Role Of Sociocultural Factors Research Articles

The role of sociocultural factors on alcohol self-efficacy and protective drinking behaviors among Hispanic/Latinx young adults

ABSTRACT Objectives Hispanic/Latinx drinkers have been found to experience more adverse alcohol-related consequences than any other racial/ethnic group. Due to this, researchers have looked at the connection between drinking and cultural factors, alongside discrimination, to further analyze what sociocultural factors lead to negative outcomes when drinking. Design Researchers used a sample of Hispanic/Latinx young adult drinkers (n = 710) with an average age of 22.43 (SD = 6.69), recruited through social media and assessed on several factors, including protective behavioral strategies (PBS), alcohol use severity, bicultural self-efficacy, discrimination, acculturation, and enculturation. Results Utilizing an observed variable path analysis, results showed perceived discrimination to have a significant effect on all variables in the model (bicultural self-efficacy, acculturation, enculturation, PBS self-efficacy, PBS use, and alcohol use severity). Acculturation was positively associated with PBS self-efficacy, while enculturation was positively associated with PBS use. PBS self-efficacy was positively correlated with PBS use and negatively associated with alcohol use severity. There was a significant total indirect effect from perceived discrimination to alcohol use severity through various paths (i.e. PBS self-efficacy, acculturation, and bicultural self-efficacy), with the strongest path to occur through PBS self-efficacy. Conclusions Findings showcase the risk and protective effects of various sociocultural factors on drinking behaviors among young adults. PBS self-efficacy was found to have robust protective effects against alcohol use severity. Future research should continue to investigate these sociocultural and behavioral factors in order to develop efforts to mitigate hazardous alcohol use among Hispanic/Latinx young adult drinkers.

Influence of sociocultural institutions on the socioeconomic development of society in the era of post-industrialism

Methods. The results were obtained through the use of methods: logical and historical – when studying the process of evolution of theoretical views on the role of sociocultural factors in the process of absorbing knowledge; the method of classifications – when distinguishing the main approaches to determining the main sociocultural factors affecting the process of knowledge transfer and assimilation; general and specific – when establishing the similarities and differences in the existing approaches regarding the decisive socio-cultural factors influencing the success of the knowledge acquisition process. Results. It has been proven that the process of knowledge acquisition and transfer at the company level and at the individual level, depending on national characteristics, is influenced by some other socio-cultural factors that the company can control. It has been established that in modern scientific literature there is no unified approach to determining the decisive socio-cultural factors that positively or negatively affect the process of knowledge acquisition. Among such factors, scientists point out experience, motivation, social connections and social capital, cultural diversity, continuity of learning, trust, openness to change, etc. Such a variety of approaches gives rise to the need to study all the indicated socio-cultural factors of influence on the success of knowledge acquisition in their unity and interrelationship. Novelty. It has been proven that the success of the acquisition process at the company level depends on the ability, desire, and success of knowledge transfer. The ability to acquire knowledge depends on the intellectual level, level of education, experience, and skills of the subject absorbing knowledge; the desire to acquire knowledge depends on motivation, incentives and interest, openness to knowledge, awareness of the value of knowledge, a culture of knowledge; the success of knowledge transfer depends on the effectiveness of learning methods that shape the culture of learning, organizational procedures of knowledge transfer, successful communications, distance, duration of relationships, cooperation, shared beliefs, social ties and social exchange, social integration based on trust, and also on those social filters that a person receiving knowledge puts between himself and knowledge. Practical value. Awareness of the above-mentioned factors can provide an understanding of the complex dynamics that shape the perception of knowledge at the country level and the level of the organization. It is important to recognize the multifacetedness of these influences, how they interact with each other, as well as the vector and extent of these influences, which can be considered a direction for further research.

