Russian Pharmaceutical Market Research Articles

Pharmaceutical care for patients with headaches: pharmacists' statements and pharmacy practice

Relevance. According to the World Health Organization, headaches are one of the most common symptoms of nervous system diseases. Pharmacists play an important role in communicating with headache patients, as well as in rationally directing self-treatment.Aim. Using the questionnaire and patient’s simulation method, comparing the results of these studies, to evaluate the quality of pharmaceutical care for patients with headaches.Material and methods. An anonymous survey was conducted among 153 pharmacists. Three different trained simulated patients (SP) allegedly suffering from headaches visited 101 pharmacies. The results were recorded visually and on a voice recorder. The commercial segment of the Russian pharmaceutical market for analgesics was analyzed.Results. The leaders in sales in ATC-subgroups were the following INN: Ibuprofen, Paracetamol+Naproxen+Caffeine+Drotaverine+ Pheniramine. Corresponding trade names are most often recommended based on the results of questionnaires and simulated patient methodology (SPM). Prescription drugs (13.1 %/14.9 % in SPM) that shouldn’t be recommended in the pharmacy and combination drugs (87.6 %/91.1 % in SPM) were frequently mentioned. A similar number of INN (20/23) and trade names (52/53) were named. The average number of trade names recommended by one pharmacist was higher in the SPM. In SPM the patient was asked very few questions and almost no information about the drug was specified.Conclusion. The real involvement of pharmacists in the provision of pharmaceutical care to patients with cephalgia appears to be much lower, in contrast to the stated results of the questionnaire. In real pharmacy practice, the approach to interaction with a patient with headache and counselling is formal and requires standardization: the development of protocols, standards and algorithms for interaction with patients with headache based on clinical guidelines.

Development and validation of a high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method for quantification of tofacitinib in human plasma

Introduction. The use of tofacitinib as a pharmacological treatment for rheumatoid arthritis remains relevant in the light of the predicted increase in prevalence of the disease. At the same time, due to the withdrawal of several foreign pharmaceutical companies from the Russian pharmaceutical market, there has been a heightened demand for domestically produced medications, including generic formulations of tofacitinib. Registration of generic drugs necessitates the conduct of bioanalytical studies. Development and validation of a method for quantifying the analyte in biosamples remains to be a crucial part of the bioequivalence studies.Aim. The aim of this research is to develop and validate a method for the quantitative determination of tofacitinib in human plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography as the separation system coupled with a tandem mass spectrometer for detection purposes.Materials and methods. Biosample preparation was based on plasma proteins precipitation using acetonitrile. Baricitinib was selected as an internal standard. The analytical range of the method was 1.00 to 200.00 ng/mL and was further expanded to 0.30 to 200.00 ng/mL during the analytical phase of the study. The mobile phase consisted of water and acetonitrile, both acidified with formic acid (0.1 % v/v). The stationary phase was a Phenomenex Kinetex C18 column [100 × 3.0 mm, with a particle size of 5 µm (Phenomenex, USA)]. Sample separation and detection were carried out using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS), operating in positive ion mode. The multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) transitions selected for the analyte and the internal standard were 313.30 to 173.00 m/z and 371.90 to 186.00 m/z, respectively.Results and discussion. The developed assay was validated in accordance with the current requirements of regulatory documentation from the EAEU (Eurasian Economic Union), FDA (US Food and Drug Administration), and EMA (European Medicines Agency) with the following parameters being evaluated: selectivity, specificity, carry-over, matrix effect, recovery, calibration curve, lower limit of quantitation, accuracy, precision, stability. The validated method was applied in the analytical part of a bioequivalence study of domestically produced generic tofacitinib.Conclusion. A method for the quantitative determination of tofacitinib in human blood plasma with an analytical range of 0.30–200.00 ng/mL was developed and validated. Application of the assay during the analytical phase of bioequivalence study of generic tofacitinib confirms the possibility of using the method in similar bioanalytical investigations.

