Rounds Of Feedback Research Articles

Cultural adaptation of an internet-based self-help app for grieving Syrian refugees in Switzerland.

Loss and grief pose significant challenges for victims of armed conflicts, such as Syrian refugees. Internet-based interventions (IBIs) present a promising solution to address this treatment gap and provide adequate support. However, research on grief, grief support, and IBIs remain largely limited to Western cultural contexts, and culturally adapted IBIs for grief are needed. Following the Reporting Cultural Adaptation in Psychological Trials (RECAPT) framework, this study aimed to develop and further adapt a culturally sensitive IBI for bereaved Syrian refugees in Switzerland. The study employed qualitative methods. Initially, formative research was conducted to create a first version of the intervention, including semi-structured interviews with 10 experts to identify necessary cultural adaptations. The preliminary version of the intervention was then presented to six potential users and three experts to gather feedback on additional cultural adaptations through two iterative feedback rounds. The first round involved semi-structured interviews using a "paper version" of the intervention, followed by a second round with a walk-through think-aloud protocol with a beta version. Data were analyzed using framework analysis. The input from various key informants at different stages of development provided valuable feedback on surface and deep structure adaptation, which may enhance treatment adherence, acceptance, and motivation. These findings provide important insights and recommendations for the cultural adaptation of interventions and may help address the treatment gap for bereaved Syrian refugees.

Training physicians in motivational communication: An integrated knowledge transfer study protocol.

While behavior change counseling (BCC) targeting health risk behaviors has shown efficacy for improving patient health outcomes, barriers to knowledge translation have resulted in poor uptake among health care providers (HCPs). This article outlines the development of a new BCC training framework for HCPs, from inception to readiness for efficacy testing. It provides an example of integrated knowledge translation (iKT) used in alignment with the obesity-related behavioral intervention trials model. (a) A modified Delphi process identified essential BCC skills for HCPs; (b) a survey assessed HCP attitudes and training needs; (c) an online competency assessment tool was developed using iKT mixed methods; (d) a training program was developed and refined using a logic model; and (e) the program was optimized using iterative rounds of participant feedback. A future proof-of-concept trial (f) will determine the program's readiness for full efficacy testing. A Delphi panel (n = 46) identified 11 core BCC competencies for HCPs, defining "motivational communication." The HCP survey (n = 80) showed willingness to devote 4 hr to introductory training in BCC. The Motivational Communication Competency Assessment Test (MC-CAT: an online, interactive evaluation tool) and a motivational communication training program (MOTIVATOR: accredited for continuing education by the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada) were collaboratively developed with knowledge users. The optimization process (n = 11) provided key feedback, with minor changes being made to the program. In developing a new BCC framework, obstacles to BCC implementation were addressed through an iterative iKT process. This should improve eventual intervention uptake. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Vaccination campaign implementation in Madagascar: a Dynamic Sustainability Framework approach

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for equitable and timely access to vaccination. Limited evidence is available on how to implement vaccination campaigns (VCs) that are sustainable and responsive to changes in real-world health policy and practice contexts. We present lessons learned from the implementation of a COVID-19 VC in the Boeny region of Madagascar. Methods Informed by the Dynamic Sustainability Framework, VC implementation was continuously reviewed during multisectoral stakeholder feedback rounds, key informant interviews, and problem-solving meetings to identify and put key adaptations throughout the campaign process into practice. Outcome indicators include pre- and post-VC vaccine hesitancy and trends in vaccine doses deployed were analyzed using generalized linear models. Results Key adaptations of the implementation strategy included community-led awareness-raising and outreach activities also in remote areas, strengthening VC through the training of 340 staff, and addressing gaps identified in the cold chain, waste management, vaccine transportation, and IT equipment. Overall, 24888 COVID-19 vaccines were administered in six months. Changes in campaign strategy increased the number of doses administered by 8% (RR = 1.08; CI 95%: 1.01; 1.15) per week. No changes in vaccine hesitancy post-VC were observed in an unvaccinated population(Δ = 0.02, CI 95%: -0.04; 0.08). Conclusions Collaborative and dynamic multi-sectoral VC strategies that combine healthcare-based approaches with pro-active outreach and community-led awareness-raising activities are essential in increasing vaccine uptake in limited-resource settings. Our findings show that despite boosting vaccination coverage, such initiatives may not have an impact on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy at the community level Key messages • Multisectoral stakeholder collaboration and engagement are key to successful vaccination campaign implementation. • A Dynamic Sustainability Framework approach can be effective in ensuring a continuous fit between campaign and its setting.