The role of socio-cultural factors in influencing the lip size preferences and the hyaluronic acid augmentation

The role of socio-cultural factors in influencing the lip size preferences and the hyaluronic acid augmentation

Death Anxiety among Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Implications for Nursing Practice

Death anxiety is a worldwide phenomenon among diverse populations, including older adults. However, few studies were located in a literature review that examined how the Covid-19 pandemic influenced the perception of death anxiety among the older adult population. Therefore, the purpose of this scoping review article is two-fold: (1) to provide an introductory discussion, based on the literature, regarding how the Covid-19 pandemic and its precautionary measurements provoke death anxiety, including its sub-category of predatory death anxiety, among older adults; and (2) to identify non-pharmacological interventions specific to death anxiety management for gerontological nurses to use during the Covid-19 pandemic or similar pandemics in the future. An intended outcome of this discussion paper is an enhanced understanding of ways to provide effective psychological care to older adults. The focus of discussion includes: the role of sociocultural factors, predatory death anxiety and Terror Management Theory, salient nursing assessment parameters and non-pharmacological interventions to address death anxiety among this population of older adults. In conclusion, gerontological nurses need to demonstrate evidence-based practice taking into consideration their own definition and perceptions of death, the reasons for their beliefs, and the cultural, situational, and spiritual context, in which they practice.

“It is ok to be interrupted; it is my job” – perceptions on technology-mediated work-life boundary experiences; a sociomaterial analysis

PurposeThis study aims to explore how and why employees perceive technology-mediated interruptions differently and the role of sociocultural factors in this process using sociomaterial analysis.Design/methodology/approachData were gathered from 34 Sri Lankan knowledge workers using a series of workshop-based activities. The concept of sociomateriality is employed to understand how sociocultural elements are entangled with technology in work-life boundary experiences.FindingsThe findings of the thematic analyses suggest how culture is intertwined in the way employees perceive technology-mediated interruptions and how they manage information communication technologies (ICTs) to balance their work and nonwork demands. Participants have been unable to avoid technology-mediated boundary interruptions from work, as organisations have created norms to keep employees connected to organisations using information communication technologies. Traditional gender roles are specifically found to be entangled in employees' boundary management practices, disadvantaging women more.Practical implicationsThe findings highlight how national culture and gender norms create challenging work-life experiences for female employees than males. This could create a disadvantageous position for female employees in their career progression. It is crucial to consider factors such as boundary preferences and family concerns when deciding on family-friendly work policies. Also, organisations have to consider the development of explicit guidelines on after-hours communication expectations.Originality/valueUsing the lens of sociomateriality, researchers can understand the contextual entanglement of ICTs with national culture and gender norms in creating different work-life boundary experiences. It seems ICTs are creating a disadvantage for female employees when managing work–nonwork boundaries, especially in power distant and collectivist cultures where traditional gender norms are highly valued and largely upheld. This study also contributes to the current discourse on work-life boundaries by providing insights from non-western perspectives.

Social imaginary of a literary technique: About dynamics of transitivity in Russian literature of the late 19th century (Dostoevsky, Garshin, Chekhov)

This article discusses the problems we face while describing transition periods. I analyze various approaches to the phenomenon of transition and criteria used for their identification. I suggest that we should pay more attention to internal substance of transition process than the role of sociocultural factors or external features which reflect changes in literature. The problems are discussed using the texts by Dostoevsky, Garshin and Chekhov who represent in many respects transitional epoch of the late 19th century. Chronologically, their oeuvres belong to adjacent periods, and so it is possible to trace the changes as a process but not as a set of typological attributes. The comparative analysis is focused on the motive of response as the generalized literary technique, and differences in its use demonstrate transformations of various zones of the literary field — from author’s intention and reader’s reception to the techniques of the creation of narration. For all three Russian writers, the search of “new ways” and strategic decisions are connected with readers’ activity, although each of them understands it in his own way. Dostoevsky and Garshin believe that literature should recover social consensus, and the response plays the principal role here. For Chekhov, response ceased to be a goal. In his system, response is a constant critical defamiliarization of any point of view and gives way to a new type of social interaction. As a result, such features of transition as historical assessment and prognosis are fully expressed in Chekhov’s literary system.

