Rotter's Locus Of Control Scale Research Articles

Do Locus of Control Affect Anthropometric Measurements, Food Intake and Diet Quality in Adolescent Soccer Players?

Aim: This study was conducted to examine the effect of locus of control on anthropometric measurements, nutritional status, and diet quality in adolescent soccer players. Subjects and Method: The study involved 72 male soccer players between the ages of 14 and 18. The researcher utilized the Rotter Locus of Control Scale face-to-face to the athletes to ascertain their locus of control. The 3-day food consumption records of athletes were gathered in order to assess their nutritional state. The Healthy Eating Index-2015 was used to assess the athletes’ dietary quality. Results: The average score of the athletes on Rotter’s Locus of Control Scale was determined as 10.28 ± 3.15. The athletes’ ages, total weights, skeletal muscle weights, and body mass index values were found to have a positive and statistically significant weak connection with the players’ scores on the “Locus of Control”(r: 0.268; p = 0.023; p <0.05). The Total Healthy Eating Index (HEI) score was 37.16±10.14 on average, 90.3% (n=65) of the athletes had a “poor” diet, and 9.7% (n=7) had a diet quality that needed improvement. There was no statistically significant relationship between the athletes’ total HEI score and Rotter’s Locus of Control Scale score (p> 0.05). Regression analysis reveals that it is connected to skeletal muscle weight as a factor in determining the degree of the locus of control (F = 5.756; p = 0.019; p <0.05). Conclusion: Findings related to locus of control of athletes are interesting, however, there is a need for more comprehensive studies that can determine the relationship of locus of control with anthropometric measurements and food intake.

The role of locus of control and motivation in determining the achievement goal model in Turkish National Sailing Athletes: Preliminary study

Individuals dealing with sailing, which is an outdoor sport, need to focus on the target with determination and be motivated while struggling with the wind, waves, currents, and opponents. The locus of control is accepted as an element that can predict success in sports where such complex mental processes are used. In addition, athletes' orientation towards performance and learning, and their critical perspective are also known as factors determining success and failure. In this study, it was aimed to test whether the locus of control and motivation styles of national sailing athletes determine their success orientation or not. The analogous sampling method, one of the purposeful sampling methods, was used in determining the participants, and the study was carried out with a correlational design. The study included 79 (24 Female, 55 Male) Turkish national athletes (X̄=20.58±5.46), aged 16-35, competing in Laser (Standard, Radial, 4.7), 470, 420, Finn, Windsurfing branches. The following scales were used in the study :“Achievement Goal Model”, “Sport Motivatiob Scale II” and “The Rotter Locus of Control Scale”.
 According to the results, we found that the determinants of learning-avoidance goal orientation are regulation by identification and external regulation, and the determinants of learning-avoidance goal orientation are regulation by identification and external regulation.
 As a result, the achievement goals and motivation style of the participants are in interaction and it is thought that determining the locus of control and aspects of motivation are important to understand the athlete's achievement goal orientation.

Locus of control, self-efficacy, and student performance in an introductory economics course

In the Principles of Microeconomics course taught during the Fall Semester 2019, 88 students participated in the completion of two questionnaires and a survey describing their demographic and academic profile. The two questionnaires included the 29 items of the Rotter Locus of Control Scale and the 10 items of the Schwarzer & Jerusalem Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale. The paper is intended to show that locus of control and self-efficacy are two distinct constructs not only in their influence on student performance but also in their student profile interaction. Using the Locus of Control Scale, the class was divided by a median split of 12 into two equal-sized groups. The results show that internals (lower score) had a higher average exam score, had a higher cumulative GPA score, spent more time working, attended classes more often, and scored higher on the self-efficacy scale than externals (higher score). Using the Self-Efficacy Scale and dividing the class by a median split of 3.2 into equal-sized groups, high self-efficacy students had a higher average exam score, took more high school economics courses, and were internally oriented, as compared to the low self-efficacy students. Of the 88 students participating in the survey, 30 students were identified as having both low locus of control and high self-efficacy and 33 students were identified of having both high locus of control and low self-efficacy. The results show that the 30 students had a higher average exam score, had a higher cumulative GPA score, were more of white ethnicity, and took more high school economics courses, as compared to the 33 students. For the whole sample, the correlation coefficient between locus of control and self-efficacy groups is negative and highly significant. The regression results show that the locus of control variable has a negative and significant effect, while the self-efficacy score has a positive and significant effect on the exam average. The adjusted R square value increased markedly with the addition of both locus of control and self-efficacy variables to the regression equation.