Online peer assessment in Galenic Pharmacy: enhancing evaluative judgement in higher education

ABSTRACT Assessment influences how students define their priorities and their commitment to the learning process. Assessment strategies can empower students to actively engage in metacognitive processes, fostering cross-curricular competencies. Mastery of these competencies not only enhances deep and meaningful learning but also prepares learners for the challenges of the ever-evolving knowledge field. However, developing evaluative judgement, the ability to critically and autonomously judge the quality of one’s own work and that of others, is essential but challenging. The purpose of this study was to design and assess an online educational experience for Galenic Pharmacy students (N = 339) during the 2021–2022 academic year of the Degree of Pharmacy. Beyond content acquisition, the primary goal was to foster evaluative judgement as a pivotal component of the ‘learning to learn’ competence. A complex task with iterative deliverables was proposed, using peer assessment as the central tool for the development of evaluative judgement. Students were required to give presentations on methods of administering medicines and had iterative deliverables. They underwent multiple rounds of peer feedback. The task as well as peer assessment process were compulsory for all the students. The participating students voluntarily answered an ad hoc online questionnaire in relation to their perception of the overall experience of peer assessment. The outcomes showcased the positive impacts of peer assessment based on the roles of assessor and assessed. An improvement in feedback quality was observed from one iteration to another, and an enhancement of critical judgement was evident. Enhancing assessment literacy might be essential for both educators and students. For educators, this would allow them to set criteria more aligned with competencies, whereas students might place higher value on these practices and actively engage with the learning process. Such engagement is crucial for promoting lifelong autonomous and self-regulated learning.

High-Risk Cannabis Use: A Proposal of an Operational Definition through Delphi Methodology for Scientific Consensus

Introduction: Cannabis ranks as one of the most widely used psychoactive substances worldwide. Its usage has been reported as a risk factor for developing a variety of physical and mental health issues, alongside social and economic problems. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), hazardous (or high-risk) substance use is defined as “a pattern of substance use that increases the risk of harmful consequences for the user.” The primary objective of this study was to achieve a consensus on an operational definition of high-risk cannabis use suitable for a European jurisdiction (Spain). Methods: A three round Delphi study was conducted. The Delphi technique entails group decision-making and iterative forecasting by consulting a panel of experts and conducting systematic feedback rounds. An online survey was distributed among a diverse expert panel comprising professionals from Spain working on fields related to cannabis use (research, policy planning, and clinical professionals). One-hundred ninety-nine invitations were sent to experts, of which forty-five (22.6%) accepted to participate. All participants were provided the option to revise a background document with the latest compiled scientific evidence and guidelines related to health and social conditions associated to cannabis usage. This background document also proposed the quantification of dose using a standardized unit established for the population of Spain (the Standard Joint Unit or SJU) based on quantity of cannabis main psychoactive constituent, 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (9-THC) (1 SJU = 1 joint = 0.25 g of cannabis = 7 mg of 9-THC). Three rounds of Likert scale and open-ended questions were administered until consensus, defined as ≥75% agreement, was attained. Results: Consensus was reached on defining high-risk cannabis use as the usage of more than 4 SJU (>28 mg THC) per week or any use of cannabis with potency >10% THC. Concurrent use of cannabis with other drugs was also considered high risk, while the smoked route was considered the riskiest administration route. It was also agreed that vulnerable groups for high-risk cannabis use (for whom any pattern of cannabis use represents high risk of harm) include individuals under the age of 21, pregnant or breastfeeding women, individuals with psychiatric history, those with medical health issues related to cannabis use, professional drivers and heavy machine operators. Conclusion: This operational definition of high-risk cannabis use for Spain elucidates usage patterns and individual vulnerability factors predictive of heightened harm. Its adoption holds potential to inform decision-making among individuals, professionals, and policy-makers, facilitating evidence-based interventions aimed at prevention and risk reduction.