A PROPOSED FRAMEWORK ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORK FAMILY ENRICHMENT AND SATISFACTION: MODERATING ROLE OF SOCIO-CULTURAL FACTORS IN BORNEO’S OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY EMPLOYEES

The work environment of the offshore platform is unique as such employees live and work in the same confined area surrounded by nothing but the uncertain ocean. Due to the challenging and stressful working environment, oil and gas industry employees in Malaysia and especially in Borneo are facing critical work family enrichment and satisfaction issues. Therefore, it is imperative to investigate the family work enrichment and satisfaction especially among employees in oil and gas industrial context. The main objective of this paper is to propose a framework on the relationships between work family enrichment factors (capital, affect and development) and satisfaction (job and family satisfaction) and the moderating role of socio-cultural factors (monocronic-polycronic time orientation and gender role ideology) among oil and gas industry employees in Bornoe. Thus, it might be recommended that the organization and management should enhance the job and family satisfaction related to work family enrichment and the skills of employer and supervisors to play effective key role in increasing socio-cultural environments in the organization which could affect employees' overall satisfaction.
 
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Fertility Decrease and Son Preference Among the Educated Middle-Class in Kathmandu

The aim of this research article is to explore the persistence of single child especially the son preference in a Hindu dominated patrilineal, patrilocal society found in Kathmandu is facing the midst of fertility decline. Using semi-structured interview schedule with the help of observation and ethnographic field work mostly in middle class families of Kathmandu, I have tried to analyze the role of socio-cultural factors in selecting the number of baby conceiving and give birth, gender of child etc. regarding reproductive health and concern were questioned to married women and which remained intact. Fertility decrease or increase is not due to the only the demographic factors, it is due to the multiple factors; social factors, cultural, ecological, economic, religious and psychological, political etc. that’s why, due to various reasons fertility is decreasing day by day in one hand and in other hand son preference is increasing day by day. People usually working couple do not want more than single child and they want to give birth a single son. It impacts on population composition, sex ration, increase abortion, familial quarrel etc. Son preference is because of multiple reasons; economic, religious, cultural, social, political familial, lineage system, customs, norms values, attitudes etc.

Aging with HIV in Latin America and the Caribbean: a Systematic Review.

With the establishment of antiretroviral treatment (ART) programs in low- and middle-income countries, people with HIV (PWH) in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) are living longer, subsequently developing chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Few studies focus on the impact of aging among older LAC PWH. This systematic review aims to fill this information gap and understand the burden of aging with HIV in LAC. We identified peer-reviewed literature published in English, Spanish, or Portuguese from several databases to assess currently available evidence on the burden of aging with HIV in LAC and selected six common NCDs found in older PWH (cardiovascular disease [CVD], bone and musculoskeletal [MSK] disorders, cancer, renal disease, neurocognitive impairment [NCI], and depression). Of the 5942 publications reviewed, only 53 articles were found with populations 40years and older or age-related findings (27 CVD, 13 NCI or depression, 6 MSK disorders, 4 renal disease, 3 cancer). Most (79%) publications were from Brazil with few longitudinal studies on aging with HIV. Prevalence of illnesses such as CVD, NCI, depression, or osteoporosis varied widely depending on the screening instrument utilized and geographic population surveyed. Age was a significant predictor of comorbidity in nearly all studies. Our results demonstrate the need for longitudinal studies and validated screening instruments appropriate for use among PWH in LAC. Understanding the mechanisms behind aging in HIV and the roles of sociocultural factors and genetic diversity specific to LAC is needed to appropriately manage chronic comorbidities as PWH age.

