Role Of Social Groups Research Articles

The Social Context Of Hadith History From The Perspective Of Hadith Sociology

This study aims to understand the role of social interaction in the history of hadith transmission and understanding in Islamic societies. This study is often called the sociology of hadith. The sociology of hadith involves the study of social relationships, social structures, and social dynamics that influence the collection, transmission, and interpretation of hadith. The research method used is a literature study approach by collecting and analyzing various relevant sources including books, articles, and related research. The research involved exploring the sociological aspects of the hadith tradition such as the social factors that influence the transmission of hadith, the role of social groups in the interpretation of hadith, and the social dynamics in the establishment of hadith authority. The results show that the sociology of hadith plays an important role in understanding the complex social relationships involved in the transmission and understanding of hadith. Factors such as social, cultural, political and economic contexts play a role in influencing the interpretation and reception of hadith by the people. In addition, social groups such as scholars, lay people and religious institutions also play a significant role in shaping the authority of the hadith and determining its influence in society. This study also reveals the importance of the sociological study of hadith in the context of social change and the development of modern society. Social change, globalization and the challenges of the times affect how hadith are understood, accepted and applied in daily life. Therefore, this study focused on how the sociology of hadith approach can provide valuable insights in facing these challenges. In conclusion, an understanding of the sociology of hadith is essential in understanding the social dynamics of the hadith tradition. This study contributes to broadening the academic horizon on the role of social interaction in the transmission and understanding of hadith as well as providing a more comprehensive understanding of the social complexities involved in the hadith tradition.

Chinese Migrants as a Social Group in Socio-Humanitarian Knowledge: Theory and Practice

The modern world is characterized by dynamism, changing social, economic, and political realities. Migration is becoming one of the phenomena developing rapidly due to new forms of communication, digital ways of transmitting information and interaction. The result of migration processes is the creation of social groups of migrants in the host country, which perform the functions of ensuring the adaptation of their members in a new social space for them. In this regard, the theoretical study of migrants as a social group, the description of the functional characteristics of Chinese migrants as a social group is relevant. The purpose of the article is to identify in scientific concepts and social reality the main characteristics and functions of migrants as a social group, to highlight the system-forming features of the social group of Chinese migrants. In the article, social groups are considered as associations of people interacting with each other in the course of their life on the basis of tional and innovative values, norms and rules of behavior, associations of people performing certain functions in society. As a result of the conducted research, the system-forming features of the social group of Chinese migrants are identified, including interaction, consideration of oneself as a member of this social group, development of norms and rules of behavior, common goals and objectives of activity, etc. The study showed that the social groups of Chinese migrants mean diasporas, social communities, enclaves. The theoretical analysis of the social group allows us to conclude that there is no unified understanding of the concept of “social group” in the scientific literature. This is determined by the dynamism of the social reality itself, which makes certain adjustments to the research of the social group, as well as by the constant change in the role of social groups in the space of their life activity

The retardation of psychosexual development and its impact on man's sexual life and sexual identity: a clinical case

Disorders in the process of normal mental and sexual development in childhood and adolescence named retardation of psychosexual development is a result of improper sexual education, traditional and strict family education that ultimately leads to a deep deformation of personality. All of the above-mentioned harm sexual function and the sexual identity formation process that's demonstrated in our clinical case. The 27-year-old man with complaints about the ED had to stop conducting sexual intercourse for the last two years. In adolescence, he was self-satisfied with his alpha role in social groups, but this position was destroyed after beginning puberty when his peer's sexual maturation began earlier than his. First masturbation he had only at age 16. The first two attempts of sexual intercourse were unsuccessful. Afterward, during three years he had oral sexual intercourse with homosexual partners only. After three years he had his first successful try of vaginal intercourse. From this time he had the long phase of heterosexual hyperactivity and, but after one-year serious problems with erection had begun. The patient was consulted with a sexologist and psychiatrist. He also was referred to the psychology team for a psycho-diagnostic examination. Several questionnaires including MMPI-I mini-multi and Leonhard- Smishek questionnaires were used. Then the patient was undergoing a combined treatment of psychotherapy and oral therapy of ED by PDE 5 inhibitors together with treatment of anxiety disorder, depression, and paranoid syndrome. After one month, this man conducted the first, during the last two years, successful sexual intercourse. At the moment he has been undergoing supportive therapy. According to this clinical case is clear that without correct sexual development in adolescence and natural formation of sexual identity, it is impossible to keep mental and sexual health in men. There is no conflict of interest.

