Role Of Soft Power Research Articles

The Role of Soft Power in Great Power Rivalries: Challenges, Solutions, and Strategies, Focus on International Relations Theories

The rebirth of major power competition has led to a significant transformation in the global order. This study digs into the complex nature of this occurrence, examining its underlying reasons, displays, and possible outcomes in deferent angle. By utilizing a comparative analysis of realist, liberal, constructivist, and critical theoretical perspectives, the paper aims to shed light on the theoretical foundations of the current geopolitical dynamics. By critically assessing these theories, this paper highlights major obstacles to global stability, such as the escalation of arms races, the decline of multilateral institutions, and the increased threat of interstate conflicts and misunderstanding. Furthermore, this paper explores potential ways for collaboration and conflict resolution, drawing on insights from a variety of theoretical frameworks together with existing and current example from different conflicting countries. Marxism and Feminism are also highly shown in this paper which mostly focus on discussing their views toward GPC. In essence, this paper tries to develop our comprehension of major power competition and guide the formulation of efficient strategies to mitigate its destabilizing impacts.

Competing in Innovation-Intensive Environments: The Role of Soft Power, Learning, and CEO Heuristics

We start by exploring how the interplay of soft power and learning levers helps firms address competitive uncertainty in innovation-intensive environments (IIEs). We then theorize that firms’ motivation to pursue a specific combination of soft power and learning tactics in IIEs is shaped by CEO regulatory focus. The analysis of a panel of IIE firms supports our theorizing and reveals that accounting for CEO regulatory focus is elemental to the understanding of firms’ performance heterogeneity in such environments. We conclude that a perspective focused on a combination of soft power and learning tactics is better fitted to explain firms’ performance in environments plagued by extreme uncertainty compared to traditional theoretical lenses. Our main contribution is to the study of performance in innovation-intensive environments.

EXAMINING THE ROLE OF SOFT POWER IN TÜRKİYE AND INDIA’S RELATIONS WITH AFGHANISTAN

This article explores how the soft power of Türkiye and India has been playing significant roles in their relationship with Afghanistan in the post-9/11 incident. After the US-led invasion of the Taliban in 2001, Türkiye, which has no land border with Afghanistan, engaged as a NATO stakeholder for post-war peacebuilding in the country. Türkiye also pursued non-military engagement through humanitarian and cultural institutions and achieved the confidence of the Afghan people. On the other hand, a diverse-natured regime at the doorstep, as well as the bitter relationship with Pakistan, triggered India to approach Afghanistan closely. India utilised its ‘Neighbourhood First’ policy through sheer civilian participation in delivering humanitarian aid and collaborating in educational and cultural fields, significantly strengthening its relationship with Afghanistan. However, the Taliban’s takeover of power has narrowed India’s engagement while Türkiye’s engagement has increased, though non-militarily, having significant impacts on both countries’ relationships with Afghanistan. This study, firstly, conceptualises the term ‘soft power.’ Secondly, it explains Türkiye’s historical relations with Afghanistan and the role of soft power after 9/11 to consolidate the relations. Thirdly, it explains India’s historical relations with Afghanistan and the role of soft power in expanding the relations after 9/11. Then, the article compares the roles of soft power by state and non-state actors of Türkiye with those of India in developing their relations with Afghanistan and the challenges and prospects that Türkiye and India may face in the future.