P.153 Autism spectrum traits in patients with eating disorder

The dual pathway model is a widely accepted model of binge eating that focuses on the role of sociocultural factors, negative affect, and dietary restraint. However, less is known about demographic (e.g., gender and ethnicity) differences in the model and the role of other variables in the model. To further our understanding of the dual pathway model of binge eating, the current study examined the role of demographics (i.e., gender, race, BMI, parental education and obesity), impulsivity, and food-related cognitions in the dual pathway model. A sample of college students completed a battery of measures. Multi-group structural equation modeling was used to evaluate the dual pathway model separately for men and women. Results supported the dual pathway model of binge eating among men and women, and also supported food-related cognitions as an important variable prior to binge eating. In other words, body shame was associated with more dietary restraint and negative affect, and in turn, dietary restraint and negative affect were associated with increased negative food-related cognitions. Then, food-related cognitions predicted binge eating. Additionally impulsivity was related to body shame, negative affect, and food-related cognitions, but was unrelated to binge eating after controlling for the other variables. Racial differences existed among women in BMI and body shame, but there were no racial differences among men. Our results suggest that the dual pathway model adequately explains binge eating among men and women, but that food-related cognitions may be an imporant anteceden to binge eating.

Digital Resilience Tactics of Syrian Refugees in the Netherlands: Social Media for Social Support, Health, and Identity

The process of adjusting to a new country may carry important stressors for refugees. In the light of neoliberal policies, refugees are expected to become resilient in a local arrival infrastructure and perform a specific subjectivity based on gratefulness, adaptability, and digital sensitivity to successfully integrate. Drawing on a qualitative, in-depth case study with Syrians living in the Netherlands, this article explores the impact of the retreat of the welfare state and unfolding digital transitions on resilience tactics of marginalized people like refugees. While recognizing the systemic violence and historic trauma many refugees have experienced, we focus on how refugees are expected to and develop ways to become resilient. Three digital resilience tactics are discussed: digital social support, digital health, and digital identities. Social support was mainly sought from family, friends, organizations, and social media platforms, whereas refugees’ engagement in meaningful digital practices aimed at fostering health promotion and identity management. Our fieldwork resurfaces paradoxes of digital resilience as described by careful emotional digital labor refugees engage in when communicating with families, the role of socio-cultural factors in shaping refugees’ ICT (information and communication technology) adoption and use for health support, and negotiation of different and conflicting identity axes online. Finally, our study provides some insights into the implementation of more effective online and offline practices in the context of social and health support by host countries.

The Role of Socio-Cultural Factors in Teaching Students a Minority Language

The article addresses the problems concerned with teaching minority languages in the regions of Russia and the Gagauz Autonomy in the Republic of Moldova. The authors analyze sociocultural factors exerting motivating and demotivating influence on the use of regional languages. The results of a survey conducted in Komrat State University have shown that the Gagauz language does not fully cater to the social, intellectual and personal needs of the younger generation. Along with that, the socio-cultural component of university curricula serves as a motivating factor, promotes interest in learning a minority language and contributes to building linguo-cultural and national identity.

Attitudinal Determinants of diet and lifestyle among African and Caribbean women living in the UK : study design and rationale

The aim of this article is to describe the rationale and design of a cross-sectional study that investigated the influence of attitudinal factors on diet and lifestyle of African and Caribbean women living in the UK. The results of the study will be presented elsewhere. African and Caribbean women are at high risk of obesity which exacerbates health inequalities. In the UK, little work has been carried out to better understand attitudinal factors that contribute towards obesity, lifestyle and health practice amongst this group.
 Methods: The study applied a comprehensive questionnaire to capture socio-demographic data and explore general attitudes towards diet and lifestyle of African and Caribbean women. Dietary data were collected using triple-pass 24-hour recalls. In addition, all participants had anthropometric measures, blood pressure and biochemical indices assessed using standardised methods.
 Discussion: Potential strengths and limitations of the current study design, exploring health, diet, and lifestyle habits and the contextual influence on these practices among African and Caribbean in the UK are discussed. Findings from this study will contribute to the understanding of food and health practices, the role of socio-cultural factors and potential barriers and facilitators to the adoption of a healthy lifestyle, which could reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, obesity, and type 2 diabetes, all of which have increased prevalence in these communities

Prospective associations between depressive symptoms and marital satisfaction in Black couples.

