Role Of Serum Leptin Research Articles

Does leptin cause proximal gastric cancer in the obese? The role of serum leptin in the etiology of proximal gastric cancer.

The aim of the present study was to determine the correlation between obesity, serum levels of leptin and proximal gastric cancer. Sixty-four gastric cancer patients operated on with curative intent were included in the study. We determined the correlation between the preoperative serum levels of leptin and the tumor's location. Serum leptin levels were correlated significantly with the proximal third location (p=0.04), gastric outlet obstructing tumors (p<0.0001), CRP levels (p=0.03) and BMI (p<0.0001). Patients with high serum levels of leptin had significantly more intestinal types of gastric cancer (p=0.033) and better differentiation (p=0.009). The linear regression model determined the proximal tumor location (beta: 0.467; p=0.045), BMI (beta: 0.657; p=0.001), high preoperative serum albumin (beta: 0.563; p=0.016) and the presence of pyloric stenosis (beta: 0.525; p=0.006) as related significantly to serum leptin levels. The Cox proportional hazard model identified age (HR: 0.003; 95 % CI: 0-0.794; p=0.041), preoperative serum levels of leptin (HR: 0.125; 95 % CI: 0.018-0.887; p=0.037) and the number of extracted LNs (HR: 0.001; 95 % CI: 0-0.677; p=0.038) as independent prognostic factors. Serum levels of leptin were significantly elevated in patients with proximal gastric cancer, suggesting that the leptin's effect might be due to its systemic secretion. This might explain the higher incidence of proximal gastric cancer in obese patients. Elevated serum leptin levels were an independent prognostic factor.

The role of serum leptin as a prognostic biomarker for short term outcome in acute ischemic stroke

The role of serum leptin as a prognostic biomarker for short term outcome in acute ischemic stroke

Role of serum leptin in prediction of pregnancy outcome in women with early pregnancy loss

Role of serum leptin in prediction of pregnancy outcome in women with early pregnancy loss

Serum Phosphate, BMI, and Body Composition of Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Association Analysis and Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study

BackgroundObservational studies have reported associations between serum phosphate and BMI in specific clinical settings, but the nature of this relation in the general population is unclear. ObjectivesThe aim of this study was twofold: to investigate the association between serum phosphate and BMI and body composition, as well as to explore evidence of causality through a bidirectional one-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) in the population-based Rotterdam Study (RS). MethodsObservational associations between phosphate (mg/dL) and BMI, lean mass, and fat percentage (fat%), estimated by DXA, were analyzed using multivariable regression models in 9202 participants aged 45–100 y from 3 RS cohorts. The role of serum leptin was examined in a subgroup of 1089 participants. For MR analyses, allele scores with 6 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for phosphate and 905 SNPs for BMI were constructed in 7983 participants. ResultsPhosphate was inversely associated with BMI in the total population (β: –0.89; 95% CI: –1.17, –0.62), and stronger in women (β: –1.92; 95% CI: –2.20, –1.65) than in men (β: –0.37; 95% CI: –0.68, –0.06) (P-interaction < 0.05). Adjustment for leptin did not change results in men. In women, adjustment for leptin attenuated the association, but it was not abolished (β: –0.94; 95% CI: –1.45, –0.42). Phosphate was inversely associated with fat%, but not with lean mass, in both sexes. MR analyses suggested a causal effect of BMI on serum phosphate (β: –0.01; 95% CI: –0.02, 0.00) but not vice versa. ConclusionsSerum phosphate was inversely associated with BMI and fat% in a population-based study of middle-aged and older adults, with a stronger effect in women than in men. Adjusting for leptin attenuated this relation in women only. MR results suggest a causal effect of BMI on phosphate but not vice versa. An underlying sex dimorphism in phosphate homeostasis should be further explored.

Role of Serum Leptin in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Egyptian Cirrhotic Patients