Meu corpo, suas regras? Reflexões sobre grupos de referência e sacrifício percebido pelo consumidor fitness

Abstract In this article, we aim to understand the involvement of reference groups in the sacrifice perceived by the fitness consumer. We analyze the group typologies involved in this sacrificial process, their modes of influence, the impact exerted, the social identity offered, and the roles of social groups in the (re)construction and maintenance of the sacrificial perception of the fitness consumer. The study is based on two theories from Social Psychology: Social Impact Theory and Social Identity Theory. Data construction was carried out through personal episodic interviews, and the content was analyzed using Thematic Analysis. We identified that reference groups influence normatively and informatively the painful and congenial spheres of sacrifice performed by the consumer, exercising social roles that contribute to the sacrificial action to occur, remain, or not practiced, encouraging (the encourager) or inhibiting (the inhibitor), educating (the educator) or confronting (the confronter) the fitness subject, helping in the formation of social identity. We recognize that individuals can develop mobility and social creativity strategies in their communities, demonstrating that the social impact is changeable and that groups are permeable. Finally, we recognize that groups can be typified beyond the categories of affiliation, aspiration, and avoidance, identifying, in this research, a fourth unpublished grouping called the prescription group. Thus, the article contributes to the development of research that departs from the social to the individual sphere, aiming at understanding the consumer from their context and relationships.

Interplay between subjective norm, emotions, and purchase intention towards foreign brands: Evidence from Vietnam

Understanding the mechanisms through which social groups impact consumers’ purchase decisions is of particular interest to scholars and practitioners. The purpose of this study is to contribute to the cognitive-affective model by examining the roles of the subjective norm and its contingency factors in the cognitive-affective model and the indigenous consumers’ purchase intention towards a foreign footwear brand. The validity of the model is tested using data collected from 257 Vietnamese consumers. The results of PLS-SEM and SPSS Macro PROCESS reveal that subjective norm positively influences the emotional value (β = 0.219, p = 0.002) and perceived quality (β = 0.239, p = 0.000) for the foreign brand. In addition, face consciousness positively moderates the indirect effects of subjective norm on purchase intention through emotional value (β = 0.08; LLCI = 0.02; ULCI = 0.13) while the moderating effect of perceived behavioral control is significantly negative (β = –0.1074; LLCI = -0.182; ULCI = –0.05). In conclusion, this study can offer insight into the roles of social groups and their contingency factors in the cognitive-affective model and purchase intention. On this ground, managers of foreign brands are advised to focus on the impacts of social groups in their marketing campaigns, together with underlining the social status and superbness of their offerings to attract new consumers. Acknowledgment We would like to thank the University of Finance-Marketing for their funding.

The realization of aesthetic education value in college music education

Colleges and universities are important positions to cultivate high-quality talents, we should pay attention to enhance the level of aesthetic education through music education, promote the all-round development of students. Music education has a unique function of aesthetic education, which plays a great role in social groups, individual audience, tradition inheritance and civilization exchange. We should improve the form of music education and enrich the content of music education to realize the high unity of music education and aesthetic education. Music education in colleges and universities should continue to deepen educational reform, improve educational content and update educational ideas.

