Safety Management Research Articles

Examining preventive occupational health and safety management in the Swedish welfare sector–questionnaire development, its validity and reliability, and initial findings on employers’ knowledge

Introduction A preventive approach to occupational health and safety management (OHSM) can improve working conditions, but more knowledge is needed on how this should be organised in practice. Here, we describe the development, validity and reliability of a questionnaire used to examine employers’ preventive OHSM within the Swedish welfare sector. Furthermore, employers’ knowledge of preventive OHSM was explored using the survey data. Material and methods A questionnaire was developed based on interviews with key actors (n = 7), experts (n = 6) and intended respondents (n = 5). Using the final questionnaire, 197 responses were collected from employer (n = 126) and employee representatives (n = 71) and used to assess the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of open-ended and multi-choice items were used to assess the response distribution, content validity and interrater reliability (i.e. employer-employee correspondence from 32 matched pairs from the same workplace). Quantitative and qualitative analyses of survey responses from employer representatives were performed to assess their knowledge of preventive OHSM. Results The final questionnaire included 91 items covering employers’ working routines, resources and work environment economics. Qualitative analyses indicated a high content validity in the questionnaire, with a satisfactory response distribution and very small proportion of missing data on individual survey items. Overall, the interrater reliability was high (>60%), but the employer representatives generally gave more examples within different areas of the OHSM compared to the employee representatives. Most of the employer representatives (74%, n = 90) assessed that their organisation had sufficient knowledge regarding preventive OHSM but that the knowledge of work environment economics was lower. Conclusions By combining work environment research with questionnaire design research, high validity and reliability was achieved for this questionnaire. Furthermore, the employers generally perceived that they have high knowledge of preventive OHSM but that more knowledge is needed on work environment economics.

A Formally Integrated Adaptive Speed Management for Proactive Traffic Safety

The emergence of connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) represents a key development in the quest to enhance traffic safety. CAVs hold significant promise for improving traffic safety and have great potential to contribute to transportation sustainability. However, their safety depends on the accuracy of the programmed rules and algorithms that guide their decision-making process. This paper introduces an adaptive traffic management system that integrates a formal traffic safety rule defined by pre-established bounds for Traffic Conflict Techniques. This system enables dynamic speed adjustments for vehicles violating the traffic safety rule in order to prevent potential collisions. To evaluate the effectiveness of our approach, we study a traffic flow on the SR528 highway in Orlando, Florida, and analyze the behavior of each vehicle in traffic based on extracted traffic safety indicators such as time-to-collision and space headway. This analysis is performed by the traffic safety rule to identify violating vehicles, and the speed update is achieved through the integration of the computer algebra system Mathematica and a micro-simulation tool called SUMO. Our study aims to improve the safety and efficiency of the traffic flow by combining simulation, TCTs analysis, and semi-formal tools like Mathematica to aid in the decision-making process of vehicles during traffic events, particularly shockwaves. Preliminary results demonstrate the efficacy of our approach in mitigating the impact of shockwaves. After applying the speed update, we observe an increase in time-to-collision and space headway. This indicates improved safety and reduced likelihood of collisions. Our findings highlight the potential of adaptive traffic management systems to enhance transportation safety and efficiency.

BN SO45 - Reported criteria and safety for day case management of acute appendicitis

Abstract Background Acute appendicitis has an incidence of 7-8%. About 45,000 appendicectomies are performed in UK/year. Whilst day case surgery (DCS) is standard for cholecystectomies, hernia repair and even gastric bypass, reluctance exists in application of day care pathway for acute appendicitis. We aimed to review published literature on patient selection criteria, rates of day case discharge, readmission and re-intervention rates and patient satisfaction. Method A literature search was conducted in Embase, Pubmed and Medline for day case appendicectomy, Patient safety, selection criteria. A total of 116 papers were found. Once duplicates were removed, 75 studies underwent abstract screening from which 41 were full text screened. 29 publications were included in this review study. Data was collected on criteria for patient selection, length of stay, rate of DCS, rates of re-admission and re-intervention and patient/ relative satisfaction. Results Studies assessed DCS in children and/or adults. All authors included patients with uncomplicated appendicitis, well managed pain without opioid analgesia and adequate social support. Other authors additionally, only included patients under 65yrs old. The rates of DCS varied between 36.9% - 87%. Factors affecting DCS were time of admission and operation, female patients, symptom control and social factors. Rates of readmission ranged between 0-2.5% with no difference between DCS and admitted patients. Rates of re-intervention were low (0-2.5%) with a high patient satisfaction (87-91%). Late evening finishing of operation led to patient admission (77%) with no complications occurring within 48hrs. Conclusion Day case surgery for appendicectomy is reported to be safe provided adequate patient education and clear criteria for patient selection. No significant difference was found between the rates of re-intervention and re-admission between day case and admitted patients. We suggest standardising care pathways and provision of adequate education to both patients and staff as a method of safe day care discharge.

