Rubber Farmers Research Articles

Assessing land use change from food croplands to rubber in Ghana's Ellembelle district: Implications for food self-sufficiency

There is evidence that cocoa and cashew farmers are targeting croplands for expansion, reducing cropland areas with negative implications for food self-sufficiency in Ghana. However, research on the dynamics of rubber expansion and its possible impact on food self-sufficiency is limited. This study analysed the intensity of land use transition from food crops to rubber and its implications for food self-sufficiency among rubber-growing households in the Ellembelle District. Land use maps were used to analyse the intensity of transition associated with rubber and food crops from 1991 to 2022. Additionally, questionnaires were used to gather information on rubber expansion, cropland loss, and food self-sufficiency from 160 rubber farmers. A Chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between households that converted croplands to rubber and food self-sufficiency. The study showed that rubber had expanded by 9647.5 ha, mainly targeting food croplands. Majority (75.3 %) of farmers reported a decline in food availability, 68.5 % reported reduced access to food, and 49.3 % indicated a decline in dietary diversity, indicating a general decrease in food self-sufficiency. However, there was no statistically significant relation between farmers who converted cropland to rubber and food self-sufficiency. This suggests that the decline in food self-sufficiency is not a result of rubber expansion but of the disproportional cropland expansion to population growth and known challenges to crop production. To achieve food self-sufficiency, there is a need to increase food crop farming among rubber-growing farmers. This can be achieved by allowing rubber farmers to spare lands solely for food crop farming, providing subsidised agricultural inputs, and enhanced extension support. Also, creating a reliable market for staple food crops such as cassava and addressing supply chain obstacles like poor road networks are essential for making food crop farming competitive.

Efisiensi Pemasaran Karet Di Kabupaten Ogan Ilir Sumatera Selatan

The rubber commodity in Ogan Ilir Regency plays an important role in increasing family income, but currently, the income of rubber farmers is still relatively low because farmers are still traditional in their marketing, causing the prices received by farmers to be low. The objectives of this study are to 1) Identify the functions of rubber marketing institutions in Ogan Ilir Regency, 2) Analyze the efficiency of rubber marketing in Ogan Ilir Regency.. Sampling was carried out randomly. 75 samples were used in this research, with a population of rubber farmers, namely 236 farmers in Tanjung Batu District and 254 in Payaraman District. Locations were chosen purposively based on the same considerations: the subdistricts and villages that produce the largest rubber production. Data collection uses cross-section data. Rubber marketing efficiency is analyzed using marketing margin, farmer's share, profit to cost ratio and the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model. The research results show that rubber farmers in Ogan Ilir Regency use three marketing channel patterns. Based on the analysis of rubber marketing efficiency, it is recommended that rubber farmers in Ogan Ilir Regency use marketing channel 1, namely farmers-UPPB-factories and marketing channel 3, namely farmers-wholesalers-factories.

Impact of Ecological Cognitive Bias on Pesticide Reduction by Natural Rubber Farmers in China: Insight from Price Insurance Satisfaction

Some natural rubber farmers mistakenly equate the ecological functions of rubber plantations with those of primary forests. This cognitive bias can hinder pesticide reduction efforts. Meanwhile, natural rubber farmers gain security through price insurance, which helps them adopt a long-term perspective on environmental protection, mitigating the negative impact of cognitive biases on pesticide use decisions. However, existing research often overlooks the influence of ecological cognitive bias on pesticide reduction and the moderating role of price insurance satisfaction. This study utilizes field survey data from Hainan and employs logit models and double machine learning models to empirically analyze the impact of ecological cognitive bias on pesticide reduction among natural rubber farmers. It further tests the underlying mechanisms using moderation models. The results indicate that (1) ecological cognitive bias negatively affects pesticide reduction among natural rubber farmers, and (2) price insurance satisfaction mitigates the impact of ecological cognitive bias on pesticide reduction. Based on these findings, the government should enhance education and training to raise ecological awareness among natural rubber farmers and reduce ecological cognitive biases. Disseminating knowledge about price insurance and establishing a comprehensive insurance system can secure farmers’ income and promote the rational use of pesticides.

