Romantic Elements Research Articles

A Study of the Liberation of Physical Space in Edgar Allan Poe’s Novels

In Edgar Allan Poe’s novels, deaths often occur at night, in narrow stairwells, and in dark, confined basements, hidden within the thickness of walls or beneath the ruins of collapsed buildings. By integrating Henry Lefebvre’s theories of social space and physical space with the plot of Poe’s stories, this paper conducts a textual analysis to interpret the author’s intentions in choosing specific social spaces. In Poe’s novels, the murderer’s use of space to commit murder and conceal the truth of death is a manifestation of the individual’s struggle for power within the society they inhabit and the deprivation of others’ power, reflecting the alienation of human nature. To counter such alienation, Poe regards the individual body as the subject of social space production in his novels. By focusing on the depiction of “resurrection from the dead” and other magical and romantic elements, and by emphasizing the liberation of bodily sensations—particularly the medium of sound—to reveal the truth of death, it is argued that Poe’s novels demonstrate the purpose of bodily resistance to the alienation of human nature through the liberation of physical space.

Semiotic Analysis Of The Index In Revealing RomanticismOn Poetry By Joko Pinurbo

This research aims to examine the concept of romanticism as understood by Russell Noyes in the poetry of Joko Pinurbo, utilizing Charles Sanders Peirce's semiotic theory with a focus on the index as a key object. The study is conducted using a qualitative descriptive method, analyzing ten data points extracted from five of Joko Pinurbo's poems: "Kosmetik," "Salam Sembuh," "Kisah Natal," "Ramadan di Rantau," and "Ngabuburit." The research methods employed include close reading and note-taking to identify and interpret the presence of index signs within these poems. Through the analysis of these index signs, the study identifies three distinct schools of romanticism as they manifest in the works of Joko Pinurbo. The focus of the research is on interpreting the indexes to uncover the underlying romantic elements within the poetry. This involves a detailed examination of how the indexical signs contribute to the overall theme and emotional resonance of the poems, aligning with the broader genre of romanticism. The findings provide insights into the unique way Joko Pinurbo's poetry embodies romantic themes, as seen through the lens of semiotic analysis, thereby

Exploring the Musical Styles of Beethoven’s Middle Period through the Piano Sonata Op. 90

Beethoven’s Piano Sonata Op. 90 represents the pinnacle of his compositional achievements during his middle period, showcasing significant transformations and advancements in his musical style. This paper analyses the structure and technical features of Piano Sonata Op. 90, including its two-movement sonata, the treatment of thematic material, and the application of polyphonic techniques. These elements illustrate the stylistic evolution from Beethoven's middle to his late periods. A detailed musical analysis of Piano Sonata Op. 90 reveals how Beethoven integrated classical and Romantic elements within this work, thereby foreshadowing the technical and spiritual developments of his late period compositions. Furthermore, the paper discusses specific performance techniques essential for interpreting Piano Sonata Op. 90, providing practical guidance to enhance understanding and execution of this masterpiece.

Ekspresi Romantik dalam Puisi Asyiq min Falishtin Karya Mahmud Darwish (Analisis Aliran Romantisme)

The poem Asyiq min Falishtin is a poem with a romantic flow. This poem contains expressions of Mahmud Dharwis' feelings of longing for the peace and prosperity of Palestine, as well as describing the sadness and suffering suffered by the land of Palestine, so this poem is synonymous with expressions of feelings expressed in the form of expressions. This research is to analyze aspects of romantic expression in this poetry, which does not only focus on romance but the expression of feelings. By using descriptive qualitative research methods, it can be seen that Asyiq min Falisthin's poetry is poetry with a romantic flow, this is proven by the presence of romantic elements, namely the content of the poem tells about me who was hit by longing for the country of Palestine, using words that go back to nature, by calling herself "I" shows individualism, telling about how much the author longs and loves her and the suffering of the people of her country due to colonialism, shows primivism, uses elements of sentimentalism by expressing excessive emotions of sadness and depicting life as if it were strange.