OGC SO31 - Treatment of cachexia in gastric cancer: A literature review exploring the use of natural anti-inflammatory products and their derivatives

Abstract Background Gastric cancer is a major cause of global cancer-related mortality, with 5-year survival rates of 7% in advanced disease. Cancer cachexia, characterised by irreversible skeletal muscle loss driven by systemic inflammation, contributes to approximately 20% of cancer-related deaths. Cachexia differs from malnutrition in that it cannot be fully reversed with nutritional support alone. Current treatments that focus on nutritional support, psychological counselling and anti-inflammatory medication are lacking in efficacy. Natural dietary supplements and their derivatives such as fatty acids, probiotics, amino acids, curcumin, ginger and resveratrol, may offer additional therapeutic benefits in managing gastric cancer cachexia. Method A comprehensive literature review was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of natural anti-inflammatory products in managing gastric cancer cachexia. The review focused on widely studied compounds including omega-3 fatty acids, probiotics, amino acids, curcumin, fucoidan, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), resveratrol and ginger, assessing their impact on inflammation, muscle mass preservation, and overall patient outcomes. Results Natural anti-inflammatory compounds demonstrate efficacy in mitigating cancer cachexia by reducing systemic inflammation and muscle wasting. Essential fatty acids from nuts, seeds, and fish oil decrease pro-inflammatory cytokines and improve chemotherapy tolerance. Probiotics reduce gut dysbiosis and may enhance chemotherapy tolerance. Essential amino acids may promote muscle anabolism and reduce catabolism. Curcumin, fucoidan, EGCG and ginger exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, with some improving appetite and reducing nausea. While promising, these compounds need further clinical trials to validate their efficacy and safety in cancer cachexia management. Conclusion Natural anti-inflammatory products hold promise as adjunctive therapies in management of gastric cancer cachexia. While preclinical evidence is encouraging, robust clinical trials are essential to confirm their efficacy and safety. Integrating these compounds with conventional treatments may offer a comprehensive approach to addressing the complex metabolic and inflammatory challenges of cancer cachexia, potentially improving patient outcomes. Future research should focus on understanding mechanisms, optimising dosages, and overcoming bioavailability challenges.

Promoting Sustainable Safety Work Environments: Factors Affecting Korean Workers’ Recognition of Their Right to Refuse Dangerous Work

(1) Background: The right to refuse dangerous work (RTRDW) is essential for preventing industrial accidents and protecting worker safety in Korea. However, its use remains limited in practice. This study seeks to identify the factors hindering its activation across industries such as construction, manufacturing, and services, offering a comprehensive analysis beyond previous research. (2) Methods: A survey was conducted across key industries to assess five factors—safety behavior, communication, management commitment, education and training, and education and training—using structural equation modeling (SEM) to evaluate their influence on the exercise of RTRDW. (3) Results: The SEM model showed a good fit (χ2 = 1151.333, p < 0.001, TLI = 0.978, CFI = 0.984, RMSEA = 0.05). The most significant factors influencing RTRDW were safety performance behavior and communication, while ambiguous regulations, poor training, and fear of job loss discouraged its use. (4) Conclusions: To improve RTRDW activation, clearer regulations, enhanced safety education and training, stronger management commitment, and better communication are necessary. Addressing these issues can help workers confidently exercise their right to refuse dangerous work, enhancing overall workplace safety. (5) Benefits: This study provides practical strategies for policymakers and industry leaders to promote safety, empowering workers to use RTRDW effectively and contributing to a safer work environment.

