Rural Garbage Research Articles

Extensive Communications for Increasing Community Awareness in Handling Waste (Disposable Diapers): A Bibliometric Study

In the disposal of urban and rural garbage, diaper waste has emerged as a new phenomenon. If this kind of waste is put into a river, it will harm the water environment because the earth cannot quickly break down it. This study aims to clarify the efficacy of counseling communication in raising public knowledge of postal waste management (disposable diapers). Bibliometric analysis is used in this quantitative descriptive study. The objective is to get fresh data on the investigation of extension communication to raise public knowledge of the disposal of pospak waste. Google Scholar and Crossref, two publisher sources, were used to gather the data. Through Publish or Perish, you can access articles from both sources. After gathering the data, VOS viewer is used to analyzing it. The results of the study indicate that counseling information is still an exciting topic in increasing public awareness. The importance of communication in handling waste is included in cluster 5. While public awareness in handling waste is included in cluster 3. The study of "Waste Management" is a point of attention of researchers which can be found in 8 clusters on research topics.

Research on the Classification and Measures of Rural Household Waste from the Perspective of Rural Revitalization: Based on the Research Data of Dabie Mountain Old Revolutionary Base Area in Anhui Province

In today's era of poverty alleviation has been realized and then consolidated by the achievements of poverty alleviation, rural revitalization is the trend of future development, and how to achieve rural revitalization is the problem that has to be solved today. The revitalization of rural ways and strategies, but the current living garbage improper disposal or not timely problems will seriously affect and harm the villagers' health and natural environment, it is not conducive to rural revitalization, so this paper focuses on rural garbage classification management problem, from small, contribute to realize the rural revitalization. At the same time, this paper selects the remote village of Dabie Mountain old area in Anhui Province as a case, analyzes the current situation of garbage classification management through field investigation, finds the existing problems and proposes solutions, so as to provide some reference for the garbage classification management strategy of Dabie Mountain old revolutionary base area.

Rural Residents’ Perceptions, Attitudes, and Environmentally Responsible Behaviors towards Garbage Exchange Supermarkets: An Example from Huangshan City in China

Rural residents not only produce rural garbage and participate in its disposal, but are also beneficiaries of a beautiful rural environment. The garbage exchange supermarket (where garbage is exchanged for goods) is a garbage disposal method that is employed in some villages in China. It is of great significance for the improvement of rural living environment and rural residents’ awareness of environmental protection. Thus, it is necessary to explore rural residents’ perceptions and behavior regarding garbage exchange supermarkets. Based on planned behavior theory and social exchange theory, this paper develops a model of rural residents’ perceptions, attitudes, and environmentally responsible behaviors regarding garbage exchange supermarkets. Then, using Huangshan City, China, as a case study, three villages, located in the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Xin’an River were selected. Using a stratified sampling method, 324 questionnaires were obtained from residents. The developed model was verified by the method of structural equation modeling. Findings are as follows: (1) On the whole, residents have a strong and positive perception of the benefits of garbage exchange supermarkets, with an emphasis on its environmental advantages. (2) Regarding the cost dimension in perception, the focus is spent queuing for exchange on the time and sorting garbage at home. In general, residents are still willing to spend this time going to the supermarket to exchange. (3) Environmentally responsible behavior is divided into two dimensions: compliance and promotion-type environmentally responsible behavior—the former is more apparent among rural residents. (4) Residents’ perceptions of benefits positively affect their attitudes and satisfaction towards garbage exchange supermarkets. Cost perception has no significant effect on residents’ attitudes but has a negative correlation with satisfaction, satisfaction and attitude have positive correlations with environmentally responsible behavior, and satisfaction also positively affects residents’ attitudes.