Question of Genre: An Approach to Recognitions of Clement as a Work of Romance

One of the earliest Christian texts, Recognitions of Clement has a highly important place within the Western literature. A work with many questions as to its certain date and author, it is often accepted to be written in the third or fourth century by one Clement, most probably Pope Clement I. In terms of genre, too, the work has aroused some suspicions. Although it is generally taken as a novel, it comprises enough elements to be handled as a piece of romance. As one of the basic components of romance, physical and spiritual quest is a core issue in Recognitions. Furthermore, the concept of love, as an element of romance, has a central role in the story. This article aims to bring a new approach to Recognitions of Clement as a work of romance. By displaying its similarities to one of the romances of the time, Apollonius of Tyre, it is meant to prove Recognitions as a romance through the concepts of quest and love.

Romanticism: Manifestations and Motives in Alija Izetbegović’s Islam Between East and West for Ali Ezzat Begovic

Objectives: This study investigates romantic manifestations in Alija Izetbegović's "Islam Between East and West," aiming to comprehend the motives behind its notable presence. The book holds prominent value in intellectual and philosophical literature due to its precise analysis. This research is significant as the first to delve into this aspect.
 Methods: Employing an analytical approach, the study observes and interprets romantic manifestations in the book. Analyzing Izetbegović's sayings and using Western intellectual and philosophical sources, the research explores the intrinsic motives for the romantic elements.
 Results: The study, through the book, reveals prominent aesthetic principles and human values emerging as tools for world change and restoring personal worlds. Emphasizing Izetbegović's romantic manifestations, it highlights their role in igniting spiritual motives and enhancing a humanistic view.
 Conclusions: The research delves into the deep dimensions of romantic manifestations in "Islam Between East and West," moving beyond a common and superficial understanding. It recommends a reevaluation of romance in light of recent studies that reconsider its roots and humanistic principles, aligning with Izetbegović's values. Additionally, the study urges the use of various cognitive contexts for a comparative analytical study of artistic phenomena and their societal impact..

David Lurie and the ‘Disease of Romanticism’: The Transnational and Transcultural Afterlives of Goethe and Kleist in J.M. Coetzee’s Disgrace

My paper studies J.M. Coetzee’s Disgrace (1999) to understand the transnational, transcultural mutations of two key figures of German Romanticism: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Heinrich von Kleist. Coetzee’s novels are reflections and reproductions of his extensive reading of politics and literature; these texts grant the lives and works of old masters a renewal, a re-introspection, and most importantly, a resurrection into contemporaneity. Set in post-apartheid South Africa, Disgrace operates as a site of racial and sexual contentions. Through the character of David Lurie, Coetzee initiates a dialogue between the 'visions' of the former colonizer and the ‘revisions’ of the newly emancipated colonized. While the scholarship on the Romantic element in Disgrace (Beard 2007; Easton 2007; Hawkins 2009; and Cass 2013) is predominantly centred on the afterlife of British Romanticism, more particularly, on the roles Byron and Wordsworth play in shaping plot and action, I attempt to read the novel in the light of Coetzee’s critical prose to understand how he draws upon the German Romantic tradition. If Wordsworth and Byron are evoked to characterize the outer, more conspicuous texture of the novel, then the inner, hidden threads that stitch the form and content together are borrowed from Goethe and Kleist. I argue that Coetzee’s romantic sensibility is as much German as British. These two traditions are brought together in Disgrace to re-enact four major leitmotifs of Romantic literature—desire, transgression, punishment, and finally, salvation—in a transformed political dispensation.