The long 1992 in medicinal (non-)security of Russia. Report II. Market networks and institutes

The year of 1992 is very important milestone in history of Russian pharmaceutical market. It began not in January 1922, but in December 1991, when the President and Government enactments to open free market for medications were promulgated. The advisers of B. N. Yeltsin considered market economy as reliable mean to overcome medicinal deficiencies, corruption and bureaucratic monopoly. However, panacea did not work. Moreover, it caused completely new problems. The human and state security implies protection from threats of dependencies. The unprepared dive into market plunged Russians and the country into severe dependence on import of medications and foreign pharmaceutical companies. The proposed study expands our publications in this journal and in journal "Pharmacy" in 2022. At that time, analysis of medication scarcity was implemented on the basis of published sources and relied on journalistic evidences. The current study is carried out on the basis of archival documents of the Ministry of Health Care of the Russian Federation and authors interviews of representatives of regulator. The second report reconstructs the sequence of the emergence and correlation of the structural elements of the Russian pharmaceutical market.

Marketing analysis of the Russian pharmaceutical market of oxaliplatin

Relevance. Colon and ovarian cancer occupy leading positions in the structure of morbidity and mortality among malignant neoplasms in Russia. One of the widely used drugs for the treatment of these nosologies is oxaliplatin, but there is no relevant information to assess its availability and share among other antitumor drugs.Objective. Analysis of the Russian pharmaceutical market for oxaliplatin drugs among other antitumor drugs in 2015–2022.Materials and methods. For the analysis, reports from marketing agencies DSM Group and IMS were used, both in value and in physical terms.Results. During the period under study, significant changes occurred in the Russian pharmaceutical market of antitumor drugs: the volume of sales and consumption increased, which was also accompanied by a decrease in the cost of drug units per package (all antitumor drugs) and course of use (oxaliplatin). At the same time, the share of Russian manufacturers of antitumor drugs has increased. In relation to oxaliplatin, during the study period there was almost complete displacement of the original drug from the market by generic drugs. An intensive process of import substitution was also observed: the share of domestic drugs increased by the end of the study period in value and volume terms to 93 and 95%, respectively.Conclusion. Identified changes in the Russian pharmacological market for 2015–2022 reflect an increase accompanied by an increase in the availability of antitumor drugs and, in particular, oxaliplatin.

АНАЛИЗ РОССИЙСКОГО РЫНКА ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ ПРЕПАРАТОВ, ПРИМЕНЯЕМЫХ ДЛЯ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ, ПЕРЕДАЮЩИХСЯ ПОЛОВЫМ ПУТЕМ

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are the category of diseases that infected during sexual intercourse. Today, unfortunately, despite the decrease in the level of general morbidity, the structure of the incidence of STDs is changing, which forces us to return to solving this problem again. Diseases of this group not only spread very easily, but also cause harm to both the genitals and the body as a whole. As a result, human health deteriorates, the function of the reproductive system suffers, which also affects the health of future offspring. To minimize the above consequences, the Russian pharmaceutical market (RPhM) has a large assortment portfolio of medicines with various groups. So, in particular, many medicines are included in the List of vital and essential medicines(VEM) and in the minimum assortment list, according to the decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 12.10.2019 No. 2406-r "On approved The list of vital VEM for 2023, as well as lists of medicines for medical use and the minimum range of medicines necessary for the provision of medical care". A similar study was conducted in order to analyze the range of RPhM drugs used for the treatment of STDs. During the research, various official information sources on medicines registered in the territory of the Russian Federation used for the treatment of STDs were reviewed and studied: the Register of Medicines of Russian Federation "RADAR" (2023), the State Register of Medicines and Medical Devices (2023), the Vidal handbook of medicines "Medicines in Russian Federation" (2023), orders of the Government of the Russian Federation, Internet sources. Research methods: structural, graphical, comparative, content analysis, segmentation.

The long 1992 year in medicinal (non-)security of Russia. Report I. Market trial

The year 1992 is an important landmark in the history of Russian pharmaceutical market. It began not in January, but in December 1991, when orders of the President and the Government to open free market of medications were promulgated. The Yeltsin advisers conceived that market economy was infallible means to combat medication shortages, corruption and bureaucratic monopoly. However, panacea did not work. Moreover, it gave rise to completely new problems. The human and state security implies protection from threats of dependence. The unprepared dive into market plunged Russians and the country into deep dependence on imported medications and foreign pharmaceutical companies. The proposed study proceeds our publications in this journal and in journal "Pharmacia" in 2022. At that time, analysis of medication "famine" was implemented on basis of published sources and relied on journalistic evidences. The current study was carried out on the basis of archive documents of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and authors interviews of representatives of the regulator. The first report reveals administrative mechanism that engendered crisis of medication supply in the first post-Soviet year of our country.

