Rubavu District Research Articles

Family Socio-Economic Factors and Female Students’ Academic Achievements in Day Secondary Schools in Rwanda: A Case of Rubavu District

The research explored the impact of family socio-economic factors on the academic achievements of female students in day secondary schools in Rubavu District, Rwanda. The study aimed to identify the specific socio-economic factors affecting academic performance, assess the academic achievement levels, and analyze the relationship between these factors and student success. The study involved 243 respondents, including 150 students (both males and females),90 teachers, and 3 headteachers from Bugeshi, Busasamana, and Gisenyi Sectors. Data was collected through questionnaires for primary sources, while interviews and observations provided secondary data. Sampling methods included purposive, stratified, and simple random sampling. The research utilized both quantitative and qualitative methods, with IBM SPSS version 21.0 employed for data analysis. Descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (correlation and regression analysis) were used. Key findings include that 75.3% of respondents strongly agreed that parental education,83.9% noted parental income, and 79.6% mentioned peer groups as critical socio-economic factors influencing academic performance. For academic achievement,72% identified improved exam scores,81.7% highlighted active class participation, and 64.5% pointed to increased confidence and promotion to the next level. The study found no significant correlation between socio-economic factors and academic performance, as most results exceeded the 0.05 significance level. The research recommends that the Ministry of Education review teacher allocation, develop ICT curricula, strengthen adult literacy campaigns, and improve resource provision in day schools. Future research should further investigate socio-economic factors influencing academic outcomes.

The Impact of Shifting the Medium of Instruction on Academic Performance in Lower Primary Schools in Rubavu District, Rwanda

The Impact of Shifting the Medium of Instruction on Academic Performance in Lower Primary Schools in Rubavu District, Rwanda

The Impact of Code Switching and Code Mixing on Learning of English Language in Lower Secondary School level: A Case Study of Selected Schools in Rubavu District, Rwanda

English is the most widely spoken language in the world, making it essential for effective global communication. This is why individuals who aspire to thrive in today's global society must possess proficiency in English. This study focuses on how the use of code switching (CS) and code mixing (CM) affect the learning of the English language in G. S. Bisizi and G. S. Gikombe of Rubavu District in Rwanda. The study was conducted with the aim to: (1) identify reasons for code switching and code mixing in lower secondary schools; (2) assess the impact of CS and CM on students’ performance in learning English; and (3) establish strategies to adopt in order to avoid CS and CM in English language classrooms. It was conducted based on the matrix language frame and sequential theories. A descriptive research design was used. The researchers employed a mixed method for data collection, analysis, and presentation. Its total population is comprised of 726 individuals, including 716 students, 6 teachers, and 4 school leaders from both schools. The sample size is 85 respondents (75 students, 6 teachers, and 4 school leaders) got by use of simple random sampling (students) and purposive sampling techniques (teachers and school leaders). During the collection of primary data, questionnaires, interview guides, and observation checklists were used as convenient tools, while documentation was used in collecting secondary data. The findings indicated that the lack of vocabulary, emphasizing a particular topic while teaching and learning English, and the intention to clarify the speech content are the major reasons for using CS and CM. They also reveal that CS and CM contribute to students’ failure in learning English, as both create a lack of their confidence in speaking, limit students’ practice in speaking English, retard their ability to master English, and lead to a low understanding and mastery of English. In addition, the study revealed that teachers are the main source for CS and CM in their classes. Finally, this research recommends that school leaders and English language teachers should reinstate a policy of speaking English in the school premises and make an effective follow-up to ensure students do not violate it. Teachers should also act as role models in their language classes by avoiding CS and CM, whereas the decision makers in education should initiate a short-term professional program and special ways to avoid CS among teachers to help students effectively learn English language.

