Role Of Psychiatry Research Articles

"I Don't Want to Live Like This Anymore": The Role of Psychiatry and Clinical Ethics in Withdrawing Life-Sustaining Treatment.

"I Don't Want to Live Like This Anymore": The Role of Psychiatry and Clinical Ethics in Withdrawing Life-Sustaining Treatment.

Beyond anesthesia. Uses and actions of ketamine

Ketamine, first synthesized over six decades ago, continues to interest clinicians and fundamental researchers due to its multifaceted applications and complex mechanisms of action on the brain. This review synthesizes clinical and select preclinical studies to provide a broad overview of ketamine’s clinical uses, with a particular focus on its expanding role in psychiatry. Despite its longstanding presence in the medical field, precisely how ketamine’s effects on brain activity produce clinical benefit remains poorly understood. The review begins with a brief historical account of ketamine’s discovery and its evolution as an anesthetic and analgesic, setting the stage for its more recent advances and applications in treating psychiatric disorders. This review highlights a growing body of evidence supporting ketamine’s use for certain psychiatric diseases, such as major depressive disorder, underscoring the drug’s potential for reshaping therapeutic strategies. However, it also points to a significant gap in our understanding, for example, whether particular neurobiological mechanisms underscore ketamine’s beneficial effects. This review emphasizes the need for a cautious yet optimistic approach to integrating ketamine into clinical practice, balanced by the need to investigate its core neurobiological effects further.

Anatomy and function: Understanding the parietal lobe’s role in psychiatry

ABSTRACT Background: This essay explores the complex structure of the parietal lobe, explaining its distinct characteristics and their role in cognitive processes. The relationship between parietal lobe abnormalities and psychiatric symptoms is also examined in this article. Methods: A thorough examination of the anatomy, physiology, and function of the parietal lobe, as well as its involvement in a range of mental conditions, is given in the research article. These are based on the review of literature of several relevant and ground breaking research papers on parietal lobe dysfunction, as well as an informative and concise summation of the structure and function of the parietal lobe. Result: One of the most important parts of the human brain, the parietal lobe, is in charge of several cognitive processes, such as information processing, sensory perception, and spatial awareness. This article seeks to explore the complex structure of the parietal lobe, explaining its distinct characteristics and their role in cognitive processes. The relationship between parietal lobe abnormalities and psychiatric symptoms is also examined in this article. It offers strong proof that anomalies in the parietal lobe are connected to a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders. Conclusion: The healthcare system faces challenges in managing parietal lobe diseases due to limited resources, health-care access disparities, insufficient comprehensive data, and insufficient neuropsychological assessments. Holistic management requires understanding patients’ neuropsychological impairments and cognitive retraining techniques. Further research is needed to understand the disease burden, address health-care gaps, and enhance health-care infrastructure.

Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine and Its Role in Psychiatry.

This paper reviews the current literature to examine what elements of osteopathic medicine can be used in psychiatry. The aim of this study was to use the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to conduct a systematic review of studies describing the efficacy of osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM) in treating psychiatric problems directly and indirectly. The authors searched the databases PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), reviewing peer-reviewed articles from 1980 to April 2023. The literature demonstrates that OMMhas a positive effect on psychiatric symptoms indirectly when treating certain medical conditions, such as chronic pain, fibromyalgia, and irritable bowel syndrome; however, there are many limitations on these studies, and further research is required prior to making firm recommendations. The evidence is lacking for osteopathic manual medicine being used directly to treat psychiatric conditions. This review demonstrates that in some populations, such as individuals with chronic pain, fibromyalgia, and irritable bowel syndrome, OMM could be considered by an osteopathic psychiatrist as an adjunct treatment. More research should be conducted in this area due to the many limitations in the available studiesbut current research suggests that the use of OMM by osteopathic psychiatrists could be beneficial for some patient populations.

