Role Of Responsibility Research Articles

Addressing Conflicts and Role Responsibilities in the Special Education Service Delivery Process: Adult Sibling Involvement and Facilitation as Cultural and Linguistic Brokers

This case study explores the role of adult siblings in bridging and brokering cultural and linguistic gaps in special education on behalf of their sibling with a disability. Focusing on the Le family, the study explores how Eunice Le, an adult sibling, is navigating communication between their Vietnamese-speaking family and the school, and advocating for their brother Kai, a culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) student with autism. The case is premised on two key provisions within the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) that center on the Individualized Education Program (IEP) team configuration and parent participation. This case reveals the difficulties that arise when schools and families have divergent approaches to supporting students with disabilities and their extended families from racialized and minoritized communities.

Responsibility for the Environmental Impact of Data-Intensive Research: An Exploration of UK Health Researchers

Concerns about research’s environmental impacts have been articulated in the research arena, but questions remain about what types of role responsibilities are appropriate to place on researchers, if any. The research question of this paper is: what are the views of UK health researchers who use data-intensive methods on their responsibilities to consider the environmental impacts of their research? Twenty-six interviews were conducted with UK health researchers using data-intensive methods. Participants expressed a desire to take responsibility for the environmental impacts of their research, however, they were unable to consolidate this because there were often obstacles that prevented them from taking such role responsibilities. They suggested strategies to address this, predominantly related to the need for regulation to monitor their own behaviour. This paper discusses the implications of adopting such a regulatory approach as a mechanism to promote researchers’ role responsibilities using a neo-liberal critique.

InCHARGE: Co-creating, implementing and evaluating interventions to utilize nurses' competence and achieve person-centred fundamental care-A research protocol describing an action research approach.

This research protocol presents an action research project with the aim to demonstrate the value of person-centred fundamental care to nurses and nurse managers in surgical care units to encourage a far-reaching change in this direction. The objectives are to describe this process and to evaluate the effects on missed nursing care and person-centred fundamental care. In a novel collaboration between nursing science and medical humanities the action research design will be used to interact with nursing staff and leaders in three surgical care units and design interventions with the purpose to affect the direction of nursing. Initially, the care units will be presented with interactive workshops including evidence-based education on person-centered fundamental care, person-centredness, nurse role responsibility and leadership. This will be followed by cocreation of interventions to stimulate person-centered fundamental care. The Fundamentals of Care framework will be used as the overarching theoretical framework. Data on missed nursing care, person-centred climate and person-centered fundamental care will be collected repeatedly from patient- and nursing stakeholders through interviews and validated questionnaires. Additionally, data from written reflections following clinical observations and focus group interviews will be included. The duration of the study will be approximately five years from ethical approval. It has been previously reported that the current working environments of registered nurses are forcing them to ration their caring responsibilities, leading to a lack of fulfillment of patients' fundamental care needs, with possible severe consequences for patients. The action research design helps researchers gain an understanding of the contextual factors important for forthcoming interventions, enabling reflective processes and cocreation of interventions with stakeholders. This may lead to feasible interventions and strengthen nursing leadership in the involved units.

Gender Differences in Domestic Responsibilities of Otolaryngologists-A Mixed-Methods Analysis.