Evaluate the Economic Benefits of Investing in Early Warning System for Floods Management

This study evaluated the economic benefits of early Warning services for floods in Rubavu district, in Rwanda, focusing on gender distribution, awareness, satisfaction, and perceived economic advantages. Survey data from 180 respondents indicated high awareness among both genders, with generally satisfactory perceptions of existing systems. Economic benefits included job creation and business protection, with positive technological perceptions correlating with higher perceived benefits. Recommendations included funding allocation, collaboration, research, and community engagement to enhance system effectiveness. The research aimed to assess the economic advantages of investing in flood early warning systems in Rubavu District, proposing strategies for funding alongside climate change adaptation. It marked the first empirical investigation into the correlation between investment, flood-related losses, and socio-economic development across various economies. Methodological instruments such as questionnaires, interviews, GIS, remote sensing, and statistical analysis were employed. The study found a positive relationship between investment and flood- related losses, supported by a statistically significant p- value of 0.0379. This indicates ample evidence for correlation between the variables. Thus, the study emphasized the importance of early notice systems in vindicating flood economic impressions and advocated for concerted efforts to maximize socio-economic benefits in Rubavu district.

Prevalence of Malaria among Children in urban area at Byahi Health Center, Rubavu District, Rwanda

Background: Malaria is one of the most public health and life-threatening parasitic infections caused by the protozoan parasite. Since children are immunologically naive to the malaria parasite, they are the main vulnerable groups to be affected by malaria. Aim: This study aimed at determining the prevalence of malaria among children in urban area at Byahi Health Center, Rubavu district. Methods: Cross-sectional study was used to achieve the objectives. To obtain the information regarding social demographic characteristics, written questionnaires in native language were distributed to caregivers. Blood smears were collected and sent to laboratory department for analysis. Data were analyzed using Statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS). Results: Among 50 children who participated in the study, the majority were males over females with 58% and 42% respectively. The prevalence of malaria among children in urban area was higher with 30%. Among the participants, children of age range 1-5 years shown a high prevalence of malaria than those of 5-8 months with 13 and 2 positive cases respectively and children of 1-5 years old was statistically significant with a p-value (p 0.027). Conclusion: After getting the results above, we have seen that children from urban area are affected by malaria with the overall prevalence of 30%. There is a need of improving and rechecking the existing malaria in children, prevention and control measures of the country. Byahi health center should create awareness about the importance early malaria checkup recommended reducing malaria infection. The parents are recommended to protect their children and district leaders should make researcher in others school. It must be reported to Ministry of Health that malaria infection mostly affects children. Keywords: Malaria parasite, children, blood smear, Plasmodium

Effect of Project Team Management Practices on Project Performance: A Case of the National Union of Disabilities’ Organizations of Rwanda Project Implemented in Rubavu District, Rwanda by University of Rwanda - College of Agriculture, Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine

The main objective of this study was to assess the influence of team acquisition, training & development and motivation on project performance, encompassing scope management, cost control, timeliness, quality of deliverables, and stakeholder satisfaction. Effective management of project teams is pivotal in determining project success. This research endeavors to examine the correlation between project team management practices and project performance within the framework of the National Union of Disabilities’ Organizations of Rwanda (NUDOR) project implemented by University of Rwanda - College of Agriculture, Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine (UR-CAVM) in Rubavu District from 2020 to 2022. By employing a mixed-methods approach, the research incorporated quantitative data derived from questionnaires and qualitative. The anticipated findings seek to illuminate the efficacy of team acquisition processes, underscore the importance of team training and development in enhancing project performance, and elucidate the role of team motivation in attaining project objectives. Furthermore, the research aims to uncover how these team management practices influence effective project scope management, strategies for cost control, adherence to project timelines, delivery quality, and stakeholder satisfaction. Strong positive correlations are observed between various team management factors and project performance. Specifically, the findings reveal that team acquisition, team training and development, and team motivation exhibit significant coefficients of β1: 0.302 (p: 0.000), β2: 0.123 (p: 0.046), and β3: 0.546 (p: 0.000) respectively. All these coefficients are statistically significant, as indicated by their associated Sig. values below 0.05. NUDOR project team should keep enhancing recruitment and selection process, invest in training and development, foster motivation strategies and conduct regular performance evaluation to ensure that individuals with the right skills, experience, and cultural fit are brought on board and their performance sustained.

