Bagasse Saccharum Officinarum Research Articles

Biotechnological Processing of Sugarcane Bagasse through Solid-State Fermentation with White Rot Fungi into Nutritionally Rich and Digestible Ruminant Feed

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) bagasse (SCB) is one of the most widely produced lignocellulosic biomasses and has great potential to be recycled for sustainable food production as ruminant animal feed. However, due to severe lignification, i.e., lignin-(hemi)-cellulose complexes, ruminants can only ferment a minor fraction of the polysaccharides trapped in such recalcitrant lignocellulosic biomasses. This study was therefore designed to systematically evaluate the improvement in nutritional value, the in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), and the rate and extent of in vitro total gas (IVGP) and methane (CH4) production during the 72 h in vitro ruminal fermentation of SCB, bioprocessed with Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus djamor, Calocybe indica and Pleurotus ostreatus under solid-state fermentation (SSF) for 0, 21 and 56 days. The contents of neutral detergent fiber, lignin, hemicellulose and CH4 production (% of IVGP) decreased (p < 0.05), whereas crude protein (CP), IVDMD and total IVGP increased (p < 0.05) after the treatment of SCB for 21 and 56 days with all white-rot fungi (WRF) species. The greatest (p < 0.05) improvement in CP (104.1%), IVDMD (38.8%) and IVGP (49.24%) and the greatest (p < 0.05) reduction in lignin (49.3%) and CH4 (23.2%) fractions in total IVGP were recorded for SCB treated with C. indica for 56 days. Notably, C. indica degraded more than (p < 0.05) lignin and caused greater (p < 0.05) improvement in IVDMD than those recorded for other WRF species after 56 days. The increase in IVGP was strongly associated with lignin degradation (R2 = 0.72) and a decrease in the lignin-to-cellulose ratio (R2 = 0.95) during the bioprocessing of SCB. Our results demonstrated that treatment of SCB with (selective) lignin-degrading WRF can improve the nutritional value and digestibility of SCB, and C. indica presents excellent prospects for the rapid, selective and more extensive degradation of lignin and, as such, for the improvement in nutritional value and digestibility of SCB for ruminant nutrition.

Cello-MOF filters for multifaceted emerging pollutant abatement and their value addition

The current study showcases the effective utilization of Saccharum officinarum bagasse (SB), a prominent agricultural waste product, as a valuable precursor for the production of adsorptive filters. These pristine filters were subsequently augmented with MIL-88 (Fe) to incorporate functionally active sites. The fabricated filters exhibited exceptional efficacy in the removal of cationic dyes such as methylene blue, malachite green, crystal violet and rhodamine B; pharmaceutical wastes namely ciprofloxacin and paracetamol, and metal ion, chromate. The adsorption capacity for methylene blue (MB) using the MIL-88 (Fe) integrated SBF material significantly surpassed expectations, demonstrating an impressive capacity of 602 mg/g in batch adsorption mode. Furthermore, the drain-type system, equipped with stacked MIL-88(Fe)@SB filters, consistently and effectively removed organic contaminants from the continuous water flow. Additionally, they proved to be highly efficient in the separation of oil–water emulsions, serving as an effective barrier with a separation efficiency of upto ∼100 %. In addition to their primary use, the filters were repurposed as valuable electrode materials by high temperature carbonization of the filters at 800 °C for 3 h under N2 atmosphere, for the development of point-of-use energy storage devices. This secondary application demonstrated remarkable results, with the devices achieving a substantial capacitance value of 88 F/g at a current density of 0.1 A/g. This reutilization not only enhances the sustainability and economic feasibility of the filtering system but also opens promising avenues for the utilization of waste materials in the realm of energy storage. While prior studies have primarily focused on the application of metal–organic framework (MOF)-based filters for the removal of specific contaminants, our present research represents a multifaceted approach. It not only addresses the challenges of diverse pollutant removal but also delves into the transformative potential of these filters in supercapacitor devices.