Female otolaryngologist-head and neck surgeons (OHNS) confront unique barriers. This study examines the influence of home life, especially gendered division of household labor, on leadership, productivity, and burnout. A survey was distributed through social media and national society list-serv. Demographics, responsibility for household roles, and Maslach Burnout Inventory for Medical Personnel were included. Participants were invited to participate in semi-structured interviews, employing purposive sampling, with qualitative thematic analysis. Response rate was 26.4% (145 of 550 of eligible participants; 38.7% women, 60.7% men). Significantly fewer women were married (64.3% vs. 92% of men, p < 0.001), and significantly more were childless (21.4% of women vs. 9.1% of men, p = 0.037). More men reported exclusive/major responsibility for five duties, including yard work and home maintenance (all p < 0.03). More women reported exclusive/major responsibility for 15 duties, including meal planning and coordinating childcare (all p < 0.03). Women had higher Emotional Exhaustion on univariate analysis (p = 0.015). Across 27 interviews, two main themes were identified, each with three associated subthemes: Theme one, "division of duties," with subthemes (1) the way household duties were divided, (2) traditional gender norms, and 3. changing duties over time/unexpected circumstances. Theme two, "impact of domestic duties," with subthemes (1) professional, (2) financial, and (3) burnout/life satisfaction. Women OHNS disproportionately manage domestic responsibilities, possibly altering career trajectory for some OHNS. Burnout, especially emotional exhaustion, may be elevated due to inequitable labor. Future research should focus on identifying ways to improve equity for this group. N/A Laryngoscope, 2024.

Experiences of Leaders in Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in US Academic Health Centers

The murder of George Floyd in 2020 spurred an outpouring of calls for racial justice in the United States, including within academic medicine. In response, academic health centers announced new antiracism initiatives and expanded their administrative positions related to diversity, equity, and/or inclusion (DEI). To understand the experiences of DEI leaders at US allopathic medical schools and academic health centers, ie, the structure of their role, official and unofficial responsibilities, access to resources, institutional support, and challenges. This qualitative study used key informant interviews with participants who held formal DEI positions in their school of medicine, health system, or department. Interviews were conducted from December 2020 to September 2021. Transcripts were coded using a phenomenographic approach, with iterative concurrent analysis to identify thematic categories across participants. Data were analyzed from January to December 2021. Formal DEI role. Questions elicited reflection on the responsibilities of the role and the strengths and challenges of the unit or office. A total of 32 participants (18 of 30 [56%] cisgender women; 16 [50%] Black or African American, 6 [19%] Latinx or Hispanic, and 8 [25%] White) from 27 institutions with a mean (range) of 14 (3-43) years of experience in medical education were interviewed. More than half held a dean position (17 [53%]), and multiple participants held 2 or more titled DEI roles (4 [13%]). Two-thirds self-identified as underrepresented in medicine (20 [63%]) and one-third as first generation to attend college (11 [34%]). Key themes reflected ongoing challenges for DEI leaders, including (1) variability in roles, responsibilities, and access to resources, both across participants and institutions as well as within the same position over time; (2) mismatch between institutional investments and directives, including insufficient authority, support staff, and/or funding, and reduced efficacy due to lack of integration with other units within the school or health system; (3) lack of evidence-based practices, theories of change, or standards to guide their work; and (4) work experiences that drive and exhaust leaders. Multiple participants described burnout due to increasing demands that are not met with equivalent increase in institutional support. In this qualitative study, DEI leaders described multiple institutional challenges to their work. To effectively address stated goals of DEI, medical schools and academic centers need to provide leaders with concomitant resources and authority that facilitate change. Institutions need to acknowledge and implement strategies that integrate across units, beyond one leader and office. Policymakers, including professional organizations and accrediting bodies, should provide guidance, accountability mechanisms, and support for research to identify and disseminate evidence for best practices. Creating statements and positions, without mechanisms for change, perpetuates stagnation and injustice.

SYMBOLS OF WOMEN'S EXISTENCE IN SA,O NGGUA ORNAMENTS IN THE WOLOTOPO TRADITIONAL VILLAGE, EAST WOLOTOPO VILLAGE NDONA DISTRICT, ENDE DISTRICT

The problem in this research is what is the meaning of the symbol of women's existence in traditional house ornaments in the Wolotopo traditional village, East Wolotpo Village, Ndona District, Ende Regency. The aim of this research is to find out the meaning of the symbol of women's existence in traditional houses in the Wolotopo traditional community, East Wolotopo Village, Ndona District Ende Regency. The research method used in this research is a qualitative research method, with data collection techniques of observation, interviews and documentation. Meanwhile, the data analysis techniques in this research include data reduction, data presentation and conclusions. The results of the research show that the Wolotopo indigenous people believe that breast ornaments in traditional houses indicate the importance of women's role as a symbol of life and fertility for all humans, which is an ancestral heritage. This symbolizes unity and is a symbol of communication between humans and the highest being. In the life of the Wolotopo traditional community, women have an important role and big responsibilities, which have been inherited by their ancestors and are trusted by the local cultural community, such as women's involvement in traditional household affairs, in various traditional rituals such as working on traditional houses, mosalaki burial rituals and someone's coronation. becoming a traditional figure (wakelaki ritual), opening new land and making statues of gods (Ana deo).