Impact of flood disaster on livelihood of farmers in Rwanda: A case study of Rubavu district (2010-2022)

This research investigates the impact of flood disasters on farmers' livelihoods in Rwanda, specifically focusing on Rubavu district. This research employed descriptive and correlational analysis research designs, the study involved 4120 participants, including administrative officials and farmers. The objectives were to assess flood occurrences in Rubavu district from 2010 to 2022, evaluate farmers' livelihoods in selected sectors during this period, and determine the significant relationship between environmental disaster management and farmers' livelihoods. The study revealed substantial flood occurrences in Rubavu district over the specified period, with a high R Square value of 0.755. This suggests that 75.5% of the variance in farmers' livelihoods can be attributed to flood events. The statistical significance of this relationship was confirmed by the F-statistic (F = 277.344, p < 0.001). Farmers' livelihoods were significantly affected by flood disasters, particularly with the standardized coefficient (Beta) for "Crop wash away" being 0.430, and a highly significant p-value (p < 0.001), highlighting the substantial impact of crop losses due to flooding on farmers' economic well-being. This research underscores the urgent need for comprehensive flood disaster management strategies in Rubavu district. Recommendations include strengthening early warning systems, conducting comprehensive flood risk assessments, and implementing monitoring programs to identify vulnerable areas. These insights contribute to the academic discourse on disaster management, risk reduction, and resilience-building, aiming to inform policies and interventions that protect vulnerable communities' economic well-being in the face of environmental challenges.

Techniques Used by Primary Teachers when Using English as Medium of Instruction in Rubavu District, Rwanda

Rwanda is an endoglossic country where Kinyarwanda is the first language and mother tongue of Rwandans. Since English was implemented as Medium of instruction (MoI), most teachers with Kinyarwanda and French background get challenges due to teaching in a new language. They had a lower level of proficiency in English and shortage of teaching resources. This study aimed at investigating techniques used by Primary teachers when teaching in English as MoI and its impacts on learners’ academic performance of many other subjects which are taught through English. The study was conducted in Rubavu District, Rwanda. The entire target population was 300 people comprised of teachers and head teachers. The researchers sampled 62 persons. Purposive sampling technique was used to sample 10 primary schools according to their geographical location and 10 head teachers respectively. The selection of teachers used stratified sampling technique for 52 teachers, where two strata were considered namely new teachers and more experienced teachers. In data collection, the researchers used questionnaire for teachers and interview guide for head teachers. Both descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used when analyzing the findings. The key findings of 100% (52) showed that they used teaching aids and oral activities. 13.4% (7) of the respondents strongly disagreed that use of code switching for teachers facilitate them as speakers to change linguistic code that maintain or destroy interpersonal relationships when teachers teach in English. Amongst techniques used by primary teachers were, stories in English, English songs, games, code switching, role play and use of charts, pictures and books as teaching aids. However, the teachers did not use poem recitation, impromptu speech, classroom presentations and group discussions when teaching their subjects in English. The study concluded that teaching techniques are still paramount to facilitate both teacher and learner’s betterment of the academic performance in all subjects that are taught in English as MoI. The researchers drew some recommendations to different educational stakeholders such as policy makers including government, ministry of education and many other Educational stakeholders to intensify the in service-trainings on English proficiency to the teachers as their second language with aim of empowering them to be familiar with English and interact with pupils in English through role plays and dialogues. The policy makers have to offer teachers different facilities including teaching aids and other resources to support them when teaching in English as a MoI.

THE EFFECT OF EDUCATIONAL PROJECT ON LEARNERS LEARNING OUTCOME IN TWELVE YEARS BASIC EDUCATION SCHOOLS: A CASE OF SCHOOL FEEDING PROGRAM AS IMPLEMENTED IN RUBAVU DISTRICT, RWANDA

The purpose of this study is to help students, parents, secondary teachers, school’s kitchen managers and Head teachers to master the methods and their role in encouraging learners to take lunch at school; especially improve student’s learning outcomes in twelve years’ basic education. The objectives are to assess the influence of food ratios and the timing of the meals on learning outcomes in Twelve Years basic education schools of Rubavu district, to assess the influence of food quality on learning outcomes in twelve years basic education schools of Rubavu district and. The study employed a descriptive research design Questionnaires to enable the researcher to bring out the details of the exact situation on the ground. This study was being done at 4 twelve years basic education located in the Rubavu district targeting 2112 students. Therefore, 336 respondents were the target population of this study and the composition of the participants. To validate and ensure reliability of the questionnaire, a test retest was conducted in a space of two weeks between the test’s correlation coefficient using SPSS version 22.0 (V. 22.0) was established and after which necessary adjustments on the content and its reliability was ensured before the main study. In this way, sampling technique was a simple purposive sampling technique was employed in this study, where every participant was given an equal and independent chance to participate. Recommendations of the study were: Government has to mobilize more stakeholders or non-government organization to orient their funds in the implementation of school feeding program, Parents must participate in school feeding program rather than thinking that this program should only be sponsored by government, Government has to develop continuous professional development that are related to the effective implementation of school feeding program and Government should make monitoring and evaluation of school feeding program because some of the school do not put more effort in its implementation.