The Role of Soft Power in Contemporary Diplomacy

The Role of Soft Power in Contemporary Diplomacy

Role of Soft Power in India’s Foreign Policy

The article focuses on power and its ramifications which has always been the central point in all security studies in international relations. Power is a crucial element of international relations that influences world affairs. As a result, power plays a significant role in foreign policy formulation. Realism is the dominant theory of international relations, and it revolves around the concept of power. Power can come in a variety of forms and implies the capacity to influence others to do what one wants. There are two types of power: hard power and soft power. These two types of power influence international politics, security, economy, and foreign policy. Whereas hard power derives from a country’s military or economic might, soft power derives from the attractiveness of its culture, political ideals, and policies. In international relations, soft power is just as important as hard power. This paper argues that soft power is one dimension of power that refers to one’s ability to persuade others to do something. Different countries place a high value on soft power in today’s international politics. In international relations, the concept of soft power discourse emerged in the early 1990s. This article also argues that foreign policy of a country consists of self-interest strategies. It contains a general objective that guides the activities and relationship of one state in its interaction with other states. This paper intends to explain and analyze India’s foreign policy on the ideas of friendly relations, international cooperation, and peaceful coexistence among all nations, regardless of their political systems. Maintaining national security, advancing democracy, fostering world peace, providing aid, and establishing open trade are the main objectives of India’s foreign policy. The purpose of this paper is to theorize the dynamics of soft power in international relations and to analyze India’s soft power potential. In recent years soft power has become an important tool for governments to achieve their foreign policy goals. India, a country with rich sources of soft power, has made great efforts to use this capacity to achieve its foreign policy goals. Among Indian leaders Narendra Modi has paid considerable attention to the capacity of soft power in India’s foreign policy.

The Role of Soft Power in China's Struggle for Hegemony

China’s political influence is growing in tandem with its economic and military might. The rise of China triggers significant changes in the regional and global order. As China’s material power increases, it poses a serious challenge to the global hegemony of the USA in almost every field. It is unclear whether China's advances in many kinds of power parameters will lead to a change in predominance. Although China has made significant progress in hard power, it has not shown the same success in soft power. This study focuses on the role of China's soft power in the struggle for global hegemony. The study aims to answer the question of how important soft power is in building hegemony. In the research, the effectiveness and limits of China's soft power are analyzed. The study argues that China's achievements in soft power are not enough for it to build a global hegemony. It is concluded that China's shortcomings in soft power are the biggest obstacle to the country's ability to build a regional and global order.

India and the Balakot airstrike: Reflections beyond hard power

This article argues that while India’s Balakot airstrike garnered popular attention as a hardline military approach, the role of soft power, which was very much part of it, received little or scant regard. Moving away from the popular view of the Balakot airstrike as a hard power-oriented military approach, taking a nuanced look at it from the soft power and strategic narrative vantage point, this exegesis explores both the hard and soft dimensions of power employed as means to advance India’s aims and ends. In doing so, this examination finds the strike as a smart power strategy.

Some aspects of «Color revolutions» and soft power

The article is devoted to such a phenomenon of the modern political space as the «color revolution», one of the effective and frequently used methods of realizing their foreign policy and economic interests by certain elite groups on the world stage. The purpose of the article is to determine the functional role of soft power, in the directions from its participation in the formation of protest potential, to the main trends of further development. As a result, the article makes certain predictions about the directions of possible modernization and the conditions that cause this kind of development of events. During the analysis, the authors came to the conclusion that the main participants in the political confrontation on the world stage in the near future will actively improve the technology of color revolutions and methods of counteraction, strengthening their constant application in practice. Thus, they are involved in a kind of «arms race» in the format of non-armed pressure on a foreign policy opponent.

The Role of Iran’s «Soft Power» in Confronting Iranophobia

«Soft power» is a set of activities designed by a government or regional and international actors aimed to influence external public opinion, promote external image or attract support for a particular policy, which is implemented through all the available tools and new technologies. The non-governmental actors also play an effective and important role in this diplomacy. Considering the public diplomacy and soft power of the Islamic Republic of Iran as a deliberate and conscious approach can be of great importance in the country's grand strategies that will strengthen national interests in the domestic sphere and influence them at regional and global levels. The article analyzes the role of Iran’s soft power in confronting Iranophobia. The study is aimed at presenting a theoretical definition of public diplomacy and soft power in foreign policy and international system, and then examines its role in the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran with an emphasis on confronting Iranophobia.The authors answer the research question: “What is the role of soft power in the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in confronting Iranophobia?” The research method is descriptive-analytical based on historical evidence, documents, and analytical issues of theorists, authors, and media being expressed in the theoretical framework of soft power. The paper is based on a synthesis of Stephen Walt’s “balance of threat” theory with Alexander Wendt’s social constructivism to explain the Iranian “threat” in American foreign policy.The findings of this research show that without the use of force and disturbing the balance in the international relations, using a variety of tools and instruments the Iranian public diplomacy and soft power might be effective to reduce the global and regional atmosphere of Iranophobia and undermine anti-Iranian solidarity.