The Hippocratic Oath: Misreading and Rereading an Ancient Text.

The Hippocratic oath is such an enduring icon of medical morality that physicians in Nazi Germany invoked it to protest Euthanasie, the systematized killing of weak or sick children, people with incurable diseases, hospitalized criminals (a category applicable to gays), geriatric patients, long-term patients, patients not of German blood (Jews and Romani), and people with disabilities. Several expert witnesses at the 1945 Nuremberg Medical Trial also cited the oath to condemn Nazi physicians' abuse of human research subjects. Noting these invocations, in 1947 the physicians who founded the World Medical Association modernized the Hippocratic oath to convey to future medical students its foundational precepts: benefitting the sick, not harming them, not breaching confidentiality, and not treating patients unjustly, irrespective of their gender or social status. This article presents a historically accurate reading of the oath's strange-seeming passages to show that it does not prohibit abortion, euthanasia (medical aid in dying), or surgery. The article also contends that oath-swearing remains an important asset in teaching clinicians their role responsibilities, and that its ethics supports women's rights to reproductive health care and can valorize challenges to venture-capitalist and for-profit managements that prioritize profitability over providing quality health care for patients.

Pedagogical strategies in the cotaught K–12 inclusive setting: role responsibility for teacher partners and leaders

ABSTRACT Knowledge of instructional strategies in cotaught K–12 classrooms raises awareness of this unique collaboration for benefitting students with disabilities. The purposes of this qualitative study were to (1) identify pedagogical strategies that facilitate coteaching in inclusive environments and (2) explore the relevance of coteaching teams and administrative support for these partnerships. Interviewing during the coronavirus pandemic involved nine experienced general and special educators (coteachers) from elementary, middle, and secondary schools in Virginia, USA. Practices of inclusive education and leaders’ involvement in coteaching were revealed. Coteaching strategies, administrative needs, and tips for future partners were probed in the interviews. Individual partners’ communication, responsibilities, tasks, and expectations were other areas of interest. Investigating how coteaching teams instruct and perceive administrative support contributes to the research. Importantly, the relationship of coteaching to leadership is crucial to the viability and effectiveness of instructional collaboration.

Physician Perceptions of Medication Prescribing in Heart Failure: A Scoping Review.

The swift uptake of new medications into clinical practice has many benefits; however, slow uptake has been seen previously with other guideline-directed medical therapies (GDMT) in heart failure (HF). Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors are a novel therapy in HF proven to be efficacious and will have beneficial clinical outcomes if prescribed. Understanding physician perspectives on prescribing GDMT in HF can help target strategies to bridge the gap between guidelines and practice. The study followed the PRISMA guide for scoping reviews. A search was conducted using EMBASE, Medline, and PubMed databases in April 2024. Studies included were those using qualitative methods to assess physician perspectives towards prescribing any HF medication. Common themes were identified through thematic synthesis following the methods from Cochrane Training and using software MAXQDA Analysis Pro. 708 studies were found in the search, with 23 full studies included. The most pertinent barriers identified were concern for medication adverse effects, unclear role responsibilities between physicians of different specialities, patient co-morbidities, and unwillingness to alter therapies of stable patients. The most identified enablers included awareness of efficacy, influence from colleagues, and the use of multi-media approaches for information dissemination. Perceptions were also found to change over time and vary among prescriber groups. Physicians perceive common barriers and enablers of prescribing GDMT in HF, despite differences in prescriber groups and time periods. The identified barriers and enablers may be targeted to improve implementation of GDMT into clinical practice.