Developing the Knowledge Translation and Impact Planner (KTIPs): a resource to enhance research translation and impact in health and rehabilitation.

Knowledge translation (KT) is an essential skill to assist health academics to better develop, disseminate, and implement research findings to improve health care quality and impact, but many academics lack knowledge and skills in this area. This study aimed to describe the KT-informed approach used to develop the Knowledge Translation and Impact Planner (KTIPs) to improve the quality of KT planning, and to examine the acceptability of the KTIPs. The process of developing the tool is described, including use of published literature, application of integrated KT, and consultation with end-users (n=18), including university academics, higher degree research (HDR) candidates, and experts in the KT field. The Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) framework was used to categorize strategies used during pilot implementation. The tool includes a comprehensive instructional guide and accompanying template that systematically takes researchers through each step of the KT process: synthesis, exchange, dissemination, and implementation, as well as guidance on planning for impact following effective KT. Academic staff and HDR candidate stakeholders, and comprehensive advice from experts shaped development of the tool. The tool went through three rounds of concurrent feedback with different end-users. End-users confirmed its acceptability, indicating the KTIPs was adaptable, comprehensive, instructional, and facilitated development of KT and impact plans addressing varied KT goals. The KTIPs was acceptable among academic staff and HDR candidates and facilitated the KT and impact planning process. The KTIPs is freely available and is designed to be navigated, completed, and saved electronically to facilitate implementation of developed plans. http://links.lww.com/IJEBH/A253.

Development of a Patient and Clinician Informed Website on Injection Drug Use Related Infective Endocarditis.

Few patient-facing educational materials and interventions exist for the prevention of injection drug use-related infective endocarditis (IDU-IE). We developed a patient and clinician-informed website for patients about IDU-IE to promote education and prevention strategies. This mixed-methods study integrated surveys and semi-structured interviews with patients and clinician to develop a patient website about IDU-IE. Patient participants included hospitalized adults with an opioid use disorder, history of injection drug use, and an injection drug use-related infection. Interprofessional healthcare clinicians including trainees participated. A baseline survey and semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients to understand knowledge of IDU-IE and preferences in educational materials content and format. Interviews were analyzed using rapid qualitative analysis. Results informed development of the patient website. Finally, patients and clinicians provided 2 rounds of survey feedback after reviewing the website, assessing the likelihood of using and recommending it to others, helpfulness of information in the website sections, and content satisfaction. Patient participants (n = 15) reported low baseline understanding of injection practice and risk of IDU-IE. After reviewing the website (n = 17), patients reported they were very likely to recommend the website as a reference for themselves (mean of 4.3; 4 = very likely) and for others (mean = 4.3). They found the following sections, on average, to be very helpful (4 = very helpful): complications from injection drug use (4.4), safer injection practice (4.4), and information about infective endocarditis (4.4). Patients on average were satisfied with the website content overall (4.8). Clinicians (n = 27) reported, on average, being very likely to recommend this website to a patient (4.4) and to use the website to counsel patients (4.1). A patient and clinician-informed website on IDU-IE is acceptable for patients and clinicians to use as a patient education resource to help prevent IDU-IE-related harms.

Bacttle: a microbiology educational board game for lay public and schools.

