Running-based Anaerobic Sprint Test Research Articles

The Effect of Lower Body Compression Tights on the Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Test in Young Male Basketball Players

This study aims to assess the influence of lower body compression tights on performance in the Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST) in young male basketball players. Twenty male basketball players participated in the study (age = 16.5±0.5 years, height = 176.8±5.71 cm, weight = 68.5±8.98 kg, basketball experience = 2.35±0.49 years). Players performed the RAST, comprising 6 x 35 m sprints with 10-second intervals, wearing regular shorts or compression tights, with a one-week interval between conditions. Before each test, a 24-hour dietary record was used to calculate the total calorie intake and the percentage of calories from carbohydrates to account for dietary variations. The Hooper Index was used to assess fatigue levels before each test. The RAST, conducted using a Newtest Powertimer photocell (300 Series, Oulu, Finland), determined maximal power (Pmax), minimum power (Pmin), average power (AP), and fatigue index (FI). Perceived exertion after each RAST was assessed using the Borg Scale (20-point system). Paired-samples ttest results showed no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) between the means from the two test sessions. The study suggests that lower body compression tights did not significantly impact RAST performance in young basketball players. Considering the study design, applying it to more experienced players after familiarization sessions with compression tights may yield different results.

"Effect of Progressive Structured Neuromuscular Training Program on Balance, Performance and Injury Risk Prediction in Amateur Futsal Team Players: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial"

"Neuromuscular training improves neuromuscular control and balance, consequently enhancing joint stability. This study aims to assess the impact of a structured neuromuscular training program on balance and performance among university amateur male futsal team players and to analyze biomechanical factors pertinent to injury risk assessments. Thirty athletes aged between 18 and 25, participating in the university male futsal team, will be enrolled in this study. At the outset, all athletes will undergo evaluation using the Korebalance® System, Countermovement Jump, Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Test, Shot on Goal Test, Sit and Reach Test, Shuttle, Y Balance-Lower Quadrant, and The Tuck Jump test. Subsequently, they will maintain their regular training regimen of classical training twice a week for eight weeks and undergo reassessment using the same battery of tests after 8 weeks of period. Following this initial phase, the athletes will be randomly assigned to two groups: Control Group (n = 15) and Neuromuscular Training Group (n = 15). The Control Group (CG) will continue with their classical futsal training twice a week for eight weeks, while the Neuromuscular Training Group (NMEG) will engage in progressive structured neuromuscular training in addition to their regular futsal training, also twice a week for eight weeks. At the conclusion of the eight-week intervention period, both groups will undergo reevaluation using the same assessment methods. The study commenced in October 2023 and is anticipated to conclude by August 2024. It is anticipated that the integration of progressive structured neuromuscular training into futsal team training programs will yield positive outcomes."

Effects of Four Weeks of In-Season Pre-Workout Supplementation on Performance, Body Composition, Muscle Damage, and Health-Related Markers in Basketball Players: A Randomized Controlled Study.

This randomized, double-blinded, experimental study investigated the effects of a four-week daily pre-workout supplementation (200 mg caffeine, 3.3 g creatine monohydrate, 3.2 g β-alanine, 6 g citrulline malate, and 5 g BCAA) vs. placebo (isocaloric maltodextrin) on anaerobic (jumping, sprinting, agility, and the running-based anaerobic sprint test: RAST) and aerobic (Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1) performance, as well as on body composition and selective muscle damage/health-related blood markers in well-trained basketball players during the in-season period. Eighteen basketball players (age: 24.4 ± 6.3 years, height: 185.7 ± 8.0 cm, weight: 85.7 ± 12.8 kg, body fat: 16.5 ± 4.2%) were randomly assigned into two groups: pre-workout supplement (PWS, n = 10) or placebo (PL, n = 8). PWS consumption increased aerobic performance (PWS: 8 ± 6%; PL: -2 ± 6%; p = 0.004) compared to PL. A significant decrease was observed in peak (F = 7.0; p = 0.017), average (F = 10.7; p = 0.005), and minimum power (F = 5.1; p = 0.039) following 4 weeks of supplementation in both groups. No other significant changes were observed between groups (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the consumption of the current PWS over a four-week period appears to positively influence the aerobic performance of well-trained basketball players during the in-season period. However, it does not appear to mitigate the observed decline in anaerobic power, nor does it affect performance in jumping, sprinting, and agility, or alter body composition or selective muscle damage/health-related blood markers.

