Russian Scientific Works Research Articles

The Relationship of Emotional Intelligence and Psychological Reasonableness of Adolescents with the Peculiarities of Child-parent Relations

Introduction. The article is aimed at studying the relationship of emotional intelligence, as well as psychological reasonableness of adolescents with the peculiarities of the mother’s relationship to the child. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that today in Russian scientific works the topic of psychological intelligence is not sufficiently covered. The study of its connections with emotional intelligence will allow us to understand the relationship between these characteristics for a deeper understanding of the emotional sphere of adolescents, and the study of its connections with the mother’s parenting style will allow us to better understand the process of its formation.Objective. investigate the interrelationships of emotional intelligence and psychological reasonableness of adolescents with the peculiarities of maternal attitude towards them.Materials and methods. Adolescents aged 13 to 15 years (n = 43) were studied as an empirical object. To study emotional intelligence, the methodology “Emotional intelligence of adolescents” by Sadokov and Voronkin was chosen, and the “Scale of Psychological reasonableness, SPR/PMS” was used to study psychological reasonableness in the adaptation of Novikova and Kornilova. The “Teenagers about parents” technique was using the peculiarities of the mother’s relationship to the teenager were established.Results. The emotional intelligence of adolescents tends to be low, while maintaining the average values of psychological reasonableness. Statistically significant negative associations were found between hostility, inconsistency, and criticality of the mother towards the teenager with factors of emotional intelligence and psychological reasonableness. A positive relationship was also revealed between the closeness of the mother with the teenager and his psychological intelligence.Discussion. The results obtained are confirmed in the concepts of other authors. Thus, the preservation of an average level of psychological intelligence with low emotional intelligence of adolescents is explained by the abundance of psychological information in the Internet space in which adolescents spend most of their time. Data on the negative relationship of hostility and criticism of the mother with the peculiarities of emotional intelligence and psychological reasonableness are also confirmed: parents who reject, ignore and criticize a teenager can mainly raise teenagers with a low level of emotional intelligence who do not seek to discuss their problems.

РОЛЬ СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДНОГО РЕГИОНА В РАЗВИТИИ РОССИЙСКОГО РЫНКА СЖИЖЕННОГО ПРИРОДНОГО ГАЗА

The article is devoted to assessing the prospects for the development of the liquefied natural gas market in the context of modern challenges, threats and risks. The Russian scientific works and inventions related to the study of the production, application, storage, and supply of liquefied natural gas to the world market are analyzed. It is determined that Russia has the necessary potential for domestic consumption and export of the energy resource in question to foreign countries. The importance of the North-Western Federal District in the implementation of projects important for the development of the liquefied natural gas market in Russia and the country’s retention of leading positions in the global energy market is shown.

Issues of countering the shadow economy in the scientific literature

The article summarizes the theoretical and methodological tools for studying the shadow economy in foreign and domestic scholarship. A comparative analysis of the existing and used diagnostic approaches for scaling the shadow economy, including review articles devoted to this paper, is carried out. The characteristics of scientific publications on countering the shadow economy are presented. In the course of the study, an analysis of features and directions of research by Russian and foreign scientists of the phenomenon of “shadow economy” was carried out, a comparison of the data array of scientific publications by bibliometric methods (VOSviewer) conducted on the international databases Dimensions, which is one of the new and is characterized by its objectivity, and the Scopus database, which is the most qualitative and widespread for the analysis of bibliographic data. It was revealed that studies in the format of articles on the shadow economy are mostly published in the humanities, which is more consistent with the Scopus database. For domestic articles, the eLIBRARY.RU scientific electronic library was used, as one of the largest and most authoritative bibliographic databases in Russia. It was revealed that the citation rate of Russian scientific works is low, but at the same time there are high counts of downloads and views, which indicates interest in this topic, but also the low scientific significance of these publications. According to the authors, in domestic and foreign scientific publications, there are insufficient recommendations on counteracting the shadow economy and, taking into account the conclusions of the analysis of methods for measuring the scale of the shadow economy, insufficient attention is paid to the regionalization of factors in the development of shadow economic relations, which would make it possible to increase the practical efficiency of the scientific research. A review of methods for measuring the scale of the shadow economy allows us to conclude that it is difficult to understand what the shadow economy is.