The Effect of Educational Project on Learners Learning Outcome in Twelve Years Basic Education Schools: A Case of School Feeding Program as Implemented in Rubavu District, Rwanda

The Effect of Educational Project on Learners Learning Outcome in Twelve Years Basic Education Schools: A Case of School Feeding Program as Implemented in Rubavu District, Rwanda

Influence of Nurturing Creativity in Education on Student’s Academic Performance in Selected Private Nursery and Primary Schools in Rwanda: A Case of Rubavu District

Influence of Nurturing Creativity in Education on Student’s Academic Performance in Selected Private Nursery and Primary Schools in Rwanda: A Case of Rubavu District

Socio-Economic Factors and Patient’s Depression at Gisenyi District Hospital in Rubavu District, Western Province – Rwanda

Socio-Economic Factors and Patient’s Depression at Gisenyi District Hospital in Rubavu District, Western Province – Rwanda

Effect of Project Planning Practices on Project Performance: A Case of Baho Neza Project Implemented By Vision Jeunesse Nouvelle in Rubavu District, Rwanda

Effect of Project Planning Practices on Project Performance: A Case of Baho Neza Project Implemented By Vision Jeunesse Nouvelle in Rubavu District, Rwanda

Evaluation of yield decrease in common beans due to anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) below sub-temperate environment of Northwestern of Rwanda

The research was conducted in the year of 2021-2022 in Burera and Musanze District in Northern province as well as Rubavu District in Western Province with the aim of assessing the yield loss in common beans due to anthracnose by using four cultivars with various levels of resistance in field conditions in environment of Northwestern of Rwanda. Randomized complete block design as experiment design was used in this study where each selected cultivar was grown and the yield loss caused by anthracnose was assessed. A level of significance of P<0.05 . In field trials, on the particularly susceptible cultivar Gikundiro 2 particulary showed the maximum harm in terms of incidence and severity in both infection circumstances. The severity of pod infection ranging from 3-9 (0-) resulted in reduction in quantity of seeds which contain a pod ranging from 10.52 % -57.76 % and the loss in weight of seeds per pods ranging from 21.93 % - 68.77 %, both demonstrated a direct impact on seed yield. However, determinate cultivars showed a greater drop in yield (58.5%) than indeterminate cultivars (10.52%) although both were sensitive, based on this research, anthracnose causes economic yield loss on variety Gikundiro 2 and Vuzimpundu.

Effects of Teacher’s Qualifications on Students’ Academic Performance in Mathematics Subject in Public Boarding Secondary Schools in Rwanda. A Case of Rubavu District

This research focused on examining the influence of teacher qualifications on students’ academic performance in mathematics at public boarding secondary schools in Rwanda’s Rubavu District. It aimed to identify which teacher qualifications in mathematics impact students’ math performance, analyze how teacher qualifications affect math performance, and investigate the connection between teacher qualifications and student performance in mathematics. The study used a descriptive and correlational design with a mixed approach of qualitative and quantitative approaches to examine the impact of teacher qualifications on students’ academic performance in mathematics subject in public boarding secondary schools in Rwanda, a case of Rubavu District. The target population included 343 respondents, including 225 mathematics teachers and 118 mathematics leaders. The researcher determined the sample size of 185 respondents using Yamane formula. Respondents were selected using a purposive sampling technique using questionnaires and documentary research techniques as data collection tools and taking into account pilot studies. The results were analyzed using SPSS version 21 and interpretations were made based on the results reported by the respondents. Key findings showed that independence in learning, exam and test results, homework completion, and class participation were positively associated with students’ performance in mathematics. Moreover, teacher qualifications were significantly related to various research variables, such as mastery of math content, classroom management, use of ICT skills, and education level. These factors collectively had a positive influence on students’ academic performance in mathematics. The study’s recommendations include providing training for mathematics teachers to enhance their qualifications, improving the mathematics curriculum, increasing the availability of learning materials, and conducting further research on teaching methodologies and student perceptions of math education.

