Role Of Self-efficacy Beliefs Research Articles

Video slot machine use in adolescence: The role of self-efficacy beliefs, current and expected personal fulfillment at the social and educational level

IntroductionVideo slot machines (VSMs), which are available on electronic gaming machines and online platforms, are widely recognized for their high potential to trigger harmful gambling behaviors. Yet, the psychological factors associated with VSM use among adolescents remain poorly investigated. MethodsWe estimated adjusted odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) of current regular (at least monthly) VSM use according to self-efficacy beliefs regarding everyday problem-solving ability, along with current and expected personal fulfillment at the social, and educational level among 7,959 Italian high school students aged 15–17. ResultsCurrent regular VSM use was reported by 108 students (1.4%). Notably, this behavior was more frequently reported by those with either particularly high or low self-ratings in problem-solving ability, current and expected social fulfillment, as well as by those with lower ratings in both current and expected educational/work fulfillment. ConclusionsThese findings underscore that during adolescence, gambling behaviors are associated with diverse psychological profiles, each entailing distinct vulnerabilities. Effectively addressing adolescent gambling necessitates a comprehensive approach, with a strong emphasis on educational support. Given the increasing challenges in curbing underage exposure and access to the most harmful gambling formats, this study offers valuable insights for the design of health promotion and prevention strategies.

Psychological Symptoms in Parents Who Experience Child-to-Parent Violence: The Role of Self-Efficacy Beliefs.

Previous research suggests that parents involved in child-to-parent violence (CPV) experience shame, judgment, and a lack of social support, often accompanied by feelings of self-blame and helplessness as well as a deterioration in their perception of self-efficacy and their parenting skills. All of these factors may impact parents' mental health. However, there is a research gap concerning the consequences of CPV among parents. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the relationship between CPV and psychological symptoms (i.e., depression, anxiety, hostility, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, and somatization) in parents based on their perceptions of self-efficacy. The sample was composed of 354 participants: 177 parents (83.1% mothers) and their 177 children (53.4% boys; Mage = 13.27). CPV was reported by both parents and their children. In addition, parents reported their self-efficacy beliefs and psychological symptoms. The results showed that CPV was negatively associated with parents' psychological symptomatology, except for somatization. Moreover, self-efficacy beliefs explain part of the indirect association between CPV behaviors and psychological symptoms in parents. Overall, our findings provide evidence for the potential impact of CPV on mental health in parents and suggest the relevance of reinforcing their self-efficacy beliefs.

Students Engagement in Science during Covid-19 Pandemic: Role of Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Achievement Goals

This study investigated the relationships among achievement goals, self-efficacy beliefs, and engagement in science during COVID-19. Distance education was launched due to COVID-19, and there is a need to examine these relations in the online science learning context. Participants were 448 students between 5th and 8th graders receiving distance education for eight months. Path analysis indicated mastery-approach goals and particular self-efficacy aspects positively predicted student engagement. Science communication and conceptual understanding have become prominent among self-efficacy aspects, while higher-order cognitive skills were unrelated to student engagement. Also, negative linkages were identified between performance-approach goals, emotional engagement, cognitive engagement, and performance-avoidance goals. The variance explained in the engagement components ranged from 47% to 60%. Some of the participants’ engagement and motivation in science were negatively affected by distance education. Suggestions were made to foster students’ engagement and motivation in distance science education.

The role of self-efficacy beliefs and inclusive education beliefs on teacher burnout

The present study investigated whether teachers’ beliefs about teaching & learning and their beliefs about their own teaching self-efficacy predicted occupational burnout. Sixty-two elementary teachers completed three questionnaires: the Teacher Efficacy for Inclusive Practice Questionnaire (Sharma et al., 2012), the Beliefs about Learning and Teaching Questionnaire-Revised (Glenn, 2018) and the Teacher Burnout Scale (Richmond et al., 2001). Results revealed that while self-efficacy was associated with lower burnout, greater teacher-controlled beliefs, emphasizing grades and holding entity views (i.e., beliefs that learning ability is fixed) were associated with higher burnout scores. Additionally, teachers who had both higher self-efficacy and endorsed student-centered approaches reported experiencing less burnout. This study is the first to identify teacher belief profiles that are associated with level of burnout. Results are discussed with respect to how supporting the development of inclusive beliefs and building self-efficacy may support teacher well-being.