Inspired by the positive impact of serious games on science understanding and motivated by personal interests in scientific outreach, we developed "Bacttle," an easy-to-play microbiology board game with adaptive difficulty, targeting any player from 7 years old onward. Bacttle addresses both the lay public and teachers for use in classrooms as a way of introducing microbiology concepts. The layout of the game and its mechanism are the result of multiple rounds of trial, feedback, and re-design. The final version consists of a deck of cards, a 3D-printed board, and tokens (with a paper-based alternative), with all digital content open source. Players in Bacttle take on the character of a bacterial species. The aim for each species is to proliferate under the environmental conditions of the board and the interactions with the board and with other players, which vary as the play evolves. Players start with a given number of lives that will increase or decrease based on the traits they play for different environmental scenarios. Such bacterial traits come in the form of cards that can be deployed strategically. To assess the impact of the game on microbiological knowledge, we scored differences in the understanding of general concepts before and after playing the game. We assessed a total of 169 visitors at two different university open-day science fairs. Players were asked to fill out a brief survey before and after the game with questions targeting conceptual advances. Results show that Bacttle increases general microbiology knowledge on players as young as 5 years old and with the highest impact on those who have no a priori microbiology comprehension.

International Consensus Statements on Intraoperative Testing for Cochlear Implantation Surgery.

A wide variety of intraoperative tests are available in cochlear implantation. However, no consensus exists on which tests constitute the minimum necessary battery. We assembled an international panel of clinical experts to develop, refine, and vote upon a set of core consensus statements. A literature review was used to identify intraoperative tests currently used in the field and draft a set of provisional statements. For statement evaluation and refinement, we used a modified Delphi consensus panel structure. Multiple interactive rounds of voting, evaluation, and feedback were conducted to achieve convergence. Twenty-nine provisional statements were included in the original draft. In the first voting round, consensus was reached on 15 statements. Of the 14 statements that did not reach consensus, 12 were revised based on feedback provided by the expert practitioners, and 2 were eliminated. In the second voting round, 10 of the 12 revised statements reached a consensus. The two statements which did not achieve consensus were further revised and subjected to a third voting round. However, both statements failed to achieve consensus in the third round. In addition, during the final revision, one more statement was decided to be deleted due to overlap with another modified statement. A final core set of 24 consensus statements was generated, covering wide areas of intraoperative testing during CI surgery. These statements may provide utility as evidence-based guidelines to improve quality and achieve uniformity of surgical practice.

Patient-centered development and dissemination of MTCEducate.org, an online educational aid for patients with a rare cancer.

e13655 Background: Patients with rare cancers are subject to clinical vulnerability due to limited access to expert clinicians, equivocal treatment options, and a lack of accessible, reliable information. Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a rare cancer often characterized by an advanced, progressive, chronic disease state for which there is clinical equipoise in treatment decisions. In a previous needs assessment, we learned from MTC patients, their caregivers, and treating physicians about the desire for education at each disease stage and strategies to convey patients' priorities to clinicians. Here, we report the patient-centered development of a novel online educational resource and decision aid, MTCEducate.org, its dissemination, and an analysis of its usability and acceptability. Methods: Working with a stakeholder group of MTC patients, caregivers, and clinicians, we used our prior needs assessment results to guide development and refinement of MTCEducate.org, including storyboarding and iterative patient feedback. The finalized site was strategically promoted through patient support organizations, a patient-run Facebook group, the American Thyroid Association, multiple conferences, and a robust MTC Registry listserv. Site metrics were assessed via Google Analytics, and site usability and acceptability were evaluated via an online survey with Likert scale questions. Results: MTCEducate.org underwent 5 rounds of patient feedback with 11 patients total to achieve saturation and finalization. Over its first 9 months, the site had 1878 unique visitors; of these, 65% used a mobile device to visit the site, and 35% used a desktop computer or tablet. Visitors accessed the site most often via direct emails or newsletters (49%) and Facebook (49%). Seventy-one visitors fully completed the site usability and acceptability survey. Most respondents identified as women (76%) and as non-Hispanic White (91%). The majority were ≥45 years old (87%) and had an associate’s degree or higher (93%). Most were MTC patients or survivors (91.8%), and most responded correctly to MTC knowledge–based questions about tumor markers (96%), lymph node dissection (94%), and FDA-approved medications (71%). Most found the site easy to use (88%) and well-integrated (84%), and most could learn to use it quickly (86%) and confidently (81%). Conclusions: Patients, especially those with rare tumors, need trustworthy educational and decision aids that provide evidence-based, reliable information and support shared decision-making. Using a patient-centered approach, we created a product whose multipronged deployment reached a unique audience. The site’s visitors’ lack of racial and ethnic diversity as well as their advanced educational status underscores the need to understand preferred access, communication, and educational resources desired by underrepresented populations.