Socio-Demographic Profile, Farming Challenges and Local Government Unit (LGU) Support to Rubber Farmers in Tampilisan, Zamboanga Del Norte: A Pre and Actual Pandemic Analysis

This study investigates the socio-demographic profile, farming challenges, and the Local Government Unit (LGU) support to rubber farmers in Tampilisan, Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines. The research employed a pre and actual-pandemic analysis to assess the effectiveness of LGU extension services in empowering rubber farmers. Data from 50 rubber farmers across 15 barangays were analyzed using a descriptive-correlation method. Findings reveal that rubber farmers in Tampilisan are predominantly middle-aged, have a high school education level, and have low monthly incomes. Farmers engage in diverse farming practices, including intercropping and integrated farming systems, demonstrating adaptive strategies for income diversification. While participation in LGU extension services was high before the pandemic, it significantly declined during the pandemic due to restrictions and limitations. Farmers identified several key challenges, including low rubber prices, capital constraints, and lack of skilled labor, which persisted before and during the pandemic. Despite these challenges, farmers reported moderate agreement on the benefits derived from LGU extension services, particularly regarding education for their children and food security for their families. Findings also suggest that farmers' income correlates with the types of crops planted, indicating that diversifying crops like coconut, banana, and fruit trees can lead to increased income. More so, the correlation between farmer participation and the acquisition of farming tools and planting materials underscores the positive impact of active engagement on resource access. Analyzing the above results, the study revealed the importance of sustained farmer engagement in extension services for enhancing agricultural resilience and livelihood sustainability. The insights elicited from this study include strengthening technical training and infrastructure, promoting farmer group participation, and fostering collaboration between the Local Government Unit (LGU), educational institutions, and government agencies to ensure the effectiveness of extension programs and support sustainable rubber farming practices in Tampilisan.

Comparative Analysis of Rubber Farmers' Income from the Auction Marketing System and the Conventional System in Pangean District, Kuantan Singingi Regency, Riau Province

Comparative Analysis of Rubber Farmers' Income from the Auction Marketing System and the Conventional System in Pangean District, Kuantan Singingi Regency, Riau Province

Risk Assessment of Rubber Tapping A Case Study: Pa Phayom District, Phatthalung Province, Thailand

This cross-sectional study investigated the risks of rubber tapping among rubber farmers in Pa Phayom District, Phatthalung Province, Thailand, utilizing the EART (Ergonomic Risk Assessment Tool for Rubber Tappers) and RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment) approaches. Purposive sampling was utilized to randomly choose 154 rubber farmers, aged 20 to 60 to serve as the sample group. They met the inclusion requirements of being in excellent health, being able to read and write Thai fluently, not having a history of back discomfort or injuries, and having at least a year of experience tapping rubber. The results showed that the mean RTL value was 415, SD = 182, while the mean RTI value was 1.77, SD = 1.35, with Min = 0.31 and Max = 8.64. The RULA analysis gave scores ranging from 2 to 7 as acceptable risk to high risk, suggesting that rubber farmers should improve their working posture or reduce factors that affect risk to ensure better health outcomes. It was discovered that the EART and RULA can be used as an assessment method to identify ergonomic risk problems in rubber tapping operation. It was suggested that the rubber tapping operation needs to be improved, re-evaluated, and implemented immediately.

Dampak Konversi Lahan Perkebunan Kelapa Lokal menjadi Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Syariah di Desa Kuala Keritang, Indragiri Hilir, Riau

This aims to reveal the Impact of Converting Local Coconut Plantation Land into Oil Palm Plantations in an Islamic Economic Perspective in Kuala Keritang Village, Kec. Keritang, Kab. Indragiri Hilir, Riau. This thesis uses a qualitative approach by collecting data through observation, interviews, and documentation. The background causes the rubber farmers to switch functions to become oil palm farmers in Kuala Kritang Village is that work as a local coconut farmer is carried out every day and requires difficult maintenance while the price is cheap so that the farmer's income is not enough to meet economic needs. While oil palm work is only once every two weeks, it is more expensive than rubber and is sufficient to meet daily needs. The impact on the welfare of the families of local coconut farmers after the conversion to oil palm farmers in Kuala Kritang Village has a positive impact on farmers, their income increases, work is lighter, there is an increase in assets owned, and families feel more prosperous. If viewed from Maqasid Syariah, the impact of converting local coconut plantation land to oil palm for the economy of the people in Kuala Keritang Village is in accordance with Islamic Sharia.