Does Social Capital Promote Garbage Classification? Evidence From China

A new round of garbage classification campaign is carrying out in China. Using Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) Data in 2013, the study focuses on the influence mechanism of social capital on garbage classification in China and the difference between urban and rural areas. Descriptive analysis, Ordered Logit model and “Coefficient clustering method” were used in this study. The results show that social capital (online social capital, social network, social trust) can effectively promote garbage classification after controlling the relevant individual characteristic variables in China. China’s garbage classification is embedded in the Chinese social environment. Further analyzing the marginal effect of social capital found that online social capital has the large marginal effect. The effect of social network is greater than the influence effect of social trust. But the marginal effect of social trust is higher than the marginal effect of social network. And social trust has the largest marginal effect. This not only makes up for the previous literature’s neglect of online social capital, marginal effect, but also illustrates the importance of online social capital. And it proves the interaction between traditional Chinese social network and modern social trust. In addition, the influence of social capital on urban and rural garbage classification is heterogeneous in China. Both social trust and social network have influence on the urban classification garbage. However, only social network have a significant influence in rural areas, and social trust has not played a role. China’s garbage classification should focus on social factors, that is, the influence of social capital. It is necessary to follow the coupling between the top-down logic of government and the bottom-up logic of society, and realize the nationwide participation. It is of great significance for promoting the sustainable development of China and the sustainable development of the world.

Characteristics of microbial aerosol particles dispersed downwind from rural sanitation facilities: Size distribution, source tracking and exposure risk

Bioaerosols containing pathogens released from waste and wastewater treatment facilities pose potential health risks to workers on-site and residents downwind. In this study, sampling sites were set up at rural garbage stations (GS-1 and GS-2) and sewage treatment station (STS) to investigate the emission and diffusion characteristics of bioaerosols. High-throughput sequencing was utilized to assay the intestinal bacteria population, while the health risks associated with bioaerosols exposure were estimated based on average daily dose rates (DD). Traceability analysis was used to determine the percentages of intestinal bacteria from GS-1, GS-2 and STS. The recorded emission levels of bioaerosols in the air surrounding GS-1, GS-2, and STS were 5053, 6299, and 4795 CFU/m3, containing 1599, 2244, and 2233 CFU/m3 of intestinal bacteria, respectively. Most of the bioaerosols were coarse particles with size larger than 4.7 μm. Methylobacterium, Rhizobium, Pseudomonas, Enterobacteriaceae, and Brucella presented in the air were originally in rural waste and wastewater. STS and GS-2 were potential sources of intestinal bacteria. With increasing distance from the sources, the concentration of bioaerosols decreased gradually. On-site workers and residents were predominantly affected by bioaerosols through inhalation. The exposure risks via inhalation and skin contact for children were much higher than that for adults. The purpose of this study was to provide preliminary data for bioaerosols control and their risks reduction released from rural sanitation facilities.

Resíduos sólidos no espaço rural: uma análise do assentamento Pindoba I em União dos Palmares

ABSTRACT: The general objective of this study is to verify how is the disposal of solid waste and its effects on settlement Pindoba I in Uniao dos Palmares. The work methodology is structured in a quantitative approach in the field of social data, economic, environmental and demographic, and a qualitative approach in relation to the perception of the population regarding the allocation of waste generated on the property. The data gave subsidy to an exploratory analysis with the support material such as pictures and interviews. The results show that residents in the settlement Pindoba I use some forms of waste disposal in the prayer being more frequent fires. Moreover, they do not receive guidance on how to appropriate treatment to be given to the waste produced and also reuses ment of such waste. With regard to the types of waste disposed in rural dwellings, we identified that are very similar to those deposited in urban areas. So classified: product packaging, plastic bags, glass, cans of aluminum, PET bottles, cardboard and some metals. This information pointed to the need for involvement of public officials with the improper disposal of waste generated by rural communities, forbut waste reuse and composting of organic waste will therefore be a good alternative because it is a rich rural environment in such waste. Selective collection also protect the environment, ensuring proper disposal of waste and reusing those recyclable. Thus, the public awareness of the correct way of disposal of these wastes would be a way of preserving the environment. KEYWORDS: Nesting Pindoba I, Rural, Rural Garbage, Ambiental degradation, environmental education.

Study on the Status Quo and Countermeasures of Rural Domestic Waste Pollution in Liaoning Province

At present, the problem of rural domestic garbage pollution in China is relatively serious, which restricts the sustainable development of rural areas. Therefore, it is very important to investigate and analyze the characteristics of rural domestic garbage generation and discuss countermeasures for the treatment of domestic garbage. This article is conducted a one-year follow-up survey of the characteristics of garbage generation in Zhenshang Village, Central Village, and Natural Village in Fushun City, Anshan City, Dandong City, Shenyang City, Tieling City, and Panjin City in Liaoning Province. Background, the amount, physical composition and change trend of rural domestic garbage were analyzed, and on this basis, countermeasures for rural domestic garbage treatment in Liaoning Province were proposed.