ДИДАКТИЧЕСКИЙ ПОТЕНЦИАЛ МУЛЬТИПЛИКАЦИИ В РАЗВИТИИ РЕЧИ СТАРШИХ ДОШКОЛЬНИКОВ С БИСЕНСОРНЫМИ НАРУШЕНИЯМИ

Statement of the problem. Modern researchers emphasize the need for practical use of new tools, including the use of information and communication tools, learning and development of children with disabilities. One of the growing groups of children with disabilities is a group of preschoolers with simultaneous hearing and visual impairments. With regard to this group of children, the problem field for research is wide, and scientific developments are few. Therefore, the problem of finding means of comprehensive development of preschool children with bisensory impairments, and, in particular, their speech development, remains quite relevant in visual impairment pedagogy. One of such means, according to the authors of the article, is cartoon animation. The purpose of the article is to disclose the didactic potential of cartoon animation as a pedagogical tool in the development of speech among preschool children with significant hearing impairment and simultaneous visual impairment in the degree of visually impaired. Methodology (materials and methods) The research methodology is based on the fundamental scientific work of S.A. Zykov, revealing the essence of communicative-activity system and its leading role in the speech development of children with hearing impairment; it is also based on the analysis of foreign and Russian scientific works, revealing the content of innovative approaches in teaching children with bisensory impairment. Research results. The article reveals the didactic potential of cartoon animation as a means of speech development among children with significant hearing impairment corrected by hearing aids or cochlear implants and simultaneous visual impairment in the degree of amblyopia. It is shown that the essential content of the process of creating cartoons in the joint activity of children and adults, as well as the use of ready-made cartoons, plays an essential role in the complex process of speech development, namely, in the development of grammatical structure of speech, coherent speech, and enrichment of the vocabulary. We have developed an algorithm for the joint activities of an adult and a child with simultaneous hearing and vision impairment in the creation of cartoon films aimed at the speech development of this group of children. Conclusion. Cartoon animation, being a modern information and communication tool, has a high potential for application in defectology. The process of creating cartoons in the joint activity of preschool children with bisensory impairments and adults, as well as the use of ready-made cartoons they have created, is potentially one of the effective techniques of the communicative-activational system used in deaf-blind pedagogy and typhlo-surdopedagogy. The process of creating cartoons can be used as a means of developing all components of speech in preschool children with significant hearing impairment with correction by hearing aids or cochlear implants and simultaneous visual impairment of low vision.

Digital currency: features of regulation in the Russian Federation

The subject of research, relevance. The development of digital technologies has an impact on almost all areas of society, including the financial sphere. This is the reason for a serious controversy to develop recently and to continue both at the international and national levels in terms of approaches to their legal regulation. This discussion affects both public law and private law. The emergence of such a phenomenon as digital currencies raises the question of their legalization for legislators of various states. The answer to such a question cannot be found without studying the legal consequences of making such a decision for both individuals and the financial system of the state. The purpose. The article puts forward and substantiates a hypothesis that the choice of legal methods for regulating virtual assets is a matter of legal policy, and not just matter of research in the field of defining virtual assets as objects of law or type of property. As a result, when choosing methods of legal regulation of virtual (digital) assets, not only the impact of these legal entities on legal economic turnover (including such issues as the possibility of using excess generated electricity or taxation issues) should be assessed, but also the risk of stimulating illegal "economic" turnover (turnover of things and services in the Darknet, limited turnover of things, for example, drugs), as well as the impact on the financial system. The methodological basis. Various scientific methods of cognition were used to write the article, including system-structural, formal-logical, comparative-legal and dialectical. The research is based on the principles of interdependence and interconnectedness of social processes. The main results, scope of application. The article examines the main approaches to the regulation of digital currencies, studies the phenomenon of digital currency itself, assesses the circumstances that aroused massive interest and enthusiasm for cryptocurrencies. An analysis of current positive legal material is presented, in particular, the approach to the regulation of digital currency contained in the Russian Federal Law of July 31, 2020 No. 259- FZ "On digital financial assets, digital currency and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation". The main differences between digital currencies and such a legal phenomenon as digital rights (including utilitarian digital rights and digital financial assets) are noted. It is noted that in most Russian scientific works in the field of law devoted to digital currencies, attention is paid to the definition of digital currency as an object of civil rights, the foreign experience of attempts of legal regulation of cryptocurrency is considered, emphasis is placed on the positive aspects of the legalization of cryptocurrency for individuals, the risks of legalization of cryptocurrency for individuals, as well as the tasks of regulators in the digital economy are investigated. In addition, some scientific works are devoted to issues related to the digitalization of the economy and digital security. However, little attention is paid to the consequences of the legalization of digital currencies for the monetary system of the state and the potential risks for the stability of monetary systems. Conclusions. Interest in digital currencies may decrease in following situations. Firstly, if the services provided by payment systems are more efficient, reliable, affordable and cheap for the consumer. Secondly, during the implementation of the central bank digital currency project (in Russian case - the digital ruble), since digital currencies issued by central banks have the advantages of private digital currencies, but are devoid of their disadvantages.