The crucial importance of accurate enumeration to bringing public health nurses out from behind the “Other” category

Public health nursing is a unique field of nursing with specialized skills, roles, and functions designed to address disease prevention and health promotion of populations and to respond to emerging health crisis such the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the unique role and professional responsibilities of public health nurses, they are not identified as a distinct nursing specially by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics workforce data. This is problematic as accurate enumeration of public health nursing can supply the necessary data to identify gaps of these essential professionals. To effectively address this gap and have the capacity to identify public health nursing workforce needs, a method to define, describe, and enumerate the public health nursing workforce nationally with a unique split Standard Occupational Classification is necessary. Further, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Public Health and Data Authority must have the ability to coordinate data reporting on the public health workforce, support standardization, and streamline annual enumeration.

Determining Private Youth Sport Coaches’ Wage Expectations for Tournament Attendance: A Market-Based Solution to Incentivize Tournament Attendance in Coaches of Individual Sports

Incentive structures within the market-driven private youth tennis and athlete development system often fail to deliver optimal sport at the micro-level. Yet, remedying deficient incentive structures within the private youth sports setting has received little empirical inquiry. In examining an established deficiency in private youth tennis delivery deriving from macro-level incentive structures, the authors investigated the wage expectations, and determinants of wage expectations for private youth tennis coaches’ tournament attendance. Guided by human capital theory, rational choice theory, and the wage expectations literature, 111 private youth tennis coaches completed an online survey. Results found most coaches expect a wage comparable to an hour-long coaching session, with coaches’ expectations affected by years of experience, prior playing accomplishments, form of compensation, role responsibilities, and race. Findings do suggest a micro-level remedy for a deficient incentive structure can enhance tennis delivery and demonstrate the viability of a parent-financed coach tournament attendance service.

Classical music as ethical practice: A professional perspective

ABSTRACT This article examines the ethical foundations within classical music performance. It argues that phronesis (practical wisdom) is crucial in navigating the ethical challenges faced by musicians, addressing the tension between distinct normative constraints as well as enhancing musicians’ ethical awareness and decision-making in their practice. Among these ethical concerns is the responsibility to balance respecting the work’s integrity and pursuing originality. On these grounds, we argue further that phronesis serves a broader function, enabling musicians to fulfil effectively their role responsibility to composers, peers, and audiences.

Mental health and justice beyond borders: Global crises, sociopolitical determinants, and contemporary practices in forensic psychiatry

In an era marked by escalating international crises, environmental shifts, and sociopolitical volatilities, global mental health is facing profound challenges. With its distinctive position at the intersection between clinical and judicial domains, forensic psychiatry can be predisposed to the consequences of adverse external determinants and events. At present, geopolitical conflicts, rising insecurities, climate change, forced and voluntary migration, and regressive sociopolitical ideologies are all compounding role responsibilities, care models, and ethical expectations across forensic-psychiatric practice; in short, complex distal factors are increasingly informing domestic considerations. These far-reaching concerns indicate a need for adaptive and proactive responses, underpinned by cultural sensitivity, social justice, and respect for human rights. Through illustrative examples from different regions, this perspective paper calls for a greater recognition of the transnational dynamics that are affecting local contexts of practice. Equally, it outlines the importance of advocacy, interdisciplinary collaborations, and potential evolutions in training and ethical frameworks to address contemporary issues. By adopting these approaches, forensic psychiatrists can promote more just systems and equitable mental healthcare for patients amidst the uncertainties of an interconnected and rapidly transforming world.

Early Career Nurses' Experiences of Engaging in a Leadership Role in Hospital Settings.