Influence Price, Production Rubber and Income on The Level of Welfare of Rubber Farmers in The Village Ranto Jior District River Right Regency Port Rock South

ABSTRACT This research aims to determine the impact of price, rubber production, and income on the welfare level of rubber farmers in Ranto Jior Village, Sungai Kana District, South Labuhan Batu Regency. Using a quantitative method with multiple linear regression analysis supported by SPSS version 23, data were collected through questionnaires. The study's population was the residents of Ranto Jior Village, with a sample size of 100 people selected using probability sampling based on the Lemeshow formula. The findings reveal that the welfare of rubber farmers is significantly and positively influenced by rubber prices, rubber production, and income. All three factors—price, rubber production, and income—together significantly influence the welfare of rubber farmers in Ranto Jior Village. The determination test shows that these factors account for 92.8% of the variance in welfare, indicating a very strong influence.

Rubber Farmers' Strategies to Face Unstable Market Trends (Case Study of Smallholder Rubber Farmers in North Sumatra)

Rubber Farmers' Strategies to Face Unstable Market Trends (Case Study of Smallholder Rubber Farmers in North Sumatra)

The Influence Of Rubber Prices On The Income Of Rubber Farmers In Payaraman West District Ogan Ilir District

This research aims to investigate the influence of rubber prices on economic activity and community welfare in Payaraman Barat Village, Ogan Ilir Regency. The study utilizes a data collection method through a Likert Scale questionnaire. The population in this research includes all rubber farmers, totaling 320 households. The sample is determined using Purposive Sampling technique with the Slovin formula, resulting in a sample size of 77 individuals for this study. Data analysis is conducted using classical assumption tests and simple linear regression analysis. From the research results, it was found that the t-value (2.310) is greater than the t-table value (0.2242), with a significance level of 0.024. Since the significance value of t (0.024) is less than 0.05, it can be concluded that rubber prices have a significant influence on the income of rubber farmers in Payaraman Barat Village, Ogan Ilir Regency.

Analysis of Common Movements and Discomforts among Rubber Farmers: Basis for Exercise Movements

The development of exercise movements based on the everyday movements of women rubber farmers and their bodily discomforts is examined in this qualitative study. It is specifically tailored to enhance the physical fitness and well-being of female farmers in the agricultural region of Naga, located in the province of Zamboanga Sibugay, Philippines. The muscles affected by the common movements of rubber tapping, which result in body pains and complaints, are investigated. It is found that the common movements of rubber farming are as follows: Unang Palagsik, Sanggot, Buhi-Sanggot, and Manawat. The results were collected and biomechanically analyzed with the help of a licensed physical therapist. It was concluded that the body parts mostly affected by rubber farming are the back, legs, neck, and arms. Exercise movements in the form of images and instructions were then formulated and assigned to each common movement, serving as the final output of this research study. The physical health and occupational well-being of women rubber farmers are expected to improve based on the study's findings, contributing to sustainable agricultural practices and community development initiatives.

Business model development for installation of rubber floor mats to support productivity in dairy farming

