Rural Wardha Research Articles

Assessing Cardiometabolic Disease Risk Factors Among Healthcare Workers in a Rural Tertiary Care Hospital in Wardha, India: A Study Protocol.

Background Cardiometabolic diseases pose a significant public health challenge globally, particularly among healthcare workers, who often face heightened occupational stress and lifestyle challenges. This study aims to assess the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors and their determinants among healthcare workers at Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, a tertiary care hospital in rural Wardha, Maharashtra, India. Methods A cross-sectional study design was employed, involving the recruitment of healthcare workers from various job roles. Data on demographic characteristics, behavioral risk factors, anthropometric measurements, biochemical parameters, and mental health status was collected using standardized instruments and procedures. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, inferential tests, and multivariate analyses to identify significant associations and predictors of cardiometabolic risk factors. Expected results Anticipated findings include a notable prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors among healthcare workers, including elevated BMI, fasting blood glucose, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Behavioral risk factors such as physical inactivity, unhealthy dietary habits, tobacco use, and alcohol consumption are expected to be prevalent. Additionally, varying degrees of psychological distress, including depression, anxiety, and stress, are anticipated. Significant associations between cardiometabolic risk factors and demographic variables are expected to be identified. Conclusion The study findings provide valuable insights into the prevalence and determinants of cardiometabolic risk factors among healthcare workers in a rural setting. These insights can inform targeted interventions and public health strategies aimed at improving the cardiovascular health and overall well-being of healthcare workers, ultimately contributing to the enhancement of healthcare delivery and outcomes in rural areas.

Study of obesity among adolescents in rural Wardha district

Introduction Obesity is one of the most important global issues affecting children and adolescents. The most serious lifestyle effects of adolescents’ obesity and overweight are health risks that continue into adulthood, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, type 2 diabetes, behavioural issues, and cardiovascular diseases. India is among the many developing nations where childhood and adolescent obesity has become a serious public health issue. Adolescence is the most important stage in physical activity, growth and development. Adolescence is a start of personal decision-making sense and the development of a customized lifestyle, including the early onset of illness, accounting for approximately 35% of the global disease burden. Many of these behavioural choices have been linked to obesity risk factors, which are mostly controlled for, such as unhealthy eating behaviour, excessive television watching, and lack of activity. While undernutrition and deficiencies in micronutrients are serious public health problems in India, obesity and overnutrition have become major problems in several areas. Aim This study aims to assess Obesity among adolescents in rural Wardha. Methods A cross-sectional study will be conducted in the rural community area of the Wardha District. A questionnaire-based face-to-face interview will be conducted with participants in the adolescent age group (10-19 years). This study aimed to identify variables associated with demographic data, age group, genetic factors, types of family, parents’ education, occupation, socioeconomic status, physical activity, and various types of food intake. Implication of study The findings of this study could be significant in the implementation of laws, programs, and initiatives to promote awareness of the associations between adolescent obesity and risk factors for lifestyle diseases. This message focuses on having a balanced diet while exercising in regular physical activity. The prevalence of obesity is reduced by this lifestyle disease.

Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders and its Correlation to Physical Activity among Geriatrics Population in Rural Wardha- A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective: Musculoskeletal disorders which leads to the pain in the neck, shoulder, upper back, lower back, knee or other skeletal areas, are instances of musculoskeletal strains. Musculoskeletal problem is the main region of morbodity and the seconldy cause of disability in all world. Any action of the body involving the skeletal muscles that results in a modest to high energy expenditure is referred to as physical activity (PA). This study's aim was to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal illnesses and how physical activity among senior age groups relates to those disorders. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders, the level of physical activity using a short-form physical activity questionnaire, and the relationship between the prevalence of these disorders and physical activity. Material and Methods: From October 2021 to August 2022, a cross-sectional study of 152 geriatric patients in a rural Wardha was conducted using pre-structured and pre-designed questionnaires. These included demographic information, a short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire to gauge the level of physical activity, and standardized Nordic questionnaires to examine musculoskeletal symptoms. Results: Our survey shows 95.3% of elderly people reported musculoskeletal problems. The age groups 60-70 years of geriatrics had the highest prevalence of MSDs (55.19%), significantly higher than those of 70-80, 80-90, and 90-100 years of geriatrics (p 0.05). There is a substantial correlation between the degree of physical activity and the musculoskeletal disorder; the majority of the participant had a moderate level of physical activity (55.9%), with the knee being the most frequently reported region (61.18%). Conclusions: In this study, there are more musculoskeletal diseases among female individuals from rural Wardha than among male participants. Geriatrics between the ages of 60 and 70 had a higher MSD prevalence than those between the ages of 70- 80 or 80-90. The body component most affected was the knee, followed by the lower back and upper back. The majority of the affected senior population engaged in moderate physical activity