Development and validation of an assessment tool for adult simulated ultrasound-guided fascia iliaca block: a prospective monocentric study

BackgroundFascia iliaca block (FIB) is an effective technique for analgesia. While FIB using ultrasound is preferred, there is no current standardised training technique or assessment scale. We aimed to create...

Discussion on the Construction of SWPU Smart Library Evaluation Indicator System

With the rapid development of information technology, especially the wide application of artificial intelligence, big data and cloud computing and other technologies, the management mode of libraries is also undergoing a profound change. From the traditional management mode based on paper books, it is gradually transformed into a smart library mode characterized by digitization and intelligence. In this context, the construction of SWPU smart library has become an important issue. In order to ensure that the construction of SWPU smart library can keep pace with the times and meet the needs of teachers and students, this paper adopts the Delphi method to construct the evaluation indexes as well as the weights of the indexes, aiming to provide scientific and reasonable guidance for the construction level of SWPU smart library. In this paper, we first determined the evaluation index system of SWPU smart library, including smart technology and facilities, smart resources, smart services and other aspects. Then, we invited experts in the fields of library management and information technology to evaluate these indicators and their weights using the Delphi method. Through several rounds of solicitation and feedback, the experts reached a relatively unanimous opinion on the evaluation indicators and their weights of SWPU's smart libraries. On this basis, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the construction level of SWPU Smart Library and put forward corresponding suggestions for improvement. These suggestions will provide strong support for the future development of SWPU Smart Library so that it can better serve the students and faculty and promote the development of university education.

Transparency Animations: Trusted Research Environments, Data Linkage and Synthetic Data

BackgroundWith funding from HDR UK, Research Data Scotland (RDS) commissioned award-winning production company Media Co-op to create three short graphic animations targeted at both researchers and members of the public, building on our existing text-based content by introducing educational resources in a new format. These videos highlight three topics that have generated substantial interest among RDS users: Trusted Research Environments, data linkage and synthetic data. IntroductionFounded in 2021, RDS’s brand values centre on providing clarity, encouraging simplicity and building public trust. These values closely align with the aims of the HDR UK Transparency Standards, particularly around transparent application processes and criteria (Standard 2) and consideration for target audiences (Standard 4). MethodsRDS worked with creative agency Media Co-op to develop the animations with input from both subject matter experts and members of the public. Data experts were consulted throughout the project to ensure information accuracy. Two rounds of feedback from the Scotland Talks Data public panel, run jointly by RDS and the Scottish Centre for Administrative Data Research (SCADR), were also incorporated with the aim of ensuring appropriate and accessible language. ResultsThe resulting animations explain complex topics in layperson terms to aid comprehension. Each video also has a corresponding British Sign Language (BSL) version to aid wider accessibility. We anticipate that these videos will ensure both researchers and the public can glean a clearer understanding of these intricate concepts. ConclusionsBy applying a Creative Commons Non-Commercial Share Alike 4.0 license to all three videos, we intend for all partner organisations across the UK to be able to reuse or share these videos with their respective audiences. The more organisations share these videos, the more we will build a collective understanding of these complex topics. The final animations can be viewed on the RDS YouTube channel: How is data kept secure? What is data linkage? What is synthetic data? To honour our commitment to creating accessible content, BSL versions of all three animations are also available: How is data kept secure? (BSL) What is data linkage? (BSL) What is synthetic data? (BSL)

What to do with an incidental finding of a fused sagittal suture: a modified Delphi study.