‘Try walking in my shoes’: teachers’ interpretation of student perception surveys and the role of self-efficacy beliefs, perspective taking and inclusivity in teacher evaluation

ABSTRACT For decades, policymakers deliberated whether student perception surveys (SPS) should be a component of teacher evaluation programmes in schools. However, much research has focused on SPS’ reliability and validity, and little is known about teachers’ interpretation of SPS or what preparation should be instituted before administering such surveys. Guided by a qualitative descriptive/interpretive approach, this paper draws upon 20 teacher interviews from different public schools in 14 US states. Teachers’ understanding of SPS appeared to provide insight into their self-efficacy beliefs in accountability-driven systems. Taking the perspective of principals illustrated teachers’ valuing SPS mostly as formative assessment. SPS also stood as isolated voice-based forms of evaluation, offering limited understanding of the educational processes when disconnected from an inclusive 360-degree feedback culture, grounded in principles of reciprocity and even-handedness. The paper holds promise for policymakers, implementers and educators seeking to buttress support for the use of voice initiatives in schools.

The Role of Self-efficacy Beliefs in Psychological Symptoms and Clinical Outcomes of Primary Chronic Headache

The Role of Self-efficacy Beliefs in Psychological Symptoms and Clinical Outcomes of Primary Chronic Headache

The Relationship between Social Intelligence and the Post-graduate Students' Perceptions of the Classroom Structure and the Intermediate role of Self-Efficacy Beliefs

The Relationship between Social Intelligence and the Post-graduate Students' Perceptions of the Classroom Structure and the Intermediate role of Self-Efficacy Beliefs

Understanding performance in risky sport: The role of self-efficacy beliefs and sensation seeking in competitive freediving

Sensation seeking and self-efficacy beliefs have been shown to be associated with participation and risk taking in risky sport. Little attention, however, has been given to their role in relation to performance. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether and how self-efficacy and sensation seeking predict sport performance in lower- and higher-risk freediving disciplines. A sample of 129 freedivers practising a lower-risk freediving discipline (N=86) and a higher-risk freediving discipline (N=43) completed a self-report questionnaire assessing socio-demographics, freediving experience and performance, sensation seeking, and freediving self-efficacy. The results provided evidence that the performance in the lower-risk discipline was predicted by freediving experience and freediving self-efficacy, while the performance in the higher-risk discipline was predicted by freediving self-efficacy and sensation seeking. The results suggested that sensation seeking and self-efficacy represent two different predictors of the performance in the higher-risk freediving discipline. Further research is needed to verify whether current findings may be extended to other risky, competitive sports.

Preschool Teachers’ Teacher-Child Communication Skills: The Role of Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Some Demographics

Preschool Teachers’ Teacher-Child Communication Skills: The Role of Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Some Demographics Aysun Ata-Aktürk, Hasibe Özlen Demircan Abstract This study aims to investigate to what extent self-efficacy beliefs and some demographics (years of experience and type of the institution) predict preschool teachers’ teacher-child communication skills. Another purpose of this study is to examine whether preschool teachers’ teacher-child communication skills change according to their educational level. Data were collected from in-service preschool teachers (N=304) working at 78 different schools in Ankara by using two different questionnaires and analyzed by using One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple regression analysis. Findings indicated that preschool teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs were positively and strongly correlated with their communication skills. Preschool teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs also a significant predictor of their teacher-child communication skills, while years of experience and the type of institutions did not make a significant contribution to preschool teachers’ teacher-child communication skills. Findings also revealed that preschool teachers’ teacher-child communication skills did not change with respect to their educational level. Full Text: PDF DOI: 10.15640/jehd.v6n3a10