Purpose. Ribbed smoked sheet (RSS) rubber gradually loses its quality as it is stored after production. Rubber floor mats are recommended as a marketable upstream production in the Thailand rubber industry to help add economic value to low-graded RSS. However, limited attention in research has been paid to business development, particularly on practical models focusing on the demand perspectives. This study helped fill the knowledge gap by analysing factors influencing labour production in dairy farming and proposing a business model based on productivity analysis. The aim of the project was to create a practical business model for cattle rubber floor mats made of low-graded RSS rubber used for nourishing and housing management to promote labour productivity in dairy farming. Methodology / approach. The study used mixed-methods research. A theoretical framework was developed concerning rubber floor mats used in dairy farming, which helped improve the nourishing and housing management of dairy cattle and promote labour productivity. This research adopted Osterwalder’s business model canvas to examine the demand and supply elements of dairy cattle floor mats made of low-graded rubber. It also used the knowledge-based entrepreneurship concept to scrutinise knowledge-based business development. A questionnaire survey was used to collect data required for multiple regression analysis of labour productivity using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. It also used semi-structured interviews to scrutinise the subjective experiences of farmers. A focus group discussion was conducted to investigate academics and rubber promotional authorities concerning potential technology and the possibility of transfer of production technology to promote knowledge-based business development. Results. The empirical evidence presented in this paper confirmed that rubber floor mats could help enhance cattle nourishment, dairy housing management and labour productivity. Regional knowledge transfer network was revealed as a driver of knowledge-based development for assisting local upstream rubber farmers in pursuing eco-innovation in rubber production, aligning with the national initiatives of Industry 4.0 and Bio-Circular-Green economy (BCG) concepts. Originality / scientific novelty. The originality of this paper is that it presents the results of an empirical study using mixed methods for the first time aiming at clarifying practical elements of the supply and demand sides’ components of the Osterwalder`s Business Model Canvas for developing a business model delivered as a knowledge-based business model for the production of dairy cattle floor mats made of low-graded RSS rubber to help guide practical downstream rubber business development. The qualitative results, together with the quantitative analysis of labour productivity, are based on the perceptions of local farmers in Thailand regarding the use of rubber floor mats on the farm; previous studies scientifically prove its positive relation to an increase in dairy cattle nourishing, hence the daily productivity. Practical value / implications. The novel business model canvas could promote the practical cattle floor mats business development. University engagement and public support were included as the critical drivers in this knowledge-based business model. The model implementation could help encourage rubber farmers and smallholders in upstream rubber production to move towards downstream business development and become knowledge-based entrepreneurs in value-added rubber floor mats production. It could also guide the agricultural policymakers to benchmark and evaluate their policy targeting innovative knowledge-based business development for rubber extension.

The Impact of Rubber Price Fluctuations on Community Welfare and Consumption Patterns in Rengas 1 Village, Payaraman District, Ogan Ilir Regency from an Islamic Economic Perspective

This research aims to determine the impact of rubber price fluctuations on welfare and consumption patterns in Rengas 1 village, Payaraman subdistrict, Ogan Ilir district from an Islamic economic perspective. This includes prices, welfare and consumption according to an Islamic economic perspective. This type of research is field research with a qualitative descriptive approach. Types of research data: primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews, documentation. Data analysis techniques for data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Rubber farmer research respondents. The results of this research are that as a result of fluctuations in the price of rubber, people's income is unstable, so their interest in buying is reduced, they have difficulty continuing their children's education, they are in debt at the bank, as a result , the welfare of the people of Rengas 1 village cannot be met, so they cannot be said to be prosperous but are included in the pre-prosperous community group. . The welfare and consumption patterns of the people of Rengas 1 village are in accordance with Islamic law. The income obtained is used in accordance with Islamic law and is obtained through halal business and used in a halal way.

The impacts of crop diversity adoption on Rubber Farmers’ Welfare: evidence from Thailand

The impacts of crop diversity adoption on Rubber Farmers’ Welfare: evidence from Thailand

Comparative Analysis of the Use of Ant and Alum Freezers on the Income of Rubber Farmers in Lubuk Raja District, South OKU Regency

Comparative Analysis of the Use of Ant and Alum Freezers on the Income of Rubber Farmers in Lubuk Raja District, South OKU Regency

Analysis of Income and Level of Satisfaction of Farmer Groups with UPPB OKU Regency

OKU Regency is a significant smallholder rubber-producing region, covering an area of 72,010 hectares as of 2023. The presence of UPPB (joint processing and marketing units) in OKU Regency has greatly facilitated local rubber farmers' marketing of Bokar. UPPB plays a crucial role in enhancing the income of rubber farmers in the region. This study investigates farmer groups' income levels and satisfaction associated with UPPB in OKU Regency. The research employs a survey method with a simple random sampling technique. It involves 77 rubber farmers from a total of 350 UPPB members in OKU. Conducted in November 2023, the study focuses on Peninjauan District, the central hub of UPPB activities and the rubber auction market in OKU. Data analysis is performed using a quantitative descriptive method, applying an income equation to evaluate the income of rubber farmers participating in the UPPB.