As many as 5% of normocephalic children may have a prematurely fused sagittal suture, yet the clinical significance and best course of management of this finding remain unclear. Providers in the Synostosis Research Group were surveyed to create a multicenter consensus on an optimal treatment and monitoring algorithm for this condition. A four-round modified Delphi method was utilized. The first two rounds consisted of anonymous surveys distributed to 10 neurosurgeons and 9 plastic surgeons with expertise in craniosynostosis across 9 institutions, and presented 3 patients (aged 3 years, 2 years, and 2 months) with incidentally discovered fused sagittal sutures, normal cephalic indices, and no parietal dysmorphology. Surgeons were queried about their preferred term for this entity and how best to manage these patients. Results were synthesized to create a treatment algorithm. The third and fourth feedback rounds consisted of open discussion of the algorithm until no further concerns arose. Most surgeons preferred the term "premature fusion of the sagittal suture" (93%). At the conclusion of the final round, all surgeons agreed to not operate on the 3- and 2-year-old patients unless symptoms of intracranial hypertension or papilledema were present. In contrast, 50% preferred to operate on the 2-month-old. However, all agreed to utilize shared decision-making, taking into account any concerns about future head shape and neurodevelopment. Panelists agreed that patients over 18 months of age without signs or symptoms suggesting elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) should not undergo surgical treatment. Through the Delphi method, a consensus regarding management of premature fusion of the sagittal suture was obtained from a panel of North American craniofacial surgeons. Without signs or symptoms of ICP elevation, surgery is not recommended in patients over 18 months of age. However, for children younger than 18 months, surgery should be discussed with caregivers using a shared decision-making process.

전자매체 구술성을 활용한 대학 <글쓰기> 수업 사례 연구

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of electronic media use in college liberal arts <writing> classes. In this study, we examined the effi ciency of using electronic media throughout the entire column writing process. The subject of the study is the survey results of two classes and the writing results of one class conducted in the <Writing> class at A University located in the Gyeo ngnam region in the second semester of 2022. The orality of electronic media can be viewed as secondary orality and is repre sented by intercommunication and mediation. Paper media fragments the writing class process, but the use of electronic media provides continuity through non-me diation and hyper-mediation, allowing it to proceed efficiently. The class example was column writing, which allows you to carry out the entire writing process. In the column writing class design, it was planned to be divided into related classes, main classes, presentation classes, and evaluation. In this class, we looked at the use of electronic media in collecting data for the 9th week and constructing a column summary table for the 10th week. In collecting data, we were able to find papers, books, and internet resources, practice annotation meth ods, and organize references. After constructing an outline, immediate feedback was provided. The class evaluation examined the efficient aspects of writing classes using elec tronic media through the instructor’s evaluation of class results and student surveys. The instructor said that many students reached the ‘above’ level of learning goals through three rounds of feedback and writing practice using electronic media, and students had no objection to writing and planning using electronic media, and the ease of editing and writing. It was considered efficient in terms of speed and ease of self-editing. However, the readability of the feedback and how to use the program were viewed as areas that needed improvement. In order to stabilize writing classes using electronic media in university educa tion, it is urgent to prepare educational technicians and change and revise educa tional content.

Enhancing Early Childhood Cultural Education through the Ponorogo Reyog Theater Suitcase: A Development and Evaluation Study