ROLE OF PSYCHIATRY IN PALLIATIVE CARE - A CASE REPORT

Palliative care aims to improve the quality of life for individuals facing life-threatening illnesses by addressing physical, psychological, social, and spiritual needs. While palliative care traditionally emphasizes symptom management and pain relief, the role of psychiatry in this field has gained recognition as an essential component of comprehensive patient-centred care. This case report provides an overview of the evolving role of psychiatry in palliative care, highlighting its significance in addressing the complex emotional and psychological aspects of end-of-life care.Psychiatrists play a crucial role in assessing and diagnosing mental health conditions that often co-occur with serious illnesses, such as depression, anxiety, and adjustment disorders. Identifying and addressing these conditions is vital to improving patients overall well-being. Psychiatric interventions are valuable in managing distressing psychological symptoms, including anxiety, depression, delirium, and existential distress. Appropriate pharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions can alleviate suffering and enhance the patients overall comfort. Collaborating with Palliative care specialists, psychiatrists provide psychosocial support to patients and their families, helping them cope with the emotional challenges that arise during the end-of-life journey. This includes facilitating open and honest communication, addressing complex family dynamics, and assisting in advanced care planning.In conclusion, the role of psychiatry in palliative care is expanding to meet the complex needs of individuals facing life-limiting illnesses. Recognizing and addressing the emotional and psychological aspects of end-of-life care not only improves the patients quality of life but also contributes to a more compassionate and comprehensive approach to palliative care. Integrating psychiatry into palliative care services ensures that individuals receive the support they need to navigate the challenging journey of serious illness with dignity and comfort.

Machine learning techniques in diagnostics and prediction of the clinical features of schizophrenia: a narrative review.

Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder associated with a significant negative impact. Early diagnosis and treatment of schizophrenia has a favorable effect on the clinical outcome and patients quality of life. In this context, machine learning techniques open up new opportunities for a more accurate diagnosis and prediction of the clinical features of this illness. This literature review is aimed to search for information on the use of machine learning techniques in the prediction and diagnosis of schizophrenia and the determination of its clinical features. The Google Scholar, PubMed, and eLIBRARY.ru databases were used to search for relevant data. The review included articles that had been published not earlier than January 1, 2010, and not later than March 31, 2023. Combinations of the following keywords were applied for search queries: machine learning, deep learning, schizophrenia, neural network, predictors, artificial intelligence, diagnostics, suicide, depressive, insomnia, and cognitive. Original articles regardless of their design were included in the review. Descriptive analysis was used to summarize the retrieved data. Machine learning techniques are widely used in the functional assessment of patients with schizophrenia. They are used for interpretation of MRI, EEG, and actigraphy findings. Also, models created using machine learning algorithms can analyze speech, behavior, and the creativity of people and these data can be used for the diagnosis of psychiatric disorders. It has been found that different machine learning-based models can help specialists predict and diagnose schizophrenia based on medical history and genetic data, as well as epigenetic information. Machine learning techniques can also be used to build effective models that can help specialists diagnose and predict clinical manifestations and complications of schizophrenia, such as insomnia, depressive symptoms, suicide risk, aggressive behavior, and changes in cognitive functions over time. Machine learning techniques play an important role in psychiatry, as they have been used in models that help specialists in the diagnosis of schizophrenia and determination of its clinical features. The use of machine learning algorithms is one of the most promising direction in psychiatry, and it can significantly improve the effectiveness of the diagnosis and treatment of schizophrenia.

Essay topic - What is the role of psychiatry in recovery from severe trauma?

Essay topic - What is the role of psychiatry in recovery from severe trauma?

2022 PIF essay competition explores, 'what is the role of psychiatry in recovery from severe trauma?'

2022 PIF essay competition explores, 'what is the role of psychiatry in recovery from severe trauma?'

Essay topic - What is the role of psychiatry in recovery from severe trauma?

Essay topic - What is the role of psychiatry in recovery from severe trauma?

Preliminary Program Guide: Sunday, May 21, 2023

Preliminary Program Guide: Sunday, May 21, 2023

From Mourning and Melancholia to Neurobiology in an Era of Global Warming, Pandemic Disease, and Social Chasms: Grief as a Requisite for Change.

