Use Of Safe Water Research Articles

КЫРГЫЗСТАНДЫН ТҮШТҮГҮНДӨГҮ АЙРЫМ СУУ САКТАГЫЧТАРДЫН ФИТОПЛАНКТОН БОЮНЧА ЭКОЛОГИЯЛЫК АБАЛЫ

The Papan and Naiman reservoirs are artificial reservoirs created to supply drinking water to the city of Osh and the settlements of the Nookat and Aravan regions. The object of study of ecology, including aquatic ecology (hydroecology, hydrobiology), is an aquatic ecosystem, which is an interconnected system of living organisms and their natural environment (water, sediments and adjacent land), in which substances and energy are formed, and there is a cyclic exchange of minerals and organic matter. Aquatic ecosystems are a complex type of artificially created reservoirs with a regulated water regime, as a result of which the level and speed of flow change, thereby determining the nature of the hydrobiological regime. The process of formation of a reservoir ecosystem depends on its specific conditions, initial biological resources, water exchange, anthropogenic loads, etc. Effective and environmentally safe use of water and biological resources of reservoirs can only be realized on the basis of a deep and comprehensive study of the structure and functioning of their ecosystems. The object of the study was the taxonomic composition of the phytoplankton of the Papan and Naiman reservoirs, located in the south of Kyrgyzstan. The relevance of the study is determined by the importance of these reservoirs in the national economy and in providing the population with clean water.

Blind spots in global water quality monitoring

Abstract Poor water quality threatens human and environmental health, as well as the usability of water for sectoral purposes. Despite widespread recognition of its importance, our knowledge of water quality is severely impaired by a lack of information. However, global water quality data is required to assess the critical regions (hotspots) where pollution poses risks to safe water use, economic development and ecosystem services and health. Here, we identify blind spots in current water quality monitoring efforts, elucidating on the associated challenges for diagnosing water quality issues and the knock-on effect for both science and society. Furthermore, we provide recommendations for addressing these blind spots – on which strong emphasis is placed on improved accessibility and transparency of existing data in addition to increasing global water quality monitoring efforts.

Existence of cholera outbreak, challenges, and way forward on public health interventions to control cholera outbreak in Guraghe Zones, southern Ethiopia, 2023.

In Ethiopia, despite major improvements seen in health service delivery system, the country continues to be significantly affected by cholera outbreaks. Cholera remains a significant public health problem among the vulnerable populations living in many resource-limited settings with poor access to safe and clean water and hygiene practices. Recurring cholera outbreaks are an indication of deprived water and sanitation conditions as well as weak health systems, contributing to the transmission and spread of the cholera infection. To assess the cholera outbreak, its challenges, and the way forward on public health interventions to solve the knowledge and health service delivery gaps related to cholera control in Guraghe Zone, Ethiopia, 2023. Active surveillance of the cholera outbreak was conducted in all kebeles and town administrative of Guraghe zone from 7/8/2023 to 30/10/2023. A total of 224 cholera cases were detected during the active surveillance method. Data obtained from Guraghe zone offices were exported to SPSS version 25 for additional analysis. The case fatality rate, incidence of the cases, and other descriptive variables were presented and described using figures and tables. A total of 224 cholera cases were detected through an active surveillance system. In this study, the case fatality rate of cholera outbreak was 2.6%. To tackle the cholera outbreak, the Guraghe zone health office collaborated with other stakeholders to prepare four cholera treatment centers. The absence of OCV, inaccessible safe water, low latrine coverage, inappropriate utilization of latrines, and absence of cholera laboratory rapid diagnostics test in Guraghe Zone are barriers to tackling the outbreak. Ethiopia National Cholera Plan targeted eradicating cholera by 2030, 222 cholera outbreak occurred in Guraghe Zone, Ethiopia. To minimize and control cholera mortality rate oral cholera vaccinations should be employed in all areas of the region. Sustainable WASH measures should be guaranteed for the use of safe water and good hygiene practices. Early diagnosis and treatment should be initiated appropriately for those who are infected.

Advancing in Cesium Retention: Application of Magnesium Phosphate Cement Composites.