This research explores the Reyog Theater Suitcase (Koper Teater Reyog) as an innovative educational tool for introducing the cultural heritage of Ponorogo to early childhood education. Utilizing a Research and Development (R&D) approach and the ADDIE model, which includes the Analyze, Design, Development, Implement, and Evaluation stages, the study employed a Posttest-only experimental design with nonequivalent groups. An initial needs analysis revealed a scarcity of practical storytelling media that incorporate local narratives, such as Reyog Ponorogo, despite its prevalence in local education. Consequently, the Reyog Theater Suitcase was developed, featuring a transparent display panel, barcode-activated musical features, and manageable cultural figurines. Data collection involved expert validation through questionnaires, teacher surveys, and authentic assessments using qualitative and quantitative analyses. The findings indicated that classes using the Reyog Theater Suitcase achieved significantly better outcomes in cultural education than traditional picture books. After two rounds of feedback and revisions from experts, the quality and educational appropriateness of the product were enhanced. Hypothesis testing in both small and large-scale settings resulted in p-values of 0.000 and 0.002, respectively, leading to the rejection of the null hypothesis and acceptance of the alternative hypothesis; this confirmed that the experimental group exposed to the Reyog culture through the suitcase differed significantly from the control group using conventional media. Integrating physical and digital storytelling elements advances the discourse on delivering educational content in the digital era. However, focusing on a specific cultural narrative might limit its application to similar educational settings. Further research is recommended to evaluate its broader applicability in diverse educational environments. This study underscores the importance of innovative storytelling media that integrate local cultures, offering potential pathways to enrich global early childhood education.

Reliable sleep temperature regulation based on PMV model and dynamic thermal parameters

Quality of nighttime sleep is crucial. The common practice of air conditioners' sleep mode is to recommend a fixed sleep curve or suggest a pre-trained temperature curve based on geologic location. However, these models neglect the user preference and dynamic changes in the room's thermal environment, making it difficult to satisfy people of different ages and genders and resulting in discomfort during sleep. Demanding user to input their preferences or private data causes privacy issues, which leads to a bottleneck in solving this problem. Therefore, the paper proposes a new dynamic thermal parameter model for sleep, which learns the users' metabolic rate and thermal resistance of clothing and bedding through the user's undetected setting before sleep and simple feedback after waking up. These parameters fully reflect the inherent preferences of users and the thermal environment of rooms. After 1–2 rounds of feedback, the model can simulate the needs of users pretty well. In addition, we have optimized the PMV sleep model based on the dynamic thermal parameter model to regulate the temperature of air conditioner. In the controlled experiment, 84% of the participants expressed satisfaction with the regulated sleep temperature environment using the new model, which is 17% higher than that of the fixed curve. This model establishes a personalized model for users without obtaining their privacy information. In future research, wind speed control and humidity control can be introduced, and other sleep monitoring devices can be added to achieve more precise air conditioning temperature control.

Categorizing digital data collection and intervention tools in health and wellbeing living lab settings: A modified Delphi study

BackgroundHealth and Wellbeing Living Labs are a valuable research infrastructure for exploring innovative solutions to tackle complex healthcare challenges and promote overall wellbeing. A knowledge gap exists in categorizing and understanding the types of ICT tools and technical devices employed by Living Labs. AimDefine a comprehensive taxonomy that effectively categorizes and organizes the digital data collection and intervention tools employed in Health and Wellbeing Living Lab research studies. MethodsA modified consensus-seeking Delphi study was conducted, starting with a pre-study involving a survey and semistructured interviews (N=30) to gather information on existing equipment. The follow-up three Delphi rounds with a panel of living lab experts (R1 N=18, R2 - 3 N=15) from 10 different countries focused on achieving consensus on the category definitions, ease of reading, and included subitems for each category. Due to the controversial results in the 2nd round of qualitative feedback, an online workshop was organized to clarify the contradictory issues. ResultsThe resulting taxonomy included 52 subitems, which were divided into three levels as follows: The first level consists of 'devices for data monitoring and collection' and 'technologies for intervention.' At the second level, the 'data monitoring and collection' category is further divided into 'environmental' and 'human' monitoring. The latter includes the following third-level categories: 'biometrics,' 'activity and behavioral monitoring,' 'cognitive ability and mental processes,' 'electrical biosignals and physiological monitoring measures,' '(primary) vital signs,' and 'body size and composition.' At the second level, 'technologies for intervention' consists of 'assistive technology,' 'extended reality – XR (VR & AR),' and 'serious games' categories. ConclusionA common language and standardized terminology are established to enable effective communication with living labs and their customers. The taxonomy opens a roadmap for further studies to map related devices based on their functionality, features, target populations, and intended outcomes, fostering collaboration and enhancing data capture and exploitation.