Understanding of India’s Soft Power Dynamics

The article aims to analyse the increasing importance of soft power in the context of globalization and the growing conflicts over the use of military power for achieving foreign policy objectives. This article specifically focuses on the role of soft power in the foreign policy of India and sources of India’s soft power. It also examines the factors that affect India’s soft power adversely and how to increase its soft power. In international relations, the role of public diplomacy, among other aspects, is to brand the country and the nation through its culture and art. This article also argues that the increasing acceptability of its culture and values opens up possibilities for India to realize its foreign policy goals. In recent years, India’s leaders have increasingly focused on its diaspora, multicultural ethos and its ancient practices like yoga, through official campaigns and foreign visits. The article traces the evolution of India as a soft power since its emergence as an independent country. It explores how this soft power has shaped India’s foreign policy and behavior. India’s soft power assets are not of recent origin, but there is an increasing activism to use those assets effectively.

Роль инструментов «мягкой силы» во внешней политике России

The article discusses the role and importance of the instruments of soft power in Russia's foreign policy. The author emphasizes that today in terms of foreign policy of the state the role of soft power is growing. In many states, it becomes a crucial instrument of foreign policy power. Russia is no exception. One can see it in the repeated use of the terminology and tools of soft power reflected in one of the basic legal documents – The Foreign Policy Concept of the Russian Federation. The author supposed, in addition to using such soft power tools as culture, public diplomacy, media, education, science, etc., Russia could have a soft influence on the actors of world politics, using economic power. Thereby, through the creation of a positive image of the Russian Federation among Russian nations, which later will be broadcasted through civil society and public organizations, the effectiveness of Russia's soft power impact on the international community can significantly increase.

The Role of Soft Power in Shaping the Conditions for the Implementation of "Color Revolutions"

The Role of Soft Power in Shaping the Conditions for the Implementation of "Color Revolutions"

PERAN DAKWAH DALAM MENANGGULANGI TERORISME

The desire of mankind to live full of serenity and peace will never be realized if acts of terror, greed, injustice, and whatever form that represents a sanity still remain grounded. History has noted that acts of terrorism and violence, not a problem solving, but make complicated and increasing a problem. Terrorism is a form of extraordinary crime (extra ordinary crime).In an effort to prevent the understanding of terrorism that becomes the enemy of the state and also the religious community, the government or the security side must also coordinate with the scholars, da'i and community figures in order that the society and the country are getting away from munkar. The government and society should not allow rampant injustice and socio-economic imbalance.Therefore, according to NurSyam really needed is the integration between hard power and soft power to overcome this religious radicalism. The hard power represented by government is essentially to cope instantaneously or to cope quickly with the radical movement. But far more important is the role of soft power or community - including APDI (Association of Indonesian Dakwah Profession) - to carry out guidance and community development that puts Islamrahmatanlilalamin forward.

Peranan Komunikasi Antar Personal Mahasiswa Kost Terhadap Nilai - Nilai Kemasyarakat

The desire of mankind to live full of serenity and peace will never be realized if acts of terror, greed, injustice, and whatever form that represents a sanity still remain grounded. History has noted that acts of terrorism and violence, not a problem solving, but make complicated and increasing a problem. Terrorism is a form of extraordinary crime (extra ordinary crime).
 In an effort to prevent the understanding of terrorism that becomes the enemy of the state and also the religious community, the government or the security side must also coordinate with the scholars, da'i and community figures in order that the society and the country are getting away from munkar. The government and society should not allow rampant injustice and socio-economic imbalance.
 Therefore, according to Nur Syam really needed is the integration between hard power and soft power to overcome this religious radicalism. The hard power represented by government is essentially to cope instantaneously or to cope quickly with the radical movement. But far more important is the role of soft power or community - including APDI (Association of Indonesian Dakwah Profession) - to carry out guidance and community development that puts Islamrahmatan lil alamin forward.

