This article considers the problem of religiosity in the context of the culture of modernism. The novelty of this research is connected with the fact that this topic is not yet properly explored in Russian philology. The author of the article refers to the legacy of the most important philosophers and writers of the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. In this article the author investigates the phenomenon called ‘’double religiosity’’. The century of progress and positivism has led to elimination of central role of religion in life, but that resulted in paradoxical doubling of religious feeling. This is evidenced by sacralization of creativity, belief in mystical role of the art, the searching for the absolute through the creative act. All of this things are essential indications of literature of modernism and the works of the principal exponents of modernism such as O. Wilde, G. d’Annunzio, J. Joyce etc.