Does Short-Term Speed Endurance Soccer Training Improve Physical Performance?

Objectives. This study is aimed at analyzing the impact of short-term Speed Endurance Soccer Training (SEST) training on the physical performance of young soccer players. Materials and methods. The true experiment method was used in this study. The study population comprised a total of 122 individuals. Furthermore, by using random sampling techniques, a sample of 30 persons was selected with an average age of 15.2 ± 0.81 years, height 168.1 ± 4.82 cm, weight 57.85 ± 11.93 kg, and BMI 20.34 ± 3.37. Physical performance instruments included the Running Based Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST), Yo-Yo intermittent test level 1, 20-meter sprint, and standing broad jump test. The study used the paired t-test to evaluate the effect of each group and the independent samples t-test to compare the improvement in the experimental (SEST) and control groups. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results. The paired t-test showed significant differences between the pretest and post-test in the SEST group in anaerobic (p = .000, Δ% = 8.4), aerobic (p = .000, Δ% = 7.48), and speed (p = .000, Δ% = 3.39) capacities. Meanwhile, there were no considerable differences in the variables for the control group. According to the independent t-test results, a significant difference in effect between the SEST group and the CTRL group was revealed. The SEST group demonstrated marked differences in anaerobic, aerobic and speed variables with a p-value = 0.000. Conclusions. The study reveals that short-term Speed Endurance Soccer Training contributes to enhancing the physical performance of soccer players. However, caution should be exercised regarding the potential risk of hamstring injury in individuals with unprepared muscles.

Effect of acute anaerobic performance on zinc alpha 2 glycoprotein, apelin and lipasin levels.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of acute anaerobic exercise on serum levels of adipokines Zinc-α2-glycoprotein (ZAG), apelin, and lipasin. Eighteen male athletes who actively played soccer and trained at least four days a week, with a mean age of 19.11 ± 2.59 years, body weight of 70.61 ± 8.17 kg, height of 176.0 ± 7.71cm, sport age of 7.22 ± 2.60 years and BMI of 22.76 ± 1.68 kg/m2 participated in the study. Athletes were subjected to the Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST) for anaerobic performance. Blood samples were collected from the athletes 4 times (at rest, 10 minutes, 60 minutes, and 24 hours after exercise). The results of the study showed that acute anaerobic exercise significantly increased ZAG levels (p<0.05). However, no statistically significant difference was detected in apelin and lipasin levels (p>0.05). In conclusion, the findings of this study indicate that acute anaerobic exercise is associated with an increase in ZAG levels, but not apelin or lipasin levels. The observations suggest that ZAG may have a specific response to anaerobic exercise, which provides valuable insight into its potential impact on energy metabolism.

Effects of Contrast Training with Two Sessions Weekly Frequency on Physical Fitness of University-Level Male Soccer Players

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of a six-week contrast training intervention conducted twice per week during the preparatory period on the measures of physical fitness in university-level male soccer players. Materials and methods. Sixteen players were selected as participants and randomly assigned to an experimental group or an active control group. Data were collected at baseline and after a six-week training intervention period for 15 m and 30 m linear sprint, medicine ball throw (MBT), standing long jump (SLJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), change of direction speed (CODS), peak torque (both legs) during extension and flexion, and running-based anaerobic sprint test (RAST). Results. The analysis revealed reported significant small to very-large magnitude within-group improvement in all the dependent variables for the experimental group (p&lt;0.001–0.028) but not for the control group (p=0.066–1.000). Further, the analysis of covariance with the pre-test scores as covariates revealed significant differences at post-intervention assessments for all the dependent variables, favoring the contrast training group (p&lt;0.001–0.05). Conclusions. A six-week contrast training intervention with two weekly sessions during the preparatory period may be sufficient to induce small improvement in the 30 m linear sprint and isokinetic strength of both legs, moderate improvement in the 15 m linear sprint, and MBT, large improvements in SLJ, RAST, and a very large improvement in vertical jump (CMJ) and CODS.

Fatigue Index Analysis in Student Soccer Clubs after 45 Minutes of Soccer Match

The purpose of this study was to determine and see the value of the fatigue index in student football athletes after playing a match for 45 minutes in the first halfs. This study used a quantitative descriptive method with 22 sample. The instrument used in this study is the Running-based Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST), which is a test carried out by sprinting with a distance of 35 meters for 6 repetitions and a 10 second rest interval for each repetition performed by the athlete. The test results showed that from 22 students who played soccer for 45 minutes, 15 students (68.18%) had a high fatigue index value, while 7 students (31.82%) had a low fatigue index value. Based on the results of data analysis and discussion, it can be concluded that 15 out of 22 people (68.18%) of student soccer athletes after playing a soccer match for 45 minutes in the first half had a high fatigue index value.