The Act of Prevention: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perception Among Caretakers of Kidney Disease Patients in Rural Wardha District of Central India.

BackgroundThere is a continual rise in the prevalence of non-cancerous conditions such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) owing to an enormous load of diabetes, hypertension, and vascular diseases. A positive attitude and healthy lifestyle for CKD prevention can only be followed when the masses are well aware and educated about the disease. This study aimed to compare, correlate, and evaluate the distribution of knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions among relatives or caretakers of patients with kidney disease or at risk of the disease.MethodologyThis cross-sectional study aimed at obtaining data on the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions using the Chronic Kidney Diseases Screening Index questionnaire from the relatives of CKD patients. All data were computed and analyzed using SPSS version 28.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA).ResultsThe majority of the relatives of CKD patients had poor knowledge (63.6%) and poor attitude (51.6%) levels. On the contrary, most respondents had good practices (52.8%) level toward the risk for CKD. A significant correlation was noted between education and knowledge (p < 0.050). A significant association was also observed between education and occupation with attitude (p < 0.001 and p < 0.050, respectively). Additionally, a significant association was noted between age and perception (p < 0.001).ConclusionsInformed and well-educated populations are less prone to acquire or progress to CKD. From this study, we can understand the need for improvement in public knowledge, which has the potential to help in saving the lives of many patients progressing toward end-stage renal diseases.

Are women with more of 'social capital' more empowered? A cross-sectional analysis from rural Wardha, Central India.

Background:Despite international commitment and government policies and programmes, a vast majority of women of rural India are socially and economically deprived in the patriarchal sociocultural framework. Strategies to improve women empowerment need context-specific field-based evidence.Objectives:This study was undertaken to address the research question: “Are women with a higher level of social capital more empowered than their counterparts?”Methods:A community-based cross-sectional analytical study was carried out in the Wardha district of Maharashtra, where a two-stage cluster random sampling technique was used to select the 300 study subjects. The outcome variable, women empowerment was assessed using four domains: mobility, inter-spouse communication, household decision-making and asset ownership. The independent variables included social capital along with potential sociodemographic confounders. Multivariate linear regression was applied using the backward stepwise method.Results:The participants had better women empowerment percentage score in the “Household decision-making” domain compared to the other domains. The women empowerment score was found to be significantly higher in the participants with increasing age, higher education, those involved in business/service, above poverty line (ABL), nuclear family, married, and those having at least one living child. In the adjusted analysis, the social capital was found to be a significant determinant of women empowerment, along with age, education, religion, marital status and family type.Conclusion:The improvement of social capital in the form of community-based development projects through Self-Help Groups (SHG) and microfinance programmes need to be encouraged by the Government and NGOs, as this strategy has the potential to improve women empowerment through community-driven development.

The prevalence of depression among the elderly people living in rural Wardha.