NEUROSCIENCE: INTERDISCIPLINARY INTEGRATION OR EXPANSION?

Aim. The paper aims to study the differentiation and integration of scientific disciplines in the natural sciences and humanities research areas of neuroscience based on a review of Russian scientific works and to propose a structural and functional model of neuroscience as an interdisciplinary system of knowledge about brain features that ensure human activity in various professional spheres. Methods. A theoretical analysis of scientific publications on the topic over the last ten years has been used along with such methods as comparison, generalization, and modelling. Results. The paper presents various points of view on the subject field of separate disciplines within neuroscience, as well as on the relations between them. The interdisciplinarity of neuroscience is considered by a number of authors (philosophers) as a form of disciplinary colonization, epistemic expansion or intervention. Another group of authors considers neuroscience as a systemic level of science that unites multidisciplinary research activities related to the study of the brain. The third position is represented by authors who consider neuroscience as an extension of the problem field of neurobiology or as its synonym. A number of authors pay special attention to the popularity of neuroscience among politicians, military structures, pharmacological companies and other professionals with their disciplinary totality: neurophilosophy, neuropsychology, neuroinformatics, neurogenetics, neurobiology, neurosociology, neuropedagogy, etc. The paper demonstrates that there is no unified point of view on psychophysiology as a part of neuroscience, which also has interdisciplinary connections with many sciences that study individual psychological characteristics and behavior. Conclusion. Based on the analysis of the discussion, the authors emphasize the need to logically build the structural and functional relationships of individual disciplines within a unified neuroscience and determine its subject field on the basis of a systemic evolutionary approach.

National security as a subject of research in the Russian social science, humanities, and jurisprudence

The subject of this article is the trends of reflection of the problems of national security in the Russian scientific works within the framework social and humanities disciplines as a whole, and jurisprudence in particular. Research methodology is define by uniqueness of the subject matter. Analysis is conducted on the texts of thesis works defended in jurisprudence, economic, sociological, philosophical, and political sciences in the XXI century. Using the level approach, the author proposes classification of scientific works depending on the proximity of their subject to national security as the complex object of study, as well as gives a brief overview of the structure of research from the perspective of different scientific disciplines. Attention is turned to underdevelopment of cross-disciplinary relations within the framework of the universal theory of national security. The author creates a five-level model of the theory of national security that allows ranking research from the applied levels to most abstract. In the context of this model, the author examines methodological approaches towards national security that formed within the framework of different social and humanities disciplines. The conclusion is made on the leading role of political science in creating a cross-disciplinary theory of national security; however, emphasis is placed on the fields available for analysis using solely the legal scientific methodology. Considering the revealed lacuna with regards to fundamental legal research, the need for further theoretical-legal research of national security is substantiated.

About some ways of studying media discourse in contemporary Russian linguistics

The article is devoted to the description of the main contemporary ways of studying mass media language. Due to its global penetration and influence on all spheres of communication, the research of its functioning becomes the main aspect of foreign and Russian scientific works. The dominating cognitive-discourse paradigm interprets a text in accordance with the communicative situation and cognitive peculiarities of the participants of such communication and gives an opportunity to study mass media texts as a media discourse which includes different aspects of language usage in print and electronic media as well as peculiarities of the channel of communication: television, radio, newspapers, the Internet. As a result, it becomes necessary not only to distinguish new grounds of classification media texts but also to establish the methods of analysis and describe its influence on other spheres of language usage. The main aim of the article is to analyze the most widespread ways of studying mass media language in contemporary Russian linguistics that leads to the understanding of modern tendencies of researching such texts. The author has chosen such trends as media linguistics, media stylistics and discourse-sphere that are the most prominent ways of mass media language interpretation in the scientific society resulting in the great number of articles and monographs not only by the authors of these theories but also by their adherents. The result of this article is the systematic description of these theories, their classification and peculiar methods of investigation.

