Rotten Waste Research Articles

Garbage Detection using YOLO Algorithm for Urban Management in Bangkok

Garbage problems in urban areas are becoming more serious as the population increases, resulting in community garbage, including Bangkok, the capital of Thailand, being affected by pollution from rotten waste. Therefore, this research aims to apply deep learning technology to detect images from CCTV cameras in urban areas of Bangkok by using YOLO to detect images from CCTV cameras in urban areas of Bangkok, using YOLO to detect 1,383 images of overflowing garbage bins, classified into 2 classes: garbage class and bin class. YOLO in each version was compared, consisting of YOLOv5n, YOLOv6n, YOLOv7, and YOLOv8n. The comparison results showed that YOLOv5n was able to classify classes with an accuracy of 94.50%, followed by YOLOv8n at 93.80%, YOLOv6n at 71.60%, and YOLOv7 at 24.60%, respectively. The results from this research can be applied to develop a mobile or web application to notify of overflowing garbage bins by integrating with CCTV cameras installed in communities to monitor garbage that is overflowing or outside the bin and notify relevant agencies or the locals. This will allow for faster and more efficient waste management.

Solar Powered Dustbin for Efficient Waste Management

This paper represents the study of smart dustbin for efficient waste management. Nowadays, Urbanization has increased tremendously, at the same time there is an increase in waste production. Waste management is a crucial issue to be considered. So we are developing a Smart Dustbin which will sense the position of humans and automatically open the lid of the dustbin to throw garbage. It will monitor the garbage and inform about the levels of garbage collected in the dustbin via sending SMS to the cleaning staff or the supervisor. Once the garbage reaches the threshold level, the ultrasonic sensor will trigger the GSM modem which will continuously alert the cleaning staff and supervisor until the garbage in the dustbin is squashed. Foul smell from the rotten wastes that remain untreated for a long time, due to the negligence of authorities and carelessness of the public may lead to long-term problems. So once these smart bins are implemented on a large scale, waste can be managed efficiently as it avoids unnecessary lumping of wastes on the roadside and keeps the city clean and restricts the spread of diseases through this.

To Improve Efficiency of Garbage Collection System for Smart Cities: Review Paper

As these days population is increasing hugely, we tend to face heaps problems thanks to that, pollution is one in every of the, and additionally govt have launched several schemes to create our society, country clean and healthy , we tend to here centred on a connected issue that cause pollution and additionally cause several diseases, government put in dustbins in nearly each area of the many cities to create a town clean and healthy however that doesn’t appears to successful drawback isn't resolved , as once the bin is stuffed there's nobody to create it empty not even municipal corporation aware bout that and bin is overflowed and cause diseases, thus we tend to area unit planned to remodel a traditional bin into good bins, with the assistance microcontroller Arduino UNO, inaudible device, servo motor IR device and a GSM module. Inaudible device is placed at the highest of the bin which can live the stature of the bin. the brink stature is ready as 10cm. Arduino are going to be programmed in such the simplest way that once the bin is being stuffed with facilitate of Arduino and GSM module a message is shipped to the closest swiper thereto bin. Once the bin is press, individuals will recycle the bin. At regular intervals bin are going to be press. Once these good bins area unit enforced on an oversized scale, by commutation our ancient bins gift nowadays, waste may be managed with efficiency because it avoids surplus lumping of wastes on wayside. Foul smell from these rotten wastes that stay untreated for a protracted time, thanks to negligence of authorities and carelessness of public could result in future issues.

Labellum structure of Bulbophyllum echinolabium J.J. Sm. (section Lepidorhiza Schltr., Bulbophyllinae Schltr., Orchidaceae Juss.)