Background:Depression is the most common psychiatric disorder among elderly population in India, which generally remains undiagnosed and undertreated. Exact burden of depression among the elderly population in rural India was not known.Aim:This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of depression among the elderly population in rural population of Wardha, Maharashtra.Materials and Methods:This is a cross-sectional study carried out among the elderly (≥60 years) population of both sexes residing in the field practice area of the department of community medicine. Geriatric depression scale was used for screening depression among the study population. Data collection was completed within 2 months using convenience sampling. Ethical approval was taken before beginning the study. Magnitude was expressed in percentage along with its 95% confidence interval (CI). Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were done. Odds ratio and 95% CI were used to express association.Results:Magnitude of depression among the elderly population was found to be 41.7% (95% CI: 36.1–47.4). In this study, we found the following factors to have positively contributed towards depression among elderly population in rural Wardha: female sex, widowed, separated, divorced, decreased decision-making capability, abused, or being suffering from chronic illnesses.Conclusion:Our study showed the prevalence of mild depression to be 26.72% and that of severe depression to be 15.17% among the elderly study participants.

Magnitude and determinants of "Social Capital" among women in reproductive age group - A cross-sectional study from rural Wardha, Central India.

Context:Social capital reflects the trust, norms, values and social processes that governs interaction among people.Aim:This study was conducted to estimate the magnitude and determinants of social capital among women of reproductive age group in selected village of rural Wardha, Central India.Materials and Methods:It was a community based cross-sectional study where two stage cluster sampling technique was used to select 300 participants from 22 villages. Data were collected using a pre-designed interviewer administered questionnaire by house-to-house survey. Social capital was measured using the core set of Integrated Questionnaire for the Measurement of Social Capital developed by World Bank.Statistical Analysis:Multivariate linear regression was applied to find out determinants of social capital.Results:Most of the participants had poor social capital score (women having lowest and middle tertile scores were 36.0% and 45%, respectively). social capital poorer in younger women, women with lower educational qualification, not involved in gainful occupation, belonging to below poverty line and unmarried compared to their counterparts. Having at least one son was positively associated with higher social capital. In adjusted analysis, age, education, occupation, marital status, and whether the woman has son were revealed as significant determinants of social capital.Conclusion:The study findings reflect the need of improving education and job opportunity among rural women to improve their social capital. Increase of social capital among women having male child reflects the need to percolate the message of gender equity and gender sensitive education.

Life Skills of Adolescent Girls in Relation to Their Self-concept Developed through Kishori Panchayat

Background: The Adolescents for Health Action model: Kishori Panchayat (KP) is a novel community participation approach for mobilizing and empowering adolescent girls. The model is expected to improve life skills of adolescent girls not only through occasional life skills sessions but also by providing them a platform for interaction with peer-groups, villagers and health-care providers, sharing experiences, community level health, and social activities. Objective: We aimed to assess whether life skills of KP girls are better in comparison to non-KP girls aged 12–18 years. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 100 KP and non-KP girls, respectively, of aged 12–18 years, selected using random lottery method over 1-year period under Anji and Waifad Primary health center areas (10 villages from each) of rural Wardha, Maharashtra. Validated self-administered scales for communication skill, critical thinking, decision-making, problem-solving, and self-esteem were used. Written consent from participants and permission from institutional ethics committee were taken. Results: The mean life skill scores were better among KP girls compared to non-KP with a significant difference (P &lt; 0.001) in both groups regarding communication skill, critical thinking skill, decision-making, problem-solving, self-esteem, and total life skill scores. Conclusion: Community-based adolescents for health action model for the rural adolescent girls can empower and enhances their life skills with minimum resource and intensive effort.