Locus of Control in College Students with and Without Visual Impairments, and the Visual Characteristics that Affect It

Introduction: According to previous research, locus of control (LOC) has a crucial role in an individual’s psychological well-being. The purpose of this study was 3-fold: (1) comparing LOC of college students with and without visual impairments while controlling for gender, educational level, and age; (2) investigating the relationship between LOC and visual characteristics in college students with visual impairments; and (3) predicting LOC of these students using their visual characteristics. Methods: The design of this study was causal-comparative. The statistical population included a sample of college students with and without visual impairments who were enrolled at the University of Isfahan, Iran. Fifteen of the 20 college students with visual impairments were selected through convenience sampling and amongst sighted students, 15 individuals were selected in a way that they were matched with college students with visual impairment regarding gender, educational level, and age. The Rotter Locus of Control Scale was used to measure LOC. Also, visual impairment characteristics and demographic data were collected. The results were analyzed by t-test and stepwise regression analysis. Results: Results indicated no significant difference between LOC of college students with and without visual impairments ( p > .05), and both groups tended to have internal LOC on average. The results indicated that adjustment to visual impairment and the recent status of visual impairment might predict the LOC of a college student who is visually impaired and explained 59.2% of its variance with this sample ( p < .005). Discussion: LOC of college students with visual impairments was similar to their sighted counterparts. The better adjusted the person was to his or her visual impairment and the less worsening the status of visual impairment was, the higher internal LOC he or she had. Implications for practitioners: Families and society can help individuals with visual impairments build their internal LOC, by teaching them how to adjust to their disability and providing them the conditions to increase their independence. At the same time, preparing them for entering university may also help them develop their sense of internal LOC.

Does Schooling Causally Impact Non-Cognitive Skills? Evidence from Elimination of Social Security Student Benefits

A limited number of studies have investigated the impacts of education on non-cognitive skills, yet they offer mixed results. A few studies suggest no impact, but others report positive impacts of education on non-cognitive skills. In this paper, we apply the elimination of Social Security student benefits that took place in the United States in 1982 to study the impacts of education on non-cognitive skills, as measured by the Rotter Locus of Control Scale and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. We apply eligibility for aid due to the death of father to avoid endogeneity in our analysis. Our results suggest that non-cognitive skills improve during the college education years, but the causality relationship from college education to non-cognitive skills disappears to a high extent when the prior levels of non-cognitive skills are controlled for.

Striatal dopamine D2 binding correlates with locus of control: Preliminary evidence from [11C]raclopride Positron Emission Tomography

The ability to exert control has been widely investigated as a hallmark of adaptive behaviour. Dopamine is recognized as the key neuromodulator mediating various control-related processes. The neural mechanisms underlying the subjective perception of being in control, or Locus of Control (LOC) are however less clear. LOC indicates the subjective tendency to attribute environmental outcomes to one's actions (internal LOC) or instead to external incontrollable factors (external LOC). Here we hypothesized that dopamine levels also relate to LOC. Previous work shows that dopamine signaling mediates learning of action-outcome relationships, outcome predictability, and opportunity cost. Prominent theories propose dopamine dysregulation as the key pathogenetic mechanism in schizophrenia and depression. Critically, external LOC is a risk factor for schizophrenia and depression, and predicts increased vulnerability to stress. However, a direct link between LOC and dopamine levels in healthy control had not been demonstrated. The purpose of our study was to investigate this link. Using [11C]raclopride Positron Emission Tomography we tested the relationship between D2 receptor binding in the striatum and LOC (measured with the Rotter Locus of Control scale) in 15 healthy volunteers. Our results show a large and positive correlation: increased striatal D2 binding was associated with External LOC. This finding opens promising avenues for the study of several psychological impairments that have been associated with both dopamine and LOC, such as addiction, schizophrenia, and depression.