Impact of Informal Cross Border Trade on Livelihoods: A Case of Rubavu District

Informal Cross-Border Trade (ICBT) constitutes a major form of informal activity in most developing countries and plays a significant role in changing the livelihood of people and alleviating poverty. Nevertheless, the sector has not been accommodated within the city and national policies, it provides employment opportunities as a means of income generation for the urban poor, especially for those who migrate from the rural areas. It also provides to consumers convenient and accessible retail options and forms a vital part of the social and economic life of a city. The study entitled “Impact of Informal Cross Border Trade on Livelihoods; a case of Rubavu District” was guided the following specific objectives: to analyze the informal cross-border trade at Rubavu border between Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo; to assess the prominence of livelihoods of informal traders in Rubavu District; to find out the relationship between informal cross border trade and the level of livelihood of informal traders in Rubavu District. The study used descriptive and correlational research design. The sample size of the study was 188 informal traders. A questionnaire was used to collect data and finally the study used descriptive statistics and inferential statistics as method of data analysis. The findings revealed that 71.8% of respondents strongly agreed that rules and regulations on border play a major role in determining the growth of ICBT. 72.3% of respondents strongly agreed that there is high cost of registering small business. 62.2% of respondents strongly agreed that tax laws of Rwanda are well defined. About the trade of commodities, 52.7% of respondents strongly agreed that they buy and sell agriculture products from Rwanda to DRC. About market and marketing, 84% of respondents strongly agreed that the informal cross border product marketing is the way of refusing the Government taxes. 87.2% of respondents strongly agreed that their source of income saving increased over the last three years (after joining ICBT). The findings indicated that there is high positive significant linear relationship between taxation policy and livelihood improvement in Rubavu District at r = 0.723 ** ; p-value =0.000 < 0.01. The findings indicated that there is moderate positive significant linear relationship between trade commodities and livelihood improvement in Rubavu District at r = 0.635 ** ; p-value =0.001 < 0.01. Based on the findings, the study concluded that there is positive effect on ICBT towards livelihoods of informal cross border traders in Rubavu District where the variation in livelihoods of its beneficiaries was related to changes in policy and legal framework, taxation policy, trade commodities and marketing strategies. The research recommended that Rwandan government should educate the business community about different tax rates, mode of payment because some informal traders do not know those rates and the mode of assessment. Key concepts: Informal cross border trade, livelihood, improvement. DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/14-22-08 Publication date: November 30 th 2022

COMMUNITY ORIENTED POLICING AND PREVENTION OF TRANSNATIONAL CRIMES IN RWANDA: A CASE OF RUBAVU DISTRICT

The research project was conducted in Rubavu District under the topic of assessment of community oriented policing and homeland security in Rwanda, case study of Rubavu District. The general objectives the contribution of community oriented policing strategies on home Land security in Rubavu District. Specifically, the researcher assessed the to establish the contribution of community partnership on home land security in Rubavu District, to assess the contribution of training on home land security in Rubavu District and to find out the relationship between Decentralize decision making and home land security in Rubavu District. The research project employed a descriptive research design with a mixed approach including qualitative and quantitative with respondents of 100 participants. The analysis was done with IBM SPSS version 21.0. The questionnaire was the primary method of data collection. The results were presented in Tables. The findings demonstrated that males dominated the socio-demographic of respondents from Rubavu District; about age, the majority was in the range of adult’s persons between 36-65 years dominated the age, the majority of respondents was married. About education level of respondents, the majority of respondent has finished secondary school (A2) and. regarding the occupation, the majority is public servants. Regarding community partnership on homeland security in Rubavu District, the findings shown that there is effective collaboration with community night patrol to fight crimes (41%). The communities work with community security committee for problem solving (45%). The citizens of Rubavu District provide willingly, timely information to community security (39%). Furthermore, the population of Rubavu District willingly contributes to ensure homeland safety services in partnership with the private security companies (47%). Regarding community training on home land security in Rubavu, the findings indicated that community security committee willingly contributes to solve problem of security due to the training given (43%) to contribute on homeland security in Rubavu district. Particular training on community policing contribute to prevention of crimes and problem solving (41%), The officers willingly provide the training on engagement of community problem solving (49%) that training contribute to homeland security in Rubavu District and Private security companies contribute in the training of communities on measures of crimes prevention (32%) that training contribute to homeland security in Rubavu District. Regarding relationship between decentralize decision making and home land security in Rubavu District, the findings indicated that District security committee willingly be flexible to make decision when community-policing committee decided (45%). The local community Security Council willingly made decision about community security and approved (37%). Furthermore, the local communities decision about crimes and miss behavior is approved by district security council (36%) and the local community security committee and private security companies reporting suspicious behaviour to district security council(37%). The model summary results indicated that the independent variables explained 85.2 percent of the variation in community oriented policing strategies on home Land security in Rubavu District, as measured by an adjusted R2 of 85.2 percent, while other variables outside the model and the error term explained 4.8 percent. The correlation results indicated that there is high significant correlation between community partnership and community training with Pearson correlation equal to 0.265±0.001. The same way there is a correlation between community partnership and decentralization (decentralize decision-making) (0.513±0.000). There is a positive correlation between community training and decentralize decision-making (0.431±0.000). The researcher found that there was the contribution of community oriented policing strategies on home Land security in Rubavu District. In additional, a research recommended to mobilize more the youth to be involved in Security Council committee. For more enhancing to the Vigilantes to be given basic training on conduct of their operations and information management. Moreover, the local authorities should do the needful and sensitize the people on the need for homeland security if they are to participate in it fully.