Penerapan Metode Vikor dalam Pemilihan Bibit Unggul Pohon Karet

Rubber plant is one of the plantation commodities that has an important role in economic activities in Indonesia. The need for rubber seeds continues to increase in line with the increase in the area of ​​smallholder rubber plantations and the government. Quality seeds are a community need in developing rubber plantations in Indonesia from year to year. The first step to get good rubber seeds is that rubber farmers need to use quality rubber seed planting material and are able to produce high latex. Given the very importance of seeds in determining quality rubber repair. With a Decision Support System with the vikor method to build a system that has the ability to be able to assist farmers in choosing superior rubber tree seeds with a system that is able to provide problem solving skills and communication skills for problems with semi-structured and unstructured conditions. This study uses the vikor method because this method is suitable for use in most real-time problems such as making decisions to find quality rubber tree seeds so that this research can be useful for rubber tree farmers in improving the quality of superior seeds.

Rural Community Income from Rubber Farmers to Gold Miners in Nagari Padang Laweh, Koto VII Sijunjung District

Rural communities experienced a change in livelihood from rubber to gold mining. This results in disruption of income for the community. The focus of this research is to analyze the income of rural communities from rubber farmers to gold miners in Sijunjung. This research uses White's theory about livelihoods. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive research type. The data collection method begins with participant observation, in-depth interviews and document study. Data analysis uses Milles Hubermen, starting with data collection, data reduction and data presentation. The results of this research show that changes in livelihoods have an impact on the livelihoods of rural communities. These changes can be seen in economic life and lifestyle. In addition, the changes show an accumulation of additional gold mining vessels.

Intention to Transition: Natural Rubber Smallholders Navigating the Risks of Farming

This study delves into the decision-making dynamics of Indonesian rubber farmers amidst a significant agricultural transition from traditional rubber farming to diverse agricultural practices. Anchored in the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Protection Motivation Theory (PMT), this research elucidates the multifaceted interplay of the psychological, social, and environmental factors influencing these transitions. Utilizing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to analyze data from structured interviews and questionnaires, this study presents a nuanced understanding of how a higher awareness of the risks associated with rubber farming negatively impacts farmers’ attitudes, adherence to social norms, and perceived behavioral control. The findings reveal that while heightened risk understanding and threat appraisal motivate a shift towards alternative agricultural practices, factors like community norms and perceived behavioral control significantly deter this transition. This research contributes a novel integration of the TPB and PMT in the context of agricultural decision making, offering pivotal insights for stakeholders and policymakers aiming to foster sustainable agricultural practices and navigate the complex socio-economic landscape of Indonesia’s agricultural sector.

EFEKTIVITAS KOMUNIKASI OPINION LEADER PADA KELOMPOK TANI KARET DI KELURAHAN BATU BERSURAT KECAMATAN XIII KOTO KAMPAR KABUPATEN KAMPAR

Opinion leader is a person who becomes an opinion leader in a group/sub-group. Opinion leaders in farmer groups are indicated by the presence of individuals who have more number of communication relationships than the average number of communication relationship of other individuals in the communication network. Interpersonal communication is considered the most effective in an effort to change a person’s attitude, opinion, or behavior because of its dialogical nature in the form of conversation. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of opinion leader interpersonal communication on rubber farmers in Batu Bersurat village, XIII Koto Kampar District, Kampar Regency. This research was used is descriptive analysis. The samples in this study were taken from the Sungai Kulim farmer group and the Sungai Gulamo farmer group, namely as many as 20 samples of members of the Sungai Kulim farmer group and as 22 samples of members of the Sungai Gulamo farmer group with a total sample of 42 samples. The results showed that interpersonal communication between actors IW, YS and AU with independent rubber farmers in Batu Bersurat Village was effective. Communication between IW, YS and AU actors and farmers is very well established, this supported by an open attitude to each other, mutual respect (positive behavior) and mutual support (supportive) in the application of information related to rubber development. Actors IW, YS and AU as opinion leaders have empathy for independent rubber farmers in Batu Bersurat Village and feel there is no difference between them.