A serious risk that harms the safe use of water and affects aquatic ecosystems is water pollution. This occurs when the water's natural equilibrium is disrupted by an excessive amount of substances, both naturally occurring and as a byproduct of human activities, that have varied degrees of toxicity. Radiation from Cs isotopes, which are common components of radioactive waste and are known for their long half-lives (30 years), which are longer than the natural decay processes, is a major source of contamination. Adsorption is a commonly used technique for reducing this kind of contamination, and zeolite chabazite has been chosen as the best adsorbent for cesium in this particular situation. The purpose of this research is to investigate a composite material based on magnesium phosphate cement (MPC). Magnesium oxide (MgO), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4), and properly selected retarders are used to create the MPC. The optimal conditions for this composite material are investigated through the utilization of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, BET surface area analysis, and atomic absorption spectroscopy. The principal aim is to enable innovations in the elimination of radioactive waste-contaminated water using effective cesium removal. The most promising results were obtained by using KH2PO4 as an acid, and MgO as a base, and aiming for an M/P ratio of two or four. Furthermore, we chose zeolite chabazite as a crucial component. The best adsorption abilities for Cs were found at Qads = 106.997 mg/g for S2 and Qads = 122.108 mg/g for S1. As a result, zeolite is an eco-friendly material that is a potential usage option, with many benefits, such as low prices, stability, and ease of regeneration and use.

Revitalizing Water Health: Unraveling Coliform Dynamics in Banjar Regency's River Ecosystem

This study examined total coliform levels in rivers in Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan, and their effects on water quality and public health. Water samples were taken at eight river observation points using purposive sampling in a field survey. Analysis compared total coliform results to health criteria. To determine the link between total coliform and DO, correlation tests were performed. The overall coliform concentration exceeded the class I quality limit of 50 CFU/100 mL with 5050 to 52833,335 CFU/100 mL. Total coliform levels correlated -0.878 with DO levels, demonstrating contamination's ecological effects. High total coliform levels make river water unfit for sanitation and hygiene. Banjar Regency waterways must be cleaned to reduce bacterial contamination, protect public health, and allow safe water use. Addressing these issues will improve local prosperity and water sustainability

A triple increase in global river basins with water scarcity due to future pollution

Water security is at stake today. While climate changes influence water availability, urbanization and agricultural activities have led to increasing water demand as well as pollution, limiting safe water use. We conducted a global assessment of future clean-water scarcity for 2050s by adding the water pollution aspect to the classical water quantity-induced scarcity assessments. This was done for >10,000 sub-basins focusing on nitrogen pollution in rivers by integrating land-system, hydrological and water quality models. We found that water pollution aggravates water scarcity in >2000 sub-basins worldwide. The number of sub-basins with water scarcity triples due to future nitrogen pollution worldwide. In 2010, 984 sub-basins are classified as water scarce when considering only quantity-induced scarcity, while 2517 sub-basins are affected by quantity & quality-induced scarcity. This number even increases to 3061 sub-basins in the worst case scenario in 2050. This aggravation means an extra 40 million km2 of basin area and 3 billion more people that may potentially face water scarcity in 2050. Our results stress the urgent need to address water quality in future water management policies for the Sustainable Development Goals.

Deep learning based an effective hybrid model for water quality assessment.

Water, which is very important for life and civilizations on Earth, has been a source of life for all living things. However, freshwater resources gradually decrease due to climate change, pollution, and population growth. Water pollution is the quality changes that occur due to various activities of people, change the chemical, biological, and physical properties of water, restrict or prevent its use, and disrupt ecological balances. The water quality criteria determined to keep this pollution under control ensure the safe use of water. Water quality observations have gained more importance today due to intense environmental concerns and water pollution. This situation revealed the necessity of water quality assessment for water source use. In this study, the CNN-LSTM-based hybrid model was proposed to assess water quality. The proposed model was compared with AdaBoost, DT, GNB, kNN, LGBM, RF, and LSTM according to accuracy, precision, recall, F-score, and AUC. The proposed model has 98.81% accuracy, 99.03% precision, 99.65% recall, 99.33% F-score, and 93% AUC. PRACTITIONER POINTS: CNN-LSTM hybrid model was developed to water quality assessment. The proposed model is compared with established techniques like AdaBoost, DT, GNB, kNN, LGBM, RF, and LSTM. The developed model has 98.81% classification accuracy. Experimental results show that the developed model will ensure the use of safe water according to water quality criteria.

