uphold and safeguard patient safety. Method A Delphi consensus design was adopted comprising three survey rounds. Industry practitioners and experts were invited to suggest proposals to improve patient safety. We used the MoSCoW prioritization technique to aid practitioners in attributing importance and significance to proposals. Consensus was defined a priori as 75%. Results One-hundred-and-twenty-two practitioners completed Round 1, 100 completed Round 2 and 51 completed Round 3. A total of 38 proposals were identified after consolidation and removal of duplicates from Round 1. Round 2 established consensus on 16 items, and 18 items went to Round 3 but consensus was not achieved on all these items. Of the 38 proposals initially made, a series of five overarching themes emerged as fundamental for stakeholders. Issues relating to patients, practitioner skills or competence, product type and storage, place of practice and promotion techniques were the key themes. From these we propose and evaluate the five Ps framework: Patient, Practitioner, Product, Place and Promotion. Conclusions Our Delphi consensus study establishes consensus for 16 key proposals to improve patient safety. The study also highlights areas of controversy and proposes the novel 5Ps framework to help appraise the aesthetics industry.

Twelve Tips for Optimising Medical Student Fitness to Practise

Fitness to practise processes are in place to safeguard patient safety and maintain professional standards. This article provides context for medical student fitness to practise in the UK and situates the process under the regulator and the university. The Tips examine some dichotomies and pitfalls in an increasingly litigious field and provide operational recommendations. The authors drew on their experiences across several medical schools and highlighted some of the complexities at play. Fairness through diverse panel constituencies, education, and training for panel members are highlighted. The potential impact of mental health diagnoses on outcomes is considered alongside the need for support for practitioners involved in this high-stake process. The Tips outlined are broadly transferable to other regulated programs nationally and internationally and are linked to postgraduate practice. The authors hope to ignite dialogue in an area with limited benchmarking and literature.

Addressing Patient Requests to Add Dietary Supplements to Their Cancer Care-A Suggested Approach.

Dietary supplements are widely utilized by cancer patients as part of a complementary and integrative approach to their healthcare. However, a significant portion of patients refrain from discussing their supplement use with their physicians, often due to the perceived indifference or negativity of their healthcare providers. This communication gap exposes patients to unreliable information sources and potential risks associated with uninformed supplementation. As the healthcare landscape evolves, there is an increasing recognition of the pivotal role that physicians play in guiding patients' healthcare decisions. A patient-centered perspective prioritizes the provision of evidence-based information tailored to the individual's needs. It advocates for open discussions about potential risks and fosters shared decision making, respecting patient autonomy. Additionally, this approach involves offering alternative options, documenting patient preferences, and ensuring ongoing support while coordinating with the healthcare team. To address these evolving needs, healthcare providers must adopt a transformative perspective, becoming expert guides who engage with their patients as informed and empowered participants. This revised approach emphasizes an open dialogue that balances presenting facts and acknowledging uncertainties surrounding dietary supplement use. Our narrative review of the literature underscores the importance of a practical approach, centered on transparent discussions and respect for patient autonomy. By following this approach, healthcare providers can empower patients to navigate the complexities of dietary supplement use within the context of cancer care, thereby safeguarding patient safety and overall well-being. Notably, our proposed tool highlights the utilization of reliable sources, the risk stratification of supplements, specific recommendations, and subsequent monitoring, providing a structured framework for informed decision making.

Artificial intelligence in psychiatry, present trends, and challenges: An updated review

Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) represents a revolutionary fusion of computer science and human-like problem-solving capabilities. In medicine, AI promises transformative changes, automating medical documentation, streamlining health insurance processes, and enhancing medical image analysis. The rising prevalence of mental illness across the world underscores the need for AI in psychiatry, where innovative approaches, such as speech analysis and real-time mental health assessments, are emerging. However, challenges loom. AI’s performance in radiology remains inconsistent. Biased training data, workflow disruptions, and a lack of validation standards pose hurdles. Speech recognition systems suffer from word errors, impacting clinical notes’ accuracy. The black-box nature of AI algorithms and their opacity in clinical settings require attention, particularly in safeguarding patient safety. Establishing guidelines for responsible AI use in mental health, addressing confidentiality, and handling critical situations is crucial. In conclusion, while AI holds immense promise in revolutionizing psychiatry and medicine, recognizing and addressing its challenges is imperative for its responsible and effective integration into clinical practice.