HPB SO35 - Outcomes of Transcystic Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration at the time of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in patients with small common bile duct diameter

Abstract Background Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy with Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration (LC+LCBDE) is a single stage therapeutic option for management of choledocholithiasis. There have been limited publications regarding the feasibility of transcystic LCBDE in patients with small (≤8mm) common bile ducts (CBD). This study seeks to examine the outcomes for patients with small ducts who underwent LC+LCBDE via a transcystic approach (LCBDE-t) in a district general hospital over a thirty-month period. Method Prospectively collected data regarding all patients who underwent LC+LCBDE-t over a period from January 2022 to June 2024 was retrospectively reviewed. Data including indication for surgery, CBD diameter, length of stay, complication rate, and readmission rate were determined from Electronic Care Records. Data were analysed using Microsoft Excel. Results 76 patients were identified. CBD diameter (almost all as measured at pre-operative Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography [MRCP]) ranged from 3.5mm to 8mm (average 6.32). One patient required conversion to open surgery due to difficulties with the LC element of the operation. Median postoperative length of stay was 1 day (range 0-32 days) and readmission rate was 5.33%. Five patients experienced a complication beyond Clavien-Dindo Grade II, with the most serious two being a bile leak and a postoperative bleed, both of which required further surgery. One patient required subsequent Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for retained CBD stones. Conclusion LCBDE is a safe and effective management option for patients in the setting of choledocholithiasis with small CBD diameter. Small CBD should not necessarily be a deterrent to consideration of transcystic LCBDE as a therapeutic option in appropriately selected patients.

BN SO35 - A Novel Ambulatory Pathway in the Management of Acute Pancreatitis

Abstract Background Acute Pancreatitis (AP) accounts for 20000 admissions per year, resulting in an average hospital stay of 5 days. Over 90% of patient have mild or moderate disease severity. Validated risk stratification tools such as the Harmless Acute Pancreatitis (HAP) score utilised alongside biochemical markers and clinical acumen can predict up to 97% of patients with a mild disease course. A pathway was introduced at two NHS centres to enable diagnosis and ambulatory management of patients with predicted mild AP with the aim of improving patient experience by preventing unnecessary admission, reducing pressure on surgical departments and providing safe outpatient management. Method The study took place at two sites: a district general hospital (DGH) and a tertiary referral centre. Pathway development occurred in parallel to pilot. Ambulation was defined as no overnight stay in a hospital bed. An initial retrospective review of all AP admissions was undertaken to understand current burden of disease and severity in our centres. Suitable patients were identified prospectively and data (demographics, biochemical markers, modified HAP score, severity of disease, complications, re-admission rate, surgical or endoscopic intervention) were collected for up to 30 days after discharge. AP ‘proforma’ were created to understand surgeons decision-making surrounding ambulation versus admission. Results Between November 2023 and May 2024, 99 patients with AP presented to the DGH surgical unit. Causes of AP included gallstones (n=55), idiopathic (n=21), alcohol (n=17), and post-ERCP (n=2). 38 patients (38%) were ambulated, with 23/38 (61%) returning for planned review within 72 hours. There were no mortalities in the ambulatory group. Three (7%) ambulated patients were re-admitted within 30 days for pain control (n=2) and post-cholecystectomy complications (n=1). Reasons for non-ambulation included: pain (n=30), inpatient cholecystectomy (n=4), poor oral intake (n=4), social reasons (n=3). In 4-week tertiary data collection, 5/17 (29%) eligible patients were ambulated, with 1 (20%) re-admission. Conclusion Pilot of a novel pathway to identify and ambulate patients with a predicted mild course of AP has been successful across two NHS centres. Use of validated risk scores alongside biochemical markers and clinical acumen produces a safe, sustainable and effective pathway that reduces burden on inpatient surgical resources. It is safe and feasible to ambulate patients with AP whilst undertaking diagnostic imaging, managing symptoms, facilitating expedited cholecystectomy and arranging specialist review in the outpatient setting. Further work is required with stakeholders to refine the pathway and replicate these results in other surgical units.