The Middle of the Distance

In the perception of Richard Wagner's Lohengrin and in scholarly discourse on it, the legend associated with the tales of the Knights of the Grail prevails. But the romantic element in opera had a political and even revolutionary meaning for Wagner. The historical layer of the operatic action in Lohengrin draws on the Deeds of the Saxons by Widukind of Corvey and recounts the birth of the Yrst Germanic parish, united by Henry the Fowler, the “Father of the Fatherland” — and the Yrst Germanic emperor. The Romantic generation of German revolutionaries — Wagner's peers and associates — excavated the ancient history of Germany and German mythology from old manuscripts and established it in the minds of the aedgling nation. Lohengrin was the Yrst German opera to give artistic life to the revolutionary and patriotic ideas of the German Renaissance. The peculiarity of the opera lies in the interplay of the original Wagnerian principles of composition with operatic forms of Italian origin. The composer would later cite Johann Sebastian Bach as the ideal example of the “Germanic” in his ludicrous French wig and his fundamentally Italian style. By combining the rhetorical principle directly derived from Bach's music with a variety of German melodic sources from chorales to Romantic songs, Wagner had fully mastered his musical language. This article examines the compositional symmetries, supports, and arches that build the integral structure, new duet forms, and other Yndings that had a continuation in operas aber Lohengrin, as well as the main feature of this work: the combination of lyricism and tragedy, history and myth, which opens the way to countless interpretations of meaning on the modern opera stage.

VOCAL SHASHKEVYCHIANA OF BOHDAN-YURIY YANIVSKYI (FOR THE 180TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE DEATH OF MARKIYAN SHASHKEVYCH)

The article is devoted to the research of the works of Markiyan Shashkevych (1811−1843) – «a true poet with great talent» (Wozniak, 1911, p. 22), whose images and poetics he drew from Ukrainian folk songs. Ukrainian composer Bohdan-Yuriy Yanivskyі (1941−2005), did not miss her attention, creating two vocal masterpieces on the texts of romance. The purpose of the article is to reveal the peculiarities of reading of Markiyan Shashkevychʹs poetry in Bohdan-Yuriy Yanivskyiʹs vocal artefacts, to describe the means of musical expressiveness, their importance in creating an artistic image. Methodology of the research consists in application of musicology approach for implementation of musical and theoretical analysis of vocal works by Bohdan-Yuriy Yanivskyiʹs based on the poems by Markiyan Shashkevych. Scientific novelty. For the first time, two vocal compositions accompanied by a piano («To my darling», «Thought» («The moon dashed in the clear sky…»), the necessity of their introduction into the concert practice, their role in the composerʹs creative heritage are emphasized. Conclusions. Bohdan-Yuriy Yanivskyi has comprehended Markiyan Shashkevychʹs poetry very creatively, interpreting it in a specific way, deepening the meaning, organically combining folk (kolomyjkaʹs) and romance elements with harmonic and rhythmic expressive means of light pop music. The artist brought some naive, sentimental verses of «Galician riser» to the contemporary listener. Vocal Shashkevychiana of Bohdan-Yuriy Yanivskyi takes a worthy place within the artist's compositions. It extends the coordinates of the chamber vocal creativity to words by Markiyan Shashkevych not only in the Ukrainian but also in the Slavic musical scope, confirms a deep understanding of poetry, its subtle composing reading embodied in the musical text.

Female-Oriented Online Literature in China: Gender Reconstruction, the Internet and Consumption

With elements of romance and entertainment, Chinese female-oriented online literature has a considerable readership and has attracted substantial social attention in recent years through film and television adaptations. Taking female-oriented original online literature as the study object, this paper analyses the gender reconstruction and the influence of the internet and commercialization therein. Foucault's theory of power is cited and the analysis is multidimensional and incorporates a specific social context. This paper finds that the awakening of female consciousness is accompanied by a gradual dismantling of gender stereotypes, but that the internet and commercialization hinders gender reconfiguration and placed female subjectivity in imperceptible danger.

“Beauty and the Beast”: Romance, Reform, and Mystery in the Films of Lon Chaney

“Beauty and the Beast”: Romance, Reform, and Mystery in the Films of Lon Chaney

American Romantic Elements in Mark Twain’s The tragedy of Puddn’head Wilson

This Paper mainly focuses on the romantic elements used by Twain in the novel “The tragedy of Puddn’head Wilson”. The major American romantic elements like a life with nature, civilization is corrupt and, social differences due to slavery. All the points are found plenty in the characters in the novel. The protagonists in the novel are suffering one way or the other because of the social structure that breeds slavery. Slavery is the major theme of the novel and its consequences over the people who walk in and around of it. The novel circumambulates slavery and its effect on people. Slavery is supposed to be the outcome of racial supremacy and “society”. This paper is to prove that society breeds slavery and inequality, and corrupts people with its whims and fancies.