Prevalence and factors associated with malaria, typhoid, and co-infection among febrile children aged six months to twelve years at kampala international university teaching hospital in western Uganda

BackgroundPaediatric febrile illnesses pose diagnostic challenges in low-income countries. Western Uganda is endemic for both malaria and typhoid but the true prevalence of each individual disease, their co-infections and associated factors are poorly quantified. ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of malaria, typhoid, their co-infection, and associated factors amongst febrile children attending the paediatrics and child health department of Kampala International University Teaching Hospital (KIU-TH) in Western Uganda. MethodsCross-sectional study used a survey questionnaire covering demographics, clinical and behavioural variables. We obtained blood for peripheral films for malaria and cultures for typhoid respectively; from 108 consecutively consented participants. Ethical approval was obtained from KIU-TH research and ethics committee (No. UG-REC-023/201,834). Multivariate regression analysis was performed using Stata 14.0 (StataCorp. 2015) at 95% confidence interval, regarding p < 0.05 as statistically significant. ResultsMajority of participants were males 62% (n = 67), cared for by their mothers 86.1% (n = 93). The prevalence of malaria was 25% (n = 27). The prevalence of typhoid was 3.7% (n = 4), whereas the prevalence of malaria-typhoid co-infection was 2.8% (n = 3). Using treated water from protected public taps was associated with low malaria-typhoid co-infection [p = 0.04; aOR = 0.05, 95%CI [0.003–0.87], whereas drinking unboiled water from open wells increased the risk for the co-infection [p = 0.037, cOR = 17, 95%CI (1.19–243.25)]. ConclusionsThe prevalence of blood culture confirmed malaria-typhoid co-infection in children was lower than previously reported in serological studies. These findings emphasize the need to use gold standard diagnostic investigations in epidemiological studies. Educational campaigns should focus on the use of safe water, hygienic hand washing, and proper waste disposal; and should target mothers who mainly take care of these children.

КОМПЛЕКСНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ПРОЕКТА ПЛАНИРОВКИ ТЕРРИТОРИИ ЛИНЕЙНОГО ОБЪЕКТА СИСТЕМЫ ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЯ ЗАМАРАЙСКОГО МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЯ ПОДЗЕМНЫХ ВОД С ЦЕЛЬЮ БЕЗОПАСНОГО РАЗВИТИЯ ТЕРРИТОРИИ

Issues of quality water supply are always relevant, because water is the source of life on Earth. The article deals with the design of linear water supply systems and identifies the main problems of their functioning. The authors present the results of studies of the projected reserve water pipeline from the Zamarayskoye groundwater deposit to the pumping stations in the Serovsky urban district. It is found that the preparation of urban planning documentation is currently an important condition for the safe development of the territory. The purpose of such documentation is to form the boundaries of land for the placement of new engineering networks, in particular the water supply system. Safe water use is one of the main aspects of social state policy.

Dynamic evolution and response strategy of demand in buffer zone between scattered groundwater sources and hazardous waste landfill

Groundwater contamination by landfill leachate is a major concern. Ignoring the long-term increase in leakage caused by the aging of engineered materials may lead to underestimation of the buffer distance (BFD) demand of landfills. In this study, a long-term BFD prediction model was developed by coupling an engineering material aging and defect evolution module with leachate leakage and migration transformation model, and was applicated and validated. The results showed that under landfill performance degradation, the required BFD was 2400 m, i.e., 6 times higher than under undegraded conditions. With the degradation of the performance, the BFD required to attenuate the heavy metal concentrations of groundwater increases more than the BFD required to attenuate organic pollutants. For example, the BFD required for zinc (Zn) was 5 times higher than that required for undegraded conditions, while for 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-D), the BFD was 1 times higher. Considering the uncertainties of the model parameters and structure, the BFD should be greater than 3000 m to ensure long-term safe water use under unfavorable conditions such as large leachate production and leakage, weak degradation and fast diffusion of pollutants. If the actual BFD does not meet the demand due to landfill performance degradation, the landfill owner can reduce the reliance on the BFD by reducing the waste leaching behavior. For example, the landfill in our case study would require a BFD of 2400 m, but by reducing the leaching concentration of zinc in the waste from 120 to 55 mg/L, this requirement could be reduced to 900 m.