Terminology of e-Oral Health: Consensus Report of the IADR’s e-Oral Health Network Terminology Task Force

ObjectiveAuthors reported multiple definitions of e-oral health and related terms, and used several definitions interchangeably, like mhealth, teledentistry, teleoral medicine and telehealth. The International Association of Dental Research e-Oral Health Network (e-OHN) aimed to establish a consensus on terminology related to digital technologies used in oral healthcare.MethodThe Crowdsourcing Delphi method used in this study comprised of four main stages. In the first stage, the task force created a list of terms and definitions around digital health technologies based on the literature and established a panel of experts. Inclusion criteria for the panellists were: to be actively involved in either research and/or working in e-oral health fields; and willing to participate in the consensus process. In the second stage, an email-based consultation was organized with the panel of experts to confirm an initial set of terms. In the third stage, consisted of: a) an online meeting where the list of terms was presented and refined; and b) a presentation at the 2022-IADR annual meeting. The fourth stage consisted of two rounds of feedback to solicit experts’ opinion about the terminology and group discussion to reach consensus. A Delphi-questionnaire was sent online to all experts to independently assess a) the appropriateness of the terms, and b) the accompanying definitions, and vote on whether they agreed with them. In a second round, each expert received an individualised questionnaire, which presented the expert’s own responses from the first round and the panellists’ overall response (% agreement/disagreement) to each term. It was decided that 70% or higher agreement among experts on the terms and definitions would represent consensus.ResultsThe study led to the identification of an initial set of 43 terms. The list of initial terms was refined to a core set of 37 terms. Initially, 34 experts took part in the consensus process about terms and definitions. From them, 27 experts completed the first rounds of consultations, and 15 the final round of consultations. All terms and definitions were confirmed via online voting (i.e., achieving above the agreed 70% threshold), which indicate their agreed recommendation for use in e-oral health research, dental public health, and clinical practice.ConclusionThis is the first study in oral health organised to achieve consensus in e-oral health terminology. This terminology is presented as a resource for interested parties. These terms were also conceptualised to suit with the new healthcare ecosystem and the place of e-oral health within it. The universal use of this terminology to label interventions in future research will increase the homogeneity of future studies including systematic reviews.

How and why do financial incentives contribute to helping people stop smoking? A realist review

BackgroundTobacco smoking remains a key cause of preventable illness and death globally. In response, many countries provide extensive services to help people to stop smoking by offering a variety of effective behavioural and pharmacological therapies. However, many people who wish to stop smoking do not have access to or use stop smoking supports, and new modes of support, including the use of financial incentives, are needed to address this issue. A realist review of published international literature was undertaken to understand how, why, for whom, and in which circumstances financial incentives contribute to success in stopping smoking for general population groups and among pregnant women.MethodsSystematic searches were undertaken from inception to February 2022 of five academic databases: MEDLINE (ovid), Embase.com, CIHAHL, Scopus and PsycINFO. Study selection was inclusive of all study designs. Twenty-two studies were included. Using Pawson and Tilley’s iterative realist review approach, data collected were screened, selected, coded, analysed, and synthesised into a set of explanatory theoretical findings.ResultsData were synthesised into six Context-Mechanism-Outcome Configurations and one overarching programme theory after iterative rounds of analysis, team discussion, and expert panel feedback. Our programme theory shows that financial incentives are particularly useful to help people stop smoking if they have a financial need, are pregnant or recently post-partum, have a high threshold for behaviour change, and/or respond well to external rewards. The incentives work through a number of mechanisms including the role their direct monetary value can play in a person’s life and through a process of reinforcement where they can help build confidence and self-esteem.ConclusionThis is the first realist review to synthesise how, why, and for whom financial incentives work among those attempting to stop smoking, adding to the existing evidence demonstrating their efficacy. The findings will support the implementation of current knowledge into effective programmes which can enhance the impact of stop smoking care.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022298941.