Strategie di divulgazione scientifica e nation building nel primo Ottocento

Abstract The history of popular science in early nineteenth-century Italy constitutes a broad but little investigated research field. This article aims to explore the topic from the viewpoint of the pre-unitarian authors who contributed to the growth of this publishing sector. To shed light on the relationship between their narrative strategies and the nation-building process, it focuses on a major case study: the analysis of the role played by unexpected events in several travel memoirs written by Francesco Cusani Confalonieri, a historian, publisher and Lombard patriot (1802–1879). To capture the attention of the reader, and determined to both delight and instruct, the author resorted in two instances to the device of self-narration, based on his travel journals. In 1838, he published „Remembrances of a Trip in Bavaria, Saxony and Prussia“ in a periodical that he had established for young people entitled „Historical and Picturesque Museum for the Youth“. Later, between 1846 and 1847, he printed his first original work, addressed to an adult audience: „Historical and Statistical Memoirs“ of Dalmatia, the Ionian Islands and Greece, countries that he had visited in 1840. By examining the ways in which order and disorder were integrated into these two texts, the study underlines the connection between Cusani’s narrative choices and his cultural objectives, also thanks to research on his personal letters, hitherto untouched. It thus shows that, through the writing process, the unexpected events encountered by the narrator during his trips underwent a transformation: from constitutive aspects of the scientific experience to romantic elements that the writer deemed crucial to earn the favour of his readers and convey to them new historic-geographical knowledge as well as a vision of the world in line with his liberal ideals.

Europa romanza: sette storie linguistiche by Lorenzo Tomasin

Reviewed by: Europa romanza: sette storie linguistiche by Lorenzo Tomasin Alberto Gelmi Europa romanza: sette storie linguistiche. By Lorenzo Tomasin. Turin: Einaudi. 2021. xiv+234 pp. €25. ISBN 978–88–06–24189–6. When it comes to putting erudition and dissemination in dialogue, Lorenzo Tomasin is someone to learn from. His recent Europa romanza builds on his previous and more technical research published in several prestigious journals of Romance linguistics and philology, the author's specialty. In this book, which has caught the attention of non-specialist readers, Tomasin elegantly weaves a fresh narrative that unfolds seven stories of European merchants and their milieu. Using letters, wills, legal reports, private and public documents that juxtapose and even blend two or more vernaculars in just the turn of a paragraph, Tomasin investigates the still understudied phenomenon of multilingual texts. Each chapter opens with a text and the history behind it, often including its archival wanderings. From there, Tomasin tackles wider issues of Romance philology, drawing compelling parallels between the literary and the non-literary domain. Specifically, Europa Romanza consists of seven stories, covering more than two centuries, from the beginning of the fourteenth to the latter half of the sixteenth. Chapter 1 introduces readers to the mercantile writings that form the backbone of the book. Guglielma, the author of the opening text, is a Venetian widow. Her case not only exemplifies the interference between Provençal and her shaky Italian, but also illuminates female literacy in the Middle Ages. In Chapter 2 a legal dispute demonstrates how a non-literary text (a deposition) preserves the original Sicilian to a significantly greater extent than volgarizzamenti from Sicilian to the Tuscan vernacular did regarding courtly poetry roughly at the same time. Chapter 3 focuses on Romania Judaica, i.e. Jewish communities living in the Romance-speaking world. Tomasin surveys the interactions between a Semitic and non-Semitic language and system of writing, looking at the so-called Elegia giudeo-italiana, composed in Italian but in Hebrew script. Chapter 4 presents the fascinating figure of Bartol de Cavalls, a merchant of cheese and a copyist of literary texts. In one letter Bartol complains about his son, employing a language that hovers between Catalan and Italian. This phenomenon is germane and yet distinguished from the sheer alternation of languages that we witness in a troubadour such as Raimbaut de Vacqueiras, in the Carmina Burana collection, or more generally the vast corpus of Franco-Italian literature. Chapter 5 starts with an inspection of Isabelle Hamerton's will, casting light on the Romance element of English: this of course happened mainly via French, but Tomasin insists also on the weight of Italian, thanks to many merchants dispatched to the British Isles and the several teachers active in England, among whom Michelangelo and John Florio. Chapter 6 moves to Switzerland, the limen that separates the Romancesphere from the germanophone world, and looks at teaching tools such as dictionaries and language-learning manuals for merchants who, in the case of German and Romance languages, could not possibly hope for an expedient learning experience by ear only. Finally, Chapter 7 provides additional examples of linguistic interpenetrations in the Germanic area, this time in the music arena. [End Page 504] Tomasin's work is truly interdisciplinary: the author's background in linguistics provides the springboard into larger issues of cultural exchange. The methodological strategy that amplifies the scope of individual case studies is reminiscent of the best lessons from twentieth-century Romance philology: one is especially reminded of Erich Auerbach and Ernst Robert Curtius, whom Tomasin considered at length in his previous book, Il caos e l'ordine: le lingue romanze nella storia della cultura europea (Turin: Einaudi, 2019), of which Europa Romanza is in many ways a continuation. At the same time, Tomasin is here working as a meticulous historian excavating European archives, open to the stimuli of microhistory, especially in his attention to those spaces of hybridity (multilingualism, in this case) that challenge many of our narratives and disciplinary boundaries. By looking mostly at Northern Europe rather than at the Mediterranean (as the author admits), Tomasin inevitably relies on a Germanic vs. Romance divide as constitutive of...