Associations between depressive symptoms and relationship distress are well-established, but little is known about these linkages among Black couples, or about the role of sociocultural factors in these processes. In this study, we applied a dyadic analytic approach, Actor-Partner Interdependence Modeling (APIM), to address 2 goals: to assess the prospective, bidirectional associations between depressive symptoms and marital satisfaction over a 1-year period in a racially homogenous sample of 168 heterosexual Black couples, and to explore whether these associations were moderated by husbands' and wives' experiences of racial discrimination and/or the centrality of race in their personal identities. Findings revealed that depressive symptoms predicted relative declines in marital satisfaction reported by both self and partner for both husbands and wives. Moderation analyses indicated that, when wives reported greater racial centrality, their depressive symptoms predicted relative declines in husbands' marital satisfaction. In contrast, when wives reported lower racial centrality, their depressive symptoms were not associated with husbands' satisfaction. Together, the findings highlight the interdependence between spouses' mental health and relationship satisfaction and the role of sociocultural factors in these linkages. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

Overweight and obesity among under-five children in South Asia

ABSTRACT In parallel with high prevalence of undernutrition, the low-middle-income countries like those in South Asia are experiencing an increasing burden of overweight and obesity among under-five children. The present study aims to measure the prevalence of overweight and obesity and their sociodemographic correlates among under-five children in selected South Asian countries. Methods Cross-sectional data on 132,231 mother-child pairs were extracted from Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in Bangladesh (2014), India (2015–16), Maldives (2016–17), Nepal (2016) and Pakistan (2017–18). Singleton children aged 6 to 59 months regardless of breastfeeding status were included in the analysis. Childhood overweight (>2 SD) and obesity (>3 SD) were measured by BMI z-Scores using WHO guidelines for reference population. Generalised linear models (binomial family) were used to analyse the risk ratios of having overweight/obesity. Results The overall prevalence of overweight and obese children was 1.91% and 0.89%, respectively, with the prevalence being highest in Maldives (3.9% and 1.5%, respectively) and lowest in Nepal (1.2% and 0.2%, respectively). Child’s dietary diversity, maternal BMI and education, and household wealth status were significantly associated with childhood overweight/obesity. Having adequate dietary diversity increased the risk of overweight/obesity by 27% [RR = 1.27, 95%CI = 1.13,1.42]. Children whose mothers had normal [RR = 1.81, 95%CI = 1.62,2.03], overweight [RR = 1.99, 95%CI = 1.71,2.31] and obesity [RR = 1.88, 95%CI = 1.48,2.40] had higher risks of having overweight/obesity. Children from households that ranked higher in the wealth quintile also had a higher risk of having overweight/obesity. Conclusion The prevalence of overweight and obesity among under-five children in South Asian countries is relatively low compared with that in high-income countries. There exists important sociodemographic pattern in the distribution of childhood overweight/obesity across the countries, signifying the role of socio-cultural factors in the epidemiology of overnutrition in this population.

Progress in psycho-oncology with special reference to developing countries.

Psycho-oncology has completed 25 years. There is growing recognition of the psychosocial needs of persons living with cancer and the role of sociocultural factors in addressing the needs. This review addresses the research in developing countries relating to distress associated with living with cancer and psychosocial care. There is growing recognition of the emotional needs, understanding of the sociocultural aspects of the emotional responses of persons, caregivers, role of resilience and posttraumatic growth and spirituality in cancer care. Psychosocial aspects of cancer are largely influenced by social, economic, cultural, religious and health systems. A number of innovative approaches to care like use of yoga, financial and material support and involvement of caregivers have been implemented. A positive development is the increasing professional attention to document and develop innovative care programmes. A significant proportion of the general population are living with cancer. There are significant psychosocial needs largely influenced by social, economic, cultural, religious aspects of the communities. There are a wide range of interventions from self-care to professional care to address the needs. In developing countries, there is need for longitudinal studies of psycho-social experiences, develop interventions that are culturally appropriate, along with enhanced use of information technology along with evaluation of interventions.