The Role of Self-Efficacy Beliefs in Leader Development

This article examines various ways in which self-efficacy belief influences leader development. Drawing from social cognitive theory, we discuss four self-efficacy concepts that are pertinent to leader development: (a) preparatory self-efficacy, (b) efficacy spirals, (c) learning self-efficacy, and (d) resilient self-efficacy. We argue that the role of self-efficacy in leader development is more complex than traditionally considered. The article also addresses influences of a contextual factors and other individual differences on a leader’s self-efficacy. We then discuss the theoretical and practical implications of these propositions for leader development.

Cognitive Ties That Bind: A Tripartite View Of Efficacy Beliefs In Growth-promoting Relationships

We propose study of three forms of efficacy belief that may illuminate interpersonal functioning in close (e.g., helping, training) relationships. The three forms of belief include self-efficacy, other-efficacy, and relation-inferred self-efficacy (RISE) percepts. Although the role of self-efficacy beliefs in predicting or promoting individuals' behavior has received much study, the interpersonal context of efficacy beliefs has often been neglected. We contend that, within close relationships, self-efficacy (beliefs about one's own capabilities) exist in dynamic interaction with the beliefs that people hold about the efficacy of their relationship partners (other-efficacy) and about how their partners view them (RISE). This tripartite system of efficacy beliefs may have important implications for relationship formation, satisfaction, and persistence, as well as for the processes of acquiring and restoring self-efficacy, especially under distressing life conditions.

Gender Differences in Pain Perception: The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy Beliefs

The purpose of this study was to assess the extent to which the gender differences in response to the cold pressor test (CPT) are mediated by self-efficacy beliefs. One hundred twelve college undergraduates (69 women and 43 men) engaged in CPT and completed self-report measures of demographic information, physical self-efficacy (i.e., expectations about one's overall physical capabilities), and task-specific self-efficacy (i.e., beliefs about one's ability to cope successfully with the upcoming CPT). In addition, participants provided subjective ratings of pain intensity every 30 s during CPT and were evaluated for tolerance during CPT (up to 4 min). Consistent with past research, men reported lower average subjective ratings of pain intensity and showed higher tolerance for CPT. Path analyses indicated that associations between gender and pain perception were fully mediated by self-efficacy beliefs. Men reported greater physical self-efficacy and task-specific self-efficacy than women did. In turn, higher task-specific self-efficacy ratings predicted increases in tolerance for pain and lower ratings of average pain intensity. Findings indicate that self-efficacy beliefs are one factor that accounts for gender differences in responses to painful stimulation. Future researchers should evaluate conditions under which heightened self-efficacy may be beneficial and harmful, and they should employ experimental designs that incorporate opportunities for use of both communal–interpersonal and individualistic coping strategies in light of possible gender differences in preferred approaches to coping with pain.

Writing in Early Adolescence: A Review of the Role of Self-Efficacy Beliefs.

This review examines and summarizes 16 research studies examining the writing self-efficacy beliefs of 6th- to 10th-grade students. In the majority of the studies, self-efficacy was found to play a primary role in predicting student writing performance. Students with learning disabilities were found to over-estimate their ability to complete specific writing tasks. Several studies found gender differences, with boys rating their confidence higher than girls, although actual performance did not differ. Grade-level differences in perceived efficacy for writing were found in some studies, but not in others. Most studies emphasized that those working with young adolescents need to be aware of the importance of self-efficacy and other motivational beliefs in conjunction with academic functioning. Difficulties with specificity of self-efficacy measures, and with correspondence between measure and criterial task were found in several studies. The article concludes with suggestions for future self-efficacy research.