Comparison of usefulness of two tests measuring anaerobic performance of untrained and soccer-training girls U12

The study aimed to investigate the usefulness of the Running-based Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST) in anaerobic performance estimation in trained and untrained girls U12, and the effect of an 8-week training period in female U12 soccer players on anaerobic performance. A comparative study of two structurally different anaerobic tests was performed to reach the goal. The study was designed as a non-randomized, controlled before-and-after trial. Fourteen female soccer players (FSP) and twelve untrained girls (UNT) participated in the study. During that time, all participants were subjected to school’s physical education classes and the FSP additionally participated in regular soccer training. The anaerobic performance was evaluated twice, within 8-weeks period, using the traditional Wingate test (WAnT) and the RAST. A significant increase in the anaerobic performance of the FSP was noted (p < 0.05). In both tests peak, average, and relative power were significantly improved (p < 0.005). Nevertheless, strong, statistically significant (p < 0.05) correlation coefficients (0.50 < r < 0.70) were found for pre-training measurements between the WAnT and the RAST power parameters in absolute values. In UNT group significant improvement was found in peak, average and min power (p < 0.05) in the RAST. The improvement in anaerobic performance after training along with the strong correlation noted between the WAnT and the RAST power parameters prove the usefulness of the RAST in assessing anaerobic capacity in female youth athletes. Its simplicity encourages its use in monitoring anaerobic capacity in both trained and untrained girls.

Effects of Fatigue Induced by the Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Test on the Performance in Execution Time and Decision-Making in Technical-Tactical Actions in Soccer (Passing and Driving) in a Laboratory Situation

Study purpose. The running-based anaerobic sprint test (RAST) has been developed to assess anaerobic power and fatigue levels using a repeated sprint protocol. The aim of this research was to study the effect of fatigue induced by RAST on performance in execution time (ET) and decision-making (DMA) in technical-tactical actions in soccer in a laboratory situation. Materials and methods. Quasi-experimental, longitudinal, pretest-posttest comparative study. Two groups of soccer players (n = 34) divided into a control group (n = 18) and an experimental group (n = 16) were evaluated twice at two different times. Results. Taking into account the p-value, effect size and statistical power, there are differences before and after RAST in the variables Total Index (TI) and ET, and not in DMA. On the other hand, the control group remained stable at both times. Conclusions. After the intervention, the experimental group showed a decrease in the figures of the ET and TI variables, but not in the DMA variable, in other words, the decisional time and motor time, components of the ET variable and essential at the time of rapid decision-making, increased in the posttest.

Anthropometric and Physiological Predictors of Soccer Skills in Youth Soccer Players

Study purpose. This study aimed at investigating the anthropometric and physiological characteristics that affect soccer skills in advanced-level youth soccer players. Materials and methods. Ninety advanced youth male soccer players from the U-18 division 1 soccer club were enrolled to participate in this study. The participants were classified into three different positions: defenders, midfielders, and forwards. The anthropometric profiles (height, weight, and body fat) and physiological variables (Y-balance test, Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1, running-based anaerobic sprint test, sit-up test, countermovement jump test, drop jump test, arrowhead agility test, and 40-m sprint test) were assessed. Soccer-specific skills were measured using the Loughborough soccer passing and shooting protocol. Results. The multiple regression analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship between physical factors and the Loughborough soccer passing ability (R2 = 0.291, F(15, 74) = 2.200, p = 0.015). The results indicated that the relative maximum power displayed the strongest association with passing ability, followed by sit-up, countermovement jump without and with arm swing, and fatigue index. Concerning the shooting performance, the predictors accounted for 21.8% of the variance, with sit-up being the sole significant predictor among other factors. Conclusions. Our findings underscore the significance of relative maximum power, fatigue tolerance, muscular power, and core strength as valuable predictors for enhancing passing ability. In addition, abdominal strength emerged as a crucial indicator of shooting performance. Soccer coaches could use the essential information described in this study for talent identification purposes.