Peranan Kelompok Sosial Dalam Membentuk Perilaku Keagamaan Santri SMP Pondok Pesantren Muhammadiyah Boarding School Sleman Yogyakarta

<p><em>This research amis to obtain information on: (1) Students’ interaction in social groups, (2) roles of social groups in shaping students’ religious behaviour at SMP (Junior High School) MBS Sleman Yogyakarta, (3) students’ religious behaviour resulted from the roles of social groups in shaping their behaviour.</em></p><p><em>This research is a descriptive qualitative study conducted at SMP Muhammadiyah Boarding School Sleman Yogyakarta. The data Wet collected using observation, interview, and documentation.</em></p><p><em>The dinding show that: (1) The interaction of nasheed group is divided into and invovelment stage.the interaction among internal and external members have been included in the contact (introduction) stage, while the involvement stage is only found in the interaction of internal nasheed group. (2) The role among nasheed members, in addition to their roles in improving their singing ability, are also used to facilitate them in improving their spirit of spirituality through organized religious agenda. (3) The nasheed group gives positive impacts to its members in some dimensional namely faith, worship, and practice. The positive impacts in religious dimension for its members are found in their mental and mind development, emotion development, social consideration, moral development as well as attitudde and interest Development. </em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords: Social Group, Religious Behaviour, Students </em></strong></p>

Groups and individuals: conformity and diversity in the performance of gendered identities.

The nature and role of social groups is a central tension in sociology. On the one hand, the idea of a group enables sociologists to locate and describe individuals in terms of characteristics that are shared with others. On the other, emphasizing the fluidity of categories such as gender or ethnicity undermines their legitimacy as ways of classifying people and, by extension, the legitimacy of categorization as a goal of sociological research. In this paper, we use a new research method known as the Imitation Game to defend the social group as a sociological concept. We show that, despite the diversity of practices that may be consistent with self-identified membership of a group, there are also shared normative expectations - typically narrower in nature than the diversity displayed by individual group members - that shape the ways in which category membership can be discussed with, and performed to, others. Two claims follow from this. First, the Imitation Game provides a way of simultaneously revealing both the diversity and 'groupishness' of social groups. Second, that the social group, in the quasi-Durkheimian sense of something that transcends the individual, remains an important concept for sociology.

Academic and non-academic predictors of student psychological distress: the role of social identity and loneliness

Background: University students experience high rates of stress and mental illness; however, few studies have comprehensively examined the impact of academic and non-academic stressors on student mental health. Similarly, there has been little focus on the role of social groups in protecting against mental distress in this young adult group.Aim: To identify the key social determinants of mental health symptoms in a student population.Methods: Using an online survey, we administered measures of social connectedness and mental health symptoms alongside academic and non-academic stressors to a large sample of UK university students.Results: Loneliness was the strongest overall predictor of mental distress, while assessment stress was the most important academic predictor. Strong identification with university friendship groups was most protective against distress relative to other social identities, and the beneficial impact of identification on symptoms was mediated by reduced loneliness.Conclusions: The study highlights the benefits of establishing strong social connections at university and the importance of minimising stress associated with assessment tasks.

Role of Social Groups and Classes in the Islamic Revolution of Iran

The main objective of the paper is to study the role of social groups and classes and their alliance in the Islamic Revolution. The methodology used in this study is the qualitative document analysis. The results showed that the chasm among social forces was moderately wide before the Revolution and the alliance among social forces was weak after the Revolution and in the new regime, therefore, the extent of transfer of power was so vast which led to a large-scale revolution.

