Role Of Personality Dimensions Research Articles

Bridging personality dimensions and eating symptoms: A transdiagnostic network approach.

Eating disorders (ED) have recently been studied from a network approach, conceptualising them as a complex system of interconnected variables, while highlighting the role of non-ED symptoms and personality dimensions. This study aims to explore the connections between personality and ED symptoms, identify central nodes, and compare the EDs network to a healthy control network. We employed network analysis to examine the personality-ED symptom connections in 329 individuals with an ED diagnosis and 192 healthy controls. We estimated a regularised partial correlation network and the indices of centrality and bridge centrality to identify the most influential nodes for each group. Network differences between groups were also examined. Low Self-Directedness and high Harm avoidance emerged as central bridge nodes, displaying the strongest relationship with ED symptoms. Both networks differed in their global connectivity and structure, although no differences were found in bridge centrality and centrality indices. These findings shed light on the role of personality dimensions, such as Self-Directedness and Harm Avoidance in the maintenance of ED psychopathology, supporting the transdiagnostic conceptualisation of ED. This study advances a deeper understanding of the complex interplay between personality dimensions and ED symptoms, offering potential directions for clinical interventions.

Personality traits and psychological complaints under patients suffering from headaches.

<p>Although headaches are often comorbid with psychological symptoms, the underlying psychological processes, e.g. the role of personality dimensions as headache determinants remains unclear. Studies found associations between headaches and various personality traits; according to the Big Five model of personality, persons suffering from headaches exhibit a higher rate in neuroticism, while a lower rate in extraversion, openness to experiences and positive emotions. This is the first study to clarify the associations among duration, intensity, and frequency of headaches and personality dimensions. Through this study we could get into the personality dimensions in the background of pain experience and that which personality dimensions bear a part in the behaviour of the persons, who suffered from headache, but do not seek treatment through this complaint.&nbsp;</p>. <p>Treated (Group1) and untreated (Group2) headache patients and healthy controls (Group3) were investigated (total of 360 participants). The main headache components of intensity, duration, and frequency were used as dependent variables with personality dimensions in the Big Five concept investigated by the NEO-PI-R Personality Inventory.</p>. <p>Employing multiple regression analysis, facets of personality described 14.7% of headache intensity, 10.9 % of duration, and 18.7 % of frequency variance. Group1 and Group2 reached significantly higher values on the dimension of anxiety, depression, and vulnerability to stress than Group3. Group1 showed a significantly higher value on trust personality dimension than Group3 and Group2. Group3 exhibited a significantly higher value in the trust dimension than Group2. Concerning vulnerability to stress, the highest value was yielded by the &ldquo;treated and suffering from headaches&rdquo; group and there was a significant difference also with the &ldquo;untreated and suffering from headaches&rdquo; group and with the control group. In this dimension, the &ldquo;untreated and suffering from headaches&rdquo; group&rsquo;s point value was significantly higher than the control group&rsquo;s (p&lt;0.01, U=-4.501).</p>. <p>Our study demonstrates that the three headache components are not independent from personality traits, and personality traits may interact with treatment seeking behavior even in the presence of significant headache complaints. The role of the personality traits are significant in the intensity, duration and frequency of headaches.&nbsp;</p>.

International student mobility and labour market outcomes: The role of personality dimensions

International student mobility (ISM) is often perceived to enhance career prospects. Surprisingly, the role of personality traits in explaining why students go abroad and relationships between ISM and labour market outcomes have received scant scholarly attention. Based on survey data from Norwegian graduates, we found that degree and credit mobility graduates were significantly more extraverted and open than non-mobile peers and that degree mobiles were more agreeable than both credit and non-mobiles. Furthermore, results revealed that whereas degree mobility is related to both wage and Occupational self-efficiacy (OSE), this was not the case for credit mobility. However, personality did affect the associations between degree mobility and labour market outcomes. In sum, our study suggests that the distinction between degree and credit mobility is important when considering the labour market outcomes of ISM and that personality does play a role in the links between degree mobility and labour market outcomes.

The Role of Personality Dimensions in the Etiopathogenesis of Primary Hypertension.

Although hypertension is the most important cardiovascular risk factor, we still do not understand all the factors that contribute to the disease onset. The aim of this study was to examine the association between personality dimensions and primary hypertension. In total, 310 participants were recruited in a case-control design. The association of personality dimensions with primary hypertension was examined in normotensive (n = 156) and hypertensive (n = 120) patients following assessment of the 5 personality dimensions with the DECAS Personality Inventory. A binary logistic regression model was used to assess the predictive value of personality traits for hypertension, controlling for recognized confounders such as age, gender, obesity, smoking history, parental history of hypertension, and education. Low or very low emotional stability was almost twice as frequent in the hypertensive group (71.7%) as in the normotensive study population (43.5%). The binary logistic regression model showed that low emotional stability is a significant predictor for hypertension, the risk of being hypertensive decreasing by 7% with each point increase on the emotional stability score. Very low or low emotional stability increased the odds of being hypertensive by 3.55 times (odds ratio: 3.55, 95% CI: 2.18-9.35, P < .001). No association between the severity of hypertension and personality traits was found. People with low emotional stability/high neuroticism have more than 3-fold increased odds of developing primary hypertension. The assessment of personality traits could be used as a tool to identify individuals at risk to develop primary hypertension as well as patients with primary hypertension where psychotherapy could be of potential value. This study highlights the need for further research, in order to establish effective, patient-oriented prevention strategies and treatment options.