Actualizing the Traits of Romanticism in the Poetic Expressions of John Keats

In many ways, John Keats is the most romantic poet ever. Unlike classical poetry, which seeks to portray social experience, romantic poetry focuses on the total expression of the person. Various romantic poets include political or social commentary in their works. But Keats’ poetry is not a means of conveying any prophecy or message. His poetry is for the sake of poetry. There is no moral, political, or social significance to it. Thus, it is the truest poetry. According to Peter, “the addition of strangeness of beauty” is what gives literature its romantic element. Keats is most romantic in his straightforward quest for beauty, in everything else less so. Deity is beauty, and the truth is beauty in his eyes. His faith is beauty; thus, he will always find joy in things of beauty. He fully loses himself and his surroundings in his search for beauty. Romantic poetry describes the world of dreams rather than reality. In a realm of romance and beauty, the romantic poet looks for an escape from the harsh truths of reality. Insofar as he is the most escapist of all the poets, Keats is the most romantic. In his “Ode to a Nightingale”, the poet contrasts his own misery with the delight of the bird. The defining quality of Romantic poets is sensuality. Keats is primarily a sensualist poet.

Escapism in the Poetry of John Keats and Akhtar Sherani: A Comparative Study

This paper depicts escapism as a romantic element in the poetry of a British English poet John Keats and a Pakistani Urdu poet Akhtar Sherani. Although they belong to different ages, the early 19th century and 20th century respectively, still have many commonalities. This work discusses their selected poems and compares them to find out their similar romantic traits. The selected poetry of Akhtar Sherani is translated into English by the author of this work to prove that both poets have a lively style of expressing their feelings and emotions. This study qualifies the readers to think outside the box and conventional values. It helps to broaden their perceptive horizons and mental realm. This work is also beneficial for those who are critics and analysts of romanticism and have an interest in John Keats and Akhtar Sherani.