We find ourselves in a unique time in history with the confluence of a pandemic, global warming, and social chasms felt throughout the world. In this article, it is suggested that the grieving process is necessary for progress. The article addresses grief from a psychodynamic lens and progresses through the neurobiological changes that occur in the grieving process. The article discusses grief as both a result of and a necessary response to COVID-19, global warming, and social unrest. It is argued that grief is a vital process in order to fully change as a society and move forward. The role of psychiatry, and specifically psychodynamic psychiatry, is integral in paving the way to this new understanding and a new future.

Phenomenology Is Too Abstract for Psychopathology

The phenomenological approach is a science that has its roots in the tradition of psychiatric science (Binswanger et al., 1896). Phenomenology intuits the content of consciousness precisely and distinguishes between concepts so that it can provide knowledge about the nature of consciousness. As the basis for scientific psychology and psychiatry, the phenomenological approach allows for a clearer understanding of the nature of mental disorders. This essay argues that phenomenology is not abstract to psychiatry is the foundation of psychiatry and has a distinguished role in psychiatry. The essay begins with an introduction to the origins and history of phenomenology and describes the psychiatric relevance of phenomenology. It then presents several arguments against Karl Jaspers’ phenomenology. It concludes by suggesting the role of phenomenology in understanding the lifeworld of people with schizophrenia.

(202) Psychiatry's Role in Caring for Patient Survivors of Female Genital Mutilation

(202) Psychiatry's Role in Caring for Patient Survivors of Female Genital Mutilation

Trustees Act on AAMC Brief in Harvard Case, Multiple Other Issues

Trustees Act on AAMC Brief in Harvard Case, Multiple Other Issues

Making psychiatry moral again: the role of psychiatry in patient moral development

Psychiatric involvement in patient morality is controversial. If psychiatrists are tasked with shaping patient morality, the coercive potential of psychiatry is increased, treatment may be unfairly administered on the basis...

"We All Go a Little Mad Sometimes:" Representations of Insanity in the Films of Alfred Hitchcock.

Themes connected with mental illness and psychiatry frequently feature in the works of Alfred Hitchcock. Some critics believe it is a reflection of the director's own mental health issues. Yet, it is more likely that Hitchcock was inspired by the Gothic tradition and the legacy of Edgar Allan Poe as well as the popularity of psychoanalysis in post war U.S. culture. This article looks at Hitchcock's feature-length films in order to analyse the representation of psychopathic characters as perpetrators of crime and the disturbed mother-child relationships which may lead to mental aberrations. Furthermore, it presents the ways in which Hitchcock subtly undermines popular conceptions about the relationship between mental illness and crime, and the role of psychiatry in explaining unusual behaviour.

Resilience in 2021-Descriptive Analysis of Individuals Accessing Virtual Mental Health Services: Retrospective Observational Study.

BackgroundPsychological resilience has been extensively studied by developmental researchers, and there is a growing body of literature regarding its role in psychiatry and psychopathology research and practice. This study contributes to this growing literature by providing real-world evidence on the relationship between resilience and clinical symptoms among a large sample of employed Americans.ObjectiveThis study aimed to describe resilience levels in individuals accessing Ginger, a virtual mental health system, in addition to the association of resilience with demographic characteristics, baseline depression, and anxiety symptoms.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective observational study of 9165 members who signed up for Ginger and completed a baseline survey between January 1 and August 5, 2021. We used multivariate regression models to test for associations between baseline resilience and other member characteristics.ResultsBaseline resilience scores centered on a mean of 23.84 (SD 6.56) and median of 24 (IQR 8) out of 40, with 81.0% (7424/9165) of the sample having low resilience at baseline. Despite having relatively higher resilience scores, members with no or mild depression or anxiety still had low resilience scores on average. Self-reported suicidal ideation was associated with lower resilience.ConclusionsOverall, members had low baseline resilience, similar to resilience levels observed in trauma survivors in prior studies. Younger members and those with higher levels of depression and anxiety at intake reported lower levels of resilience at baseline. Notably, members with no or mild depression or anxiety still had low resilience scores on average, suggesting a need for mental health support among individuals who might not typically be recommended for treatment based on traditional clinical assessments, such as the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7). Two suggestions for topics of future research are to develop treatment recommendations based on the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and to understand the interaction between resilience levels and symptom-based outcome measures, such as the PHQ-9 and the GAD-7.