Knowing the Role of Supplementary Nutrition and Growth Monitoring from the Beneficiaries of Selected Anganwadi Centers in Rural Wardha, Maharashtra

Knowing the Role of Supplementary Nutrition and Growth Monitoring from the Beneficiaries of Selected Anganwadi Centers in Rural Wardha, Maharashtra

Injury Patterns &amp; Determinants of Road Accidents in Rural Wardha

Introduction: WHO’s report on road traffic accidents (2009) revealed 50% of deaths occur in vulnerable road users with higher rates in poorer economies of the world. Administrative records of Wardha district show the total number of road traffic accidents reported in the year 2011 were 601 including 165 fatalities and by 2012 midyear 441cases including 116 fatalities. There is possibility of gross underreporting of road traffic accidents. Complexity of epidemiology of accidents as well as patterns of injuries suffered makes it an essential study determinant. Objective: To find out the severity & pattern of injuries sustained in RTA’s . Material and Methods: Community based Cross sectional study was done in the villages of Wardha district (India). Sample size of 385 was estimated by Probability Proportional to Size sampling {PPS}. Variables like Pattern of injuries as fatal, non-fatal outcomes, type of injury sustained and sites of injury were enquired. Result: Abrasions were more at almost all times in the entire day with maximum during afternoon 50(45.0%), 20.7 % showed alcohol influence, 36.8 % suffered injuries to upper limb. Conclusion: Alcohol, over speeding is more dangerous on city roads, abrasions and lacerations were common injuries, fractures and crush injuries were less common. 20.7 % chances of Accidents under influence of Alcohol, most of them had motor driving license. Majority of accidents were non-fatal. Fractures were more common in motorized 4 wheeler occupants. Stones, animals on roads and defect on roads also played major role in accidents. Lack of visibility on the road had significantly increased the risk of fatal injuries.

Delay in initiation of treatment of tuberculosis: A cross-sectional study from rural Wardha

Background: India with 2.2 million incident cases annually contributed to around 25% of global incidence. Along with conventional indicators, magnitude of treatment delay would prove as a performance indicator for tuberculosis (TB) control in high TB burden countries like India. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to find out the magnitude of treatment delay among the TB patients, to describe the factors responsible for delay in treatment, if any, and to assess the knowledge of patients in a rural area about TB and directly observed treatment short course (DOTS). Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients registered in the DOTS center at Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences Sewagram. Materials and Methods: Information of all 40 new sputum smear-positive TB patients registered at DOTS center between February and April 2015 was collected. Of these, thirty patients could be contacted successfully and were included in the study after obtaining consent. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using Epi Info software. Mean and median delay in terms of days were estimated. Mann–Whitney U-test was used to determine factors associated with treatment delay. Descriptive analysis using frequency and percentage was carried out to assess the knowledge regarding TB and DOTS. Results: Median delay was 35.5 days with diagnostic delay comprising 84% of it. Male patients and patients belonging to Below Poverty Line (BPL) families had significantly (P

Understanding the Psychosocial Impact of Oral Cancer on the Family Caregivers and Their Coping up Mechanism: A Qualitative Study in Rural Wardha, Central India.

Background:A family caregiver is the one who provides care to their near and dear one who is suffering from some debilitating disease like oral cancer. Apart from providing physical care, they also provide emotional and financial support to their close relatives. They can be the patient's spouse, children, and siblings. This study was, hence, designed to understand the psychosocial impact of caregivers of oral cancer patients.Methodology:This was a qualitative study using in-depth interviews of 24 purposively chosen family caregivers irrespective of age, sex, and relationship with patients, who provided deep insight into the psychosocial impact of the disease on themselves during caregiving of their loved ones and how they coped with it. Interviews were taken in Hindi, in the houses of caregivers. Care was taken to maintain utmost privacy while taking the interviews, which were either audio recorded or noted down. Informed written consent was obtained from participants before the start of the study. Themes were evolved from the interviews and content analysis was performed using ATLAS.ti.Results:Six themes emerged after data analysis. Those were the impact on physical health and lifestyle, emotional impact, impact on family and social relationship, impact on financial and work status, improvement of hospital services, spiritual concern, and acceptance of the disease. A concept map was made to provide a vivid explanation of how oral cancer caused these impacts on caregivers and their interrelationship.Conclusion:Caregiving is not an easy job. This study recommends extra care to be taken in preparing them for caregiving to the oral cancer patients with adequate knowledge of the disease process and its consequences along with counseling facilities in the hospital to address the different psychosocial needs of the patients.