Specific road safety issues in LMICs: an overview and some illustrative examples

This paper gives an overview of the work of PIARC Working Group 3.1.1 ‘Specific road safety issues for LMICs’. The working group performed its activities in the period 2019–2023. We prepared two deliverables: (a) a literature review, and (b) an overview of illustrative examples. The review started from the notion that the road safety problem requires a multi-disciplinary approach. The safe system approach is generally considered as the central concept for this purpose and this starting point is also taken in this study. However new directions are needed to make the safe system concept work in LMICs. The period of the first UN Decade of Action for Road Safety has brought us a series of valuable problem analysis and overview articles prepared by a variety of institutions and institutes. As a PIARC working group we did not repeat this effort, but used it as a starting point to indicate which specific issues do require a boost in LMICs for the coming period up to 2030. We concluded that the following 12 issues deserve special attention. Strategical: (i) Sustainable Development Goals integral approach, (ii) safety culture, (iii) road safety management and leadership, (iv) building road safety expertise and science; Tactical: (v) transportation system as a whole, (vi) city design, architecture, land use, rural planning, (vii) cost effectiveness, (viii) legislation and enforcement; Operational: (ix) speed, (x) sustainable safe roads, (xi) vehicles as a safe system component, (xii) post-crash health care. As a result of our discussions and analyses we also concluded that it is worthwhile and necessary to make a distinction between the issues in terms of levels of approach. Making roads and vehicles safe may be considered as operational safety measures on a component level, whereas city design and transport system issues do represent a more tactical approach. On top of that, organisational and cultural aspects do have a more strategical nature. As in many managerial and planning tasks the distinction between strategical, tactical and operational levels of approach is needed in the road safety field. It illustrates that the Safe System concept asks for a multi-level vision, thus preventing a silo approach with a limited focus on human behaviour, safe roads or vehicle safety. A further analysis for each of the selected issues resulted in priority areas, i.e. topics that deserve special attention in the LMIC context. In a similar line of reasoning we also described illustrative examples, i.e. LMIC related before-after studies that show the perspective of certain measures on an evidence basis. Although we found some illustrative cases for each of these issues, our search for evidence based cases confirmed the findings from recent overview articles indicating the lack of LMIC related road safety research. A more widespread implementation of effective road safety measures in LMICs would require a stronger national commitment and leadership from the road safety agencies point of view in the first place. Moreover an evidence based policy asks for a strong national and regional knowledge infrastructure. Ultimately road safety policies and road safety research programs are to be considered as inseparable. A strong local knowledge infrastructure may thus become the basis for an effective national road safety policy.

The effectiveness of implementing the HACCP system to ensure the quality of food products in regions with ecological problems

This study developed and implemented a specific HACCP plan for the meat pate “Phirmennyi” at the small meat processing enterprise “Alteev” in Semey, Kazakhstan. The research, conducted in collaboration with the Department of Food Production Technology and Biotechnology at Shakarim University, was carried out in an area affected by the ecological consequences of the former Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site. The study aimed to identify critical control points (CCPs) and assess potential risks following the Technical Regulations of the Customs Union. Additionally, it evaluated the effectiveness of the HACCP plan in reducing contaminants, such as heavy metals, radionuclides, and pesticides, while considering the region’s environmental impact on food safety and quality. Standard procedures were followed for hazard analysis, CCP identification, setting critical limits, monitoring, corrective actions, verification, and record-keeping. Heavy metals were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, while Cs-137 radionuclides were analyzed with scintillation and semiconductor gamma spectrometers. Statistical analysis was conducted in Microsoft Excel to compute mean values, standard deviations, and correlations, with significance defined at p ≤ 0.05. Five CCPs were identified during the production of an experimental batch of meat pâté, including raw material acceptance, blanching, cooking, cooling, and packaging/storage. Implementing this plan resulted in a reduction in contaminants, including a decrease in lead from 0.55 to 0.51 mg/kg, arsenic from 0.12 to 0.07 mg/kg, and Cs-137 from 7.2 to 6.8 Bq/kg. By addressing both the contaminants and the specific environmental context of the region, this research demonstrates the critical role of a well-structured food safety plan. The HACCP system not only improved food quality but also ensured compliance with safety standards, providing reassurance to consumers. This case study advocates for broader adoption of food safety management in regions with similar ecological challenges, promoting a more sustainable and secure food supply chain.