Accountability as a Key Virtue in Mental Health and Human Flourishing

We propose that accountability plays an implicit, important, and relatively unexamined role in psychiatry. People generally think of accountability as a relation in which one party is held accountable by another. In this paper, we examine accountability as a virtue, drawing on philosophy, psychiatry, and psychology to examine what it means to welcome being accountable in an excellent way that promotes flourishing. When people manifest accountability as a virtue, they are both responsive to others they owe a response, and they are responsible for their attitudes and actions in light of these relationships. Psychiatric treatment often aims to correct disordered forms of accountability, including difficulties with empathy and self-regulation. Both the process of treatment and the practice of professionalism depend on relationally responsible accountability. We examine accountability as an overlooked complement to healthy autonomy. Whereas acting autonomously in congruence with one’s values is characteristic of mental health, accountability that is interpersonally responsive and responsible is vital to successful treatment as well as professionalism in psychiatry. We review components of accountability and developmental aspects of the virtue; highlight the role of accountability in healthy functioning; and describe implications for psychiatric assessment, treatment, and professionalism. We aim to catalyze awareness of accountability as intrinsic to mental health care and human flourishing.

On "Alienated Consumption" - How a Large Company in the GDR Dealt With Alcohol Abuse

The paper investigates the treatment of alcohol abuse in the GDR, and specifically in Rostock, and was written using insights from the documentary film Abhängig [Addicted], which was filmed in 1983. This is not a film analysis. Rather, the paper functions as an impetus to examine from a micro-historical perspective the various dimensions of the way in which alcoholism was dealt with in a large GDR enterprise. From a historical perspective, the documentary is interesting in several respects and is ideally suited as both a source and an analytical tool for the study of the history of psychiatry in former East Germany. By intertwining perspectives from the history of ideas and social history, the film makes it possible to experience the tension between social ostracism, on the one hand, and acceptance of alcoholism as a disease, on the other. Moreover, it also shows attempts to establish therapies in multiprofessional teams and thus, ways out of addiction. Extensive archival material, viewed here for the first time, as well as interviews with contemporary witnesses are used as sources to supplement the film. The insight which the combined sources provide into the social space of a large, "volkseigener" [nationally owned] enterprise (the Neptune shipyard with polyclinic) permits a more nuanced insight into real socialist society and - in the broadest sense - into its specific approach towards deviant and depending on interpretation, marginal-asocial or pathological excessive alcohol consumption. In addition to highlighting different perspectives on alcoholism in the GDR, in the course of whose existence/history an expansion of the scope of medical definitions took place, the paper aims to provide impetus for comparative research and to point out where shifts in perspective may be necessary. In the long-term, the goal of such research would be to make generally valid statements about the role of psychiatry in the context of the healthcare system of the GDR.

Forensic Psychiatry in Pakistan: An Update

Pakistan is a lower-middle income country in South Asia where forensic psychiatry is often not recognized as a distinct subspecialty of psychiatry. Although evolution toward this direction has begun, more development in this field is needed. Before Pakistan’s Mental Health Ordinance of 2001, much of the mental health legislation and intitutional infrastructure pertaining to the mentally ill offender can be traced back to the Indian Lunacy Act of 1912. The past two decades have witnessed important legal developments in the role of psychiatry in Pakistan’s criminal justice system. This has been seen through the devolution of health-care provision and by an extension of psychiatric service provision from the federation (federal government) to the four provinces. Despite the sparse resources allocated to psychiatry, competent yet scarce psychiatry residents are graduating from Pakistan’s accredited residency programs with an interest in forensic psychiatry. The objective of this article is to reflect on the past, while examining the current state of existing forensic mental health in Pakistan. This article will also address the future trajectory of forensic psychiatry in Pakistan and supports the establishment of forensic psychiatry as a subspecialty in Pakistan.