Bildungsroman Bağlamında Jane Eyre, Tante Rosa ve Sevgili Arsız Ölüm Adlı Eserlerin Karşılaştırılması

Novelists such as Charlotte Brontë, Sevgi Soysal, and Latife Tekin have carved out
 a literary niche for themselves through their writings. These writers focused mainly on
 women characters mirroring gender restrictions in their milieu. When Brontë’s Jane Eyre
 (1847), Soysal’s Tante Rosa (1968) and Tekin’s Sevgili Arsız Ölüm (1983) are compared
 within the framework of the bildungsroman, they have a lot in common in that they all tell
 the stories of female protagonists from childhood through adulthood. The authors also
 incorporate romantic elements, which are known for elevating subjectivity, childhood,
 imagination and nature. The most notable aspect of these female bildungsromans is that
 the awakening of the female characters to the social roles imposed on them by society
 is provided by the romantic tools. Thus, they acquire self-awareness and a sense of self.
 This study aims to compare the romantic elements in female bildungsromans Jane
 Eyre, Tante Rosa, and Sevgili Arsız Ölüm to show that the female characters in these
 novels gain self-development during their journeys from childhood to maturity. As the
 novels are written in different periods and societies, the effect of different cultural codes on the formation of women’s social roles and how women are represented in the novels
 are also discussed.

La perpetuación de la problemática racial con el uso del romance interracial como intertexto metafórico entre la novela Sab y la telenovela La esclava blanca

This article compares the interracial romance between a mulato man and a white woman that is central to the plot of the 2016 Colombian telenovela La esclava blanca with the one present in Sab (1841), written by Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda and usually considered the first antislavery novel written in Spanish. It argues that La esclava seeks to create collective imaginaries in which viewers recognize themselves and their aspirations. Furthermore, borrowing from Doris Sommer’s proposal that literary romances can serve as metaphors for nations, the article makes a case that La esclava repeats some of the romance elements of Sab in order to denounce slavery, establish a parallel between the condition of enslavement of Afrodescendants and women, and propose the need for a more inclusive family/nation. The telenovela also incorporates new messages of racial equality in an effort to allow modern-day national and international Afro audiences to recognize themselves in the telenovela. However, ultimately the telenovela neutralizes the racial messages that could be perceived as threatening to white audiences in order to attract the widest audience possible and, in doing so, proposes a problematic reconstruction that privileges white people in the historical memory of abolition in Colombia.

Evanescence of life and maturing to loneliness. Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz’s short prose forms

The article discusses the passing of time and maturing to loneliness, i.e. the philosophical dimensions of existence in Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz’s short prose forms. The influences of Nietzsche’s role of instincts and the pathos of human existence in time, Schopenhauer’s antinomy of human personality, Oskar’s Wilde’s aesthetics with a modernist simplified romantic element and at the same time biological fullness of life, metaphysical anxiety and dionysianness were indicated. The author’s search is accompanied by the conviction that loneliness is inevitable. Realizing this inevitability is adulthood. Attention was also paid to the role of irony in Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz’s short prose forms and its connections with the specific understanding of irony by Cyprian Kamil Norwid, which actually make up the whole philosophy.

The cultural evolution of love in literary history

Since the late nineteenth century, cultural historians have noted that the importance of love increased during the Medieval and Early Modern European period (a phenomenon that was once referred to as the emergence of 'courtly love'). However, more recent works have shown a similar increase in Chinese, Arabic, Persian, Indian and Japanese cultures. Why such a convergent evolution in very different cultures? Using qualitative and quantitative approaches, we leverage literary history and build a database of ancient literary fiction for 19 geographical areas and 77 historical periods covering 3,800 years, from the Middle Bronze Age to the Early Modern period. We first confirm that romantic elements have increased in Eurasian literary fiction over the past millennium, and that similar increases also occurred earlier, in Ancient Greece, Rome and Classical India. We then explore the ecological determinants of this increase. Consistent with hypotheses from cultural history and behavioural ecology, we show that a higher level of economic development is strongly associated with a greater incidence of love in narrative fiction (our proxy for the importance of love in a culture). To further test the causal role of economic development, we used a difference-in-difference method that exploits exogenous regional variations in economic development resulting from the adoption of the heavy plough in medieval Europe. Finally, we used probabilistic generative models to reconstruct the latent evolution of love and to assess the respective role of cultural diffusion and economic development.