692 Standardised Management of Hallux Fractures Within Virtual Fracture Clinic: A Quality Improvement Project

Abstract Aim Hallux fractures are a common referral to Virtual Fracture Clinic (VFC), comprising 6% of all referrals made within our Major Trauma Centre (MTC). The cumulative time taken to process these cases equates to 3.75 hours per month. This commitment of time and resources endeavoured us to evaluate these hallux fracture referrals with the aim to develop a clear treatment pathway to improve the efficiency of VFC whilst safeguarding patient safety. Method A database was created containing all patients seen in VFC between 01/01/2022 and 31/01/2022 (n = 279). From this database 15 hallux fracture cases were identified. Using this data, a treatment pathway was created that stratified hallux fractures into high, moderate and low risk groups. This pathway was then implemented within our local A&E department and surrounding minor injury units to allow clinicians to safely discharge uncomplicated hallux fractures back into the community with appropriate safety netting literature. A 2nd cycle was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment pathway by reviewing the number of hallux fracture cases referred to VFC between 17/10/2022 and 14/11/2022. Results After implementing our treatment pathway, we saw a 62% reduction in the number of inappropriate referrals made to VFC. Furthermore, we saw a 100% increase in the number of appropriate complex fractures that were brought back to fracture clinic for formal review. Conclusions Our treatment pathway has demonstrated a significant difference in how hallux fractures are managed within our MTC in a manner that improves efficiency without compromising patient safety.

Does injustice perception threaten organizational performance in the healthcare setting? A sequential mediation examination

Purpose This paper aims to explore the role of perceived organizational injustice (POI) leading to workplace conflict in determining organizational performance (OP) among healthcare employees. This paper also examines the serial mediating effects of moral disengagement (MD) and knowledge hiding (KH). Design/methodology/approach In all, 244 public and private hospital employees in Pakistan provided the data set. Findings According to partial least squares-structural equation modeling findings, the negative association between POI and OP was serially mediated by KH and MD. The recovery process underlying the linkage between POI and OP is tested and highlighted in this paper as a first step in unraveling it. Research limitations/implications The findings highlight the significance of taking moral and KH models into account when attempting to understand the moral cognitive processes that employees go through when they see injustice. Organizations should guarantee the equitable distribution of incentives and resources, as distributive and procedural justices are concerned with organizations. Originality/value By directing actions meant to prevent MD and KH, the findings may potentially inspire new, more focused treatments to safeguard patient safety and avoid losses in the healthcare industry. One way to reduce unethical conduct and MD is to have people declare or agree to a code of ethics.

Safeguard patient safety in a refugee crisis

A call for nursing action in the face of a crisis that threatens refugee health and safety.

Impact of the Emergency Procedure Zone on Emergency Care.

Background: Emergency department (ED) overcrowding is a public health crisis that affects patient care quality. Space management in the ED can affect patient flow dynamics and clinical practice. We proposed a novel design of the "emergency procedure zone" (EPZ). The purpose of the EPZ was to provide an isolated area for clinical practice and procedure teaching, to ensure a secure area with adequate equipment and monitors, and safeguard patient privacy and safety. This study aimed to analyze the impact of the EPZ on procedural practice and patient flow dynamics. Methods: This study was conducted at the ED of a tertiary teaching hospital in Taiwan. Data were collected from 1 March 2019 to 31 August 2020 (pre-EPZ period) and from 1 November 2020 to 30 April 2022 (post-EPZ period). Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics software. This study focused on the number of procedures and length of stay in the emergency department (LOS-ED). Variables were analyzed using the chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test. Statistical significance was defined as p < 0.05. Results: There were 137,141 (pre-EPZ period) and 118,386 (post-EPZ period) ED visits recorded during this period. The post-EPZ period showed a significant increase in central venous catheter insertion, chest tube or pigtail placement, arthrocentesis, lumbar puncture, and incision and drainage procedures (p < 0.001). For patients who were directly discharged from the ED, the post-EPZ period also had a higher percentage of ultrasound studies performed in the ED and a shorter LOS-ED for patients who were directly discharged from the ED (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The establishment of an EPZ in the ED has a positive impact on procedural efficiency. The EPZ improved diagnosis and disposition efficiency, shortened the length of stay, and provided benefits such as improved management, patient privacy, and teaching opportunities.

The effect of transitions intervention to ensure patient safety and satisfaction when transferred from hospital to home health care-A systematic review.