Technology of Integrated Foreign Language Teaching at University

This article analyzes the procedural characteristics of three main approaches to teaching foreign languages at non-linguistic universities, including English for specific purposes prevailing in the professional language education of today's Russia, communicative language teaching mostly used for teaching general English and content and language integrated learning gaining popularity in the existing academic environment. The study is relevant because available foreign articles on content and language integrated learning, as well as Russian scientific works on modeling content and language integrated environment at non-linguistic universities do not cover the implementation of the above-mentioned approach. The authors of the article believe that the absence of specific instructions and ready-made solutions for implementing a foreign language and its content in institutions of higher education hinders the introduction of this promising approach. Accordingly, the authors have set an objective to distinguish procedural characteristics of these three approaches (with emphasis on content and language integrated learning) and referred to specific examples to demonstrate similarities and differences in their implementation. To this end, the authors have selected certain subject and language content, thoroughly analyzed it and compiled procedural characteristics of lessons for each approach. To sum up, the authors analyze the results obtained and substantiate the existing similarities and differences in the implementation of the above-mentioned approaches. The authors conclude that this information can be useful for beginning teachers who want to upgrade traditional approaches of teaching a foreign language at universities to integrated learning since this article enables them to compare not only theoretical and methodological foundations of these methods but also ways of their implementation. In addition, teachers engaged in content and language integrated learning can use procedural characteristics for self-control and further professional development.

Development of flow technology for the purification and production of food sunflower phospholipids

The completed research work is aimed at creating a continuous technology and machine-hardware purification scheme for phosphatide concentrate in an effective magneto-acoustic way. To separate modified of waste of deodorization and to obtain lecithins with a high content of phosphatidylcholines using distillation, selective solvent, ethyl alcohol and adsorbent-silica gel was used, and ultrasonic with an intensity of 10 W/cm2 in combination with a pulsating magnetic field of 2 Tl was used to increase its dissolving and absorbing ability. Such treatment in the stream provides obtaining a substantially bleached high-quality lecithin-containing product in the form of microgranules of an alcohol-insoluble fraction (remain on the filter) and a liquid fat-containing part with a low amount of waste absorbed by silica gel. The objectives of the study include studying the effect of hydrodynamic complex effects on the association and deassociation of free fatty acids and other related lipids in the composition of the waste of deodorization of sunflower oil, the rationale for the use of silica gel as an effective neutralizing and adsorbing agent, determining rational modes of the solvent (ethyl alcohol) distillation process in a vacuum molecular distiller for high-quality lecithin-containing liquid product. The relevance of the work «Improvement of the process and equipment for the distillation of waste of deodorization of vegetable oils processed in ultrasonic» is that at present in Russia this topic of the integrated use of ultrasonic, pulsating magnetic field and silica gel cleaning makes a significant novelty in Russian scientific works in this direction. The proposed technology for producing modified sunflower lecithins allows to obtain both fractionated lecithins with a mass fraction of acetone-insoluble substances of more than 60%, and skimmed, more hygrophilic lecithins with a mass fraction of acetone-insoluble substances up to 95% with an improved quality of cleaning from color and smelling substances at low acidity.