Project planning and project implementation success in Rwanda: A case of Sebeya Watershed Management Project, Rubavu District

Project planning and project implementation success in Rwanda: A case of Sebeya Watershed Management Project, Rubavu District

Environmental Conservation, A Factor for Promoting Tourism Industry in Rwanda: A Case Study of Rubavu District.

This study sought to examine the contribution of environmental conservation in promoting the tourism industry in Rwanda, the Case study of the Rubavu District using a mixed research design of quantitative and qualitative techniques. The study established that environmental conservation increases the number of tourists that would be hosted in the area; encourages repeat visits of tourists; increases the satisfaction of tourists and attracts new tourists and retains existing ones in the area. However, it experiences some challenges that include, air and water pollution, availability of different rubbish, population growth, and deforestation. These become constraints to environmental conservation and the tourism industry development in Rubavu District. On the other hand, taking preventive measures against air and water pollution, limiting overpopulation, avoiding deforestation and minimizing rubbish have worked to mitigate against the challenges. The study concludes that environmental conservation has played a vital role in promoting the tourism industry in Rwanda. The study recommends that the government of Rwanda in collaboration with the administration of Rubavu District should minimize rubbish by deploying responsible rubbish disposal methods and providing rubbish bins near roads. This will promote cleaner spaces with less environmental stress

Understanding the effect of domestic violence on learning effectiveness among primary school learners: A case of Rubavu District [Rwanda

Family has long been said to have an influence on children’s education. Thus, it can be understood that any difficult domestic situation may have repercussions on children’s education. This study was undertaken to examine the effect of domestic violence on learning effectiveness among primary school learners in Rubavu District, Rwanda. It was carried out in 35 primary schools located in the district. This study adopted the correlational research design; its population comprised 14423 primary school learners, from whom a sample of 390 participants was chosen using stratified random sampling. The data was collected by means of a structured questionnaire with five-point Likert scales. The data was analysed using descriptive statistics including frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation, and inferential statistics including analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression analysis. The findings revealed that domestic violence perpetrated against parents has a significant effect on learning effectiveness among primary school learners (= 0.676, p-value 0.05) in Rubavu district. It was also found that domestic violence perpetrated against learners has a significant effect on learning effectiveness among primary school learners (= 1.024, p-value 0.05) in Rubavu district. Although the Government of Rwanda has taken serious measures to fight domestic violence, the study found that there are a few families in which this offence is still perpetrated. Therefore, the study recommended that there should be collaboration between local leaders, police, school managers and the affected children to apprehend and punish the perpetrators. It was also recommended that each primary school should hire a counsellor to help the affected learners. Each school should also accord special support to the affected students to enable them to succeed in their studies. The findings of this study imply that domestic violence has a detrimental effect on children’s education and that more effort should be made to get rid of this danger among Rwandan families. This study was conducted during the period of fighting the Covid-19 pandemic, therefore data collection was difficult; there were restrictions to moving from one district to another.