Abstract Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most com-mon primary hepatic malignancy with an average survival rate of 6-20 months. The primary etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma in Egyptian patients is liver cirrhosis. Alfa fetopro-tein is the most commonly used biomarker for HCC diagnosis, in spite of its low sensitivity and specificity in HCC screening; it is usually combined with ultrasound for early detection of HCC. Leptin is a multifunctional peptide hormone that is produced by adipocytes with neuroendocrine activity. Leptin is postulated to increase the hepatic response to different stimuli of liver fibrosis. The actions of leptin are mediated via hepatic stellate cell activation, and liver fibrosis occurs through its indirect effect on the Kupffer cells. Moreover, it regulates the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI-3K/Pkt) pathway, which plays an essential step in the cell motility, proliferation, survival, and angiogenesis in tumor cells including Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). Thus, leptin can promote HCC proliferation, migration, and invasion. Aim of Study: The present study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of serum Leptin as a tumor marker in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) in comparison to Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP). Subjects and Methods: This study included 180 Egyptian patients that were divided into 4 groups (Group 1: 60 patients with untreated HCC, Group 2: 60 patients with treated HCC, Group 3: 30 patients with end-stage chronic liver disease without HCC) in addition to Group 4: 30 age-matched healthy subjects serving as a healthy control group. All patients and controls were subjected to full history, clinical examination, laboratory investigation, and abdominal ultrasonography (U/S). Serum leptin and alpha-fetoprotein were assayed by using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) tech-nique. Results: The results of the present study revealed that serum leptin levels were significantly increased in all the patients' groups when compared to controls; besides, it was significantly higher in untreated and treated HCC patients groups when compared to patient’s group without HCC.Furthermore, serum leptin levels were significantly higher in the patients group with untreated HCC compared to the treated HCC patients group with positive correlation with AFP. Conclusion: AFP was more sensitive and specific in differentiation between cirrhotic patients with or without HCC than Leptin. However, Leptin has a good sensitivity and specificity in differentiating between untreated and treated HCC patients, and it is superior to AFP in the specificity of the differentiation between these two categories. Therefore, serum leptin can be used as a useful screening marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC patients combined with Alfa fetoprotein.

Possible Role of Serum Leptin as Biomarker in COPD.

Leptin is one of the adipokines shown to exert a significant effect in respiratory diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible role of serum leptin as biomarker in COPD.The serum leptin levels were assessed in 58 patents with stable COPD and 21 controls applying ELISA method.The leptin levels were higher, although not significantly, in COPD patients than in controls (221.52&amp;plusmn;24.28(SE) vs. 165.04&amp;plusmn;26.01 pg/ml, p=0.197). This tendency turned out significant when only females were compared (414.60&amp;plusmn;60.63 vs. 219.40&amp;plusmn;44.15 pg/ml, p=0.038). The levels of leptin were highly dependent on the BMI both in COPD patients (p&lt;0.001) and in controls (p=0.024): they were the highest in obese individuals and decreased with reducing the BMI.In the COPD group, women had significantly higher leptin levels than men (p&lt;0.0001) independent of the BMI. The non-smoking patients had significantly higher leptin levels than ex-smokers (p=0.007) and current smokers (p=0.007). In patients with BMI above 25, several associations were observed: patients with mild COPD had higher serum leptin level than those with severe or very severe COPD (p=0.038); the leptin levels correlated positively with FEV1% (r= 0.304, p=0.045) and FEV1/FVC ratio (I= 0.348, p=0.021), and tended to correlate negatively with ABCD GOLD groups (Rho=-0.300, p=0.043) and with the CAT points (Rho=-0.258, p=0.091); the leptin levels below 300 ng/ml determined 4.08-fold higher risk for more severe COPD.The results of our study confirm that the serum leptin levels depend significantly on the BMI and are interfered by gender and smoking habits. However, this adipokine cannot be used as a serum biomarker for distinguishing COPD patients, but its decrease might be associated with aggravation of the disease.

Role of serum Leptin and Prolactin in Iraqi females’ patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

Leptin is an adipocyte peptide hormone that is important in preventing obesity by affecting the hypothalamus. Recent studies showed that leptin plays an important role in T lymphocyte responses, modulates inflammatory and immune responses.

Role of serum leptin as a marker of severity of pre-eclampsia

Role of serum leptin as a marker of severity of pre-eclampsia

Serum levels of adiponectin and leptin as biomarkers of proteinuria in lupus nephritis.