Patient safety management activities and perceived workload of shift‐work nurses, moderated by the perceived importance of patient safety management

AbstractAimTo explore the relationship between patient safety management and each aspect of nurses’ workload and to report the moderating effects of the perceived importance of patient safety management on these relationships.BackgroundAs the importance of patient safety is emphasized, nurses’ work demands, including patient identification, infection control, and prevention of falls and pressure ulcers, are increasing. However, differences according to hospital type and nurses’ increased workload have not been considered when measuring nurses’ workload.MethodsThis study used a cross‐sectional research design and an online survey, adhering to the STROBE reporting guidelines. The study population consisted of 215 shift‐work nurses employed in tertiary or general hospitals in Korea. Data were collected in January 2024.ResultsPatient safety management activities had a positive effect on the pace and amount of work, emotional workload, and mental workload, and a negative effect on work organization (interruption). The perceived importance of patient safety management negatively moderated the effects of perceived patient safety management activities on emotional workload and work organization.ConclusionThis study clarifies the relationship between patient safety activities and each aspect of nurses’ workload. The additional demands on nurses due to patient safety management activities should be considered when measuring their workloads and determining adequate nurse staffing levels.Implications for nursing and health policyTo manage the burden of nurses’ work demands effectively, it is essential to maintain adequate staffing levels and continuously monitor the patient safety climate. This approach will increase nurses’ perception of the importance of patient safety management. Continuous education on patient safety should also be provided.

Synergistic applications of quantum dots and magnetic nanomaterials in pathogen detection: a comprehensive review.

The rapid and accurate detection of pathogens is crucial for effective disease prevention and management in healthcare, food safety, and environmental monitoring. While conventional pathogen detection methods like culture-based techniques and PCR are sensitive and selective, they are often time-consuming, require skilled operators, and are not suitable for point-of-care or on-site testing. To address these limitations, innovative sensor technologies have emerged that leverage the unique properties of nanomaterials. Quantum dots (QDs) and magnetic nanomaterials are two classes of nanomaterials that have shown particular promise for pathogen sensing. This review comprehensively examines the synergistic applications of QDs and magnetic nanomaterials for detecting bacteria, viruses, phages, and parasites.

Healthcare and Pharmacy Staffs' Experiences on Medication Management for Migrants—A Qualitative Exploratory Case Study in Primary Health Care

ABSTRACTAimTo explore what healthcare staff and staff in pharmacies experiences, as challenges, and possibilities in handling and use medications by foreign‐born persons or their relatives, and how necessary information is exchanged between different units in the healthcare chain to prevent medication errors.DesignA qualitative explorative single‐unit case study in a primary healthcare centre, with connected home care and pharmacies in an immigrant‐dense area.MethodsIndividual semi‐structured interviews with 17 respondents, including pharmacists, physicians and registered nurses, were conducted between May and December 2022, in Sweden. Inductive qualitative content analysis was applied.ResultsSix categories were identified: limited knowledge about medications, lack of knowledge about the Swedish system for medication prescriptions and pharmacy regulations, insufficient time to develop trusting relations, communication to support medication management, tools for facilitating safe use of medications and problems in exchange of information in the healthcare chain.ConclusionGood communication is both a challenge and a prerequisite for safe medication management by well‐informed patients. To ensure patient safety, it is crucial to establish ways to communicate with patients about their medications, regardless of their language skills. Improving communication within the healthcare chain is essential to prevent medication errors.Implication for the Profession and Patient CareUnderstanding the complexity of medication management and preventing medication errors requires staff to communicate effectively with patients at all steps in the healthcare chain to identify their informational and educational needs.ImpactThis study provides a comprehensive understanding of the importance of communication within the healthcare chain, including prescribing physicians, nurses, pharmacists and patients, to prevent medication errors.Reporting MethodCOREQ checklist.Patient or Public ContributionThis study focused on staff at a healthcare centre and two pharmacies.