Analysis of the Status and Influencing Factors of Rural Waste Classification and Treatment—Based on the Empirical Study of Bengbu City

Realizing the classification and treatment of rural garbage not only has the practical significance of improving the quality of life of rural residents, improving the rural ecological environment, increasing the reuse rate of resources, but also the need to build beautiful countryside. Based on field survey data from Dougou Village and Xinbei Village, Bengbu City, the rural waste classification and treatment work is not well implemented by residents; the rural waste treatment methods are deficient; the infrastructure for waste treatment is insufficient; and the sources of funds for waste treatment are limited difficult. In order to analyze the influencing factors of China’s rural garbage classification and treatment at this stage, this paper selects nine factors from five aspects: residents, government, society, economy, and family, and uses the analytic hierarchy process to compare the factors to find the main factors affecting rural garbage classification. Combined with the current status of rural waste classification and treatment, we provide effective suggestions for the development of waste classification and treatment in rural areas in China, in order to improve the current status of rural garbage treatment.

Current Situation Survey of Garbage Management in rural areas of Heilongjiang province

This paper makes investigation to 120 administrative villages, count the the output, the distribution characteristics, the composition and the treatment model of the rural garbage at this stage. The research shows that the composition of the rural garbage is very complicated, the total annual output of rural garbage is 5 295 600 tonnes, and the daily output per capital of household garbage is 0.8925 kg. According to the situation of Heiliongjiang Province, this paper analyze the main problem during the garbage disposal, some control measures are presented, this reaesrch could provide basic data and research for the following treatment. The significant new findings of the research is that the rational governance path of garbage is that, first classification, second recycling and third harmless treatment.

The status of rural garbage disposal

With the development of rural construction and the improvement of the living standard of residents, the production of rural living waste is increasing day by day. These wastes not only pollute the environment, destroy the rural landscape, but also spread disease, threaten the life safety of human beings, and become one of the public hazards. The problem of rural living waste is a major environmental problem facing China and the world. This paper make a summary analysis about the present situation of municipal waste in China, this paper expounds the problems in rural garbage treatment, and in view of status quo of municipal waste in China put forward comprehensive countermeasures.

Basic Features of Combustible Rural Garbage Component and Its Spatial-temporal Difference in China

In order to realize the disposal feasibility of rural garbage by incineration, 72 rural garbage sampling points of 12 provinces in China were chosen to analyse mass fraction of full component and combustible component, moisture content of full component and low heating value of rural garbage in spring, summer, autumn and winter of 2015. The results revealed that the mass fraction of combustible rural garbage components in wet basis followed the order of kitchen residual(13%-53%) > the rubber(10%-18%) > the paper(10%-15%) > the wood(0-10%) > the fabric(0-8%). The compositional difference of rural garbage was not apparent between villages and towns within the same administrative region. The average moisture content of full component in southern rural garbage was higher than that in northern area, and the average moisture content of national rural garbage was about 40.1%. The low heating value of rural garbage in full composition which surpassed 3500 kJ·kg-1 was more than 81% in the north China, but in the south China, it was 44%, 50%, 61% and 72% in spring, summer, autumn and winter, respectively. After sorting, the low heating value increased greatly, but the low heating value of southern rural garbage in spring was still less than 3500 kJ·kg-1, more than 56% towns and villages of southern rural garbage in summer, autumn and winter and annual northern rural garbage heating value met the heating value requirement of incineration disposal. Therefore, after sorting, the rural garbage by incineration disposal method was feasible to the north China rural garbage, but the south China rural garbage requires strengthened pretreatment process.

The Production Status and Treatment for Rural Solid Waste in Hainan Province

According to the characteristics of rural household garbage and the realistic conditions of rural areas in Hainan Province, and based on the experience of the rural household garbage processing, this paper discusses the rural garbage recovery processing pattern, funds and management of Hainan province and other relevant problems, in order to provide suggestions and comments about the processing of rural household garbage for Hainan as a tourist province.