This micromorphological, chemical and ultrastructural study is a continuation of research conducted on the section Lepidorhiza. The Bulbophyllum echinolabium flowers comprised features that characterize a sapromyophilous syndrome, having large, glistening parts that emit an intense scent of rotten meat. The secretory activity was described in the hypochile (nectary in longitudinal groove and in the prickles) and the epichile (putative osmophore). The ultrastructural studies revealed a dense cytoplasm in the epidermis and subepidermal tissue with large nuclei and numerous mitochondria, the profiles of SER and RER, and dictyosomes. Large amounts of heterogeneous residues of secreted material (possibly phenolic) were present on the cuticle surface, similar to the unusual prominent periplasmic space with flocculent secretory material. The chemical analysis (GC/MS) of the scent profile of lips comprised carbohydrates and their derivatives (29.55% of all compounds), amino acids (1.66%), lipids (8.04%) and other organic compounds (60.73%). A great number of identified compounds are Diptera attractants (mainly Milichiidae, Tephritidae, Drosophilidae, Muscidae, Sarcophagidae, Tachinidae). The examination of visual and olfactory features indicates correlation between colour of flowers and the type of olfactory mimicry, where a dark colour labellum emits strong smell of rotten waste.

Smart Dustbin-Garbage Monitoring System by Efficient Arduino Based

In the recent decades, Urbanization has increased tremendously. At the same phase there is an increase in waste production. Waste management has been a crucial issue to be considered. This paper is a way to achieve this good cause. In this paper, smart bin is built on a microcontroller based platform Arduino Uno board which is interfaced with GSM modem and Ultrasonic sensor. Ultrasonic sensor is placed at the top of the dustbin which will measure the stature of the dustbin. The threshold stature is set as 10cm. Arduino will be programmed in such a way that when the dustbin is being filled, the remaining height from the threshold height will be displayed. Once the garbage reaches the threshold level ultrasonic sensor will trigger the GSM modem which will continuously alert the required authority until the garbage in the dustbin is squashed. Once the dustbin is squashed, people can reuse the dustbin. At regular intervals dustbin will be squashed. Once these smart bins are implemented on a large scale, by replacing our traditional bins present today, waste can be managed efficiently as it avoids unnecessary lumping of wastes on roadside. Foul smell from these rotten wastes that remain untreated for a long time, due to negligence of authorities and carelessness of public may lead to long term problems. Breeding of insects and mosquitoes can create nuisance around promoting unclean environment. This may even cause dreadful diseases.

Season, equipment, and job function related to gastrointestinal problems in waste collectors.

OBJECTIVES: Informal reports have suggested that work as a waste collector entails exposures that cause gastrointestinal symptoms--such as nausea and diarrhoea. This study explores this hypothesis by correlating data on...

Public response to air pollution in calcutta proper

In a sample survey of 1724 residents randomly selected from 56 localities of the Calcutta Municipal Corporation (CMC) area, an attempt was made to determine people's reactions to air pollution and the nature of remedial actions recommended by them. Of those interviewed, 78% were quite aware of the air pollution in their locality. A large percentage of them perceived air pollution as a malodour problem. Foul smell, filthy drains, and rotten waste were the main factors which they thought were causing most of the air pollution. Very few respondents could identify unburnt fuel emission from automobiles as a cause. Forty per cent of the respondents could not name a specific source. Thus, degree of awareness and knowledge is not sufficient to create a potential foundation for an effective air pollution control programme. Only 19·37% identified air pollution as the number one problem in the CMC area. Seventy per cent of the male respondents and about half of the female respondents expressed their concern over air pollution in their locality. Although more than 80% believed that air pollution was going to be or had already become a serious problem in their locality, only 1% complained to the authorities. Respondents with low education and poor socio-economic status showed in general less awareness, little concern and a clear apathy to various issues of air pollution. In their minds, air pollution is not so salient a concern as other social issues. Their passive response patterns suggest that they have yet to conceptualize how complaints could reduce the problem. The survey clearly suggests the need for a more concerted campaign to create greater public awareness and concern. Every locality should have a youth club to initiate such a campaign and act as watchdog. In order to tackle industrial and vehicular pollutions, the residents strongly recommended the strict enforcement of the Anti-pollution Act. The control of air pollution in Calcutta requires a simultaneous planned change in population, social organization, technology and a focus on environmental hazards.