The Relationship Between Learning Styles, Locus of Control, and Academic Achievement Among Virtual Learners at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

Objectives: The general objective of this research was to study the learning styles and locus of control of virtual students at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences and its relationship with their academic attainment. Methods: This was a descriptive study carried out during year 2017. One hundred virtual learners from Shiraz University of Medical Sciences were randomly selected as the participants of this study. The instrument used in this study was the Kolb Learning Style Inventory and Rotter locus of control scale (1996). Kolb Learning Style Inventory consists of 12 questions and four sections. Vilkaksn measured the reliability of the study by using Alpha, and reported on high reliability (active examination = 0.67, abstract understanding = 0.83 thinking observation = 0.87, objective experience = 0.82). The stability of Rotter’s questionnaire was reported by franklin to be more than 82%. The quantitative data were analyzed using person product moment correlation, k2, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and independent samples t test. The questionnaires were analyzed using version 20 of SPSS software and the significance level was equal to 0.05. Results: The results indicated that 80% of the students deployed a convergent style of learning. Also, it was found that there was no meaningful relationship between learning styles and academic success (P = 0.61). There was no significant relationship between locus of control and academic achievement (P = 0.51). However, the learners with internal locus of control were older than the ones with external locus of control (P = 0.04). Conclusions: Because of the novelty of virtual education in Iran, it demands more research to specify the degree of success gained by this kind of educational system.

The Role of Locus of Control, Meaning of Life and Marital Relationships in Predicting Quality of Life

Introduction and purpose: In the process of development, retirement is a stage of beginning for important potential changes in life and this stage effect on quality life of the retirements. So, present study with the aim of investigating prediction of quality of life through locus of control, meaning of life and marital relationships was performed on retirements of Nahanavand of Iran. Materials and methods: This is a survey study and from correlational type. The population of the present study were all the retirements of Nahavand which based on previous literature 200 of them were selected through random sampling as study sample. Tools were Rotter's Locus of Control Scale (RLCS), Meaning of Life Questionnaire (MLQ), Marital Status Inventory and WHO Quality of Life (WHOQOL-26). Data were analyzed through correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression. Findings: The results of the study showed significant relationship between dependent and independent variables including: a positive weak relation between locus of control and quality of life, a positive medium relation between search for meaning and quality of life, a positive pretty strong relation between presence of meaning and quality of life and finally a negative pretty strong relation between marital status and quality of life. In addition, the results of regression analysis showed that presence of meaning can predict quality of life positively and marital status which higher scores in it means more disruptions in marital relationship, can predicts quality of life negatively and the other independent variables were excluded because of low Beta coefficients. conclusion: Based on study results it could be said that individuals with internal control, feeling purposeful in life and more marital satisfaction can deal with retirement better than others and even they can experience a successful retirement which results in experience higher levels of quality of life.

Orientación religiosa y solución de problemas

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="section"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="section"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>Este artículo presenta los resultados de los aportes de la orientación religiosa a la solución de problemas en personas de confesionalidad cristiana católica y protestante pentecostal de la ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia, desde un enfoque cognitivo conductual en psicología de la religión, y un diseño factorial 2x3x4, donde los factores confesionalidad cristiana, </span><span>locus </span><span>de control y orientación religiosa se relacionan con las variables criterio propias de la dimensión constructiva y disfuncional de solución de problemas sociales de D’Zurilla y Goldfried. La muestra fue equilibrada: 45 personas de confesionalidad católica y 45 protestantes pentecostales, a quienes se les aplicó la </span><span>escala de orientación religiosa </span><span>de Allport y Ross, la </span><span>escala de locus de control </span><span>de Rotter y el </span><span>inventario de solución de problemas sociales revisado. </span><span>Se encontró que las personas sin entrenamiento previo en solución de problemas sociales, con mayores puntuaciones en la dimensión constructiva y menores en la dimensión disfuncional tienden a la orientación religiosa internalizada independiente de su confesionalidad cristiana; las personas con orientación religiosa internalizada </span><span>presentan correlaciones significativas y positivas con la dimensión constructiva, y correlaciones significativas y negativas con la puntuación de la orientación </span><span>religiosa externalizada; y las personas con orientación religiosa internalizada y </span><span>locus </span><span>de control interno tienden a obtener altas puntuaciones en la dimensión constructiva, mientras que las personas con orientación religiosa externalizada y </span><span>locus </span><span>de control externo tienden a puntuar más en la dimensión disfuncional. </span></p></div></div></div></div><p> </p></div></div></div></div>

