Rst Version Research Articles

О структуре философского учения Эпикура

The a rticle discusses three versions of the question of the structure of Epicurus’ philosophy. According to the fi rst version, Epicurus’ philosophical teaching consists of three parts: physics, ethics and canonics. An established tradition in the history of philosophy speaks in favor of this version. An important role in the formation of this tradition was played by such authors as Cicero, Seneca, Sextus Empiricus, Diogenes Laertius. According to the second version, Epicurus’ philosophical teaching is limited to two parts: physics and ethics. The Canonics is not considered as a separate section. It is part of physics. The basis for this version is the emphasis in the texts of Epicurus on two teachings: about nature and lifestyle. The two-part structure of epicureanism is also reported by some late Antique authors. According to the third version, the philosophical teaching of Epicurus does not have a strict division into separate parts. First of all, this is evidenced by the lack of clear statements of Epicurus about the structure of his teaching. It also follows from the texts of Epicurus that he adheres to a holistic view of philosophy, in which there is no special need to divide it into separate parts. In addition, works are attributed to Epicurus, the classifi cation of which is not reported. This may indicate a weak elaboration by Epicurus of the question of the structure of philosophical teaching. It was found that Epicurus does not share Plato’s and Aristotle’s representations about the classifi cation of sciences. Epicurus contrasts the representation of the division of sciences into theoretical, practical and productive with the opinion of the division of sciences into useful – contributing to the acquisition of serenity and useless – not contributing to the achievement of this goal. Epicurus’ disagreement with academics and peripatetics on this issue contributes to the assumption that Epicurus does not share other representations of his opponents, including the three-part structure of philosophy.

Русские персонажи в творчестве Рамона дель Валье-Инклана

In 1929 and 1932, Valle-Inclán published two versions of a fragment from his novel Advantage of Swords. A Russian character is at the center of the plot: the narrative revolves around him, his appearance and personality are described in detail, he talks a lots and delivers speeches, while his name goes through a change. He is called Petr Kropotkin in the fi rst version and Mikhail Bakunin in the second one. The writer wanted to describe a Russian revolutionary, an anarchist, well-known in Spain — and for him it hardly mattered which one he would take: both persons were equally suitable for the role.

Revised and Updated Catalogue of the First Byurakan Survey Late-Type Stars. 2nd Edition

Eighteen lists of late-type stars (LTSs) have been published between 1990 and 2016. These LTSs have been found in the low-dispersion spectroscopic plates of the First Byurakan Survey (FBS). The systematic search and selection was carried out on a surface _16000 deg2 on almost the whole area of the FBS. As a result, \Revised And Updated Catalogue Of The First Byurakan Survey Of Late-Type Stars" was generated (LTSs, _rst version). Since 2007, all FBS low-resolution spectral plates are digitized, and Digitized First Byurakan Survey (DFBS) database and second catalog of objects has been assembled. All DFBS spectral plates are analysed with the help of standard image analysis softwares (FITSView and SAO Image ds9) and numerous of comparatively faint LTSs were discovered. We present the 2nd version of the FBS catalogue of LTSs with new data. We have made cross-correlation with the Digitized First Byurakan Survey (DFBS), the United State Naval Observatory-B1.0 Catalogue, the Two Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS), the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer (new version-ALLWISE) catalogue, the Infrared Astronomical Satellite Point Source Catalogue/Faint Source Catalogue, the AKARI catalogue, the ROSAT Bright Source Catalogue/Faint Source Catalogue, the General Catalogue of Variable Stars, Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) photometric catalogue. We have added updated IMBAD data for the objects. For numerous of the new detected objects we present accurate Digitized Sky Survey 2 positions, approximate spectral subtypes refined from the DFBS low-dispersion spectra, luminosity classes estimated from 2MASS colours, and available proper motions for 1471 FBS LTSs. 2nd Version of the Revised and Updated Catalogue lists a large number of completely new objects, which promise to extend very significantly the census of M giants, faint N-type Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) carbon stars, CH {type carbon giants at high Galactic latitudes, also M dwarfs in the vicinity of the Sun up to 16.0-17.0 mag. in visual. We present also some important data from the Gaia DR2 data base for FBS LTSs. Some supplementary spectra obtained with the Byurakan Observatory 2.6 m telescope and LAMOST telescope are shown.