Caste Politics and State Integration: a Case Study of Mysore State

Abstract The subject of unification is as vibrant as national movement even after 58 years of a fractured verdict. More than to achieve a physical conjugation it was an attempt for cultural fusion. The aspiration for linguistic unification was a part of the national discourse. The movement, which began with mystic originations, later on turned out to become communal. Political changes during 1799 A.D. and 1857 A.D. changed the fortunes of Mysore state and ultimately led to its disintegration and became the reason for this movement. The concept of unification is akin to the spirit of nationalism, against the background of colonial regime assigning parts of land to different administrative units without taking into consideration the historical or cultural aspects of that place. Kannadigas marooned in multi lingual states experient an orphaned situation got aroused with the turn of nineteenth century. The problem precipitated by the company was diluted by British when they introduced English education. Though the positive aspect like emergence of middle class is pragmatic, rise of communalism on the other hand is not idealistic. This research paper is designed to examine the polarization of castes during unification movement of Mysore State (Presently called as State of Karnataka, since 1973, which was termed Mysore when integrated) which came into being in 1956 A.D. Most of the previous studies concentrate on two aspects viz ideological discourse and organizational strategies adopted to gain Unification. The course of the unifi cation movement and role of Congress party dominates such studies while some of them concentrate on the leaders of the movement. Other studies are ethnographical in nature. ‘Community Dominance and Political Modernisation: The Lingayats’ written by Shankaragouda Hanamantagouda Patil is a classic example. Mention may be made here of an recent attempt by Harish Ramaswamy in his ‘Karnataka Government and Politics’ which has covered almost all aspects of emergence of Karnataka as a state but communal politics during unification movement has found no place. ‘Rethinking State Politics in India: Regions within Regions’ is an edited book by Ashutosh Kumar which has articles on ‘Castes and Politics of Marginality’ where a reference is made to caste associations and identity politics of Lingayats, but the area of study is neighboring Maharashtra and not Karnataka. Though it contains two articles on Karnataka its subject matter doesn’t pertain to this topic. One more important effort is by ‘Imagining Unimaginable Communities: Political and Social Discourse in Modern Karnataka’ where the author Raghavendra Rao thinks Karnataka and India as two unimaginable communities and discuss primarily the founding moments of negotiation between the discourses of Indian nationalism and Kannada linguistic nationalism. It is more an intellectual history and throws light on nationalism in a colonial context. Mostly studies concentrate on either the course or the leaders of the movement. Invariably congress as an organization finds place in all studies. But the blemish of such studies is a lesser concentration on activities of major socio cultural groups. The role of socio cultural groups assumes importance because of the milieu at the beginning of 20th century which annunciated a wave of social changes in the state. It is a known fact that the movement for linguistic state was successful in bringing a political integration of five separate sub regions but failed to unite people culturally. This concept of unification which is akin to the spirit of nationalism got expressed at the regional level in the sense of respect for once own culture, language and people. In case of Karnataka this expression had political overtones too which is expressed by some who fought for it (Srinivas & Narayan, 1946 ). Most of the early leaders of unification movement (and for that matter even movement for independence too can be cited here) belonged to one particular caste, and with passing of time has led to the notion of domination of that caste over the movement. This paper tries to give justice in a limited way by giving legitimate and adequate recognition for those castes which deserves it and do away with misconceptions. Two concepts political modernization and social mobility are used. The later derives its existence from the former in this case. The data used here is primarily gained from news papers and secondary sources like books and interviews given by participants. No hypothesis is tested nor any theory is developed in this attempt but historical materials are examined in the light of modernity. The key problem discussed here is emergence of communal politics and the role of social groups in unification. Biases of regionalism, caste and class have been overcome by rational thinking.

Homophyly/Kinship Model: Naturally Evolving Networks.

It has been a challenge to understand the formation and roles of social groups or natural communities in the evolution of species, societies and real world networks. Here, we propose the hypothesis that homophyly/kinship is the intrinsic mechanism of natural communities, introduce the notion of the affinity exponent and propose the homophyly/kinship model of networks. We demonstrate that the networks of our model satisfy a number of topological, probabilistic and combinatorial properties and, in particular, that the robustness and stability of natural communities increase as the affinity exponent increases and that the reciprocity of the networks in our model decreases as the affinity exponent increases. We show that both homophyly/kinship and reciprocity are essential to the emergence of cooperation in evolutionary games and that the homophyly/kinship and reciprocity determined by the appropriate affinity exponent guarantee the emergence of cooperation in evolutionary games, verifying Darwin’s proposal that kinship and reciprocity are the means of individual fitness. We propose the new principle of structure entropy minimisation for detecting natural communities of networks and verify the functional module property and characteristic properties by a healthy tissue cell network, a citation network, some metabolic networks and a protein interaction network.