Beliefs and Perceptions of Women with Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer Who Refused Conventional Treatment in Favor of Alternative Therapies

Although breast cancer is a highly treatable disease, some women reject conventional treatment opting for unproven "alternative therapy" that may contribute to poor health outcomes. This study sought to understand why some women make this decision and to identify messages that might lead to greater acceptance of evidence-based treatment. This study explored treatment decision making through in-depth interviews with 60 breast cancer patients identified by their treating oncologists. Thirty refused some or all conventional treatment, opting for alternative therapies, whereas 30 accepted both conventional and alternative treatments. All completed the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Rotter Locus of Control scale. Negative first experiences with "uncaring, insensitive, and unnecessarily harsh" oncologists, fear of side effects, and belief in the efficacy of alternative therapies were key factors in the decision to reject potentially life-prolonging conventional therapy. Refusers differed from controls in their perceptions of the value of conventional treatment, believing that chemotherapy and radiotherapy were riskier (p < .0073) and less beneficial (p < .0001) than did controls. Controls perceived alternative medicine alone as riskier than did refusers because its value for treating cancer is unproven (p < .0001). Refusers believed they could heal themselves naturally from cancer with simple holistic methods like raw fruits, vegetables, and supplements. According to interviewees, a compassionate approach to cancer care plus physicians who acknowledge their fears, communicate hope, educate them about their options, and allow them time to come to terms with their diagnosis before starting treatment might have led them to better treatment choices.

The Relation between Assertiveness Levels, Locus of Control and Academic Success of Turkish Language Teacher Candidates

Before they start their career, candidate teachers must have deep knowledge about the characteristics that a successful teachers should have. The purpose is to create awareness that personal traits of a teacher are critical during education period and to improve and develop these traits. The research is a descriptive one and the basic purpose of this study is to examine the relation between the assertiveness levels and locus of control, on one hand, and academic success, on the other, of senior Turkish teaching students at Eastern Mediterranean University (n = 276). Validity and reliability studies were conducted in order to collect data and “Rathus Assertiveness Schedule” and “Rotter Locus of Control Scale” were used. Percentage- frequency calculations were conducted so as to evaluate the data, cross-reference tables were produced and correlation was examined. In this study, researchers didn’t find any correlation between the assertiveness and academic successes of candidate teachers. Likewise, there isn’t any relation between locus of control and academic success of candidate teachers.

Survey on Relationship of Achievement Motivation, Locus of Control and Academic Achievement in High School Students of Bandar Abbas (Iran)

The aim of this study is to find the relationship between achievement motivation, locus of control and academic achievement in high school students of Bandar Abbas (Iran). For testing the hypotheses of the research 211 high school students were selected randomly. Rotter locus of control scale, achievement motivation scale and students scores were used. Statistical analyzing data showed there is positive relationship between these variables. 1

School Environment and Locus of Control in Relation to Job Satisfaction among School Teachers – A Study from Indian Perspective

The purpose of this study is to explore different patterns of relationship of job satisfaction with school environment and locus of control in different groups of school teachers selected from different school of Kolkata, India. Another objective is to see whether there any demographic variable which play any role on the job satisfaction of the teachers. 160 data were collected from the school teachers of Kolkata, using Revised School-Level Environment Questionnaire, Rotter Locus of control scale and Teacher job satisfaction questionnaire. Results showed that job satisfaction is significantly correlated with different domains of school environment and locus of control. Stepwise regression analysis indicated that job satisfaction can be significantly predicted by locus of control and maximum domains of school environment. This study highlighted a vital impact of school environment and locus of control on job satisfaction.

Self-confidence and Earning Inequalities: A Test on Hungarian Data

It is easy to see that highly fatalistic, inefficient persons believe that their actions have little outcome. Because greater fatalism lowers an employee's effort level, it may result in lower wages, while the anti-fatalistic attitude translates into more effective work that in turn may be rewarded with a higher salary. In this article the author tests a self-confidence scale that is similar to the most widely used Rotter locus of control scale. People with high self-confidence have determination, feel they have an influence on their future, and are optimistic. In the analysis the author investigates the predictive power of self-confidence in wage equations using Hungarian data.