A Competitive Idea-Based Growth Model with Shrinking Workerss Income Share

In this paper we present a model in which endogenous growth arises in competitive markets. Knowledge is described as a labor-augmenting factor used directly in the …nal goods’production. Firms demand both basic non-rival knowledge contents, which are supplied jointly and inelastically with raw labor, and further contents supplied by patent holders. This fact, together with Lindahl prices for knowledge, allows competition to work, while it also implies that workers’income share declines overtime. In a …rst version of the model with constant cost of knowledge production the …rst best is attained. In further versions of the model, in which the cost of knowledge production is allowed to change over time and externalities arise, in a decentralized economy a second best equilibrium occurs in the transitional period, while in the long run there is convergence to e¢ ciency.

Development and psychometric properties of a novel depression measure

Abstract The Filgueiras Depression Inventory is proposed as a new instrument, created speci fi cally for the Brazi-lian culture, for screening of Major Depressive Episodes according to the categories of the DSM-V. Two studies were conducted for this purpose. Study’s 1 sample consisted of 326 undergraduate psychology students. Single words or expressions were asked to represent overall depressive symptoms. The most cited formed the fi rst version of the Filgueiras Depression Inventory. Study 2 reported the psychome-tric properties of this new scale. The sample consisted of 471 volunteers recruited on the Internet and 238 volunteers undergraduate students. Factor analyses, convergent and discriminant validity and other Classical Test Theory indices revealed results consistent to expectations in the present study. Andrich’s Rating Scale Modeling was used as an Item Response Theory method of analysis. The overall psycho-metric properties of the Filgueiras Depression Inventory were shown to be good, and this study supports the effectiveness of this scale as a new instrument that measures depressive episodes in the Brazil.

Analytical Criterion for Aircraft Spin Susceptibility

from the point of view of bifurcation theory. Two versions of an analytical criterion for predicting spin susceptibility are derived and their use is described. The rst version requires plotting the zero crossings of a simple algebraic equation in angle of attack, while the second involves plotting the locus of zeros of a single algebraic equation in two variables (angle of attack and yaw rate) { both equally quick and easy to use. Both versions of the criterion are tested with data for the F-18 HARV aircraft and they show an excellent match with spin prediction from exact numerical computations.

Performance of a Fibre-Optic Sensor for Monitoring Cracks of Concrete, Masonry and Bituminous Elements

Advances in emerging fi bre-optic sensing technology have contributed to the recent development of innovative systems for monitoring the health of civil engineering structures. The main reasons for this development are the reduced weight and dimensions of fi bre-optic sensors, their strong immunity to electromagnetic interference, their improved environmental resistance and their scale fl exibility for small-gauge and long-gauge measurements. In companion papers, an overview of the challenges related to the design and mechanical characterization of a novel fi bre-optic plate sensor for crack monitoring was explained and discussed. The proposed sensor does not require prior knowledge of the locations of cracks, which is a signifi cant advancement over existing crack-monitoring techniques. Moreover, several cracks can be detected, located and monitored using a single fi bre. In this paper, we will fi rst present the results of calibration tests on the crack sensor, which aim at determining the relationship between optical intensity loss and crack opening under static conditions. Then, the performance of the sensors with respect to the detection and monitoring of internal and external fl exural cracks in concrete, masonry and bituminous elements is assessed. Two versions of the sensor were examined. The fi rst version was externally attached to fi bre-reinforced concrete beams and reinforced masonry slabs; the second version was embedded into fi bre-reinforced concrete beams and bituminous slabs. The results presented in this paper demonstrate the viability of implementing the attached and the embedded plate sensors to detect the formation and propagation of internal and external cracks and to measure the crack opening width in a wide range of applications.