Integrated Quality and Food Safety Management Implementation in China’s Food Processing SMEs in China

Integrated Quality and Food Safety Management Implementation in China’s Food Processing SMEs in China

Phyto-pharmaceuticals as a safe and potential alternative in management of psoriasis: a review

Abstract Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin disease with a worldwide prevalence of 1–3 % results from uncontrolled proliferation of keratinocytes and affects millions of people. While there are various treatment options available, some of them may come with potential side effects and limitations. Recent research has shown that using bioactive compounds that originate from natural sources with a lower risk of side effects are relatively useful in safe management psoriasis. Bioactive compounds are molecules that are naturally available with potential therapeutic efficacy. Some of bioactive compounds that have shown promising results in the management of psoriasis include curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, etc., possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anti-proliferative properties, with capabilities to suppress overall pathogenesis of psoriasis. Moreover, these bioactive compounds are generally considered as safe and are well-tolerated, making them potential options for long-term use in the management of various conditions linked with psoriasis. In addition, these natural products may also offer a more holistic approach to treat the disease, which is appealing to many patients. This review explores the bioactive compounds in mitigation of psoriasis either in native or incorporated within novel drug delivery. Moreover, recent clinical findings in relation to natural product usage have been also explored.

CTNI-07. LONG-TERM EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF LAROTRECTINIB IN PATIENTS WITH TRK FUSION PRIMARY CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS) TUMORS: AN UPDATED ANALYSIS

Abstract BACKGROUND Larotrectinib is a highly selective TRK inhibitor approved for TRK fusion tumor-agnostic use. We report updated data on larotrectinib-treated patients with TRK fusion primary CNS tumors. METHODS Patients enrolled in 2 clinical trials (NCT02637687 [SCOUT], NCT02576431 [NAVIGATE]) were included. Responses were independent review committee (IRC)-assessed (RANO). Patients from SCOUT could stop larotrectinib in the absence of on-treatment progression (wait-and-see). Data cutoff: July 2023. RESULTS Fifty-five patients (38 aged <18 years at enrolment) were evaluated, including 16 with non-measurable disease at baseline. Tumor histologic groups included: high-grade glioma (HGG; n=32), low-grade glioma (LGG; n=15), and other (n=8). For all patients (n=55), ORR was 27% (95% CI 16-41): 3 CR, 12 PR, 24 SD (15 for >24 weeks), 12 PD, and 4 not evaluable. For pediatric patients (n=38), ORR was 37% (95% CI 22-54). ORR in patients with measurable disease only was 38% (95% CI 23-55) for all patients (n=39) and 52% (95% CI 32-71) for pediatric patients (n=27). The 24-week disease control rates were 55% (95% CI 41-68) and 74% (95% CI 57-87) for all patients and pediatric patients, respectively. Median time to response, DoR, PFS, and OS were 2, 12 (95% CI 6-not estimable [NE]), 12 (95% CI 7-20), and 38 months (95% CI 23-NE), respectively. Treatment duration ranged from 1 to 64+ months. At data cutoff, 1 pediatric patient with HGG and 4 with LGG entered wait-and-see; median duration of first wait-and-see period was 20 months (range 4-29). One pediatric patient with LGG resumed treatment following disease progression in wait-and-see. Treatment-related adverse events were predominantly Grade 1/2. CONCLUSION Larotrectinib demonstrated rapid, durable responses and manageable safety in patients with TRK fusion primary CNS tumors. This supports the adoption of NGS panels containing NTRK gene fusions when testing patients to identify those who might benefit from TRK inhibitor therapy.

Application of multi-modal temporal neural network based on enhanced sparrow optimization in lithium battery life prediction

This paper introduces the DeNet-Mamba-DC-SCSSA network, an advanced solution for predicting the Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of lithium-ion batteries, crucial for the safety and efficiency management of electric vehicles. Combining the robust Denoising Enhancement Network (DeNet), the Improved Sparrow Optimization Algorithm (SCSSA), the adept Mamba time-series model, and the proficient Dilated Convolution (DC), this model excels in precise noise handling and sophisticated feature extraction. DeNet diligently refines input data, mitigating noise interference, while Mamba skillfully captures sequential intricacies. DC, on the other hand, adeptly extracts features over varying time scales, ensuring meticulous RUL predictions.The model’s efficacy was rigorously tested on NASA and CALCE datasets and was benchmarked against cutting-edge algorithms. Remarkably, it reduced average RE and RMSE by 48.59% and 21.45%, respectively, showcasing its superior performance and accuracy. Further evaluation on the CALCE dataset against the latest methods affirmed its leading predictive precision and stability.The model’s robustness and practical applicability were further validated using real vehicle data from a new energy vehicle platform. In a challenging test, it accurately predicted the charging capacities corresponding to the mileage of four vehicles with minimal errors: 0.52 Ah, 1.03 Ah, 0.84 Ah, and 0.71 Ah. These results significantly surpassed those of other recent methods, highlighting the model’s exceptional generalizability and potential for real-world applications in electric vehicle battery management.