Loneliness and Belongingness in Older Lesbians: The Role of Social Groups as “Community”

This article explores loneliness and isolation in older lesbians, looking at the benefits offered by an over-55 fortnightly social group in Yorkshire. I argue that the women interviewed were more vulnerable to loneliness than their heterosexual counterparts as a direct consequence of many years of privacy and self-concealment and because they were more likely to be single, childless, and have fractured relationships with birth families; all significant losses viewed by the women as the “price you paid” for being a lesbian. Although the group did not completely alleviate loneliness, it provided a place of safety and offered a sanctuary where participants could be themselves and where friendships and other groups were formed. For many women, the group's exclusivity to older lesbians and bisexual women was deeply significant and influenced their decision to attend. I suggest that such groups have a vital role to play in promoting older lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender well-being and offering protection against loneliness and isolation in older age.

Adjusting to living with multiple sclerosis: The role of social groups

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is typically associated with life-long adjustment to wide-ranging, changeable symptoms and psychosocial disruption as all relationships are changed or lost. Despite accumulating evidence, the therapeutic impact of harnessing social group factors in MS management and rehabilitation remains largely unexplored. We investigated their role specific to adjusting to MS. A qualitative approach was used with thematic analysis to induce a rich and developing account of the impact of social groups on adjustment for 15 individuals with MS. An adjustment questionnaire was used to provide a framework for its organisation and discussion. The analysis revealed three themes associated with loss, change and social processes that influenced adjustment. These features distinguished between those who were more or less able to adjust, and resonated well with processes previously identified as central to identity loss and change. Social factors enhanced adjustment through easing transition between pre- and post-MS diagnosis lives. Notably, maintenance of pre-existing social roles and relationships was critical in providing a meaningful basis for integrating the old with new senses of self. The capacity to join new social groups was as key in adjustment as was awareness of having access to multiple social groups to avoid being solely defined by MS. These concepts provided a more stable grounding upon which to nurture value systems and employ collective support to counter the negative consequences of living with MS.

Importance of intraspecifically gregarious species in a tropical bird community.

In both single- and mixed-species social groups, certain participants are known to play important roles in providing benefits. Identifying these participants is critical for understanding group dynamics, but is often difficult with large roving social groups in the wild. Here, we develop a new approach to characterize roles in social groups and apply it to mixed-species bird flocks (flocks hereafter) in an Indian tropical evergreen forest. Two types of species, namely intraspecifically gregarious and sallying species, are thought to play important roles in flocks because studies have shown they attract other flock participants. However, it is unclear why these types are attractive and whether they are essential for flock formation. We address these questions by focusing on the composition of the subset of flocks containing only two species each. In two-species flocks, it is reasonable to assume that at least one species obtains some kind of benefit. Therefore, only those species combinations that result in benefit to at least one species should occur as two-species flocks. Using data from 540 flocks overall, of which 158 were two-species flocks, we find that intraspecifically gregarious species are disproportionately represented in two-species flocks and always lead flocks when present, and that flocks containing them are joined significantly more by other species. Our results suggest that intraspecifically gregarious species are likely to be the primary benefit providers in flocks and are important for tropical flock formation. Our study also provides a new approach to understanding importance in other mixed-species and single-species social groups.

Playing Our Way: Contributions of Social Groups to Women's Continued Participation in Golf

This study builds upon research on leisure based social worlds and recent work identifying the potentially valuable roles of social groups in women's continued participation in recreation. This study is an ethnography of a group of women who regularly played golf. Data were analyzed using a grounded theory approach. The analysis suggested two overarching themes that explained persistence in golf for these women: connecting with group members and constructing a group culture. Importantly, the processes that facilitated the development of group connections were also identified, thereby adding a further understanding of how socializing is made possible in leisure contexts.