Meta-analysis reveals cyanotoxins risk across African inland waters

Global eutrophication and climate warming exacerbate production of cyanotoxins such as microcystins (MCs), presenting risks to human and animal health. Africa is a continent suffering from severe environmental crises, including MC intoxication, but with very limited understanding of the occurrence and extent of MCs. By analysing 90 publications from 1989 to 2019, we found that in various water bodies where MCs have been detected so far, the concentrations were 1.4–2803 times higher than the WHO provisional guideline for human lifetime exposure via drinking water (1 µg/L) in 12 of 15 African countries where data were available. MCs were relatively high in the Republic of South Africa (averaged 2803 μg/L) and Southern Africa as a whole (702 μg/L) when compared to other regions. Values were higher in reservoirs (958 μg/L) and lakes (159 μg/L) than in other water types, and much higher in temperate (1381 μg/L) than in arid (161 μg/L) and tropical (4 μg/L) zones. Highly significant positive relationships were found between MCs and planktonic chlorophyll a. Further assessment revealed high ecological risk for 14 of the 56 water bodies, with half used as human drinking water sources. Recognizing the extremely high MCs and exposure risk in Africa, we recommend routine monitoring and risk assessment of MCs be prioritized to ensure safe water use and sustainability in this region.

Rising cases of cholera in Ethiopia: a need for sustainable wash practices?

Rising cases of cholera in Ethiopia: a need for sustainable wash practices?

Effects of arsenic-induced toxicosis (Arsenicosis) on human health and its prevention

Owing to widespread groundwater pollution, arsenic is one of the most extreme worldwide ecological toxicants and induces cytotoxic activity and other chronic diseases for millions of people and also animals. Because of geologic and anthropogenic activities, arsenic pollution is widely spread. Long-term toxicity caused by arsenic can lead to the development of arsenicosis related to skin lesions, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, cognitive dysfunction, cardiovascular and peripheral vascular disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hepatic fibrosis and hematological, gastrointestinal, immunological, endocrine and multicancer neurological disorders. Till date no effective treatment or medicine is available in global market to prevent arsenic induced toxicosis. Only use of safe water and well nourished foods can help to prevent further exposure. Recently, chelation therapy is recognized as a good remedial action to reduce and to eliminate the acute arsenic toxicity.

Tropical shrubs living in an extreme environment show convergent ecological strategies but divergent ecophysiological strategies.

Trait-based frameworks assess plant survival strategies using different approaches. Some frameworks use functional traits to assign species to a priori defined ecological strategies. Others use functional traits as the central element of a species ecophysiological strategy. We compared these two approaches by asking: (1) what is the primary ecological strategy of three dominant co-occurring shrub species from inselbergs based on the CSR scheme, and (2) what main functional traits characterize the ecophysiological strategy of the species based on their use of carbon, water and light? We conducted our study on a Colombian inselberg. In this extreme environment with multiple stressors (high temperatures and low resource availability), we expected all species to be stress tolerant (S in the CSR scheme) and have similar ecophysiological strategies. We measured 22 anatomical, morphological and physiological leaf traits. The three species have convergent ecological strategies as measured by CSR (S, Acanthella sprucei; and S/CS, Mandevilla lancifolia and Tabebuia orinocensis) yet divergent resource-use strategies as measured by their functional traits. A. sprucei has the most conservative carbon use, risky water use and a shade-tolerant strategy. M. lancifolia has acquisitive carbon use, safe water use and a shade-tolerant strategy. T. orinocensis has intermediate carbon use, safe water use and a light-demanding strategy. Additionally, stomatal traits that are easy to measure are valuable to describe resource-use strategies because they are highly correlated with two physiological functions that are hard to measure: stomatal conductance and maximum photosynthesis per unit mass. The two approaches provide complementary information on species strategies. Plant species can co-occur in extreme environments, such as inselbergs, because they exhibit convergent primary ecological strategies but divergent ecophysiological strategies, allowing them to use limiting resources differently.

РОЗВИТОК НАУКОВОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ВОДНИХ МЕЛІОРАЦІЙ НА ЗРОШУВАНИХ ЗЕМЛЯХ УКРАЇНИ: ІСТОРІОГРАФІЯ ПЕРІОДУ НЕЗАЛЕЖНОСТІ