Outbreak investigation and containment measures of dengue fever in rural Wardha: A field epidemiological study

Background: Dengue is a common vector-borne disease in countries like India, where it occurs in specific pockets including many in Maharashtra. During July–August 2018, an outbreak of dengue was suspected in a village of Wardha district, following an increase in the number of fever cases from the village, which demanded an urgent outbreak investigation to be carried out before it progressed into an epidemic/larger outbreak. Objectives: The aim of this study was to find out more cases, source of infection and to recommend necessary actions to control the dengue outbreak. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional epidemiological study, where we used pre-tested, pre-designed epidemiological case sheets obtained from Integrated Disease Surveillance Program (IDSP). A case definition was proposed before beginning the investigation. Line listing, collection of blood samples, distribution of paracetamol tablets to fever cases, and making a spot map were some of the important steps carried out during the investigation. Results: Out of a total of 64 suspected fever cases, 36 cases fulfilled the case definition of dengue, set for the purpose of outbreak investigation. Twenty-three of them got admitted in different hospitals among whom two of them died. Apart from that, four of them were found to be positive for both dengue IgM and NS1 antigen in their blood samples. It was age group of 21–30 years which was mostly affected. Compared to males, the female population suffered more from the illness. House, container, and Breteau index were found to be 0.26, 0.09, and 0.32, respectively. Conclusion: Following the investigation, a detailed report was made, which was shared with the district health authority. The report also contained recommendations for necessary actions to be taken to control this outbreak and to further prevent such outbreaks in future.

How "Elderly Staying Alone" Cope Up with their Age and Deteriorating Health: A Qualitative Exploration from Rural Wardha, Central India.

Background:This study is done to explore the various changes and problems faced by the “elderly people staying alone” and how they cope up to maintain their life amidst the physical, familial, social, and financial crisis in their lives.Materials and Methods:This qualitative study was carried out in the villages surrounding Bhidi Rural Health and Training Center, located in the Vidarbha region of Maharashtra. A triangulation of free listing and pile sorting exercise was used. Elderly >65 years of age of either sex, living alone in their own houses, for at least 2 years were included in the study. Twenty-four such individuals were selected purposively who could figure out the different words and concepts regarding the three domains of our study for the purpose of line listing, namely, change of life since staying alone, problems faced while staying alone, and how they cope up with the problem of living alone. The data were analyzed using Anthropac software. The study findings were presented to the participants, who later pointed out few recommendations to be made.Results:The “elderly staying alone” face the problems of lack of family, social, and financial support in their day-to-day life. They cope with these problems by a number of ways. Although there are a number of government schemes to protect the elderly, none of these policies are dedicated to this special group of elderlies.Conclusion:There is no social structure that can take care of this vulnerable group of elderlies in rural India. It is high time for the government to step in to bring some societal and familial reforms that will safeguard the elderly staying alone from the ongoing familial, social, and financial hardship.

Health Seeking Behavior among 0-5 Years of Children in Diarrhea in Rural Wardha District, Maharashtra

Health care seeking behavior among children, aged<5 years, is strongly influenced by maternal practices as the mothers contribute to the decision making. In this study, the mothers’ knowledge, attitude and practices were studied as well as the factors responsible for the health seeking behavior in diarrheal diseases was examined. Two hundred and thirty mothers of children, aged<5 years were sampled. The study showed that the education, occupation, attitude and, knowledge of the mother was strongly associated to positive health seeking behavior in diarrheal diseases. The factors affecting the health care seeking behavior were the decision making abilities of the mothers and the source from which they got the information regarding diarrhea. The income of the household was also associated with the attitude and the practices of the mother for diarrhea. Among social factors, caste was seen to be associated with the health seeking behavior. Thus, there is need for the information and effective communication between the health workers and the mothers and the betterment of the public health facilities in the rural areas.