Analysis of Aerobic and Anaerobic Endurances of Defenders, Midfielders, and Forwards in Football

This study aimed to analyze the aerobic and anaerobic endurance of defenders, midfielders, and forwards in football game. The researchers applied quantitative descriptive methods and selected 30 football players as the research participants using purposive sampling. Tests and measurements were utilized to collect the data from the participants. The research instrument for measuring aerobic endurance was the Multistage Fitness Test (MFT) and the Running Based Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST) for measuring anaerobic endurance. After the data had been collected, they were analyzed using the One-way Anova test. The results showed no significant difference between aerobic and anaerobic endurance for amateur football defenders, midfielders, and forwards. Midfielders had the highest average of aerobic endurance with an average score of 47.68 compared to defenders with an average score of 43.8 and forwards with an average of 47.1. As for anaerobic endurance ability, midfielders also obtained the highest average score of 5.07 compared to defenders, with a result of 8.24 and forwards, with a result of 8.73.

Effects Of Dark Chocolate Supplementation On Performance And Other Physiological Measures In Running-based Anaerobic Sprint Test

Effects Of Dark Chocolate Supplementation On Performance And Other Physiological Measures In Running-based Anaerobic Sprint Test

The effect of 24-hour sleep deprivation and anaerobic exercise on the expression of BAX, BCL2, BMAL1 and CCAR2 genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells after L-arginine supplementation

Sleep deprivation disrupt the circadian clock and exercise performance. Defective oxidative stress caused by sleep deprivation may affect the expression of genes involved in cell apoptosis. Since a number of studies have shown the anti-apoptotic effect of L-arginine, so the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of L-arginine supplementation on the expression of brain and muscle ARNT-like protein 1 (BMAL1), cell cycle and apoptosis regulator 2 (CCAR2), and BAX and BCL2 genes during sleep deprivation and acute anaerobic exercise. Participants included 20 healthy men age 26–35 years, randomized into the L-arginine intervention group (n = 10) and a placebo control (n = 10). The running-based anaerobic sprint test (RAST) was used for anaerobic exercise. Intervention subjects took one 1000 mg L-arginine tablet daily for 8 weeks. The Real-Time PCR method was used to determine apoptosis gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Acute anaerobic exercise and sleep deprivation both increased the expression of BAX and CCAR2 genes, and decreased the expression of BCL2 and BMAL1 genes (p < 0.05 for all). L-arginine supplementation increased the expression of BMAL1 and BCL2 genes and decreased the expression of BAX and CCAR2 genes relative to control (p < 0.05). L-Arginine controlled the increase in expression of BAX and CCAR2 genes and the decrease in expression of BCL2 and BMAL1 genes in response to sleep deprivation and acute anaerobic exercise (p < 0.05). Our results showed that 24-hour sleep deprivation and acute anaerobic exercise increased the expression of pro-apoptotic genes (BAX and CCAR2) and decreased the expression of anti-apoptotic genes (BCL2 and BMAL1), although the effect of sleep deprivation is greater. In this situation, L-arginine supplementation may balance the apoptotic state of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. However, any recommendation about this needs further research.

Analysis Anthropometric, Aerobic Capacity, Anaerobic and Physical Activity of Lampung Provincial Gymnastics Athletes

This study aims to determine the anthropometric profile, aerobic, anaerobic capacity and physical activity of the Lampung Province Gymnastics Athletes. The method used is (Mix Method) descriptive quantitative &amp; qualitative with a sample of 10 athletes. The instruments used are tests and measurements of body mass index, bleep test, running-based anaerobic sprint test (RAST), and global physical activity questionnaire (GPAQ). The data analysis technique used descriptive statistics, and regression test. The results of this study indicate that the anthropometric profile measured by Body Mass Index (BMI) is in the normal category (80%), aerobic capacity is in the good category (40%), anaerobic capacity is in the very good category (50%), and activity level Physical fitness is included in the moderate category (60%). The results of the regression test showed that: 1) There was a relationship between BMI and aerobic capacity, the sig value was obtained. 0.043 &lt; 0.05. 2) There is no relationship between BMI and anaerobic capacity, the sig value is obtained. 0.516 &gt; 0.05. 3) There is a relationship between BMI and the level of physical activity obtained by sig. 0.000 &lt; 0.05. 4) There is no relationship between aerobic capacity and anaerobic capacity with a sig value of 0.280 &gt; 0.05. 5) There is a relationship between aerobic capacity and the level of physical activity, obtained a sig value of 0.034 &lt; 0.05. 6) There is no correlation between anaerobic capacity and physical activity level, the sig value is 0.938 &gt; 0.05. So in this study, anthropometric variables measured by BMI had a significant relationship with aerobic capacity and physical activity, and there was a significant relationship between aerobic capacity and physical activity levels in the Lampung Province’s gymnastics athletes.