АНАЛИЗ РОССИЙСКОГО РЫНКА ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ ПРЕПАРАТОВ, ПРИМЕНЯЕМЫХ ДЛЯ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ГАСТРОДУОДЕНИТОВ У ПОДРОСТКОВ

The Russian pharmaceutical market (RPhM) has a large assortment portfolio of medicines (MP) used to treat various diseases of the digestive system. But not all of these drugs are approved for use in children and adolescents. Due to their insufficient safety for this age group, it is necessary to be more careful in the selection of suitable medicines that will not be inferior in effectiveness to other drugs used in adults. So, in particular, some medicines used for the treatment of digestive organs are included in the List of vital and essential medicines, according to the decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 12.10.2019 No. 2406-r "On approval of the List of VED for 2023, as well as lists of medicines for medical use and the minimum range of medicines necessary for the provision of medical care." The purpose of this study was to analyze the range of drugs on the Russian pharmaceutical market used for the treatment of gastroduodenitis in adolescents. In the course of the study, various official information sources about medicines registered in the territory of the Russian Federation were reviewed and studied: the Register of Medicines of Russia "RADAR" (2023), Internet sources, collections and forms containing statistical data. Research methods: content analysis, ranking, graphic, structural, segmentation, comparative. A marketing study of the product portfolio was conducted, its structure was formed, and a macro-contour of RPhM drugs used for the treatment of gastroduodenitis in adolescents was developed. Research methods: content analysis, ranking, graphic, structural, segmentation, comparative. A marketing study of the product portfolio was conducted, its structure was formed, and a macro-contour of RPhM drugs used for the treatment of gastroduodenitis in adolescents was developed.

Analysis and Evaluation of Prospects for the Development of New Drugs Derived from Benzodiazepines

Introduction. The use of drugs derived from benzodiazepine for the treatment of various diseases continues to be relevant. Benzodiazepines are approved by most regulatory authorities around the world. Despite the large number of side effects and non-medical use, they are becoming more promising in emergency care for prolonged seizures and epileptic status.Aim. To analyze the existing medicines on the market of the Russian Federation based on benzodiazepine derivatives and assess the prospects for development in this direction.Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of regulatory legal acts in the field of healthcare and the circulation of medicines, publications of Russian and foreign authors, the results of scientific research using situational, comparative, structural-logical and content analysis methods. The information base of the study was the online database "State Register of Medicines" (grls.minzdrav.gov.ru), databases of peer-reviewed publications: PubMed and Scopus.Results and discussion. Data were obtained on the range of medicines derived from benzodiazepines according to the following indicators: international nonproprietary names, trade names, medicines, manufacturing countries and enterprises, dosage forms. The problem of "medicinal sovereignty" is discussed. Promising niches have been found for the development of innovative drugs derived from benzodiazepines.Conclusion. It has been established that mainly domestic benzodiazepine-type drugs are represented on the Russian pharmaceutical market, while there is a certain shortage of pharmaceutical substances. In Russia, such dosage forms as films, transdermal plasters and preparations for the inhalation use of benzodiazepine derivatives are not registered. It is important to create innovative dosage forms capable of providing a fast, non-invasive and socially acceptable method of use and a high rate of adherence to treatment by patients.

The Renaissance of Russian pharmaceutical market (2000-2004). Report II. The Pharma servants of Russia

The article (the third one of authors cycle of historical studies of medication supply and pharmaceutical business) examines period of economic renaissance of the Russian pharmaceutical market in the first years of third millennium. The state of market according data of Russian analytical agencies, medical periodicals and recollections of participants is considered. The article consists of three reports. In the first report the issue was the "field players" of pharmaceutical market, and in the second one - all the personnel serving market game, making it possible, their reflections on their new, post-Soviet experience of life in private business.

Sales of antitumor drugs in the retail segment of the Russian pharmaceutical market