The long run effects of self-confidence on the labour market A test on Hungarian data

It is easy to see that highly fatalistic, low-efficacy persons believe that their actions have little outcome. Because greater fatalism lowers an employee’s desired effort level, it may result in lower wages, while the anti-fatalistic attitude translates into more effective work that in turn may be rewarded with a higher salary. The examined self-confidence scale is very similar than the most widely used Rotter locus of control scale. People with high self confidence are determined, feel to have an influence on their future and are optimistic. I examine not only the wage-impact, but also human capital impact of self-confidence.

Psychological distress symptoms in women undergoing medical vs. surgical termination of pregnancy

Objectives The purpose of this study is to compare the baseline psychological distress and symptom profile of women undergoing either medical (with mifepristone) or surgical pregnancy termination and the psychological outcome 2 weeks after the procedure. Methods Women ( n=200) given free choice of pregnancy termination method, either medical or surgical, were assessed before pregnancy termination by a demographic questionnaire including questions regarding the choice of the method of pregnancy termination, the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), the Spielberger State Anxiety questionnaire and the Rotter Locus of Control Scale. Two weeks after the procedure, the BSI and Spielberger questionnaires were repeated. Results Women with a smaller number of past pregnancies tended to choose the medical procedure. Reasons for choosing the medical procedure were fear of surgery, anesthesia and of future fertility difficulties. Prior to the procedure, the “medical group” had significantly higher levels of obsessive–compulsive symptoms, guilt and BSI general symptom index score, and a trend for higher interpersonal sensitivity and paranoid ideation. Postprocedure, both groups showed significant decline in anxiety levels and did not differ on most symptom parameters. Conclusions Women who chose to have a medical termination are marginally more symptomatic before the procedure than women choosing surgical termination. However, both methods of pregnancy termination resulted in significant reduction in preabortion psychological distress level.

Locus of control, sex, and attitudes toward suicide.

A sample of 191 college students were administered the Suicide Opinion Questionnaire and the Rotter Locus of Control Scale. Significant differences in endorsement were obtained on 2 of the 8 Suicide Opinion Questionnaire scales with respect to sex and locus of control.

Is amenorrhea a critical criterion for anorexia nervosa?

The significance of amenorrhea as a criterion for anorexia nervosa was examined. Twelve nonamenorrheic women treated for anorexia were compared with 40 women meeting full DSM-IV criteria. The nonamenorrheic group displayed the same high levels of eating disorder, body-image disturbance, and psychopathology as the amenorrheic group, as measured by the following variables: body-size overestimation on the Image Marking Procedure; body distortion on the Body Distortion Questionnaire; eating disorder on the Eating Disorder Inventory; depression on the Beck Depression Inventory; psychopathology on the MMPI; and external locus of control on the Rotter Locus of Control Scale. Amenorrhea does not appear to be a useful criterion for distinguishing full-syndrome anorexia nervosa from partial-syndrome cases.

Restricters who purge:Implications of purging behavior for psychopathology and classification of anorexia nervosa

The significance of purging behavior that occurs in the absence of binge eating in anorexia nervosa was examined. Fifty-two women with anorexia nervosa were divided into 3 groups: 26 nonpurging or “pure” restricters, 18 purging restricters, and 8 bulimic (or binge-and-purge) individuals. Results demonstrated that purging restricters, compared to nonpurging restricters, exhibited significantly more body distortion on the Body Distortion Questionnaire, weight concern on the Eating Disorder Inventory, external locus of control on the Rotter Locus of Control Scale, depression on the Beck Depression Inventory, and general psychopathology on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2. There were no significant differences between nonpurging and purging restricters on the Family Environment Scale. Bulimic individuals did not show levels of psychopathology consistently as high as the purging restricter group. It was concluded that purging behavior in and of itself is a salient and valid marker for subtyping anorexia neruosa. Possible dqerences between groups in terms of etiology and tmatrnent approach are discussed.

Scores on Locus of Control and Aggression for Drug Addicts, Users, and Controls

This study assessed aggression and locus of control in 20 drug users, 20 addicts and 20 control subjects. The Rotter Locus of Control Scale and the Questionnaire for Measuring Spontaneous Aggression were administered to 60 men. In comparison with drug users and controls, the addicts obtained higher scores on External Locus of Control and Spontaneous Aggression, so addicts and drug users must be considered two distinct groups. Nevertheless, no statistically significant correlation between scores on these measures was found.