Effect of interval and continuous small-sided games training on the bio-motor abilities of young soccer players: a comparative study

ObjectiveThe present study compared the effects of two different small-sided game (SSG) training methods, interval (ISSG) and continuous (CSSG) on the bio-motor abilities of young soccer players.MethodsSixteen young soccer players (age: 19.5 ± 0.5 years; height: 177 ± 4.72 cm) were ranked based on the result of a running-based anaerobic sprint test (RAST) and randomly divided into two groups: CSSG (n = 8) and ISSG (n = 8). The training protocols were performed for eight weeks, three sessions per week. Participants were assessed twice (pre- and post-intervention) to estimate their anaerobic capacity with the RAST, aerobic capacity with Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test, body fat percentage with a bioimpedance analysis, speed with a 30-meter run test, and agility with the Illinois agility test. During the training session, the rating of the perceived exertion (RPE) and heart rate (mean and maximum) were recorded to assess the training load.ResultsIn general, aerobic and anaerobic capacities improved after ISSG (p < 0.05, for all). The between-group analysis with repeated measures ANOVA revealed higher values for ISSG than CSSG groups post-intervention in anaerobic power (p = 0.042, ηp2 = 0.264). In addition, the independent t-test results indicated that ISSG presented lower values of mean heart rate (p = 0.023, effect size [ES] = 0.85) and RPE (p < 0.05, ES = 0.88) than CSSG. Moreover, higher values for maximum heart rate were revealed for ISSG than for the CSSG group (p = 0.004, ES = 0.85).ConclusionIn conclusion, the findings of this study suggests that ISSG can lead to better improvements in anaerobic power and aerobic capacity than CSSG. Additionally, the ISSG led to a lower mean heart rate and RPE than the CSSG. Therefore, coaches and trainers may want to consider incorporating ISSG into their training programs for young soccer players to enhance their bio-motor abilities.

Effect of Complex Training on Aerobic and Anaerobic Power of Amateur Athletes

The study purpose was to investigate the effect of complex training on aerobic and anaerobic power of amateur athletes. Materials and methods. The study included 30 amateur athletes in soccer and hockey, which were equally divided into two groups, namely an Experimental group who underwent 6 weeks of complex training along with regular training in their sports and a Control Group who only performed their regular sports training. Anaerobic power was assessed by Running-based Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST) and aerobic power (VO₂max) was assessed by 12-min Cooper run/walk test. The study used the Pre-test Post-test Randomized Group Design, and Paired t-test was used as the statistical technique for data analysis at a significance level of 0.05. Results. At the end of six weeks, the Experimental group showed significant improvement in anaerobic power and VO₂max, while only VO₂max was improved in the Control group (p&lt;0.05). No significant improvement was observed in anaerobic power for the Control group (p&gt;0.06). Therefore, this shows that complex training has significant effect on anaerobic power, while it does not produce significant improvements in aerobic power. Conclusions. Six weeks of complex training integrated with regular sports training can improve anaerobic power. Coaches and athletes, specifically in soccer and hockey, can implement the complex training program in their regular training.

Variations in cumulative workload and anaerobic power in adolescent elite male football players: associations with biological maturation

BackgroundIt is considered that the maturity condition of young football players is related to their physical performance during short high-intensity efforts dependent on anaerobic power ability. Hence, the aim was to determine possible relationships between maturity status and training intensity by measuring the footballer´s peak height velocity (PHV), maturity offset and anaerobic power.MethodsSeventeen youth male players of different playing positions participated in the study and performed tests at three different stages of the season (early-, mid- and end-season) All the anthropometric parameters and biomarkers related to maturation were controlled during the season. The training intensity and load was monitored and the anaerobic power of the players was assessed by a running-based anaerobic sprint test (RAST).ResultsThe analysis of all the recorded data revealed a positive relationship between PHV and anaerobic power in the early- and end-season stages (p < 0.05). Maturity offset and anaerobic power (mean RAST) showed an absolute correlation in early- and end -season stages (r: − 0.39 to 0.91). The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that min RAST was the best predictor for both PHV and maturity offset. The analysis of the training intensity and workloads showed a positive effect on the performance in the fitness test (p < 0.05). Additionally, players experienced less fatigue at the end-season stage than at the early-season.ConclusionsThe results show that coaches might benefit from monitoring training loads and the maturity status of the players in order to enhance their physical performance during the season.