Trajectory of first-year students’ depressive mood after the transition to high school: The role of personality dimensions

This short-term longitudinal study investigated the developmental trajectory of first-year students’ depressive mood and the role of personality dimensions after the transition to high school. Chinese first-year high school students (251 males, 295 females) completed surveys to determine depressive mood and personality dimensions. The latent growth modeling results were as follows: participants’ depressive mood increased linearly after the transition to high school, and the intercept and slope of depressive mood were insignificantly correlated; neuroticism significantly and positively predicted the intercept and slope of depressive mood; extraversion, openness, and conscientiousness negatively and significantly predicted the intercept of depressive mood, but insignificantly predicted the slope; and agreeableness did not predict the intercept or slope of depressive mood. Overall, first-year students’ depressive mood increased linearly and personality dimensions differently predict depressive mood during this period.

Psychosomatic interactions in kidney transplantation: role of personality dimensions in mental health-related quality of life.

Background and aims:The increase in innovative and personalized medicine solutions in kidney surgery can improve patients’ chances of survival; however, during the transplantation process, patients are exposed to many psychological challenges. This study aimed to evaluate the role and impact of personality dimensions on the behaviour of waiting-list patients towards the post-surgery adaptation process.Method:The participants were 113 out-patients aged 18–70 years (mean age 54.7 years, SD ± 9.9) who had received a kidney transplant at least 3 years prior to the study.Results:The results of the study revealed that personality dimensions can predict mental health-related quality of life after kidney transplantation; in particular, the dimensions play an important role in patients’ behavioural ability to manage their quality of life both during end-stage renal disease and after kidney transplantation. Psychological distress and anxiety were associated with a low level of the conscientiousness dimension, while a high level of the openness dimension was associated with a high level of psychological distress and stress. In addition, body self-perception was associated with personality dimensions.Conclusion:Personality dimensions were found to predict behavioural reactions when emotional traits and body self-perception for each patient were combined; clinical psychologists could apply personalized intervention by modeling the treatments step by step and mitigating the negative effects of the whole kidney transplantation disease, thus helping the individual to adapt to a new life.

The role of personality dimensions, styles of coping and intolerance to uncertainty in the sense of coherence

Osjećaj koherentnosti pokazao se značajnim faktorom koji doprinosi pozitivnim zdravstvenim ishodima. U prethodnim istraživanjima dimenzije ličnosti pokazale su se značajnim prediktorom osjećaja koherentnosti, a stilovi suočavanja bili su značajno povezani s osjećajem koherentnosti. Veza konstrukta netolerancije na neizvjesnost i osjećaja koherentnosti nije do sada istraživana, stoga je cilj ovog istraživanja bio ispitati prediktivni doprinos dimenzija ličnosti velepetorog modela, stilova suočavanja i netolerancije na neizvjesnost, osjećaju koherentnosti kod mladih odraslih osoba. Rezultati hijerarhijske regresijske analize pokazali su da dimenzije ličnosti iz velepetorog modela snažno doprinose objašnjenju varijance osjećaja koherentnosti, no povrh toga stilovi suočavanja i netolerancija na neizvjesnost uspjeli su dodatno objasniti varijancu kriterija. Ovo istraživanje pokazalo je da viša razina emocionalne stabilnosti, ekstraverzije, ugodnosti, savjesnosti; učestalije korištenje suočavanja usmjerenog na problem; manje često korištenje suočavanja izbjegavanjem te niža razina netolerancije na neizvjesnost značajno predviđaju snažniji osjećaj koherentnosti. Ključne riječi: osjećaj koherentnosti, dimenzije ličnosti, stilovi suočavanja, netolerancija na neizvjesnost

The role of personality dimensions, depressive symptoms and other psychosocial variables in predicting postpartum suicidal ideation: a cohort study.