Advancement of Scramjet Magnetohydrodynamic Concept

A comparative thermodynamic analysis of several schemes of scramjets was performed. A conventional scheme and two alternative versions were considered. These versions differ by incorporation of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) devices into the propulsion-system e ow train. The e rst version relates to the earlier-developed AJAX concept, and asecondoneisaconceptmodie cation thatrepresents acombination ofMHDgeneratorwith downstream part of combustor. The cycles under study were composed of elementary thermodynamic processes. In numerical modeling of these processes, real air properties were used because of wide range of thermodynamic parameters variation. Engineering limitations on the maximum allowable values of statictemperature in thee ow train and velocity in the combustor were introduced. It was determined that under e ight conditions chosen for the analysis the conventional design ofthescramjet doesnotmeetthelimitations. Appropriateworking regimesmay beprovided in theAJAXconcept, butin thatcasedissipation lossesincreasesignie cantlyandthepropulsionsystem specie cthrust isreduced.Amodie cationoftheAJAXconceptwiththecombustion heatbypassingfrom combustorinto thenozzle allows obtaining high integral parameters of the cycle with compliance within imposed engineering constraints.

A ROSAT PSPC X-ray survey of the Small Magellanic Cloud

Wepresenttheresultsofasystematicsearchfor point-like and moderately extended soft (0:1 2: 4k eV) X-ray sources in a raster of nine pointings covering a eld of 8:95 deg 2 and performed with the ROSAT PSPC between October 1991 and October 1993 in the direc- tion of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). We detect 248 objects which we include in the rst version of our SMC catalogue of soft X-ray sources. We set up seven source classes dened by selections in the count rate, hardness ratio and source extent. We nd ve high luminosity super-soft sources (1E 0035:4 7230, 1E 0056:8 7146,RX J0048:4 7332,RX J0058:6 7146 and RX J0103 7254), one low-luminosity super-soft source RX J0059:6 7138 correlating with the planetary nebula L357, 51 candidate hard X-ray binaries including eight bright hard X-ray binary candidates, 19 supernova remnants (SNRs), 19 candidate foreground stars and 53 candidatebackgroundactivegalacticnuclei(andquasars). We give a likely classicationfor60% of the catalogued sources. The total count rate of the detected point-like andmoderatelyextendedsourcesinourcatalogueis6.9 0.3 s 1 , comparable to the background subtracted total rate from the integratedeld of6:10:1s 1 .

Affine laminations and their stretch factors

A lamination L embedded in a manifold M is an ane lamination if its lift L to the universal cover ~ M of M is a measured lamination and each covering translation multiplies the measure by a given by a homomorphism, called the stretch homomorphism, from 1(M) to the positive real numbers. There is a method for analyzing precisely the set of ane laminations carried by a given branched manifold B embedded in M. The notion of the \stretch factor of an ane lamination is a generalization of the notion of the stretch of a pseudo-Anosov map. The same method that serves to analyze the ane laminations carried by B also allows calculation of stretch factors. Ane laminations occur commonly as essential 2-dimensional laminations in 3-manifolds. We shall describe some examples. In particular, we describe ane essential laminations which represent classes in real 2-dimensional homology with twisted coecients. The rst version of this paper was written in 1988, at about the same time as the paper [HO1], which is a study of spaces of ane laminations in surfaces. Since then, there has been a renewed interest in ane laminations, see for example [L] and [Ca]. The current version includes a new section on ane 2-laminations in 3-manifolds. These arise, for example, as realizations of classes in the real homology with twisted coecients of a 3-manifold. More general constructions show that ane essential laminations are, in some sense, abundant in 3-manifolds, see [GO] for background on essential laminations.