Comparison of Anaerobic Performance with Laboratory and Field Tests in Trained Children

Anaerobic performance is considered an indicator of performance for short-term muscle activities of high intensity. It is important to determine whether different anaerobic field tests performed to measure anaerobic performance can be used as an alternative to WAnT performed in the laboratory. The study aimed to compare the anaerobic performance with laboratory and field tests in trained children. One-hundred four athletes between the ages of 10 and 16, minimum age of training of one year in different sports voluntarily participated in the study. Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) was performed as the reference test. Besides, Running-based Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST) and Pediatric RAST (PRAST) were performed to determine anaerobic performance. Peak power (PP), average power (AP), minimum power (MP), fatigue index (FI) and total exercise time (TED) were determined for each test. All variables of WAnT, RAST, and PRAST were significantly different (p&lt;0.01). According to test-retest results of all tests, ICC [95% CI] values have a high-reliability coefficient for all variables. It was found there is a high correlation significantly between WAnT and RAST for all variables (p&lt;0.01). Besides, there were also high correlations significantly between WAnT-PRAST and RAST-PRAST excluding fatigue index (p&lt;0.01). As a result of this study, it was determined all tests have high reliability. Considering that WAnT requires complex, expensive device and tools, trained staff and is performed in the form of cycling in the laboratory, RAST and PRAST performed with body weight in field conditions can be used to determine anaerobic performance in trained children. High correlations between tests support this determination.

The Effect of Different Massage Protocols on Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Test Performance During and After Ramadan

Purporse: Different methodologies are applied to increase the performance of athletes in sports involving high-intensity activities. Some of these methodologies can be listed as massage applications used before sports activities and listening to music. Listening to music with pre-competition massage treatments can have an impact on performance, but the effect of massage and listening to music during and after Ramadan may arouse curiosity. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of massage and massage + music protocols applied during and after Ramadan on Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Test Performance (RAST). Methods: Twenty athletes (age, 21.30± 1.49 years; height, 175.10± 2.51 cm; 74.50± 2.79 kg; BMI 24.30±.75) who exercise regularly participated in the study. The study was carried out using four different protocols during the month of Ramadan (massage/massage+music) and after (massage/massage+music) after a 5-minute warm-up at 72-hour intervals. RAST was applied after massage applications and maximum, minimum, average power and FI values were evaluated after RAST. Results: It showed that ARMM protocol values were more effective than RM, ARM and RMM protocols. Conclusions: Massage+listening to music before performing RAST can be recommended to coaches and athletes.

A Thirty-Minute Nap Enhances Performance in Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Tests during and after Ramadan Observance.

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of a 30 min nap (N30) on the Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST) both during and after Ramadan. Ten physically active kickboxers (age: 21.20 ± 1.61 years, height: 174.80 ± 4.34 cm, body mass: 73.30 ± 7.10 kg and body mass index (BMI): 24.00 ± 2.21 kg/m2) voluntarily performed the RAST test after an N30 and in a no-nap condition (NN) during two experimental periods: the last ten days of Ramadan (DR) and ∼3 weeks after Ramadan (AR). During each DR-NN, DR-N30, AR-NN and AR-N30 protocol, kickboxers performed RAST performance. A statistically significant difference was found between Ramadan periods (DR vs. AR) in terms of max power (W) (F = 80.93; p1 &lt; 0.001; η2p = 0.89), minimum power (W) (F = 49.05; p1 &lt; 0.001; η2p = 0.84), average power (W) (F = 83.79; p1 &lt; 0.001; η2p = 0.90) and fatigue index (%) results (F = 11.25; p1 = 0.008; η2p = 0.55). In addition, the nap factor was statistically significant in terms of the max power (W) (F = 81.89; p2 &lt; 0.001; η2p = 0.90), minimum power (W) (F = 80.37; p2 &lt; 0.001; η2p = 0.89), average power (W) (F = 108.41; p2 &lt; 0.001; η2p = 0.92) and fatigue index (%) results (F = 16.14; p2 = 0.003; η2p = 0.64). Taking a daytime nap benefits subsequent performance in RAST. The benefits of napping were greater after an N30 opportunity for DR and AR.