Objective: to study the features of the population consumption of antitumor drugs (ATDs) of groups L01 and L02 according to the anatomical, therapeutic and chemical classification (ATC), purchased at the expense of personal funds of citizens in the retail sector of the pharmaceutical market of the Russian Federation (RF).Material and methods. We analyzed data on the range of ATDs sold in retail pharmacies in all federal districts of the RF in 2020–2023. The methods of comparative, retrospective, logical, graphical and content analysis, the method of grouping data by ATC groups and methods of descriptive statistics were used.Results. At the end of 2022, in the RF, about 6 million packages of ATDs worth 6.5 billion rubles were purchased at the expense of citizens’ personal funds, i.e. approximately 1/6 of the total sales of oncology medications in monetary terms and 3.0% of the total sales in physical terms. The maximum sales in monetary terms per 100 thousand population were noted in the Central, Northwestern and Southern Federal Districts. The Central Federal District accounts for about 50% of total sales of ATDs in monetary terms and 35% of sales in physical terms. The maximum costs were for medications in ATC groups L01B Antimetabolites, L02A Hormones and related compounds and L02B Hormone antagonists and related compounds. The average shares of ATDs in the ATC group L01B were 32.8% in total sales in monetary terms and 50.8% in physical terms, in the ATC group L02B – 27.3% and 31.9%, L02A – 21.8% and 5.7%, L01X – 8.9% and 7.9%, respectively. In the RF as a whole, the top-3 international nonproprietary names of greatest demand in the pharmaceutical market retail segment included methotrexate, buserelin and anastrozole, which account for more than 40% of sales volume in monetary terms.Conclusion. The obtained results can be used by healthcare organizers to clarify the real need for ATDs, as well as to improve drug care for cancer patients.

Past, current and future of legal regulation of drugs compounding in the Russian Federation

Today the activities of compounding pharmacies in terms of the drug compounding and in-pharmacy packaging of approval drugs is considered as a priority social task of the Russian Federation, due to the need to solve problems that are aimed at ensuring the strategic independence of the state from external and internal challenges, as well as threats, widespread introduction of personalized pharmacotherapy methods, opportunities in the field of optimizing the costs of the healthcare system.The aim of the study was to conduct a historical analysis and comprehensive review of the current state of legal and regulatory framework of the Russian pharmaceutical market in the field of compounding drugs, as well as to develop proposals for improving the regulatory field.Materials and methods. The following methodological tools – empirical, theoretical, quantitative ones – have been used in the work. In particular, an analysis of a wide range of relevant sources of information was carried out and information was obtained from legal and regulatory framework for the activities of compounding pharmacies in the Russian Federation, which was implemented using a bibliometric method of analysis.Results. The main elements of the Russian legislation in the field of drug circulation with the aim of a comprehensive understanding of the classification and determination of the role of extemporaneous drugs in the Russian healthcare system, are presented in the article. A historical and technical analysis of the regulatory practice development is consistently presented. The key issues of organizing the pharmaceutical business in the field of compounding and dispensing of drugs on the territory of the Russian Federation have been considered, and current problems that need to be solved when improving the regulatory field, are presented.Conclusion. The review conducted makes it possible to clarify further actions to improve federal legislation and delegated legislation in the field of circulation of compounded drugs by pharmacy organizations. The work presents recommendations that will contribute to the development of compounding pharmacies in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

The development of the Russian pharmaceutical market at the beginning of the XXI century. Price trends and key factors

The development of the Russian pharmaceutical market at the beginning of the XXI century. Price trends and key factors

Characteristics of purchases of hypoglycemic agents in pharmacy retail sector in 2016-2020 years dynamics

Procurement of medicines reflects the demand and frequency of prescribing certain drugs, which makes it possible to assess the quality of medical care and compliance with standards. The Russian pharmaceutical market is dynamically developing and expanding, therefore, the commercial sector of drug circulation is a significant part of it and should be studied along with public procurement. Given the significant number of patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM) in our country, we considered it appropriate and interesting to analyze the structure and volume of turnover of antidiabetic drugs in the retail trade over five years. to assess the dynamics of the cost and sales volumes of hypoglycemic drugs in the commercial sector for 2019-2020 compared to 2016. The analysis was made on the basis of the data of antidiabetic drugs purchases in Russian pharmacies in 2016 and 2019-2020, according to 95257 pharmacies data. In 2020, compared to 2016, we see a significant increase in the number of packages purchases (+14,952,897 rub.) and the purchases total amount (+9,377,975,722 rub.), in parallel with the increase in average price per box of the hypoglycemic drug +199, 57 rub. The average price for DPP4 decreased. The cost per pack of metformin remains one of the lowest, second only to glibenclamide and gliclazide. The most expensive drugs include GLP1 group representatives. Insulin purchases have halved, when budget for GLP1 have increased by 10 times, for SGLT2 by 9.5 times, and for DPP4 by 2.1 times. In 2020, metformin gliclazide, a combination of glibencladimide with metformin, glibenclamide and vildgaliptin remain leaders in the number of purchased packages. The purchase leaders in terms of budget share are: metformin, gliclazide, liraglutide, vildagliptin and dapagliflozinCONCLUSION: There are positive trends in the demand for more effective innovative hypoglycemic drugs, however, the affordability of drugs still dominates over the feasibility of their clinical use, and a high percentage of drug turnover in the commercial sector might indicates insufficient funding for drug provision for patients with diabetes mellitus.