South Africa’s foreign policy aspirations and the National Development Plan (NDP 2030): the role of soft power

ABSTRACTChapter 7 of the NDP 2030 articulates a foreign policy vision for South Africa over two decades. While the NDP acknowledges the place of ‘soft power’ in realising this vision, it remains doubtful whether South Africa will indeed take advantage of the enormous gains offered by soft power as a foreign policy lever. This paper examines the role of soft power in achieving the foreign policy mandates prescribed in the Plan. It argues that, like other regional powers such as China, South Africa needs to pay more attention to its soft power attributes if it is to fast-track the successful implementation of its foreign policy ambitions for 2030. We conclude that sustaining South Africa’s rising position and influence in the international system and in Africa, will largely depend on its ability to consciously adjust its foreign policy trajectories – in the long term – in tandem with its soft power resources and competences.

Attitude change among U.S. adults after the Castro-Obama announcement: the role of soft power in agenda setting

The United States and Cuba made history in late 2014 by announcing the resumption of diplomatic relations. With the media coverage and social media content related to the announcements as a stimulus, this pre-post-study noted increases in U.S. adults’ levels of perceived knowledge, salience of attributes, as well as attitudes toward Cuba after the joint proclamations. Results suggest that media coverage and social media content played major roles in influencing both public knowledge of and attitudes toward Cuba as a country. These first- and second-level agenda-setting effects are positioned within the Model of Country Concept as an example of soft power. The power of international media to affect both cognitive and affective evaluations among the citizens of one country about the government and citizenry of another is discussed. This article is published as part of a collection on soft power.

The Role of Soft Power in China’s Foreign Policy in the 21th Century

The Role of Soft Power in China’s Foreign Policy in the 21th Century

EXTERNAL AND DOMESTIC CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS FOR TURKEY AS A REGIONAL POWER AND THE ROLE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION

Turkey, which has a democratic and secular political system with a predominantly Muslim population and an EU membership prospect, had an increasing influence in its region which increased its soft power. However, after the start of Arab uprisings, uncertainty in the Middle East and stall of the negotiations with the EU challenged Turkey’s soft power. This article discusses challenges and prospects facing Turkey’s regional power, especially since 2011. It firstly analyses the role of soft power in Turkish foreign policy and evaluates the series of soft power instruments. Secondly, it discusses the external factors challenging Turkey’s regional power, particularly the role of Arab uprisings, particularly Syrian crisis and domestic challenges that negatively influence Turkey’s regional power, particularly stagnation in the reform process, polarisation of the society, freedom of media and the rise of terrorism. Lastly the role of EU in Turkey’s soft power in spite of its decreasing transformative power over Turkey in recent years will be evaluated.

LONG-TERM FORECASTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF RELATIONS BETWEEN LOCAL HUMAN CIVILIZATIONS: CONCLUSIONS AND PROPOSALS

The article is the form of scientific report on the results of three year long project on methodology of long term forecasting the development of the system of international relations. The methodology is based on the following assumptions: input information is accurate and complete; international relations constitute a system, scenarios for different levels of international relations development are hierarchically interdependent; the speed of development is different on various levels of international relations; various national capabilities affect the development; elites affect international relations; civil society affect international relations. Based on this assumption the author builds the most probable scenario of intercivilizational relations which is military coercive interaction. The role of soft power will increase its share in the toolkit of the confrontational politics. To win in this confrontation it is necessary to review the current practices of strategic forecasting and planning and to rebuild the entire military organization of the Russian army. The principal condition for the victory is development of national human capital, as well as the formation of the national ideology.

Echoes of Second World War and the Role of Soft Power in the North-East Asia

The article deals with the unsolved territorial disputes inherited by East Asia countries (Japan, South Korea, China, Russia) after the World War II. It is shown how the countries of this region are trying to solve these problems or to use them in their own interests in domestic and foreign political actions.