Biomass-Derived Dialdehyde Cellulose Cross-linked Chitosan-Based Nanocomposite Hydrogel with Phytosynthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Enhanced Curcumin Delivery and Bioactivity

A sustainable biomass-based nanocomposite hydrogel was formulated, characterized, and applied for curcumin delivery. Phytosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) employing musk melon (Cucumis melo) seed extract was embedded in the hydrogel matrices and cross-linked using Dialdehyde cellulose prepared from sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) bagasse (SCB). Nanoparticle incorporation enhanced the hydrogel's swelling degree to 4048% at pH 4.0. Also, an improved tensile strength of 14.1 ± 0.32 MPa was exhibited by the nanocomposite hydrogel compared to 9.79 ± 0.76 MPa for the pure chitosan cellulose hydrogel. A curcumin loading efficiency of 89.68% with around 30% increased loading was exhibited for the nanocomposite hydrogel. A Fickian diffusion-controlled curcumin release mechanism with maximum release at pH 7.4 was obtained. The synergistic effect on the antimicrobial activity was exhibited against Staphylococcus aureus and Trichophyton rubrum. The in vitro cytotoxicity studies employing L929 cells and A431 cells demonstrated good biocompatibility and enhanced anticancer activity of the curcumin-loaded green nanocomposite hydrogel compared to pure curcumin.

Biosorption studies of lead II from aqueous solution by immobilized Sugarcane bagasse Saccharum officinarum L. onto alginate Polvinyl glutaraldehyde

Biosorption studies of lead II from aqueous solution by immobilized Sugarcane bagasse Saccharum officinarum L. onto alginate Polvinyl glutaraldehyde

Benign Approach of Plant-Derived Inhibitor: Assessing Their Anticorrosive Activity on Mild Steel in Acidic Media

The dissolution behavior of mild steel in 2 M H2SO4 with various concentrations of Borassus Flabellifer Seed Food (BFSF), Musa Paradisiaca Dry Leaf (MPDL), and Saccharum Officinarum Bagasse (SOB) was evaluated using both mass loss and electrochemical methods. It is evident from the results that the biomaterial extracts could be precious inhibitors for the corrosion of mild steel in sulfuric acid media. The inhibition efficiency of the tested inhibitors enhanced with increase in BFSF, MPDL, and SOB concentrations but diminished with increasing temperature. The free energy of the adsorption, apparent activation energy, enthalpy, and entropy of the dissolution process were discussed at 35–60 °C. Impedance curves showed that the charge transfer resistance increased and double-layer capacitance decreased with increase in concentration of tested inhibitors. Scanning electron microscope images revealed that the damage of mild steel surface has diminished in the presence of BFSF, MPDL, and SOB.

High sugar yields from sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) bagasse using low-temperature aqueous ammonia pretreatment and laccase-mediator assisted enzymatic hydrolysis

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) bagasse (SCB) is a promising feedstock for cellulosic ethanol production. Combination of low energy pretreatments with efficient enzymatic saccharification is desirable to reduce process cost. SCB was converted into fermentable sugars with high yield by aqueous ammonia soaking (AAS) pretreatment and laccase-mediator assisted enzymatic hydrolysis. The optimal process conditions for AAS were determined as 20% aqueous ammonia, 50°C, 48h residence time and 1.2mm particle size by employing response surface method. Hydrolysis of pretreated SCB by cellulases resulted in release of 57.30% of total sugars in the raw SCB. Addition of laccase to cellulase enzyme mixture enhanced the total sugar yield to 68.2%. When the mediator 1-hydroxybenzotriazole was added to the cellulase-laccase cocktail, the total sugar yield was improved to 78.4%. The mediator also reduced the amount of laccase required for maximum sugar yield. The glucan conversion of pretreated SCB with cellulase-laccase-mediator cocktail was 86%, which is higher than the reported levels of glucan conversion for SCB pretreated by AAS at high temperature. Therefore, the combination of low-temperature AAS and laccase-mediator assisted enzymatic hydrolysis would be useful to develop low-energy biomass conversion process.