Early career nurses (ECNs) can be expected to assume shift charge nurse leadership roles quickly upon entering practice. Since the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, junior nurses may find their leadership capabilities tested further as the challenges of leadership are made increasingly complex in the context of an infectious disease outbreak. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore early career registered nurses' (RNs) experiences of engaging in shift charge nurse roles in hospital settings. This study used an interpretive descriptive (ID) approach. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with 14 RNs across Ontario, who had up to three years of experience and who had engaged in a shift charge nurse role in a hospital setting. Recruitment and data collection took place from January to May 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed following the principles of content analysis. Content analysis of the 14 participant interviews revealed four main themes: nominated and necessitated into leadership, diverse and demanding responsibilities, factors that help and hinder, and leadership as an impactful experience. Study findings provide insights into potential strategies to support ECNs in shift charge nurse roles, during the remaining course of the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Greater support for nurses who engage in these roles may be achieved by promoting collaborative unit and organizational cultures, prioritizing leadership training programs, and strengthening policies to provide greater clarity regarding charge nurse role responsibilities.

King Khalid University EFL Students’ Perspectives on Teaching Professional Ethics: A New Ethical Pedagogical Review

This study was carried out to discover King Khalid University EFL students' perspectives on teaching professional ethics from an ethical and pedagogical perspective. To attain the three objectives of the study, the two authors adopted the descriptive survey method because of its suitability. For collecting data, a 15-item questionnaire was distributed to a purposive, randomly selected sample containing 100 male and female EFL students from various colleges of King Khalid University during the first semester of 2023. The findings of this study showed that both male and female participants had a higher number of positive responses concerning teaching professional ethics for teaching and learning. Moreover, the majority of participating EFL students at King Khalid University had a positive perspective on teaching professional ethics in education. It was also apparent that, in the areas of teaching, training and learning, there are various fields of teaching professional ethics. This is due to the significant impact of academic settings of universities in general and King Khalid University in particular on the future of their university students. Moreover, it is both the fundamental role and primary responsibility of universities to offer education that will make communities more urbane. The results of the present study also indicated that the character of EFL staff members which includes self-esteem, presence of mind, intelligence, and level-headedness, adapting based on the ability to adapt lesson plans based on students’ interests, needs, and preferences are the underlying factors that influenced the participants’ perspectives on teaching professional ethics at King Khalid University.

Evaluating the impact of a blended interprofessional education course on students' attitudes towards interprofessional education: a pre-post study.

Since 2011, five educational and healthcare institutions have implemented a short interprofessional education (IPE) course to bring together undergraduates from five disciplines. To meet the logistical challenges of IPE implementation, more specifically, the large number of classrooms needed to gather students together and the need for human resources to guide learning activities, a face-to-face IPE course was redesigned into a blended (online and face-to-face collaborative learning activities) IPE course. In March 2023, 183 medical, 378 nursing, 46 radiologic technology, 69 physiotherapy, and 74 occupational therapy students participated in a one-day IPE blended course to learn interprofessional team functioning and dynamics, role clarification and responsibilities of other professions, and interprofessional communication skills. This study aimed to assess students' changes in attitudes towards IPE after being involved in a large-scale interprofessional blended learning course. A before-after study was conducted using a French translation of the validated questionnaire "University of West of England Interprofessional Questionnaire" (UWE-IP questionnaire). Students' attitudes towards interprofessional (IP) relationships and IP learning were measured before and after the course. In March 2023, two hundred fifty-six students from five professions answered two subscales of the UWE-IP questionnaire before and after the course (response rate 34%). Students' attitudes towards IP relationships improved significantly after the course. The score on this subscale (min 8; max 24) changed from 11.18 (SD 2,67) before the course to 10,38 (SD 2,55) after the course, indicating a significant improvement in attitudes towards IP relationships (p < 0,001). More specifically, students had more positive attitudes on the item "I have a good understanding of the roles of different health and social care professionals." and the item "I feel that I am respected by people from other health and social care disciplines." after the course. A positive change in students' attitudes towards IP learning was observed, but the results were not significative. A face-to-face IPE course redesigned as a blended course helped overcome existing challenges to implementing an IPE course. The results suggest a blended IPE course improves students' attitudes towards interprofessionality.