Teaching & Learning Guide for: The Nature of Contemporary Prejudice: Insights from Aversive Racism

Intergroup bias is one of the most actively researched topics in the field of social psychology. Hundreds of books and thousands of research articles have addressed this issue over more than half a century. Although the psychological roots of blatant prejudices are well documented, the development of more subtle and often unintentional forms in societies in which its expression is discouraged poses new and unique challenges to the pursuit of justice and equality in contemporary society. Our interests in the psychological underpinnings of prejudice as researchers and educators are both practical and conceptual. On the practical side, understanding the nature of contemporary forms of prejudice has clear implications for developing effective techniques for combating bias and discrimination. In 1967, nearly 3 years after the landmark Civil Rights Act of 1964, race riots in the United States prompted the Kerner Commission to investigate the sources of racial tension. Upon the conclusion of its investigation, the commission cited White America’s failure to assist Blacks in need, rather than actively trying to harm Blacks, as a primary cause of racial disparities and, ultimately, civil unrest (Report of the National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders, 1968). Indeed, it was research on the differential helping behavior of politically liberal Whites toward Black and White motorists who were stranded on a highway that represented the first empirical work on aversive racism (Gaertner, 1973). Considerable subsequent research on aversive racism has revealed that the consequences of subtle bias can be as severe and pernicious as those of blatant prejudice. Conceptually, the complexities of contemporary forms of prejudice and recent advances in techniques and tools for studying non-conscious biases make this research area an exciting and challenging one. We hope that this guide can help orient educators to the many excellent resources that exist and convey our enthusiasm for exploring what psychological methods and theories can contribute to understanding one of the most challenging social issues faced in contemporary society.

The Role of Social Groups in the Persistence of Learned Fear

Classical fear conditioning investigates how animals learn to associate environmental stimuli with an aversive event. We examined how the mechanisms of fear conditioning apply when humans learn to associate social ingroup and outgroup members with a fearful event, with the goal of advancing our understanding of basic learning theory and social group interaction. Primates more readily associate stimuli from certain fear-relevant natural categories, such as snakes, with a negative outcome relative to stimuli from fear-irrelevant categories, such as birds. We assessed whether this bias in fear conditioning extends to social groups defined by race. Our results indicate that individuals from a racial group other than one's own are more readily associated with an aversive stimulus than individuals of one's own race, among both white and black Americans. This prepared fear response might be reduced by close, positive interracial contact.

On the economic theory of interest groups: Towards a group frame of reference in political economics

This paper evaluates the development of the economic theory of interest groups. Although there is important progress, many substantial lacunae in our knowledge exist. I argue that part of the problem is the way Public Choice theory developed. Methodological individualism has led to an overindividualized ('a- social') view of human behavior. Furthermore, the importance of imperfect information has been underexposed. Acknowledging the essentially social character of human behavior and the lack of information leads to the conclusion that a more prominent place should be given to the role of social groups. A shift towards a “group frame of reference” is advocated.

Preliminary Study of the Current Structure of Social Classes and Strata in China

Since the implementation of China's open-door policy, the mechanism of a commodity economy has been injected into the socialist system and changes in the economic arena have affected all other sectors of society, resulting in a social transformation covering a wide range of positions. Growth of a commodity economy has brought about profound changes in the social structure of this ancient nation of ours, ranging from as large an arena as political structure and economic structure to as small an area as community structure and family structure. That the reform has had a profound effect can be seen in the fact that it has touched upon the complex relations between the roles of social groups, organizations, and systems that make up the essential elements of a social structure, and has directly or indirectly affected the social status of all people, entailing new differentiation and accommodation of classes and strata. Our understanding of what these changes in the social structure of classes and strata in Chi...