Impact of Adolescents' Perceived Self-Regulatory Efficacy on Familial Communication and Antisocial Conduct

The present study tested the hypothesis that perceived self-efficacy to resist peer pressure for high-risk activities is related to transgressive con- duct, both directly and through the mediation of open familial communi- cation. Adolescents rated their self-regulatory efficacy, openness of com- munication with parents, and their involvement in delinquent conduct and substance abuse. Results of structural equation modeling confirmed that a high sense of efficacy to ward off negative peer influences was accompanied by open communication with parents about activities out-

Impact of Self-Regulatory Influences on Writing Course Attainment

The role of self-efficacy beliefs concerning the academic attainment and regulation of writing, academic goals, and self-standards on writing course achievement was studied with college freshman using path analysis. These self-regulatory variables were measured at the beginning of a writing course and related to final course grades. Students’ verbal scholastic aptitude and level of instruction were also included in the analysis. Perceptions of self-efficacy for writing influenced both perceived academic self-efficacy and personal standards for the quality of writing considered self-satisfying. High personal standards and perceived academic self-efficacy, in turn, fostered adoption of goals for mastering writing skills. Neither level of writing instruction nor verbal aptitude had any direct link to course grades. Verbal aptitude affected writing course outcomes only indirectly by its influence on personal standards. Perceived academic self-efficacy influenced writing grade attainments both directly and through its impact on personal goal setting. These paths of influence were interpreted in terms of a social cognitive theory of academic self-regulation.

Impact of Self-Regulatory Influences on Writing Course Attainment

The role of self-efficacy beliefs concerning the academic attainment and regulation of writing, academic goals, and self-standards on writing course achievement was studied with college freshman using path analysis. These self-regulatory variables were measured at the beginning of a writing course and related to final course grades. Students’ verbal scholastic aptitude and level of instruction were also included in the analysis. Perceptions of self-efficacy for writing influenced both perceived academic self-efficacy and personal standards for the quality of writing considered self-satisfying. High personal standards and perceived academic self-efficacy, in turn, fostered adoption of goals for mastering writing skills. Neither level of writing instruction nor verbal aptitude had any direct link to course grades. Verbal aptitude affected writing course outcomes only indirectly by its influence on personal standards. Perceived academic self-efficacy influenced writing grade attainments both directly and through its impact on personal goal setting. These paths of influence were interpreted in terms of a social cognitive theory of academic self-regulation.

Self-Motivation for Academic Attainment: The Role of Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Personal Goal Setting

The causal role of students’ self-efficacy beliefs and academic goals in self-motivated academic attainment was studied using path analysis procedures. Parental goal setting and students’ self-efficacy and personal goals at the beginning of the semester served as predictors of students’ final course grades in social studies. In addition, their grades in a prior course in social studies were included in the analyses. A path model of four self-motivation variables and prior grades predicted students ‘final grades in social studies, R = .56. Students’ beliefs in their efficacy for self-regulated learning affected their perceived self-efficacy for academic achievement, which in turn influenced the academic goals they set for themselves and their final academic achievement. Students’ prior grades were predictive of their parents’ grade goals for them, which in turn were linked to the grade goals students set for themselves. These findings were interpreted in terms of the social cognitive theory of academic sel...

Self-Motivation for Academic Attainment: The Role of Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Personal Goal Setting

The causal role of students’ self-efficacy beliefs and academic goals in self-motivated academic attainment was studied using path analysis procedures. Parental goal setting and students’ self-efficacy and personal goals at the beginning of the semester served as predictors of students’ final course grades in social studies. In addition, their grades in a prior course in social studies were included in the analyses. A path model of four self-motivation variables and prior grades predicted students ‘final grades in social studies, R = .56. Students’ beliefs in their efficacy for self-regulated learning affected their perceived self-efficacy for academic achievement, which in turn influenced the academic goals they set for themselves and their final academic achievement. Students’ prior grades were predictive of their parents’ grade goals for them, which in turn were linked to the grade goals students set for themselves. These findings were interpreted in terms of the social cognitive theory of academic self-motivation.