An Unprecedented Experience: Personal and Socio-Political Impacts of the COVID-19 Lockdown in Saudi Arabia.

The COVID-19 pandemic provided an opportunity to understand the experiences of different cultures and the application of preventive measures during a pandemic. That understanding can lead to the development of important evidence to grasp the global situation and prepare for future health crises. This qualitative study explores the impact of COVID-19 lockdown measures on individuals in Saudi Arabia, focusing on personal and socio-political effects. Employing semi-structured interviews with 28 participants, the research delves into the lived experiences during the early stages of the pandemic, highlighting emotional coping mechanisms, behavioral changes, role responsibility adaptations, and perceptions of governmental actions. The findings reveal a spectrum of emotional responses, from worry and fear to acceptance and contentment, and significant shifts in behavior and societal norms. The study underscores the importance of understanding cultural contexts in pandemic responses and offers insights into the resilience and adaptability of the Saudi community. It suggests the need for tailored interventions that consider the complex interplay of emotional, behavioral, and socio-political factors in managing future health crises.

Decision-making and role responsibility

Decision-making and role responsibility

A conceptual model of the nurse's role as primary palliative care provider in goals of care communication

ObjectiveNurses have opportunities to engage in goals of care conversations that can promote palliative care communication. The purpose of this study was to describe nurses' experiences in goals of care communication as summarized in the literature and to present a conceptual model of communication pathways for nurses. MethodsAn integrative review of the literature (2016–2022) addressing nurses' experiences in goals of care communication was conducted using PubMed, CINAHL, and PsychInfo databases. A total of 92 articles were retrieved. A total of 12 articles were included for this review after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. ResultsOf the 12 articles, the majority were qualitative studies (n = 8). Qualitative analysis of findings from all articles revealed three dominant themes: nurses' ambiguous role responsibilities, goals of care as end-of-life communication, and the need for nurse communication training. ConclusionThis article suggests an innovative conceptual model for advancing nurse communication about goals of care to facilitate primary palliative care. InnovationThe framework characterizes two communication pathways for Advanced Practice Nurses who direct goals of care discussions and Registered Nurses who support goals of care communication. The model informs future communication training aimed at supporting primary palliative care.

Conceptualizing Fear of Progression in Cardiac Patients: Advancing our Understanding of the Psychological Impact of Cardiac Illness

Abstract Background: An emerging area of psycho-cardiology explores fear of disease progression in cardiac patients, following extensive research of this topic in psycho-oncology. Novel interventions that target cardiac fear of progression(FoP) may be valuable in bridging the gap between the high psychological support needs in cardiac care and limitations surrounding the efficacy of standard psychosocial treatments. However, there appears to be limited research characterizing FoP in cardiac patients with which to inform potential interventions. Aims: Using a mixed methods approach in two inter-related studies, we aimed to develop a preliminary conceptualization of cardiac-FoP. Methods: Study 1 involved a scoping review of existing qualitative research to identify the range of fears relating to disease progression reported by cardiac patients. Study 2 investigated the prevalence and distress levels associated with a selection of fears identified in Study 1 through a quantitative study of 194 cardiac patient admissions at two Australian hospitals. Results: Study 1 conceptualized cardiac-FoP in two ways, by the content of the fears and by the behavioral responses to the fears. Fears were categorized into seven broad domains: fears associated with death, health, interpersonal relationships, treatment, accessing help, role responsibilities, and physical activity. Five categories of behavioral responses were identified: avoidance, hyperawareness, symptom misattribution, seeking help, and lifestyle changes. Study 2 indicated a high prevalence of fear, with an average endorsement of 40.9%. When fear was endorsed, an average of 45.2% of cardiac patients experienced moderate-to-severe distress. Discussion: This paper provides an initial conceptualization of FoP in cardiac patients, providing preliminary evidence of the rates of fear and associated distress in this population. Drawing on this conceptualization, unique measurement tools and interventions should be developed to identify and address FoP in cardiac patients.