Accepting Technology in Aviation Safety Risk Management: an extension of the technology acceptance model

Aviation safety is paramount, and advancements in technology play a pivotal role in mitigating risks and enhancing operational efficiency. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) has been widely utilised to understand the adoption of various technologies across industries. However, its application within the context of aviation risk assessment requires nuanced considerations due to the unique operational environment and stringent safety requirements. This paper critically reviews existing literature on TAM and its adaptations in aviation risk assessment, identifying limitations and gaps. Drawing from interdisciplinary insights in psychology, human factors, and aviation safety, this paper proposes an enhanced framework for TAM tailored specifically to the aviation industry. The proposed model integrates key constructs such as perceived usefulness of technology in this area, trust in technology, system complexity, and organizational factors to provide a comprehensive understanding of technology acceptance within aviation risk assessment practices. By enhancing the TAM framework, this paper aims to offer valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and regulators involved in aviation safety management and technology integration efforts.

NCOG-05. HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE (HRQOL) IN THE PHASE 2 FIREFLY-1 (PNOC026) TRIAL OF THE TYPE II RAF INHIBITOR TOVORAFENIB IN RELAPSED/REFRACTORY (R/R) PEDIATRIC LOW-GRADE GLIOMA (PLGG)

Abstract BACKGROUND Despite favorable long-term survival, ongoing disease and treatment-related morbidity substantially impact the HRQOL of patients with pLGG. Tovorafenib is a selective, CNS-penetrant, type II RAF inhibitor. Results from the ongoing FIREFLY-1 (NCT04775485) phase 2 study (Kilburn LK, et al. Nat Med. 2023) showed clinically meaningful responses and a manageable safety profile in pLGG. Vision remained stable or improved in 89% of evaluable patients with optic pathway gliomas (Nysom K, et al. Neuro-Oncol. 2023). METHODS FIREFLY-1 arm 1 patients 6 months–25 years of age with RAF-altered r/r pLGG received tovorafenib 420 mg/m2 weekly (600 mg max) in 28-day cycles. Exploratory measures included longitudinal assessment of PedsQL in patients ≥2 years of age. PedsQL 3.0 Cancer Module child self-reports Total Score and 8 subscales were used to assess HRQOL from 0 (worst)–100 (fewer problems/symptoms) (as of December 22, 2022) baseline (BL) to cycle 13 (C13) in patients ≥5 years of age. RESULTS For the PedsQL 3.0 Cancer Module, 51 completed self-reports at BL, and 32 at C13 due to continued attrition over time. Median Total Score was 81.5 (range: 46.3-100) at BL and 85.2 (range: 50-100) at C13. At C4, 16% worsened (decrease >10 points) and 11% improved (increase >10 points); by C13, 11% worsened and 33% improved. For Cognitive Problems, patients scored a median of 75 (range: 5-100) at BL and 85 (range: 20-100) at C13, with 11% and 26% improved at C4 and C13, respectively. A similar trend was seen with Nausea. Pain and Hurt remained even throughout (median: 87.5). Treatment Anxiety was not a major concern (median: 100, C1-C13); Procedural Anxiety improved over time (median: 58.3 BL; 79.2 at C13). CONCLUSIONS HRQOL generally remained stable, or improved, in the majority of patients with r/r pLGG during the first year of treatment with tovorafenib.