IntroductionThere are controversial results about the role of serum leptin and adiponectin levels as biomarkers of the severity of proteinuria in lupus nephritis.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between serum leptin and adiponectin levels with severity of proteinuria secondary to lupus nephritis (LN).MethodsIn a cross-sectional study, 103 women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were evaluated for kidney involvement. We compared 30 SLE patients with LN, all of them with proteinuria, versus 73 SLE patients without renal involvement (no LN). A comprehensive set of clinical and laboratory variables was assessed, including serum levels of leptin and adiponectin by ELISA. Multivariate analyses were used to adjust for potential confounders associated with proteinuria in LN.ResultsWe found higher adiponectin levels in the LN group compared with the no LN group (20.4 ± 10.3 vs 15.6 ± 7.8 μg/mL; p = 0.02), whereas no differences were observed in leptin levels (33.3 ± 31.4 vs 22.5 ± 25.5 ng/mL; p = 0.07). Severity of proteinuria correlated with an increase in adiponectin levels (r = 0.31; p = 0.001), but no correlation was observed with leptin. Adiponectin levels were not related to anti-dsDNA or anti-nucleosome antibodies. In the logistic regression, adiponectin levels were associated with a high risk of proteinuria in SLE (OR = 1.06; 95% CI 1.01–1.12; p = 0.02). Instead, leptin was not associated with LN.ConclusionThese findings indicate that adiponectin levels are useful markers associated with proteinuria in LN. Further longitudinal studies are required to identify if these levels are predictive of renal relapse.

Role of Serum Leptin and its association with Malondialdehyde in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Role of Serum Leptin and its association with Malondialdehyde in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Role of serum leptin in the severity of coronary artery disease in patients with stable angina

Background and objectivesLeptin is a plasmatic peptide hormone that has been related to cardiovascular homeostasis and atherosclerosis but much is still unknown about its relationship with coronary artery disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of serum leptin in patients with stable angina and its relationship with the severity of coronary disease. Patients and methods204 patients, 152 with stable angina (coronary artery disease group) and 52 without coronary disease excluded by cardiac computerized tomography (control group) were included. The coronary artery disease group was divided into 2 subgroups according to severity of coronary disease (single or multivessel disease, 46 and 106 patients, respectively). Serum leptin levels were determined by Enzyme-Linked InmunoSorbent Assay. ResultsLeptin levels were significantly higher in patients with multivessel disease and were independently associated with a greater severity of coronary artery disease when compared with controls (OR 1.14; 95%CI: 1.03–1.27; p=0.014) and with patients with single vessel disease (OR 1.12; 95%CI: 1.01–1.25; p=0.036). Serum leptin was tested as a diagnostic marker of multivessel disease with an area under the curve obtained from Receiver Operating Characteristics of 0.6764 (95%CI 0.5765–0.7657). ConclusionsSerum leptin levels were associated in patients with stable angina with the severity of coronary artery disease, suggesting its value in the development of coronary disease and as a future therapeutic target.

Association study of the HTR2C, leptin and adiponectin genes and serum marker analyses in clozapine treated long-term patients with schizophrenia

Clozapine treatment is associated with weight gain and cardio-metabolic consequences among patients with schizophrenia. Polymorphisms of leptin, serotonin receptor HTR2C and adiponectin genes have been associated with antipsychotic-induced weight gain and metabolic comorbidity. However, the results of the studies so far are inconclusive. The aim of the present study was first to test for a possible role of serum leptin and adiponectin levels as a marker of weight gain in association with inflammatory cytokines/adipokines (IL-6, IL-1Ra, hs-CRP and adipsin), and second to study associations between SNPs LEP rs7799039 (-2548 A/G), ADIPOQ rs1501299 and HTR2C rs1414334 and weight gain and levels of leptin and adiponectin, in 190 patients with schizophrenia on clozapine treatment, with retrospectively assessed weight change and cross-sectionally measured cytokine levels. A strong association was found between serum levels of leptin and weight gain and cytokines/adipokines related to metabolic comorbidity, especially among female patients (in women leptin vs. weight gain, IL-6 and IL-1Ra, P<0.001; in men leptin vs. weight gain, P=0.026, leptin vs. IL-1Ra, P<0.001). In male patients low adiponectin level was a more specific marker of clozapine-induced weight gain (P=0.037). The results of the present study do not support a major role of SNPs LEP rs7799039, ADIPOQ rs1501299 and HTR2C rs1414334 in the regulation of weight gain or association of serum levels of leptin and adiponectin and corresponding studied SNPs in patients with schizophrenia on clozapine treatment.

Differentiating sepsis from non-infective systemic inflammatory response syndrome: comparison between C-reactive protein and leptin

Differentiation of sepsis from non-infectious SIRS is important in improving sepsis outcome. We intended in this study to evaluate the role of serum leptin and to compare it with CRP in differentiating sepsis from non-infectious SIRS.

Leukocyte peroxidase and leptin: an associated link of glycemic tolerance and bronchial asthma?