It was established that during the period of Ukraine’s independence, historiography began to play the role of an integration factor, maintaining the appropriate level of scientific knowledge, preserving and supplementing the methodological apparatus of modern historical science. It has been found that in recent decades, a number of meaningful scientific works have been published, which contain systematized factual material on the development of scientific support for water reclamation on irrigated lands of Ukraine, a thorough analysis of scientific technologies and their theoretical generalizations. It was determined that the historical works of the period of Ukraine’s independence are characterized by the multi-facetedness and content of generalizations, the objectivity of approaches to the study of the evolution of the scientific-organizational foundations of the use of water resources for land irrigation. Historical works highlight the evolution of certain scientific directions, theories, concepts and technologies regarding the improvement of water reclamation in agrarian production on irrigated lands; development of scientific foundations of effective management of water resources for agricultural land reclamation; the contribution of higher education institutions, and scientific-research institutions and research teams to the development of scientific technologies for the conservation and balanced use of water resources in irrigated farming; the evolution of the working and practical implementation of water reclamation on irrigated lands in the context of the activities of well-known agrarian scientists of Ukraine. It was established that at the beginning of the 21st century, thanks to the cooperation of Ukrainian and foreign scientists, the working and implementation of innovative technologies for the ecologically safe use of water and land resources gained significant development and has great prospects, especially in conditions of climate change. An own position has been formed regarding the choice of the most accurate and scientifically based reflection of the historical development of scientific support for water reclamation on irrigated lands of Ukraine, which is updated in the conditions of global challenges and threats today.

Surface Water Quality Assessment, Prediction, and Modeling of the River Daya in Odisha

A decision tree-based approach is projected to predict surface water quality and is a good tool to assess the quality and guarantee the safe use of water for drinking. Modeling surface water quality using artificial intelligence-based models is essential in projecting suitable mitigation measures; however, it remains a challenge and requires further research to enhance the modeling accuracy. Because of the serious effects of low water quality, a faster and less expensive solution is required. With this motivation, this research explores a series of supervised machine learning algorithms to estimate the water quality. The objective of this study is to assess the surface water quality of the Daya watercourse to determine the optimal procedure to measure quality of drinking water. Samples were collected from designated locations throughout different seasons (winter, summer, rainy) over a period of five years (2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020). Total dissolved solids, pH, alkalinity, chloride, nitrate, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, iron, fluoride, were all tested, as well as total coliform, fecal coliform, and E. coli. Through this decision tree regression model, accuracy of prediction is 93.77%. This is a significant result, indicating that the decision tree-based approach has the potential to be a useful tool for surface water quality prediction. However, it is important to note that there may be limitations and uncertainties in the model, and further research and validation may be required to improve the accuracy and dependability of forecasts. The catastrophic consequences of poor water quality, as well as the need for faster and less expensive technologies for testing water quality, are the driving factors in this study. The study's findings can help to improve knowledge of water quality in the Daya watercourse and enhance the decision-making processes to ensure safe drinking water.

The Association Between Rainfall, Temperature, and Reported Drinking Water Source: A Multi-Country Analysis.

Climate change may alter access to safe drinking water, with important implications for health. We assessed the relationship between temperature and rainfall and utilization of basic drinking water (BDW) in The Gambia, Mozambique, Pakistan, and Kenya. The outcomes of interest were (a) whether the reported drinking water source used in the past 2weeks met the World Health Organization definition of BDW and (b) use of a BDW source that was always available. Temperature and precipitation data were compiled from weather stations and satellite data and summarized to account for long- and short-term weather patterns and lags. We utilized random forests and logistic regression to identify key weather variables that predicted outcomes by site and the association between important weather variables and BDW use. Higher temperatures were associated with decreased BDW use at three of four sites and decreased use of BDW that is always available at all four sites. Increasing rainfall, both in the long- and short-term, was associated with increased BDW use in three sites. We found evidence for interactions between household wealth and weather variables at two sites, suggesting lower wealth populations may be more sensitive to weather-driven changes in water access. Changes in temperature and precipitation can alter safe water use in low-resource settings-investigating drivers for these relationships can inform efforts to build climate resilience.

Study of fragmentation impact of small riverbeds by artificial waters on the quality of water resources

Purpose. Study the spatial distribution of artificial reservoirs in the Dnipropetrovsk region and fragmentation impact of small riverbeds on changes in the quality of water resources. Methodology. Field studies on the current state of small river basins were carried out, rivers were selected on the principle of different geographical location and levels of anthropogenic impact. Analytical laboratory studies of water salt composition and methods of mathematical analysis were used to establish the dependence coefficients of water mineralization level and fragmentation of the river basin on the water flow regulation. Findings. The structure of the spatial distribution of artificial reservoirs in the administrative districts of the region and their hydrological characteristics are generalized. It is shown that small volumes of accumulated water in relation to the total area of reservoirs are the cause of intensive heating and evaporation of water. Due to this, the hydrochemical parameters of water are worsen, which affects the environmentally safe water use. It was found that the level of mineralization, the content of sulphates and chlorides exceed the maximum acceptable concentrations in all studied rivers. There is a tendency of deterioration of water quality in the salt block, especially in rivers with significant regulation of artificial reservoirs. In this case, water salinity exceeds the norm by 712 times. Indicators of water mineralization of rivers with fewer ponds and less fragmentation of the river basin exceed the standards by 25 times. Originality. It is determined that among the main factors of anthropogenic impact on the state of aquatic ecosystems is the fragmentation of riverbeds by artificial reservoirs, which turned rivers into cascades of water evaporating ponds. There is a close relationship between the factors of water flow regulation and the level of water mineralization (coefficient of determination R2 =0.62), as well as the coefficient of fragmentation of the river basin (R2 = 0.61). This proves the possibility, in the conditions of research of small rivers, to estimate the degree of change (increase) of water mineralization level by the coefficient of water flow regulation Kw and the coefficient of river fragmentation by the area Practical value. The main directions and ways to normalize the ecological status of watercourses are given. The necessity of systematic study of the current ecological condition of small rivers of Dnipropetrovsk region and their basins is determined.