Research on Rural Pollution Treatment Technology

To solve the problem of increasingly prominent environmental pollution in rural areas, this paper analyzed the main factors affecting the rural environmental pollution, including the rural living garbage pollution, industrial pollution, livestock and poultry breeding pollution, fertilizers and pesticides pollution, and on this basis some rural environmental pollution treatment countermeasures are put forward.

Waste Countermeasures in New Rural Construction of Hebei Province

Mountain garbage pollution in the province's economic, safety, feasibility as the goal, make full use of the space advantage mountainous rural areas, labor advantage and grassroots organizational advantage, raised in rural garbage collection and disposal countermeasures and suggestions; GIS and multi-objective decision-making as the core technology designed particles and waste disposal lines, to optimize garbage collection and disposal in the region of space network, and propose specific support measures and policy recommendations.

Experimental and numerical study of pollution process in an aquifer in relation to a garbage dump field

The water quality of shallow aquifers that have direct relationship to human heath and ecological safety has been seriously threatened by widespread dumping of industrial solid waste, urban and rural garbage. A garbage dump field with hydrogeological, environ-geological characteristics typical of the Beijing plain was selected for investigation. A hydrogeological model was constructed and the equations used to describe pollutant transport in one-dimensional (1D) steady, uniform groundwater flow to investigate the transport/diffusion processes. In addition to the coefficients for calculation, diffusion coefficient and other coefficients of the aquifer were obtained by conducting in situ diffusion experiments and sample tests. Velocity and scope of pollutant transport/diffusion process were calculated. Accordingly, the real pollution situation in the aquifer was evaluated through in situ drilling and sample testing. Transport/diffusion processes of pollutants within the aquifer abide by the solute equation applicable to 1D steady flow. The transport and diffusion dominate in the direction of groundwater flowing at a speed of about 120 m per year. Comparably, the lateral diffusive width is much smaller. Pollution degree decreases by the law of Y=1.08 exp(33.533/X), where Y is the distance from the garbage dump field and X is the overall pollution index.

Contact rates of raccoons (Procyon lotor) at a communal feeding site in rural eastern Ontario.

Intra- and interspecific contact rates of 12 adult (five females, seven males) raccoons (Procyon lotor) were recorded while these animals fed at a rural garbage dump 40 km north of Kingston, Ontario, Canada from 15 June to 5 September 1995. While raccoons were being observed, they bit, and were bitten, by their conspecifics an average of 0.99 (+/- 0.21) and 1.28 (+/- 0.21) times per hour, respectively, while feeding. Based on mean nightly contact rates (which included time when raccoons were not observed), raccoons bit one of their conspecifics once every 3 nights while feeding. The mean rate of bites made and received per hour for males was not significantly different from lactating females. There was no detectable difference between the mean rate of bites made and received per hour for raccoons which regularly versus occasionally fed at the dump. No interspecific contacts were observed, though raccoons and striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) often fed at the dump concurrently. The contact rates in this study are the first to be calculated for raccoons directly from field data and will be useful as a point of reference for modeling rabies spread in raccoons in areas with similar site characteristics.

The Effects of a Small Rural Garbage Dump on Populations of Peromyscus leucopus Rafinesque and Other Small Mammals

Garbage dumps are at present unavoidable and have considerable impact on areas where they are located. Darlington (1969) reviewed some of the potential effects of dumps, including the inhibition of plant growth by altering soil composition and permeability, and by providing centres for destructive rodents. The California State Water Pollution Control Board (1961) and Anderson & Dornbush (1968) reported pollution of local ground water from refuse disposal while Hanks (1967) reviewed the diseases and their vectors associated with dumps. An important ecological effect of dumps is the local impact of introduced animals and plants brought in with garbage (Darlington 1969). There is a lack of data on the inhabitation of dumps by rodents and other small mammals. Darlington (1969) estimated that between 700 and 1000 Mus musculus (see Appendix for common names) as well as Rattus spp. occupied a dump site in Essex, England. Marsh & Howard (1969) found that dumps in California support principally R. norvegicus, occasionally R. rattus and, less frequently, ground squirrels (Citellus spp.) and Mus musculus. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a small, rural dump on local populations of small mammals, principally rodents. The possible interactions between Peromyscus leucopus and Mus musculus in a dump situation were also recorded.