Assessment of the global and national market for lipid modifying agents: retrospective and innovation

Lipid-lowering therapy is one of the most important aspects in the treatment of patients with cardiovascular disease, which is still the leading cause of death in the adult population. Over the past 10 years, fundamentally new lipid-lowering drugs have appeared such as alipogene tiparvovec, mipomersen, lomitapide, evolocumab, alirocumab, bempedoic acid, inclisiran, evinacumab, volanesorsen. In order to update information on the effectiveness and safety of the use of lipidlowering drugs, their consumption in the pharmaceutical market in retrospect and at the present time, a systematic search was carried out in the scientific databases eLIBRARY.RU, PubMed, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, the Cochrane Library, Russian State Register of Medicines from 1980 to 2023. Statins remain the main drugs of choice for regular use in violation of lipid metabolism. Fibrates are the drugs of choice in patients with rare forms of hyperlipidemia associated with high triglyceride level. A group of other lipid-lowering drugs has been characterized from the point of view of the mechanisms of action, indications for use, and the availability of registration certificates in the Russian Federation and in the world. The growing interest in ezetimibe in the Russian pharmaceutical market is confirmed by the high growth in the share of local companies in its production as part of the import substitution strategy. It has been established that the drug causes undesirable effects with a small degree of probability as part of combination therapy. Inhibitors of proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) open up new possibilities for the treatment of patients at very high risk of cardiovascular disease. Lomitapide is not registered in the Russian Federation, but since December 2021 it has been included in the list of medicines purchased by the Krug Dobra Foundation to help children with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Since 2022, inclisiran, a drug inhibiting synthesis of PCSK9 with RNA interference, has been approved for use in Russia and is safe in patients with hyperlipidemia and statin intolerance. Thus, in the 21st century, fundamentally new positions have appeared in the group of lipid-lowering drugs, which are examples of biotechnological and gene therapy drugs.

CONTENT ANALYSIS OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE ASSORTMENT OF SEDATIVE MEDICINES FOR THE TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF NEUROGENIC DISEASES

The results of the content analysis of the study of the Russian pharmaceutical market of sedative medicines are presented. The main aspects and trends in the development of the range of medicines have been established.

The medical representatives, or debates of 2010s about promotion of medications

The article considers the issue of the restrictions imposed by the government in the 2010s into process of introducing and promoting medications at the market by means of medical representatives. The government decided to formalize relationships of pharmaceutical manufacturers with consumers of medications. On the one hand, such a trend was occurring all over the world and was stimulated by social attacks at Big Pharma under slogan "the conflict of interests". On the other hand, at the Russian pharmaceutical market, the restrictions of direct contacts of pharmaceutical manufacturers with physicians and and pharmaceutists were supported above all by national manufacturers of medicines. In the course of competition, vast army of Russian medical representatives was stigmatized that made many medics either to leave pharmaceutical market or to limit themselves to formal duties.

Block Copolymers of Ethylene Oxide and Propylene Oxide: Prospects for Medical and Pharmaceutical Application in Russia

Block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide (EO/PO block copolymers) are polymeric non-ionic surfactants with a high hydrophilic–lipophilic balance also referred to as pluronics, poloxamers, or proxanols. These compounds are among the most demanded modern excipients for the production of medicines. EO/PO block copolymers are used both in the production of traditional (liquid, semi-solid, and solid) dosage forms and as part of targeted delivery systems. The extensive application of EO/PO block copolymers is due to the diverse array of their properties, including not only solubilising, emulsifying, gelling, and other effects but also thermoreversibility, which is essential for developing in situ delivery systems and 3D printing technologies.The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential of EO/PO block copolymers for medicinal use and to assess the range of medicinal products approved in the Russian Federation that contain EO/PO block copolymers.This review presents an analysis of the register of poloxamer-containing medicines approved in the Russian Federation, a list of the largest manufacturers of EO/PO block copolymers in the world, and a study of the possibility to use copolymers for medical purposes. Currently, there are more than 10 chemical manufacturers producing EO/PO block copolymers for the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and other industries around the world. EO/PO block copolymers are included in more than 60 medicinal products present in the Russian pharmaceutical market; this observation indicates the need to phase out the import of poloxamers.