The aim of this systematic review is to describe and evaluate the effectiveness of transition interventions to safeguard patient safety and satisfaction during patients' transition from hospital to home health care. Systematic review. MEDLINE, Ovid Nursing Database, PsycINFO, EMBASE, CINAHL, Clinical Trials and SveMed+ was systematic searched in January 2019 and September 2020 to identify peer-reviewed papers. No language, geographical or publication date restrictions. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions was used. Data analysis focused on aggregated data and a descriptive synthesis. Risk of bias was rated using Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. In total, 10,524 references were identified in the literature search, twenty-six articles were included. The interventions were divided into three main groups: (i). systematic patient education pre-discharge; (ii). establishment of contact with the local healthcare services pre-discharge and (iii). follow-up initiated by nurses from the hospital at home post-discharge. The studies either used one intervention or combined two or three interventions. We considered the intervention to improve patient safety or satisfaction when they reported statistically significant results. Only four interventions increased both patient safety and satisfaction, seven interventions increased patient safety and thirteen increased patient satisfaction. Interventions that appear to be quite similar, with the same duration, measured different effects on patients' satisfaction and safety. Interventions that ensured patient safety did not necessarily facilitate patient satisfaction and vice versa. Interventions can improve patient safety and satisfaction during transfer. However, interventions that improve patient safety or satisfaction do not always match. This review suggests that transition interventions can improve patients' safety and satisfaction. However, to compare the impact of future interventions is it important to use standardized measurement tools of satisfaction. There is a need to try out tailored interventions, where interventions are customized to the needs of each patient.

Improving results management processes in an acute hospital using a multi-faceted approach.

Radiological examinations and laboratory tests are routinely ordered by hospital physicians as part of the care plan to diagnose and treat patients. However, the failure to actively review and follow-up on these results pose a significant problem to patient safety. A study team was formed to mitigate the clinical risks of poor results management, which was identified as a top clinical risk in our organization, in order to make improvements to the results management process and to ensure the timely review, acknowledgement and follow-up of test results. This study was carried out to improve results management processes and ensure the timely review, acknowledgment, and follow-up of test results, in order to mitigate the clinical risks posed to patient safety. The institutional expectations of results management were set and published as a hospital policy, which was communicated to all clinical departments for compliance. Improvements to the electronic medical records system were made to facilitate the results acknowledgement process, and physicians were engaged to educate them on the importance of results management. The study team observed a decrease in unacknowledged results from approximately 16 000 in March 2017 to 2673 in December 2020. The compliance rate for acknowledgement results increased from a monthly average of 83.7% (from March to December 2017) to a monthly average of 99.3% (in 2020). The risk score for results management decreased from 16 to 6.5 and was excluded from the organization's top clinical risks. This study showed the importance of both system improvements and culture changes that are required to improve the process of results management and provides a step forward for the hospital to safeguard patient safety and mitigate clinical risk.

The hand-brain-heart connection: ICU nurses' experience of managing patient safety during COVID-19.

BackgroundCOVID‐19 has challenged critical care nursing through increased critical care service utilization. This may have a profound impact on intensive care unit (ICU) nurses' ability to maintain patient safety. However, the experiences of ICU nurses in managing patient safety during an infectious disease outbreak remains unexplored.Aims and objectivesTo explore ICU nurses' narratives in managing patient safety in the outbreak ICUs during the COVID‐19 pandemic.DesignA narrative inquiry design.MethodsA purposive sample of 18 registered nurses who practiced in the outbreak ICUs during the COVID‐19 pandemic were recruited between June and August 2020. Individual semi‐structured interviews were conducted, transcribed verbatim, and narratively analysed.ResultsFindings reviewed an overarching anatomy‐specific storyline of a ‘hand‐brain‐heart’ connection that describes nurses' experience with managing patient safety during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Firstly, stories on ‘the hands of clinical practice’ revealed how critical care nursing is practiced and adapted by ICU nurses during the pandemic. In particular, ICU nurses banded together to safeguard patient safety by practicing critical care nursing with mastery. Secondly, stories on ‘the brain of psychosocial wellness’ highlights the tumultuous impact of COVID‐19 on the nurses' psychosocial well‐being and how nurses demonstrated resilience to continually uphold patient safety during the pandemic. Lastly, stories on ‘the heart of nursing’ drew upon the nurses' intrinsic professional nursing identity and values to safeguard patient safety. Specific patient tales further boosted the nurses' commitment to render safe nursing care during the pandemic.ConclusionsThrough their stories, ICU nurses reported how they continually seek to uphold patient safety through clinical competence, resilience, and heightened nursing identity.Relevance to clinical practiceICU nurses require sustainable clinical resources and references such as clinical instructors, as well as visible psychosocial support channels, for ICU nurses to continue to uphold patient safety during COVID‐19.