Suicidability has been associated with neuroticism and psychoticism, but its role during perinatal period has not been analyzed. We explore the association between personality dimensions, depressive symptoms, and other psychosocial variables in postpartum suicidal ideation. A cohort of 1795 healthy Spanish women from the general population was assessed for suicidal ideation (EPDS-Item10) in early postpartum, 8 and 32 weeks postpartum. Sociodemographic, obstetric, and reproductive variables, psychiatric history, social support, stressful life-events during pregnancy, depressive symptoms (EPDS), and the Eysenck's personality dimensions (EPQ-RS) were also assessed at baseline. A major depressive episode (DSM-IV) was confirmed in women with EPDS>10 at follow-up assessments. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were conducted. Adjusted logistic regression analysis was reported as odds ratio (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Seven percent of mothers reported suicidal ideation during the first 8 months postpartum. Sixty-two percent of women with suicidal ideation had a major depressive episode at 8 weeks, and 70% at 32 weeks postpartum. Neuroticism and psychoticism predicted suicidal ideation throughout the first 2 weeks after delivery (OR, 1.03; 95%CI 1.01-1.06; and OR, 1.03; 95%CI 1.01-1.05 respectively). Early postpartum depressive symptoms (OR 1.2; 95%CI 1.11-1.26), personal psychiatric history (OR 2.1; 95%CI 1.33-3.27), and stressful life events during pregnancy (OR 1.88; 95%CI 1.12-3.16) also emerged as predictors of postpartum suicidal ideation. Analysis of women for postpartum suicidal ideation should include not only psychiatric symptoms but also psychosocial assessment (i.e., covering psychiatric history, stressful events, or long-standing personality vulnerabilities) in order to identify those in need of early psychosocial or psychiatric care.

The role of personality in motivational regulation and academic procrastination

This study explores the role of the motivational self-regulation in academic procrastination under the personality framework. Therefore, the aims of the study were to investigate: (a) the role of personality dimensions in the self-regulation of motivation; (b) the role of self-regulation of motivation in procrastination; and (c) the mediating role of the self-regulation of motivation. The participants were 274 university students (M = 21 years). The Big Five traits explained from 6% to 17% variance of the individual motivational regulation strategies (MRSs). Both personality (conscientiousness) and the MRS (environmental control) were significant predictors of academic procrastination. Conscientiousness, agreeableness, and intellect showed an indirect effect on reducing academic procrastination, mediated through the strategy of environmental control, thus additionally suggesting the important role of this motivational strategy. Since this strategy can be taught, these findings have a strong practical value.

The use of music for emotion modulation in mental disorders: the role of personality dimensions

Introduction Music is a communication medium with a strong emotional influence on the human being. Therefore it is, not farfetched to hypothesize a relationship between personality traits and the individual relating to music. The individual ’s behavior towards music develops especially during youth and adolescence [1], accompanying and interacting with the

Personality traits, defense mechanisms and hostility features associated with somatic symptom severity in both health and disease

ObjectiveSomatic symptoms are widespread in clinical practice. The association of somatic symptom severity with impaired health status holds both when symptoms are medically unexplained and when they are medically explained. The role of personality dimensions in the formation of somatic symptoms in patients with established, chronic diseases when compared to healthy participants had not been investigated prior to this study. MethodsIn samples of 411 healthy subjects and 810 participants with any of 9 established, chronic medical conditions, we measured psychological distress (SCL-90-R), personality traits (Zuckerman–Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire), defensive profiles (Defense Style Questionnaire), individual defenses (Life Style Index) and hostility features (Hostility and Direction of Hostility Questionnaire). Hierarchical multivariate models were used to assess the independent associations between personality dimensions and somatic symptom severity in both samples. The SCL-90-R somatization scale served as the outcome variable. ResultsIn both samples, older age, less education, higher neuroticism, adoption of the displacement defense and depressive symptoms were independently and positively associated with somatic symptom severity. Higher somatic symptom severity was also associated with more “introverted” features (i.e., the self-sacrificing defensive style and self-criticism) among participants with established, chronic medical conditions. ConclusionsThese data suggest that similar personality traits and defense mechanisms are associated with somatic symptom severity in health and disease, indicating that somatic symptoms are not simply consequences of having a medical condition. The specific associations of the self-sacrificing defensive profile and self-criticism with somatic symptom severity in the patient sample may have important clinical implications.

P-927 - The role of the temperament and character inventory for the assessment of suicide risk in personality disorders

Last decade research show that personality disorders are a major risk factor in the emergence of suicidal behavior (suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, completed suicide), with a degree of severity similar to suicidal behavior in mood disorders and schizophrenia. Although great progress was made in normal and pathological personality research, the role of personality dimensions in generating suicidal behavior was insufficiently studied within the past decades. To ascertain personality factors that generate vulnerability for suicidal behavior, and can be identified through the Temperament and Character Inventory developed by Robert Cloninger. The Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) is a battery of tests comprised of a self-assessment questionnaire with 240 items presented as true-or-false statements, which assess 7 high-rank descriptors of personality or behavior. TCI describes a total of 25 traits (12 facets of temperament and 13 of cheracter.A total of 131 patients diagnosed with personality disorders were included in the study. Specific attention was paid to subjects with active suicidality (i.e. recent suicide attempt prior to hospitalization and severe suicide ideation), in which personality disorders were ascertained - this was one of the study groups. Personality dimensions that both correlate with high levels of hopelessness, and generate increased suicide risk are harm avoidance (increased scores), and low reward dependence, self-directedness and cooperation, respectively.

Use of CBT to Treat Depression Among Patients on Hemodialysis

Use of CBT to Treat Depression Among Patients on Hemodialysis

Use of CBT to Treat Depression Among Patients on Hemodialysis

Use of CBT to Treat Depression Among Patients on Hemodialysis