Analysis of the assortment of medicinal herbal preparations for veterinary use presented on the Russian pharmaceutical market

Analysis of the assortment of medicinal herbal preparations for veterinary use presented on the Russian pharmaceutical market

МАРКЕТИНГОВОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ РОССИЙСКОГО ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧЕСКОГО РЫНКА ПРОДУКТОВ ПИТАНИЯ С ДОБАВЛЕНИЕМ БЕЛКОВ МОЛОКА ДЛЯ ЛЮДЕЙ

A marketing study of the Russian pharmaceutical market of food products with the addition of milk proteins was carried out. The study revealed that the leading position in the Russian pharmaceutical market is occupied by products for artificial nutrition, which is 37.91%; diet food - 29.95%; in the form of soy-protein cocktails - 7.11%; for sports nutrition - 5.69%; complementary foods - 5.69%. Other food products with the addition of milk proteins account for 13.74% of the total assortment. In particular, the smallest amount is occupied by products for medical nutrition intended for children with phenylketonuria aged from 1 year - 0.47%; protein-energy cocktails to support a weakened body - 1.42%; specialized products of children's dietary (therapeutic) nutrition for children from 0 to 1 year old, patients with type 1 glutaric aciduria - 2.36%.

ESTIMATION OF MATERIAL LOSSES DURING THE REGISTRATION OF THE DRUG «AMOXICILLIN + CLAVULANIC ACID» IN INFUSION THERAPY OF COMMUNIT Y-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN CHILDREN

Patients diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia are recommended to receive anti- biotic therapy. In case of severe pneumonia in hospital, infusion of Amoxicillin preparations is used. In the Russian pharmaceutical market during the study period, there are no solutions for parenteral administration in pediatric dosages, which leads to high financial losses of medical organization and environmental risks in the disposal of antibiotics. Objective of the study evaluation of losses of drug weight and financial losses when using «adult» doses of anti- bacterial agents for infusion therapy of community-acquired pneumonia in children (on the example of the drug «Amoxicillin+clavulanic acid, powder for preparation of solution for intravenous injection»). Materials and methods the objects of the study were clinical guidelines on treatment of community-acquired pneu- monia in children, information from the State Register of Medicines, instructions for medical use. The source of data on prices was the information from the State Register of maximum selling prices. Analytical, statistical, logical, and computational-constructive methods of re- search were used in the work. Results: the study calculated the material losses of the drug in mg per vial and 12 vials (treat- ment course of 4 days). With a single therapeutic dose of 300 mg, the material losses of the drug, using a dosage of 1200 mg, were: 1200 - 300 = 900 mg (75% of the dosage form). Fi- nancial losses in rubles calculated for the course of treatment with the drug Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid 1200 mg amounted to 756.00 rubles (79.05%) per 1 child, and for treatment with the dosage of 600 mg - 252.00 rubles (52.70% of the cost of the drug). The development of the dosage forms for intravenous administration of Amoxicillin + clavu- lanic acid in the doses of 180 and 240 mg would allow decreasing considerably the losses of the drug during preparation of infusion solutions in pediatric practice. Conclusion 1. When administering antibacterial therapy for community-acquired pneumonia in chil- dren, the drug Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, powder for preparation of solution for intrave- nous injection, manufactured in doses of 1200 mg and 600 mg, is used. 2. Modeling of weight losses of Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid powder for intravenous solu- tion preparation for treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in children aged 1 year showed that when 1200 mg dosage was used, losses were 900 mg/ vial (10800 mg per treat- ment course), and in 600 mg dosage - 300 mg/ vial (3600 mg per course); 75 and 50% of drug weight respectively. 3. Calculations have been made and significant financial losses have been established in treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in children under 5 years old with the drug «Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, powder for preparation of solution for intravenous injection» 1200 mg and 600 mg, due to incomplete use of the package. The financial loss for the course of treatment with the drug Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid in the dosage of 1200 mg amounted to 756.00 rubles (79.05%) for 1 child aged 1 year, and for treatment with the dosage of 600 mg - 252.00 rubles (52.70% of the cost of the drug for the course of treatment). 4. For treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in children aged 5-11 years it is reason- able to use Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid 600 mg dosage. 5. For treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in children under 5 years old it is advis- able to commercially release the medicinal product «Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, powder for preparation of solution for intravenous injection» in doses of 180 mg (150+30 mg) and 240 mg (200+40 mg).