Происхождение термина «восточнославянское язычество» в отечественной научной литературе: «языческое прошлое» и историческая память

The article deals with the genesis of the definition “the paganism of the Eastern Slavs” in the works of Russian historians in the 18th–19th centuries. The author determines the sources of that terminology and considers its methodological and ideological sense. He compares the definitions of Old Russian antipagan texts and first Russian scientific works on history and mythology. The medieval literature contained a lot of concepts, but one can’t find their any mention about “paganism” as phenomenon as well as the word “paganism”. Old Russian authors mostly wrote about “pagan people” as social and religious group and gave them the concrete features depending of the context. The awareness with “paganism” as a phenomenon should relate to the scientific works on history and mythology. This definition firstly appeared in the lexicons of E. Veisman and I.K. Adelung with their Russian translation of the Latin “gentile” and German “heidentum”. Also one can find it in the “Russian history” of V.N. Tatishchev who used “Cimbrische Heyden Religion” written by Arnkiel Trogilliusas as one of the important source. However, it took a while to make this definition to become central in the scientific literature. At the beginning of the 19th century, a lot of authors preferred to use the word “basnoslovie”. The definition “paganism” became fundamental with the issue of the great work N.M. Karamsin after all. Such history of this word reveals not only its complexity and ambiguity but the argumentativeness of the traditional view of “paganism” as a product of the church literature only.

Government Services

<h3>ARMED FORCES INSTITUTE OF PATHOLOGY</h3><h3>General Callendar Honored.—</h3> Gen. George R. Callendar, director of Pathology and Allied Sciences, Veterans Administration, received recognition for his outstanding contributions to pathology and medicine at the Annual Armed Forces Institute of Pathology Lectures on Feb. 16. After an introduction by Col. Frank M. Townsend, USAF, M.C., the director of the Institute, General Callendar received a standing ovation from the 300 pathologists and physicians attending the lectures and a citation. General Callendar was director of the Institute from 1920 to 1922 and again from 1924 to 1929. <h3>DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE</h3><h3>Russian Medical Literature.—</h3> Through the Office of Technical Services, Business and Defense Services Administration, U. S. Department of Commerce, Washington 25, D. C., translations of the following Russian scientific works are available. 61-110745<i>Bioelectrical Control of Prosthetic Devices</i>. November, 1960, 5 pages, 500. Translation of an article from<i>Vestnik Akademii Nauk USSR</i>, vol. 30, no.

Russian Scientific Works

Russian Scientific Works

Russian Scientific Works

THE Imperial University of Kazan, with its society of naturalists, is noted for excellent worin many departments, and we are greatly impressed with the magnitude of Mr. M. Ruszky's volume “The Ants of Russia” (Formicariae Imperii), of which the first part lies before us. It consist of 800 pages, with 176 sketches, comprising introduction, bibliography, systematic examination of Russian ants, list of collectors to whom the author is indebted, and indexes. Mr. Ruszky began the study of Russian myrmecological fauna in 1892, when he undertook a zoological excursion in the Kazan and Simbirsk governments on behalf of the Society of Naturalists. He was induced to take up this investigation partly because Russian ants had been very little studied, and partly for the collection of materials for the solution of biological and zoo-geographical questions. This work is to be understood as a preliminary array of results, being an attempt at a description of Russian ants in systematic geographical and biological respects. The author anticipates criticism for omission of questions of internal morphology and embryology, and observes that such exhaustive treatment of the Formicidæ by a single investigator would occupy, not one, but many decades. In the important bibliography of writings on ants, occupying with addenda about seventy pages, very few works are devoted to Russia, chief among the number being twelve by the author. Mr. Ruszky estimates the approximate total of species and subspecies known at the time of writing at 3500, and groups Russian ants under the subfamilies Camponotinæ, Dolichoderinæ, Myrmecinæ, and Fonerinæ. Representatives of Dorylinæ, principally found in the tropics, have not been seen in Russia, though one species (Dorylus juvenculus) is European, being found in southern Italy, Sicily, &c. After some useful preliminary notes and tables of species of Russian ants, the author proceeds to detailed descriptions of smaller groups. In all, 258 forms are described (155 species and races, 103 varieties), of which sixty are new and treated for the first time (subfamilies, Camponotinæ, 109; Dolichoderinæ, 7; Myrmecinæ, 138; and Ponerinæ, 4). The regions richest in myrmecological fauna are the Caucasus, with 130 forms; Russian Central Asia, about 112; European Russia, 92; Siberia, 71; Crimea, 43; and Finland, 32. All these figures are approximate, and it is probable that since this work appeared more results have been recorded. This first part gives geographical distribution, locality, and biological information, and in the second Mr. Ruszky proposes to deal with this fauna from the bio-geographical paint of view.