A Study on Gender Preferences and its Sociocultural aspects among Married Women (18-45years) in Rural Gurugram

INTRODUCTION: Declining sex ratio is a major concern worldwide, especially in a developing country like India. The role of sociocultural factors in gender preference is known since ages. The skewed sex ratio in India is attributed to selective female feticides and misuse of technological advancements. This also has a strong influence on contraceptive acceptance among couples.
 OBJECTIVES: The present study was conducted to explore the contraceptive use, gender preferences and its determinants among married women in rural Gurgaon.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among married women (18-45years) residing in the rural field practice area of SGT medical college and hospital, Gurugram. The sample size was found to be 400. Systematic random sampling technique was used to recruit the study participants. Pre- tested, pre-designed questionnaire was used for data collection.
 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Among 400 married women, current contraceptive usage among study population was found to be 58.25%. The most common method of contraception used by the study subjects was intrauterine contraceptive device. The preference for male child was found among 49.5% women. The reasons cited for such preference were propagation of family name (48.2%), financial dependability in the old age (34%), social responsibilities are carried out by males (25.3%) and males are lesser economic liability (31%). Lower age group of mother, nulliparity, Hindu religion, lower educational status and lower socioeconomic status were found to be the determinants of male child preference in the present study.
 CONCLUSION: There is need of awareness and education amongst women and both the genders deserve equal respect without any preferences.

Exploring racial–ethnic pride and perceived barriers in positive youth development: A latent profile analysis

This study sought to identify profiles of positive youth development (PYD) integrating racial–ethnic factors, specifically racial–ethnic pride and perceived racial–ethnic barriers in a sample of African American (77%) and Latino (23%) children (N = 234, Mean age = 8). Using a latent profile analysis, we found three profiles: The High PYD, Proud, & Optimistic (High PYD, racial–ethnic pride, and low perceived racial–ethnic barriers), the High PYD, Proud, & Aware (high PYD, pride, and perceived barriers), and the Low PYD and Disconnected (low PYD, pride, and high barriers). The Optimistic profile exhibited fewer overall adjustment problems and higher standardized achievement at Time 2 than both the Aware and the Disconnected profiles. The Aware and the Disconnected showed similar adjustments. This study highlights the critical role of helping youth to feel competent, caring, connected, and proud, which further supports the role of sociocultural factors in the PYD of African American and Latino children.

Interaction with Reality in the Problems of Transformation of the Life Path of the Individual

This study features the relationship between the interaction of the individual with reality and the transformation of one’s life. The analysis and synthesis of domestic and foreign theoretical concepts allowed the authors to identify two key aspects of interaction with reality, which determine the constructive and destructive vector of life transformations. The development of personality and constructive changes in one’s life path are associated with the restructuring of reality on the basis of selective, selective, free choice, balance of openness/closeness and inclusion/distancing. This interaction results in an expansion of capabilities and adaptive resources of the individual. Situations of violation of psychological security and subjective comfort of the personal system, and threats to the Self of the individual distort the interaction with reality through the activation of psychological defense mechanisms. Dysfunctionality and scarcity of psychological defense mechanisms determine the preservation of the current life situation, personality stagnation, or regression and decay. The paper describes the role of socio-cultural factors in the process of distorted perception and interaction with reality. The results can be used for psychological and pedagogical support.

The Role of Sociocultural Factors in Student Achievement Motivation: A Cross-Cultural Review

Motivation is an essential determinant of academic learning, educational choices, and career decisions during adolescence and early adulthood. While achievement motivation has been widely studied across Western populations, recent work has emphasized the importance of examining the universality versus cultural specificity of motivation constructs across countries or diverse cultures. This article is a systematic review of the current discourse surrounding developmental and gender differences in student motivation in the disciplines of mathematics and English, offering comparisons of how these patterns are deployed within Western and East Asian countries. Guided by expectancy–value theory, this review focuses on ability self-concept and task values as two prominent motivational constructs. The authors first examine age and gender differences in the development of ability self-concept and task values among those from Western and East Asian countries from primary school to secondary school. Next, the sociocultural and contextual factors driving developmental and gender differences in motivation are discussed. The article concludes by summarizing the limitations of existing literature and suggesting new lines of inquiry to advance knowledge in cross-cultural studies on student achievement motivation.