Recent observations suggest the presence of an interaction between leptin and the inflammatory system during bronchial asthma. Although there is evidence of a positive association between asthma and obesity in adults and children, little is yet known about the role of serum leptin, as a potential mediator for bronchial epithelial homeostasis, and intraleukocyte myeloperoxidase (MPO), a hemoprotein with a molecular weight of 140 kDa, expression of the inflammatory system, in asthmatic children. Glycemic tolerance is an important pathogenetic element in developing type 2 mellitus diabetes and a confirmed predictor of incident asthma-like symptoms in adults. This work is aimed at assessing a possible correlation between basal leukocyte myeloperoxidase levels, basal leptin and insulin-glycemic tolerance in obese children. Thirty obese children aged between 7 and 15 years were examined. The analyzed data showed a normal response to the insulinemic stimulus in children of both sexes whose basal leptin and MPO values, expressed as MPO intracellular index, were within the normal range.

Leukocyte peroxidase and leptin: an associated link of glycemic tolerance and bronchial asthma?

Leukocyte peroxidase and leptin: an associated link of glycemic tolerance and bronchial asthma? Sergio ParcoImmunopathology Unit, Laboratory of the Department of Medicine, Children&rsquo;s Hospital, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, ItalyAbstract: Recent observations suggest the presence of an interaction between leptin and the inflammatory system during bronchial asthma. Although there is evidence of a positive association between asthma and obesity in adults and children, little is yet known about the role of serum leptin, as a potential mediator for bronchial epithelial homeostasis, and intraleukocyte myeloperoxidase (MPO), a hemoprotein with a molecular weight of 140 kDa, expression of the inflammatory system, in asthmatic children. Glycemic tolerance is an important pathogenetic element in developing type 2 mellitus diabetes and a confirmed predictor of incident asthma-like symptoms in adults. This work is aimed at assessing a possible correlation between basal leukocyte myeloperoxidase levels, basal leptin and insulin-glycemic tolerance in obese children. Thirty obese children aged between 7 and 15 years were examined. The analyzed data showed a normal response to the insulinemic stimulus in children of both sexes whose basal leptin and MPO values, expressed as MPO intracellular index, werewithin the normal range.Keywords: leptin, myeloperoxidase, glycemic tolerance, asthma

Clinical and biochemical parameters in relation to serum leptin levels in South Indian children and adolescents

To investigate the relationship between serum leptin and lipid profile in South Indian School children and adolescents, and to evaluate the role of serum leptin in obese, overweight and congenital heart diseased children and adolescents; in South Indian population and its correlation with anthropometric and biochemical parameters. The study included 185 school going children and adolescents. (52 obese, 49 overweight, 25 congenital heart disease children and adolescents, were compared with 59 normal controls, aged between 10-17 years). Anthropometric variables, lipid profile, fasting serum glucose were analyzed by autoanalyser and serum leptin by ELISA. Serum leptin levels were significantly elevated in obese and overweight children than in control children (36.88+/-18.60ng/mL, 20.64+/-11.18ng/mL vs 7.97+/-2.79ng/mL; p value <0.001), and decreased in congenital heart diseased children than in control children (6.20+/-4.23 ng/mL vs 7.97+/-2.79ng/mL; p value <0.005). This study provides a good relationship between serum leptin levels and anthropometric and biochemical parameters, such as total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol. We observed negative correlation between serum leptin and fasting glucose levels and HDL-cholesterol levels were found to be non-significant among the groups. Further studies with large sample size are needed to ascertain the relationship between serum leptin and lipid profile in different groups of children and adolescents.