Assessment of factors causing delay in initiation of treatment of tuberculosis: A cross-sectional study from Rural Wardha

Assessment of factors causing delay in initiation of treatment of tuberculosis: A cross-sectional study from Rural Wardha

Kiran clinic: Community owned primary health care - A case study from rural Wardha

Background: Primary health care is the right of each and every human being. One of the innovations in making primary health care available to the community is the community owned primary health care clinics (Kiran clinics) functional in the villages of field practice area of Department of Community Medicine at Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (MGIMS), Sewagram. This case study aimed to document the process of formation and evolution of one of such Kiran clinic (KC) with a focus on identifying the facilitating factors for evolution and sustainability of the KC. Material and methods: In this qualitative study, In depth interview (IDI), observations of Kiran clinic day and meetings of management committee meetings were undertaken. All the IDI were tape recorded, transcript prepared and analysis was done manually. Results: Facilitating factors for evolution and sustainability of Kiran clinic in Salod village were voluntary participation, community dialogue, capacity building of committee members, knowledge and ownership of committee members, transparency in work/quality monitoring, and quality services responsive to health need. Conclusions: Kiran clinic is a socially acceptable, feasible and a sustainable model for provision of required health services to villagers.

Effectiveness of Text Messages for Positive Change in Behaviour Amongst Young Adult Tobacco Users in Rural Wardha: Quasi Experimental Study

Effectiveness of Text Messages for Positive Change in Behaviour Amongst Young Adult Tobacco Users in Rural Wardha: Quasi Experimental Study

Physical abuse, a harsh way to discipline children: A survey report from rural wardha

Background: Child abuse, commonly used for disciplining the child, has serious physical and psychosocial consequences which adversely affect the health and overall well-being of a child. It is a violation of the basic human rights of a child and is an outcome of a set of interrelated familial, social, psychological, and economic factors. Child abuse leads to emotional, physical, economic, and sometimes legal consequences for the children aged 3–5 years. It is a globally prevalent and preventable phenomenon. Objectives: The objectives were: (1) To assess the parent reported physical abuse and (2) to find out the child reported physical abuse. Study Design: This was a survey study. Methodology: Physical abuse questionnaire. Sample: Children in the age group 3-5 years and their parents were chosen as the sample. Results: About 54.5% parents and 77.2% children reported that they slap their child once in a week. 4.5% children are slapped every day. 17% parents and 22% children reported pinching once to thrice a week. 51.5% parents and 28.5% children reported beating by parents at least once a week. Other forms of physical abuse such as starving the child, locking in dark empty room, restricting entry in the house, threatening, and scaring are also reported by parents as well as children. Conclusion: Slapping, pinching, beating, making the child starve, throwing the child away, threatening the child, and restricting them from mingling with others are common types of physical abuse by parents to children while disciplining children.

Impact of Anemia on Menstruation and Academic Performance of Adolescent Girls attending Secondary Schools of Rural Wardha District

ABSTRACT Introduction In this research, we hope to understand the effect of anemia on the various menstrual parameters and disorders and on the academic performance of adolescent girls attending secondary schools of rural Wardha. Materials and methods Questionnaires were prepared and distributed to the female students who came to attend the adolescent clinic in Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, Sawangi, India, for health checkup. Their hemoglobin was estimated and recorded in their respective questionnaires. Questionnaires were designed to understand in the best way possible the effects of anemia on the menstrual health and academic life of the adolescent girls. Results The results revealed a remarkable correlation between the grades of anemia and poor menstrual health; a similar result was seen in case of academic performance as well. It also threw light on the prevalence of anemia, which was recorded as 80% in this study, though most students had only mild grade anemia. Conclusion The results of the study revealed that there was a significant relation between anemia and the menstrual parameters and academic performance of the adolescent girls. This study could prove helpful for future researches which aim to provide better quality of life for adolescent girls in terms of general and menstrual health. How to cite this article Binoy R, Acharya N. Impact of Anemia on Menstruation and Academic Performance of Adolescent Girls attending Secondary Schools of Rural Wardha District. World J Anemia 2017;1(1):1-4.