“Patenting of Classic Wastewater Treatment System with Naturally Occurring Organic Materials in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria”

The Classic wastewater treatment system (engineered sewage treatment system) was developed and deployed to treat domestic waste (human fasces and urine) water for re-use. Naturally occurring organic materials were used in the treatment process, where 40% of these treatment materials are considered as waste in itself. Effluent from the treatment system was analyzed with physico-chemical and microbial parameters within stipulated limits of WHO/FMENV for safe water use. The removal efficiency of E.Coli, fecal coliform, total coliform, streptococcus and phosphorus from the effluent ranged between 90 to 99% which shows the effectiveness of the treatment system in sewage treatment.

ТHEORETICAL FUNDAMENTALS OF ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC ESTIMATES OF WATER USE

Theoretical bases of modern water use, water resource potential, rational use, protection and reproduction of water resources of the region are considered. Changes in the ecological and economic system of water use in the Volyn region in market conditions are analyzed.&#x0D; Anthropogenically altered natural areas, progressive pollution of human habitat, caused a deterioration in quality of life, negatively affected the demographic characteristics of the inhabitants of the planet. Water, as an important natural resource, is used in all aspects of human life and in the spheres of the national economy, has become an important factor determining the development of society as a whole.&#x0D; The water management complex and especially its development must meet the socio-economic and environmental requirements of both society and the environment. The socio-economic aspect of these requirements is aimed at implementing measures and improving the territorial and sectoral structure and technologies of water use. Providing quality water to maintain the health of the population is the main goal of water use. International cooperation in the field of use and protection of water resources; taking into account environmental constraints and requirements in social and economic decisions should contribute to the stable development of regions. The Chernobyl catastrophe contaminated a large part of the territory of Volyn Polissya with radionuclides, which reduced the possibility of agricultural use of lands in the northern and north-western regions. Today it is becoming more and more important. acquires the need to develop the active use of environmental and economic tools to improve the process of water use. A number of proposals for solving an effective ecological and economic system of water use are presented&#x0D; A distinction is made between losses caused to fixed assets that lead to deterioration or reduction in the amount of resources such as soil, water, fish, wildlife, buildings and structures, and losses resulting from reduced output or profits from reduced productivity of these resources. The first type of loss is simultaneous, the second - current (deduction from production). To determine the value of the simultaneous damage to natural resources, it is necessary to use their economic evaluation: land and water, forests, mineral deposits. Current losses (reduction of output, reduction of its quality or reduction of profits) can be determined by direct calculation.&#x0D; Of particular importance are environmental losses of a social nature, which can only be partially measured by economic indicators: the cost of treatment, payment for sick leaves, loss of products due to illness and reduced productivity. Deterioration of health and reduced life expectancy are, of course, unacceptable and cannot be offset by any economic indicators. Damage to landscapes that worsen recreation conditions cannot be measured economically either.&#x0D; Economical rational use of natural resources largely depends on the comprehensive restructuring of the entire system of production and consumption. Organize control over the level of environmental pollution; correct determination of the costs necessary to overcome the harmful effects of irrational water use. In order to reduce the negative effects of radioactive contamination, to implement a set of organizational agrochemical, agrotechnical and technological measures.&#x0D; Given the great importance of water resources in the development of the national economy, not only Volyn region, but the state as a whole, the problem of balanced, scientifically sound, environmentally safe water use and dynamic development of the water complex of Ukraine is extremely important.&#x0D; Key words: water bodies, water use, urbanization, pollution, purification, water supply.