CTNI-47. A PHASE 1, RANDOMIZED, PERIOPERATIVE TRIAL OF VORASIDENIB AND IVOSIDENIB IN IDH1-MUTANT DIFFUSE GLIOMA: UPDATED RESULTS

Abstract BACKGROUND Vorasidenib (VOR) and ivosidenib (IVO) showed clinical activity in subjects with isocitrate dehydrogenase mutant (mIDH) gliomas. We evaluated both agents in a phase 1, randomized, open-label perioperative trial (NCT03343197). Pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary objective response rate (ORR) data as of 29-April-2020 were previously reported (Mellinghoff et al. Nat Med. 2023). Progression-free survival (PFS) data were not mature at publication time. We report here longer-term follow-up results, including mature PFS. METHODS Participants with grade 2/3 non-enhancing mIDH1 R132H mutant gliomas were randomized to VOR (50 or 10 mg QD), IVO (500 or 250 mg BID), or no treatment (control) for 4 weeks prior to planned surgery, with the option to continue treatment with VOR or IVO post-surgery. Secondary objectives included PFS, ORR assessed by Investigator in the post-surgery period, and safety profile of VOR and IVO. RESULTS Enrollment completed in April-2019. 49 participants were randomized, of which 46 participants (24 oligodendroglioma, 20 astrocytoma, 1 anaplastic oligodendroglioma, 1 anaplastic oligoastrocytoma) received treatment with either VOR (N=24) or IVO (N=22) after surgery. As of 23-September-2023 data cutoff, 11 (46%) and 5 (20%) participants remain on treatment for VOR and IVO, respectively. Median (range) post-operative treatment duration was 44.7 months (0.9–62.7) for VOR, 23.9 months (0–62.7) for IVO. Median (95% CI) PFS was 41.4 months (9.3, NE) for VOR and 38.6 months (18.3, NE) for IVO. ORR per Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology in low-grade gliomas (RANO-LGG) was 46% for VOR and 27% for IVO. Longer safety follow up will also be presented. CONCLUSION These results provide further evidence of prolonged response using IVO and VOR immediately following surgery in predominantly non-enhancing gliomas. This longer-term follow-up is consistent with Phase 3 INDIGO study results where VOR demonstrated PFS benefit with manageable safety compared with placebo in participants with non-enhancing mIDH gliomas.

CTNI-09. TYPE II RAF INHIBITOR TOVORAFENIB IN RELAPSED/REFRACTORY (R/R) PEDIATRIC LOW-GRADE GLIOMA (PLGG): RESULTS FROM PATIENTS ON A DRUG HOLIDAY (DH) IN THE PHASE 2 FIREFLY-1 TRIAL

Abstract BACKGROUND Tovorafenib, a selective, CNS-penetrant, type II RAF inhibitor, received US FDA accelerated approval for r/r BRAF-altered pLGG. Results from the ongoing FIREFLY-1 (NCT04775485) phase 2 study (Kilburn LK, et al. Nat Med. 2023) in this population showed clinically meaningful tumor responses and a manageable safety profile. METHODS Patients in FIREFLY-1 treated for ≥26 cycles (~24 months) who entered a DH period were routinely assessed every 3 cycles; once-weekly tovorafenib 420 mg/m2 (not to exceed 600 mg) could be restarted if there was radiographic and/or clinical evidence of new disease progression. RESULTS As of the April 19, 2024 data cutoff, 26 patients (BRAF fusion: 22; BRAF V600E mutation: 4) (33.8%) of 77 patients in arm 1 (pLGG registrational) had completed 2 years of treatment and started a DH. No patients on a DH withdrew. Twenty-four patients (92.3%) remain on a DH, of which 22 were evaluable for response (duration range: 0.6-10.9 months); duration of response off-treatment ranged from 0.0-8.5 months. (Ranges exclude 2 non-evaluable patients treated beyond radiographic progression who remained on treatment in first 26 cycles due to ongoing clinical benefit; both remain on DH without clinical progression.) Two patients had tumor progression while on a DH and restarted treatment; 1 patient with a BRAF V600E mutation progressed (≥25% in tumor size) after 1 month (rebound growth per O’Hare P., et al. Neuro-Oncol. 2024: ≥25% increase [per RANO-LGG] w/in 6 months of stopping treatment) and has been on retreatment for 4 months; 1 patient with a BRAF fusion progressed after 9 months and has been on retreatment for 3 months. Treatment-related adverse events of any grade experienced by patients on retreatment were alopecia and rash (1 each). Independent radiographic analysis for response during retreatment is ongoing. CONCLUSIONS Tovorafenib provided durable tumor responses off-treatment in patients with r/r pLGG on a DH in FIREFLY-1.