Relationship Between Maternal Obesity And Increased Risk Of Preeclampsia

Introduction: The incidence of obesity has risen over the past several decades and in spite of advancement in modern medicine, it remains a risk factor for maternal morbidity and mortality. Objective: To determine the association between obesity (increased body mass index) and increased risk of preeclampsia. The possible role of serum leptin was also evaluated. Methods: 250 pregnant women were included in this study. They were selected according to their BMI at 20 weeks of gestation and allocated into 5 study groups (each n= 50). At 20 weeks of gestation, BMI, mean arterial blood pressure was calculated. Proteinuria, serum uric acid and leptin were measured. At 28 weeks of gestation reevaluation of BMI, mean arterial blood pressure and serum uric acid were done. While serum leptin estimation was only reevaluated on the 37 weeks. Cases of preeclampsia were diagnosed and classified either mild or severe. Results: It was found that preeclampsia was diagnosed in 20 cases. Among them 12 cases were diagnosed as mild preeclampsia in group A , 2 cases ( 4% of normal BMI) , 2 cases in group C ( 4% of obese class 1 ) , 6 cases in group D ( 12 % of obese class 11 ) and 2 cases in group E ( 4 % of obese class 111). Severe preeclampsia was diagnosed in 4 cases of group C ( 8 % of obese class 1 ) , 2 cases of group D ( 4% of obese class 11 ) and 2 cases of group E ( 4 % of obese class 111 ) . The relative risk of preeclampsia in cases of increased BMI was 2.25. The cases that developed preeclampsia had statistically significant elevated serum uric acid when compared to the normotensive cases at 28 and 37 weeks of gestation. Serum leptin level increased significantly with the increase in BMI and preeclamptic cases had statistically significant higher mean serum leptin at 28 and 37 weeks than normotensive cases. Conclusion: Maternal obesity is associated with a higher risk of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes including preeclampsia.The dyslipidemia and the exaggerated inflammatory response associated with maternal obesity are thought to contribute to widespread endothelial dysfunction and the subsequent maternal syndrome in preeclampsia. Obesity is associated with higher mean serum leptin level. The levels of serum leptin are significantly higher in pre-eclampsia when compared to normotensive pregnant women and may contribute to endothelial dysfunction involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Keywords: preeclampsia –maternal obesity

Serum Leptin Levels in Patients Undergoing Carotid Endarterectomy: A Pilot Study

Elevated serum leptin levels are associated with cardiovascular events. We investigated the role of serum leptin in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA). A total of 74 patients (55 men; 38 symptomatic and 36 asymptomatic; mean age 66.9 +/- 8.2 years) undergoing CEA for >70% carotid artery stenosis were enrolled. Serum leptin levels were lower in symptomatic compared with asymptomatic patients (7.1 +/- 1.3 vs 14.4 +/- 4.7 ng/dL; P < .001). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were higher in symptomatic compared with asymptomatic patients (4.3 +/- 1.7 vs 3.3 +/- 1.1 pg/dL; P = .017). Symptomatic patients had more intense macrophage accumulation (0.7% +/- 0.1% vs 0.3% +/- 0.1%; P < .001). Serum leptin and serum IL-6 levels were independently associated with the presence of symptoms in multivariate analysis. Serum leptin levels were decreased in symptomatic carotid artery disease. This finding requires further investigation in larger studies.

The role of serum leptin in infants with wheezing after respiratory syncytial virus infected

To determine the role of serum leptin in infants with wheezing after respiratory syncytial virus infected. 43 infants infected with RSV were given blood samples to detect leptin concentration with radioimmunoassays (RIA) within 24 hours after admission into hospital, discharged and 12 weeks later. Then, they were followed up for 2 years. 10 healthy children of the same age served as controls. 41.9% infants developed asthma after infected with RSV. Compared to control group, the serum level of leptin in the asthma group and non-asthma group were significantly higher before treatment (t = 3.41 and 2.64 respectively, P < 0.05). When they were discharged, the serum level of leptin in the asthma group was significantly higher than that in non-asthma group and control group (t = 5.74 and 6.23, respectively, P < 0.05). 12 weeks later, the serum level of leptin in the asthma group was still significantly higher than that in non-asthma group and control group (t = 6.32 and 6.11, respectively, P < 0.05), but there were no difference between non-asthma group and control group (t = 0.81, P > 0.05). The serum level of leptin in infants with asthma after RSV infected was higher than that in healthy and non-asthma children. Persistent higher level of leptin may play an important role in infants with asthma after RSV infected.

Long-term kindled seizures induce alterations in hematopoietic functions: Role of serum leptin

Recent studies conducted in our laboratory have demonstrated marked increases in both serum leptin levels and colony numbers in bone marrow progenitor cells following long-term kindled seizures in rats. The present study sought to determine whether such changes in hematopoietic functions following kindling are linked to increased serum leptin levels. Kindled stage V seizures were induced for 30 days in Sprague–Dawley rats by stimulation of the basal complex of amygdala. The results revealed colony numbers in colony forming units-granulocyte/macrophage (CFU-GM) cultures from kindled rats increased significantly, an effect that was blocked by the presence of an anti-leptin antibody. The results further demonstrated that the addition of serum obtained from kindled rats to CFU-GM cultures from control rats significantly increased the numbers of colonies relative to non-serum added cultures. Moreover, the proliferative effects of serum from kindled rats were also blocked by adding an anti-leptin antibody. These findings were confirmed from the observations that the long isoform of the leptin receptor, which is capable of signal transduction, was present only in kindled, but not in control rats. Thus, the results provide evidence that the hematopoietic changes observed following long-term kindling are directly associated with elevated serum leptin levels.